WO2015132891A1 - Module de batterie secondaire - Google Patents

Module de batterie secondaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015132891A1
WO2015132891A1 PCT/JP2014/055540 JP2014055540W WO2015132891A1 WO 2015132891 A1 WO2015132891 A1 WO 2015132891A1 JP 2014055540 W JP2014055540 W JP 2014055540W WO 2015132891 A1 WO2015132891 A1 WO 2015132891A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
state determination
batteries
charge
discharge device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2014/055540
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
耕平 本蔵
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Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to PCT/JP2014/055540 priority Critical patent/WO2015132891A1/fr
Publication of WO2015132891A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015132891A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/575—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
    • H02J7/84—Control of state of health [SOH]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a secondary battery module.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a method for quantitatively evaluating the deterioration states of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte solution in a nondestructive manner by using a charge / discharge curve of a secondary battery.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a method for determining the state of a secondary battery.
  • the charge / discharge curve of the secondary battery is reproduced by calculation based on the charge / discharge curve of the positive electrode / negative electrode alone stored in advance, A method is described in which the effective weight of the active material, the effective weight of the negative electrode active material, the capacity deviation between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, or the values of parameters corresponding to these are obtained.
  • the state determination method described in Patent Document 1 it is necessary to eliminate as much as possible the influence of the internal resistance included in the charge / discharge curve of the secondary battery. Therefore, the current value at the time of measuring the charge / discharge curve has to be reduced, and the measurement requires a long time of 10 hours or more.
  • the secondary battery cannot be used for its original purpose. Therefore, since the deterioration state of the secondary battery cannot be determined and updated on a daily basis, there is a problem that the effect of suppressing the deterioration of the characteristics of the secondary battery is limited.
  • Patent Document 1 does not disclose means for solving this problem.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide means for routinely and accurately determining the deterioration state of the cells constituting the assembled battery.
  • the means for solving the above problems are as follows, for example.
  • a battery module having an assembled battery having a plurality of secondary batteries connected in series or in parallel, a charging / discharging device for charging / discharging the assembled battery, and one or more spare batteries, and constituting the assembled battery Among the plurality of secondary batteries, one or more state determination batteries are predetermined, and the connection between the state determination battery and the charge / discharge device and the connection between the spare battery and the charge / discharge device are selectively switched.
  • the secondary battery module which has a switch and controls charging / discharging of the battery for state determination separated from the assembled battery by the switch independently of charging / discharging of the assembled battery.
  • 1 illustrates a secondary battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation
  • 1 illustrates a secondary battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 illustrates a secondary battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation
  • the discharge curve of the cell contained in a secondary battery module is shown.
  • the change of the positive electrode potential with respect to the battery voltage of 3.9 V is shown with respect to the number of operating days.
  • the discharge curve of the cell contained in a secondary battery module is shown.
  • FIG. 1 shows a secondary battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery will be described as a secondary battery, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • a secondary battery module 500 includes an assembled battery 300 formed by connecting a plurality of single cells including predetermined state determination batteries B1 and B2 in series and in parallel, a spare battery A, switches S1 to S8, The charging / discharging device 400 and an arbitrary information holding mechanism 600 are included.
  • all the assembled batteries 300 are composed of single cells having the same initial characteristics. Moreover, as the spare battery A, it is desirable to use a single battery having the same initial characteristics as the single battery constituting the assembled battery 300.
  • the switches S1 and S2 and the switches S3 and S4 have a function of switching the electrical connection between the state determination batteries B1 and B2 and the spare battery A. Further, the switches S5 and S6 have a function of selecting which state determination battery is switched to the spare battery A. The switches S7 and S8 have a function of selecting a battery to be connected to the charging / discharging device 400 from the spare battery A and the state determination batteries B1 and B2.
  • the charging / discharging device 400 has a function of charging and discharging the connected state determination batteries B ⁇ b> 1 and B ⁇ b> 2 by predetermined control means independently of charging and discharging of the assembled battery 300.
  • the switches S1 to S8 can selectively switch the connection between the state determination batteries B1 and B2 and the charge / discharge device 400 and the connection between the spare battery A and the charge / discharge device 400.
  • the information holding mechanism 600 is connected to the charge / discharge device 400.
