WO2015131976A1 - Materialien für elektronische vorrichtungen - Google Patents
Materialien für elektronische vorrichtungen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015131976A1 WO2015131976A1 PCT/EP2015/000271 EP2015000271W WO2015131976A1 WO 2015131976 A1 WO2015131976 A1 WO 2015131976A1 EP 2015000271 W EP2015000271 W EP 2015000271W WO 2015131976 A1 WO2015131976 A1 WO 2015131976A1
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- C07C211/57—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of condensed ring systems of the carbon skeleton
- C07C211/61—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of condensed ring systems of the carbon skeleton with at least one of the condensed ring systems formed by three or more rings
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Definitions
- the present application relates to a Phenanthrenyf- arylamino compound of a formula defined in more detail below (I).
- Compound is preferably used in an electronic device, more preferably in an organic electroluminescent device (OLED).
- OLED organic electroluminescent device
- organic electronic devices are understood as meaning so-called organic electronic devices (organic electronic devices) which use organic semiconductor materials
- OLEDs are called electronic
- Devices understood that have one or more layers containing organic compounds and emit light when applying electrical voltage.
- Devices have layers with hole transporting function, such as hole injection layers, hole transport layers,
- Electron blocking layers and emitting layers are Electron blocking layers and emitting layers.
- triarylamines As hole transporting materials in the above-mentioned layers. These can represent mono triarylamines, such as
- Phenanthrenyl-arylamino compounds in OLEDs inter alia as hole transport materials (WO 2013/182263 and C. Schmitz et al.,
- Phenanthrens substituted with an arylamino group. Even if those disclosed in the above documents
- Hole-carrying layers of the electronic devices are continuously being searched for new materials with corresponding properties. as part of investigations into novel materials for these
- phenanthrene derivatives which have at least one arylamino group in the 1- or 4-position on the phenanthrene skeleton and are defined in more detail in formula (I) below are outstandingly suitable for use in OLEDs, in particular in one hole transporting layer.
- the compounds found have one or more properties selected from very good hole-conducting properties, very good
- the subject of the present invention is a compound of the formula (I)
- R 1 is the same or different at each occurrence selected from H, D,
- Ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 and heteroaromatic ring systems having from 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 ,
- alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl and alkynyl groups may each be substituted with one or more R 6 , and
- alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl and alkynyl groups may each be substituted with one or more R 7 radicals,
- substituents R 6 may be linked together and form a ring; is identical or different at each occurrence selected from H, D, F, CN, and aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic organic radicals having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, in which also one or more H atoms are replaced by D, F or CN can; is the same or different at each occurrence selected from aromatic ring systems with 6 to 40 aromatic
- Ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 4 and heteroaromatic ring systems having from 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 4 ; is the same or different at each occurrence selected from aromatic ring systems with 6 to 40 aromatic
- alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl and alkynyl groups may each be substituted with one or more R 6 radicals,
- alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl and alkynyl groups may each be substituted with one or more R 6 radicals,
- An aryl group in the sense of this invention contains 6 to 60 aromatic ring atoms;
- a heteroaryl group contains 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, at least one of which represents a heteroatom.
- the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and S. This is the basic definition. If in the description of the present invention other preferences are given,
- an aryl group or heteroaryl group is either a simple aromatic cycle, ie benzene, or a simpler one
- heteroaromatic cycle for example pyridine, pyrimidine or
- Thiophene or a condensed (fused) aromatic or heteroaromatic polycycle, for example, naphthalene, phenanthrene, quinoline or carbazole understood.
- radicals can be substituted and which can be linked via any position on the aromatic or heteroaromatic, are
- benzene in particular groups derived from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, dihydropyrene, chrysene, perylene, triphenylene, fluoranthene, benzanthracene, benzphenanthrene, tetracene, pentacene, benzpyrene, furan, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofuran, thiophene, benzothiophene, Isobenzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, pyrrole, indole, isoindole, carbazole, pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline, acridine, phenanthridine, benzo-5,6-quinoline, benzo-6,7-quinoline, benzo-7,8-quinoline, phenothiazine, Phenoxazine, pyrazole, indazole, imi
- a heteroaromatic ring system in the context of this invention contains 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, at least one of which represents a heteroatom.
- the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S.
- An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system in the sense of this invention is to be understood as meaning a system which does not necessarily contain only aryl or heteroaryl groups but in which also several aryl or heteroaryl groups a single bond or by a non-aromatic moiety, such as one or more optionally substituted C, Si, N, O or S atoms.
- the non-aromatic moiety preferably comprises less than 10% of the atoms other than H, based on the total number of H's
- Systems such as 9,9'-spirobifluorene, 9,9'-diarylfluorene, triarylamine, diaryl ethers and stilbene are understood as aromatic ring systems in the context of this invention, and also systems in which two or more aryl groups, for example by a linear or cyclic alkyl, Alkenyl or alkynyl group or linked by a silyl group. Furthermore, systems in which two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups are linked together via single bonds, as aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems in the sense of this
- aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5-60 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted in each case with radicals as defined above and which may be linked via any positions on the aromatic or heteroaromatic, are understood in particular groups which are derived from those mentioned above Aryl and heteroaryl groups and of biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydropyrene, tetrahydropyrene, indenofluorene, Truxen, isofruxene, spirotruxene,
- Alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms are preferably methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, n-pentoxy, s-pentoxy , 2-methylbutoxy, n-hexoxy, cyclohexyloxy, n-heptoxy, cycloheptyloxy, n-octyloxy,
- the two radicals are linked together by a chemical bond, under the formulation that two or more radicals can form a ring with one another.
- the second radical forms a ring to the position to which the hydrogen atom
- Phenanthrene group no further condensed aryl group containing more than 0 aromatic ring atoms.
- the compound of the formula (I) particularly preferably contains, in addition to the phenanthrene group, no further condensed aryl group having more than 10 aromatic ring atoms and no condensed heteroaryl group having more than 12 aromatic radicals
- condensed aryl or heteroaryl group is understood to mean a group consisting of two or more simple aromatic or
- heteroaromatic rings exists.
- Examples of a condensed Aryl group are naphthalene, anthracene and phenanthrene.
- Examples of a fused heteroaryl group are acridine and phenanthridine.
- At least one R 1 in the compound of formula (I) is selected from groups of formula (A). With particular preference, exactly one radical R in the compound of the formula (I) is selected from
- Phenanthrene is bound and exactly one of these residues R is bound in 4-position on phenanthrene. Furthermore, it is preferred that the case is excluded in which both a radical R 1 in the 4-position on the phenanthrene and a radical R 1 in the 5-position on the phenanthrene is selected from groups of the formula (A) and groups of the formula ( B). Furthermore, it is preferred that the case is excluded in which both a radical R in the 1-position on the phenanthrene and a radical R 1 in the 8-position on the phenanthrene is selected from groups of the formula (A) and groups of the formula (B ).
- the numbering of the positions on the phenanthrene skeleton is in the context of the present application the following:
- one or two indexes i per group of formula (B) are equal to 1, and it is particularly preferred that exactly one index i per group of formula (B) is equal to one.
- the index i is 0 at each occurrence.
- Preferred embodiments of the group (A) are selected from the following formulas (A-1) to (A-7)
- Formula (A-7) which may be substituted at the free positions in each case with radicals R 4 , and wherein the bond marked with * represents the attachment position to the Phenanthrenyl basic body.
- Preferred embodiments of the group (B) are selected from the following formulas (B-1) to (B-15)
- each Ar 1 is the same or different selected from aromatic ring systems having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R 4 , and heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, with a or more radicals R 4 may be substituted.
- Ar 1 is more preferably identical or differently selected on each occurrence from aromatic ring systems having 12 to 24 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 4 .
- two groups Ar 1 in formula (A) or formula (B), which are bonded to the same nitrogen atom, are not the same.
- the groups Ar 1 preferably each contain at least one group selected from benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl, fluorene, spirobifluorene, furan, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofuran, thiophene, benzothiophene,
- Ar 1 is selected from groups of the following formulas (Ar 1 -1) to (Ar -59)
- each Ar 2 be the same or different selected from aromatic ring systems having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R 4 , and heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, with a or more radicals R 4 may be substituted.
- Ar 2 is particularly preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from aromatic ring systems having 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 4 .
- Ar 2 is selected from groups of the following formulas (Ar 2 -!) To (Ar 2 - 14)
- Groups X are preferably selected from single bonds, C (R 5 ) 2 , -C (R 5 ) 2 -C (R 5 ) 2 -.