  • the information holding mechanism 600 determines the deterioration state of the state determination batteries B1 and B2 by charging and discharging the state determination batteries B1 and B2 separated from the assembled battery 300, and holds the determination result.
  • a secondary battery cell is configured by installing an electrode group including a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode in a battery case.
  • the electrode group has a configuration in which positive electrodes, separators, negative electrodes, and separators are alternately stacked and wound, or a configuration in which positive electrodes, separators, negative electrodes, and separators are alternately stacked.
  • the shape of the battery includes a cylindrical shape, a flat oval shape, and a square shape when the electrode group is wound, and a rectangular shape and a laminate shape when the electrode group is wound. The shape may be selected.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode are arranged away from each other through the electrolytic solution.
  • the electrolytic solution for example, a non-aqueous solution in which 1 mol / l of lithium hexafluorophosphate as a lithium salt is dissolved in a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate having a volume ratio of 1: 1 is injected.
  • the positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material made of a lithium-containing oxide that can reversibly insert and desorb lithium ions.
  • the positive electrode active material include layered transition metal oxides with or without substitution elements, lithium transition metal phosphates, and spinel type transition metal oxides.
  • the layered transition metal oxide lithium nickelate LiNiO 2 or lithium cobaltate LiCoO 2
  • the transition metal lithium phosphate iron lithium LiFePO 4 manganese manganese phosphate LiMnPO 4
  • spinel type transition metal oxide examples thereof include lithium manganate LiMn 2 O 4 .
  • One kind or two or more kinds of the above materials may be contained as the positive electrode active material.
  • lithium ions are desorbed in the charging process, and lithium ions desorbed from the negative electrode active material in the negative electrode are inserted in the discharging process.
  • the negative electrode is, for example, a carbon material capable of reversibly inserting and extracting lithium ions, silicon-based material Si, SiO, lithium titanate with or without a substitution element, lithium vanadium composite oxide, lithium and metal, for example,
  • the negative electrode active material which consists of an alloy with tin, aluminum, antimony, etc. is included.
  • a carbon material as a raw material, natural graphite, a composite carbonaceous material obtained by forming a film on natural graphite by a dry CVD method or a wet spray method, a resin material such as epoxy or phenol, or a pitch-based material obtained from petroleum or coal Examples thereof include artificial graphite and non-graphitizable carbon material produced by firing.
  • the above materials may be contained singly or in combination of two or more as the negative electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode active material in the negative electrode undergoes insertion / extraction reaction or conversion reaction of lithium ions during the charge / discharge process.
  • a polypropylene separator is used as the separator used between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • a microporous film or non-woven fabric made of polyolefin such as polyethylene can be used.
  • the spare battery A is disconnected from the assembled battery 300, and the state determining batteries B1 and B2 are included in the unit cell group constituting the assembled battery 300.
  • the switches S1 and S2 are connected to the state determination battery B1 side, and the switches S3 and S4 are connected to the state determination battery B2 side.
  • the switches S7 and S8 are connected to the spare battery A side.
  • the assembled battery 300 including the state determination batteries B1 and B2 is used for original power supply and regeneration.
  • the spare battery A is paused, adjusted to an arbitrary voltage using the charge / discharge device 400 as necessary, or charged / discharged by a predetermined procedure necessary for determining the deterioration state.
  • the switches S5 and S6 are not connected to either the state determination battery B1 side or the state determination battery B2 side.
  • the state determination battery B1 When determining the deterioration state of the state determination battery B1, the state determination battery B1 is disconnected from the assembled battery 300, and the spare battery A is incorporated in the assembled battery 300 instead.
  • the switches S1 and S2 are connected to the spare battery A
  • the switches S3 and S4 are connected to the state determination battery B2
  • the switches S5 and S6 are connected to the state determination battery B1.
  • the switches S7 and S8 are connected to the state determination battery B1 side.
  • the assembled battery 300 including the spare battery A and the state determination battery B2 is used for original power supply and regeneration.
  • the state determination battery B1 is charged / discharged by the charging / discharging device 400 in a predetermined procedure necessary for determining the deterioration state.
  • the state determination battery B2 is disconnected from the assembled battery 300, and the spare battery A is incorporated in the assembled battery 300 instead.