- R 1 is preferably identically or differently selected on each occurrence from H, D, F, CN, Si (R 6 > 3, straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy groups having 3 to 20 C atoms, aromatic ring systems having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more R 6 radicals, heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more R 6 radicals, groups of the formula (A) as defined above and groups of formula (B),
- R 2 , R 3 are preferably identically or differently selected on each occurrence from H, D, F, CN, Si (R 6 ) 3 , straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy groups with 3 to 20 C atoms, aromatic ring systems having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more R 6 radicals, and heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more R 6 radicals .
- NR 6 - may be replaced.
- R 4 and R 5 are preferably identically or differently selected on each occurrence from H, D, F, CN, Si (R 6 ) 3 , straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy groups with 3 to 20 C atoms, aromatic ring systems having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more R 6 radicals, and heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more R 6 radicals .
- NR 6 - may be replaced.
- Ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more R 6 radicals and heteroaromatic ring systems containing from 5 to 24 aromatic radicals Ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more R 6 radicals.
- R 6 is preferably identically or differently selected on each occurrence from H, D, F, CN, Si (R 7 ) 3, straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy groups having 3 to 20 C atoms, aromatic ring systems having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 7 , and heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 7 ,
- NR 7 - may be replaced.
- R 1 is the same or different on each occurrence from H, D, F, C (OO) R 6 , CN, Si (R 6 ) 3 , N (R 6 ) 2 , P (OO) (R 6 ) 2 , OR 6 , S (OO) R 6 , S (0O) 2 R 6 , straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy groups having 3 to 20 C atoms, Alkenyl or alkynyl groups having 2 to 20 C atoms, aromatic ring systems having 6 to 40 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more R 6 radicals, and heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms which contain one or more R groups 6 can be substituted,
- alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl and alkynyl groups may each be substituted with one or more R 6 and
- Preferred among the formulas (1-1) to (I-24) are the formulas (1-1), (I-2), (i-9) and (1-10), particularly preferably the formulas (1-1) 1) and (I-2).
- the combination of the preferred formulas (1-1) to (I-24) with the preferred embodiments of the groups Ar 1 , Ar 2 , X, R 1 to R 6 is particularly preferred.
- R, R 2 and R 3 in each occurrence are the same or different selected from H, D, F, CN, Si (R 6 ) 3 , straight-chain alkyl or
- Scheme 1 shows a preferred synthetic route for the preparation of the compounds of the invention.
- the phenanthrene compound A is reacted in a Buchwald coupling with an amine B of the formula Ar-NH-Ar, or in a Suzuki coupling with a boronic acid derivative C of the formula Ar 2 N-Ar-B (OR) 3 implemented.
- Y leaving group, for example halogen
- Ar aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system
- Arylamino group are substituted or substituted in this position with an aryl group carrying an arylamino group. This is substituted by a in 1-position with a leaving group
- Phenanthrene derivative D is assumed. chema 2
- Y leaving group, for example halogen
- Ar aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system
- compounds of the formula (I) having two arylamino groups can be prepared by using two leaving groups, one in the 1 position and one each in the 4-position on the phenanthrene.
- Leaving groups can, as also shown in the embodiments, compounds of formula (I) are prepared which have two different arylamino groups in 1- and in the 4-position.
- the invention thus further provides a process for the preparation of a compound of the formula (I), which is substituted by a leaving group substituted in 1- and / or in the 4-position
- the leaving groups are preferably selected from halide, preferably Br or I, boronic acid groups, Boronklareester phenomenon and sulfonic acid ester groups, preferably Trifluorsulfonklareester phenomenon.
- halide preferably Br or I
- boronic acid groups preferably Br or I
- Boron Acidester recognition preferably Trifluorsulfonklareester recognition.
- Boronic acid groups and boronic acid ester groups are particularly preferred in the reaction of phenanthrene compound with
- the coupling reaction is preferably selected from Buchwald coupling reactions in the reaction of the phenanthrene compound with a diarylamino compound.
- the coupling reaction is preferably selected from Suzuki reactions in the reaction of the phenanthrene compound with a triarylamino compound.
- dienes or azides for example, dienes or azides, carboxylic acid derivatives, alcohols and silanes.
- Another object of the invention are therefore oligomers, polymers or dendrimers containing one or more compounds according to
- An oligomer in the sense of this invention is a compound understood, which is composed of at least three monomer units.
- a polymer in the context of the invention is understood as meaning a compound which is composed of at least ten monomer units.
- the polymers, oligomers or dendrimers of the invention may be conjugated, partially conjugated or non-conjugated.
- the oligomers or polymers of the invention may be linear, branched or dendritic. In the linearly linked structures, the units of the formula (I) can be linked directly to one another or they can have a divalent group, for example via a substituted or unsubstituted group
- Alkylene group be linked together via a heteroatom or a bivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic group.
- three or more units of formula (I) may be linked via a trivalent or higher valent group, for example via a trivalent or higher valent aromatic or heteroaromatic group, to a branched or dendritic oligomer or polymer.
- the monomers according to the invention are homopolymerized or copolymerized with further monomers.
- Suitable and preferred comonomers are selected from fluorenes (eg according to EP 842208 or WO 2000/22026),
- cis-and trans-indenofluorenes eg according to WO 2004/041901 or WO 2004/113412
- ketones eg according to WO 2005/040302
- phenanthrenes e.g. B. according to WO 2005/104264 or WO 2007/017066
- the polymers, oligomers and dendrimers usually also contain further units, for example emitting (fluorescent or phosphorescent) units, such as.
- Vinyl triarylamines eg according to WO 2007/068325
- Phosphorescent metal complexes for example according to WO 2006/003000
- charge transport units in particular those based on triarylamines.
- the polymers, oligomers and dendrimers according to the invention have advantageous properties, in particular high lifetimes, high efficiencies and good color coordinates.
- the polymers and oligomers according to the invention are generally prepared by polymerization of one or more types of monomer, of which at least one monomer in the polymer leads to repeat units of the formula (I). Suitable polymerization reactions are known in the art and described in the literature. Particularly suitable and preferred polymerization reactions which lead to C-C or C-N linkages are the following:
- formulations of the compounds according to the invention are required. These formulations may be, for example, solutions, dispersions or emulsions. It may be preferable to use mixtures of two or more solvents for this purpose. Suitable and preferred solvents are, for example, toluene, anisole, o-, m- or p-xylene,
- Methyl benzoate mesitylene, tetralin, veratrole, THF, methyl THF, THP, chlorobenzene, dioxane, phenoxytoluene, especially 3-phenoxytoluene, (-) - Fenchone, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1, 2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-ethylbenzothiazole, 2-phenoxyethanol, 2-pyrrolidinone, 3-methylanisole, 4-ethylanisole, 3,4- Dimethylanisole, 3,5-dimethylanisole, acetophenone, ⁇ -terpineol, benzothiazole, butylbenzoate, CuMmol,
- Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether diethylene glycol monobutyl ether
- Tripropylene glycol dimethyl ether Tripropylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 2-isopropylnaphthalene, pentylbenzene, hexylbenzene, heptylbenzene,
- the invention therefore further provides a formulation, in particular a solution, dispersion or emulsion containing
- Polymer, oligomer or dendrimer comprising at least one unit of the formula (I) and at least one solvent, preferably an organic solvent. How such solutions can be prepared is known to the person skilled in the art and, for example, in WO
- the compounds according to the invention are suitable for use in electronic devices, in particular in organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs). Depending on the substitution, the compounds are in different functions and layers
- Another object of the invention is therefore the use of
- the electronic device is preferably selected from the group consisting of organic integrated circuits (OICs), organic field effect transistors (OFETs), organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), organic light emitting transistors (OLETs), organic solar cells (OSCs), organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field quench devices
- OICs organic integrated circuits
- OFETs organic field effect transistors
- OTFTs organic thin film transistors
- OLETs organic light emitting transistors
- OSCs organic solar cells
- organic optical detectors organic photoreceptors
- organic field quench devices organic field quench devices
- OFQDs organic light-emitting electrochemical cells
- O-lasers organic laser diodes
- OLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
- the electronic device is preferably selected from the abovementioned devices.
- OLED organic electroluminescent device
- Hole transport layer or another layer at least one compound according to formula (I) contains.
- the organic electroluminescent device may contain further layers. These are, for example, selected from in each case one or more hole injection layers, hole transport layers, hole blocking layers, electron transport layers, electron injection layers, electron blocking layers, exciton blocking layers, intermediate layers
- the sequence of the layers of the organic electroluminescent device containing the compound of the formula (I) is preferably the following:
- Anode hole injection layer hole transport layer-optionally further hole transport layer-optionally electron-blocking layer-emitting layer-electron transport layer-electron injection layer cathode is not all of the layers mentioned must be present, and additional layers may additionally be present.
- the organic electroluminescent device according to the invention may contain a plurality of emitting layers.
- these emission layers particularly preferably have a total of a plurality of emission maxima between 380 nm and 750 nm, so that overall white emission results, ie. H. in the emitting layers
- Hole transport layer hole injection layer or the
- Electron blocking layer present.
- the compound according to formula (I) is used in an electronic device containing one or more phosphorescent emitting compounds.
- the compound in different layers, preferably in a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a
- a spin-forbidden transition typically comprises compounds in which the light emission occurs through a spin-forbidden transition, for example, a transition from a triplet excited state or a state having a higher spin quantum number, for example, a quintet state.
- Suitable phosphorescent emissive compounds are in particular compounds which emit light, preferably in the visible range, when suitably excited, and also contain at least one atom of atomic number greater than 20, preferably greater than 38 and less than 84, particularly preferably greater than 56 and less than 80 , Preferred phosphorescent emissive compounds used are compounds containing copper, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, silver, gold or europium, in particular compounds containing iridium, platinum or copper.
- the compound according to formula (I) can also according to the invention in an electronic device containing one or more
- the compounds of the formula (I) are used as hole transport material.
- Compounds are then preferably present in a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer or a hole injection layer.
- a hole transport layer according to the present application is a hole transporting layer located between the anode and the emissive layer.
- a hole injection layer is in the case of multiple hole transport layers between anode and
- emissive layer has a hole transport layer which connects directly to the anode or is separated from it only by a single coating of the anode.
- An electron blocking layer is, in the case of a plurality of hole transport layers between the anode and the emitting layer, the hole transport layer which adjoins the emitting layer directly on the anode side.
- the organic layer comprising the compound of the formula (I) then additionally contains one or more p-dopants.
- p-dopants preferably those organic electron acceptor compounds are used which can oxidize one or more of the other compounds of the mixture.
- p-dopants are those described in WO 2011/073149, EP 1968131, EP 2276085, EP 2213662, EP 1722602, EP 2045848, DE 102007031220, US 8044390, US 8057712, WO
- p-dopants are quinodimethane compounds, azaindenofluorendiones, azaphenalens, azatriphenylenes,
- Metal halides preferably transition metal halides, metal oxides, preferably metal oxides containing at least one transition metal or a metal of the 3rd main group, and transition metal complexes, preferably complexes of Cu, Co, Ni, Pd and Pt with ligands containing at least one oxygen atom as a binding site.
- Transition metal oxides as dopants, preferably oxides of rhenium, molybdenum and tungsten, particularly preferably Re2O 7 , M0O3, WO 3 and ReO 3 .
- the p-dopants are preferably present largely uniformly distributed in the p-doped layers. This can be achieved, for example, by co-evaporation of the p-dopant and the hole transport material matrix.
- the compound according to formula (I) is used as hole transport material in combination with a hexaazatriphenylene derivative as described in US 2007/0092755.
- a hexaazatriphenylenderivat is used in a separate layer.
- the compound of the formula (I) is used as matrix material in combination with one or more emitting compounds, preferably
- the proportion of the atrix material in the emitting layer in this case is between 50.0 and 99.9% by volume, preferably between 80.0 and 99.5% by volume and particularly preferred for fluorescent emitting layers between 92.0 and 99.5% by volume and for phosphorescent emitting layers between 85.0 and 97.0 vol.%.
- the proportion of the emitting compound between 0.1 and 50.0 vol .-%, preferably between 0.5 and 20.0 vol .-% and particularly preferred for fluorescent emitting layers between 0.5 and 8.0 vol .-% and for phosphorescent emitting layers between 3.0 and 15.0 vol .-%.
- An emissive layer of an organic electroluminescent device may also include systems comprising a plurality of matrix materials (mixed-matrix systems) and / or multiple emissive compounds, Again, in this case, the emissive compounds are those compounds whose proportion in the system is smaller and the matrix materials are those compounds whose proportion in the system is larger, but in some cases the proportion of a single matrix material in the system may be less than the fraction of a single emissive compound.
- the emissive compounds are those compounds whose proportion in the system is smaller and the matrix materials are those compounds whose proportion in the system is larger, but in some cases the proportion of a single matrix material in the system may be less than the fraction of a single emissive compound.
- the mixed-matrix systems preferably comprise two or three different ones
- Matrix materials more preferably two different ones
- Matrix materials One of the two materials preferably constitutes a material with hole-transporting properties and the other material a material with electron-transporting properties
- Compound of the formula (I) preferably represents the matrix material with hole-transporting properties.
- electron-transporting and hole-transporting properties of the mixed-matrix components may also be mainly or completely combined in a single mixed-matrix component, with the further or the further mixed-matrix components fulfilling other functions.
- the two different matrix materials may be present in a ratio of 1:50 to 1: 1, preferably 1:20 to 1: 1, more preferably 1:10 to 1: 1 and most preferably 1: 4 to 1: 1. Preference is given to mixed-matrix systems in
- mixed-matrix systems can emit one or more
- Compounds comprise, preferably one or more
- phosphorescent emitting compounds In general, mixed-matrix systems are preferred in phosphorescent organic
- Electroluminescent devices used.
- Particularly suitable matrix materials which can be used in combination with the compounds according to the invention as matrix components of a mixed-matrix system are selected from the below-mentioned preferred matrix materials for phosphorescent emitting compounds or the preferred matrix materials for fluorescent emitting compounds, depending on which type of emitting Connection is used in the mixed-matrix system.
- the compound of formula (I) is used as an emissive compound in a
- emitting layer of an OLED used is preferably a fluorescent emitting compound, more preferably a blue fluorescent emitting compound.
- the compound of the formula (I) is used as the emitting compound in an emitting layer of an OLED, it is preferably used in combination with one or more matrix materials, particularly preferably with the abovementioned preferred proportions of emitting compound and matrix material.
- matrix materials in this case are the compounds normally used by the person skilled in the art as matrix materials for fluorescent emitting compounds. Examples of preferred classes of compounds are as follows
- Preferred phosphorescent emitting compounds are the compounds mentioned above and the compounds shown in the following table:
- Preferred fluorescent emitting compounds are, besides the compounds of formula (I), selected from the class of arylamines.
- An arylamine or an aromatic amine in the context of this invention is understood as meaning a compound which contains three substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems bonded directly to the nitrogen. At least one of these aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems is preferably a fused ring system, more preferably at least 14 aromatic ring atoms.
- Preferred examples thereof are aromatic anthraceneamines, aromatic anthracenediamines, aromatic pyrenamines, aromatic pyrenediamines, aromatic chrysenamines or aromatic chrysenediamines.
- aromatic anthracene amine a compound in which a diarylamino group is bonded directly to an anthracene group, preferably in the 9-position.
- aromatic anthracenediamine a compound in which two Diarylamino groups are attached directly to an anthracene group, preferably in the 9,10-position.
- Aromatic pyrenamines, pyrenediamines, chrysenamines and chrysenediamines are defined analogously thereto, the diarylamino groups on the pyrene preferably being bonded in the 1-position or in the, 6-position.
- Further preferred emitting compounds are indenofluoreneamines or diamines, for example according to WO
- WO 2012/048780 and the pyrene-arylamines disclosed in WO 2013/185871. Also preferred are the benzoindenofluorene amines disclosed in WO 2014/037077, which were disclosed in WO 2014/106522
- matrix materials preferably for fluorescent emitting
- Preferred matrix materials are selected from the classes of the oligoarylenes (for example 2,2 ', 7,7'-tetraphenylspirobifluorene according to EP 676461 or dinaphthylanthracene), in particular the oligoarylenes containing condensed aromatic groups, the oligoarylenevinylenes (for example DPVBi or spiro EP-DPI according to EP 676461), the polypodal metal complexes (eg according to WO 2004/081017), the hole-conducting compounds (eg according to WO 2004/058911), the electron-conducting compounds, in particular ketones, phosphine oxides, sulfoxides, etc. (eg according to
- Particularly preferred matrix materials are selected from the classes of oligoarylenes containing naphthalene, anthracene, benzanthracene and / or pyrene or atropisomers of these compounds, the oligoarylenevinylenes, the ketones, the phosphine oxides and the sulfoxides.
- Very particularly preferred matrix materials are selected from the classes of oligoarylenes containing anthracene, Benzanthracene, Benzphenanthren and / or pyrene or atropisomers of these compounds.
- an oligoarylene is to be understood as meaning a compound in which at least three aryl or arylene groups are bonded to one another.
- Triphenylene derivatives eg. B. according to WO 2012/048781, or lactams, z. B. according to WO 2011/116865 or WO 2011/137951.
- Suitable charge transport materials as used in the hole injection or hole transport layer or in the electron blocking layer or in the
- materials for the electron transport layer it is possible to use all materials as used in the prior art as electron transport materials in the electron transport layer.
- aluminum complexes for example Alq 3
- zirconium complexes for example Zrq
- lithium complexes for example Liq
- benzimidazoidenvates triazine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, pyridine derivatives, pyrazine derivatives, quinoxaline derivatives, quinoline derivatives,
- Oxadiazole derivatives aromatic ketones, lactams, boranes,
- Diazaphospholderivate and Phosphinoxidderivate are further suitable materials, as disclosed in JP 2000/053957, WO 2003/060956, WO 2004/028217, WO 2004/080975 and WO 2010/072300.
- the cathode of the electronic device are low workfunction metals, metal alloys or multilayer structures of various metals, such as alkaline earth metals, alkali metals, main group metals or lanthanides (eg Ca, Ba, Mg, Al, In, Mg, Yb, Sm, Etc.). Also suitable are alloys of an alkali or alkaline earth metal and silver, for example an alloy of magnesium and silver.
- further metals which have a relatively high work function such as, for example, As Ag or Al, which then usually combinations of metals, such as Ca / Ag, Mg / Ag or Ba / Ag are used. It may also be preferred to introduce between a metallic cathode and the organic semiconductor a thin intermediate layer of a material with a high dielectric constant. For this example, come alkali metal or
- Alkaline earth metal fluorides but also the corresponding oxides or
- LiF Li 2 0, BaF 2 , MgO, NaF, CsF, Cs 2 CO 3 , etc.
- LiQ lithium quinolinate
- the layer thickness of this layer is preferably between 0.5 and 5 nm.
- high workfunction materials are preferred.
- the anode has a work function greater than 4.5 eV. Vacuum up.
- metals with a high redox potential such as Ag, Pt or Au, are suitable for this purpose.
- metal / metal oxide electrodes eg Al / Ni / NiO x , Al / PtO x
- at least one of the electrodes must be transparent or
- anode material is conductive mixed metal oxides. Particularly preferred are iodine-tin oxide (ITO) or indium-zinc oxide (IZO). Preference is furthermore given to conductive, doped organic materials, in particular conductive doped polymers.
- the anode can also consist of several layers, for example of an inner layer of ITO and an outer layer of a metal oxide, preferably tungsten oxide,
- Molybdenum oxide or vanadium oxide are examples of Molybdenum oxide or vanadium oxide.
- the device is structured accordingly (depending on the application), contacted and finally sealed to exclude harmful effects of water and air.
- the electronic device is characterized in that one or more layers are coated with a sublimation process.
- the materials in vacuum sublimation systems become smaller at an initial pressure
- Carrier gas sublimation are coated.
- the materials are applied at a pressure between 10 ⁇ 5 mbar and 1 bar.
- a special case of this process is the OVJP (Organic Vapor Jet Printing) process, in which the materials are applied directly through a nozzle and so on Arnold, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 2008, 92, 053301).
- soluble compounds according to formula (I) are necessary. High solubility can be achieved by suitable substitution of the compounds.
- one or more layers of solution and one or more layers are applied by a sublimation method.
- the electronic devices containing one or more compounds of the formula (I) in displays as
- Light sources in lighting applications and as light sources in medical and / or cosmetic applications are used.
- Reaction mixture is heated at 85 ° C for 4 h under a protective atmosphere.
- the mixture is then partitioned between toluene and water, the organic phase washed three times with water over Na 2 S0 4 dried and evaporated.
- the reaction mixture is heated to boiling for 5 h under a protective atmosphere.
- the mixture is subsequently partitioned between toluene and water, the organic phase washed three times with water and dried over Na2S0 4 and evaporated.
- the yield is 47 g (90% of theory).
- Biphenyl-4-yl- (9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl) -amine (74 mol) is dissolved in 500 ml of toluene. The solution is degassed and saturated with N 2.
- inventive OLEDs and OLEDs according to the prior art is carried out according to a general method according to WO 04/058911, which is adapted to the conditions described here (eg materials).
- inventive examples E1-E9 and in the reference examples V1-V4 the data of different OLEDs are presented.
- the substrates used are glass plates coated with structured ITO (indium tin oxide) of thickness 50 nm.
- the OLEDs have the following layer structure: substrate / p-doped
- HIL1 Hole transport layer
- HTL hole transport layer
- HIL2 p-doped hole transport layer
- EBL hole transport layer
- Emission Layer Emission Layer
- ETL Electron Transport Layer
- Electron injection layer EIL
- cathode Electron injection layer (EIL) and finally a cathode.
- EIL Electron injection layer
- layers HIL2 and EBL are omitted, respectively.
- the cathode is formed by a 100 nm thick aluminum layer.
- Table 1 The materials needed to make the OLEDs are shown in Table 1, the various component constructions in Table 2.
- the emission layer always consists of at least one matrix material (host material, host material) and an emitting dopant (dopant, emitting compound), which is the cover material of the matrix material or the matrix materials in a specific
- volume fraction is added.
- An indication such as H1: SEB (5%) here means that the material H1 is present in a volume fraction of 95% and SEB in a volume fraction of 5% in the layer.
- the electron transport layers or the hole injection layers may consist of a mixture of two or more materials.
- the OLEDs are characterized by default. For this, the electroluminescence spectra, the current efficiency (measured in cd / A), the power efficiency (measured in Im / W) and the external quantum efficiency (EQE, measured in percent) as a function of the luminance, calculated from current-voltage-luminance characteristics ( IUL characteristics) assuming a Lambertian radiation characteristic and the
- the electroluminescence spectra are determined at a luminance of 1000 cd / m 2 and from this the CIE 1931 x and y color coordinates are calculated.
- the term EQE @ 10 mA / cm 2 denotes the external quantum efficiency at a current density of 10 mA / cm 2 .
- LD80 @ 60 mA / cm 2 is the lifespan up to which the OLED is rated at Starting brightness at constant current of 60 mA / cm 2 has fallen to 80% of the initial intensity.
- Example 1 three substances according to the invention (HTM1, HTM2 and HTM3) and two reference substances (HTMV1, HTMV2) in an OLED with blue fluorescent emitting layer are compared.
- the compounds are each used in hole-transporting layers of the OLED.
- the reference sample V1 containing a 3-phenanthrene compound is compared with two components according to the invention containing a 4-phenanthrene (E1) and a 1-phenanthrene compound (E2), respectively.
- the lifetime LD80 at 60 mA / cm 2 is significantly better in the inventive samples E1 (357 h) and E2 (381 h) than the reference sample V (128 h).
- reference samples V3 (6.8%) and V4 (4.2%) show lower quantum efficiency at 10 mA / cm 2 than the samples according to the invention E4 (7.9%) and E5 (7.7%). Also, the lifetime (80%) at 60 mA / cm 2 of samples E6 (356 h) and E7 (218h) according to the invention is greater than for references V3 (106 h) and V4 (43h). Also in this example contain the
- the samples according to the invention E4, E5, E6 and E7 contain 1-phenanthene compounds or 4-phenanthrene compounds.
- HTM5 HTM5
- HTM6 HTM6
- Diarylamino group have.
- the components are made like those of Example 2 with reduced construction.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910891258.8A CN110698351B (zh) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-02-09 | 电子器件的材料 |
| US15/123,765 US10727413B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-02-09 | Materials for electronic devices |
| EP15703460.4A EP3114102B1 (de) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-02-09 | Materialien für elektronische vorrichtungen |
| KR1020167019450A KR101756611B1 (ko) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-02-09 | 전자 소자용 재료 |
| CN201580012243.XA CN106132910B (zh) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-02-09 | 电子器件的材料 |
| JP2016555951A JP6591433B2 (ja) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-02-09 | 電子素子のための材料 |
| US16/896,342 US20200303649A1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2020-06-09 | Materials for electronic devices |
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| EP14000814 | 2014-03-07 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| US15/123,765 A-371-Of-International US10727413B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-02-09 | Materials for electronic devices |
| US16/896,342 Continuation US20200303649A1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2020-06-09 | Materials for electronic devices |
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| WO2015131976A1 true WO2015131976A1 (de) | 2015-09-11 |
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| PCT/EP2015/000271 Ceased WO2015131976A1 (de) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-02-09 | Materialien für elektronische vorrichtungen |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (2) | US10727413B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3114102B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP6591433B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101756611B1 (de) |
| CN (2) | CN110698351B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2015131976A1 (de) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20200303649A1 (en) | 2020-09-24 |
| JP6591433B2 (ja) | 2019-10-16 |
| US10727413B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 |
| CN110698351B (zh) | 2023-06-09 |
| CN110698351A (zh) | 2020-01-17 |
| US20170018710A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
| EP3114102A1 (de) | 2017-01-11 |
| KR101756611B1 (ko) | 2017-07-10 |
| JP2017513815A (ja) | 2017-06-01 |
| CN106132910A (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
| CN106132910B (zh) | 2019-10-11 |
| KR20160099093A (ko) | 2016-08-19 |
| EP3114102B1 (de) | 2017-12-06 |
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