  • the switches S1 and S2 are connected to the state determination battery B1
  • the switches S3 and S4 are connected to the spare battery A
  • the switches S5 and S6 are connected to the state determination battery B2.
  • the switches S7 and S8 are connected to the state determination battery B2. The operation in this configuration is the same as that for determining the deterioration state of the state determination battery B1. The same applies to the case where there are three or more state determination batteries.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an operation in the state determination.
  • the battery module 500 In the initial state, the battery module 500 is normally connected, the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn are incorporated in the assembled battery 300, and the spare battery A is disconnected from the assembled battery 300.
  • the determination of the deterioration state of the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn is started by receiving a signal from the host system or reaching a predetermined time limit stored in the battery module 500.
  • the control unit of the assembled battery 300 determines the operating state of the assembled battery 300. At this time, for example, when the assembled battery 300 is subjected to irregular voltage fluctuations, such as when the automobile is running, and the state determination battery B1 constituting the assembled battery 300 cannot be switched to the spare battery A, the predetermined battery After waiting for the time, the operating state of the assembled battery 300 is determined again.
  • the voltage of the battery pack 300 does not fluctuate or is regular, such as when the automobile is stopped, for example, it is determined that the state determination battery B1 and the spare battery A can be switched, and the next step Proceed to Alternatively, when the assembled battery 300 is constantly exposed to irregular voltage fluctuations such as load level of natural energy, the operation of the entire assembled battery 300 is temporarily stopped in this step, and the state determination battery B1 and the spare battery A state where A can be switched may be forcibly created.
  • the voltage of the spare battery A is matched with the voltage of the state determination battery B1.
  • the charging / discharging device 400 is used for determining the voltage and state of the spare battery A before the connection between the state determination battery B1 and the charging / discharging device 400 and the connection between the spare battery A and the charging / discharging device 400 are switched. Control is performed so that the voltages of the battery B match. This is for suppressing the voltage fluctuation of the assembled battery 300 before and after switching the battery.
  • the voltage of the state determination battery B1 is determined by a method such as reading from a voltmeter connected to the state determination battery B1 or estimating from the voltage of the entire assembled battery 300.
  • the reserve battery A is charged / discharged using the state determination charging / discharging device 400 to match the voltage of the state determination battery B1.
  • the voltage change of the state determination battery Bi is predicted so that the voltages of the state determination battery B1 and the standby battery A match.
  • the spare battery A is charged / discharged.
  • the switch is operated to switch between the spare battery A and the state determination battery Bi.
  • the spare battery A functions as a single battery constituting the assembled battery 300, and the state determination battery B1 is separated from the assembled battery.
  • the switch is operated to connect the state determination charging / discharging device 400 and the battery B1.
  • the state determination battery B1 is charged and discharged in a predetermined procedure to determine the deterioration state.
  • a determination procedure for example, there is a method in which a capacity obtained by discharging the state determination battery B1 from a predetermined upper limit voltage to a lower limit voltage with a predetermined current value is compared with a reference value.
  • the state determination in which the charging / discharging device 400 is disconnected from the assembled battery 300.
  • the state determination battery B1 at a predetermined open circuit voltage is charged / discharged at a predetermined current value for a predetermined time, and the internal resistance is obtained from the difference between the closed circuit voltage and the open circuit voltage, and compared with the reference value.
  • the state determination battery B ⁇ b> 1 is switched to the connection between the charging / discharging device 400 and the spare battery A, the state determination in which the charging / discharging device 400 is disconnected from the assembled battery 300.
  • the deterioration state of the state determination battery B1 is determined. . This can shorten the measurement time.
  • the individual charge / discharge characteristics of the positive electrode and the negative electrode constituting the state determination battery B1 may be referred to.
  • a discharge curve obtained by discharging the state determination battery B1 from a predetermined upper limit voltage to a lower limit voltage with a small current of 10 hours or less is used as the positive electrode Analyze based on the discharge curve of each negative electrode, estimate positive electrode capacity, negative electrode capacity, capacity balance between positive electrode and negative electrode, and compare with reference value, and positive electrode potential / negative electrode potential with respect to battery voltage
  • a method of analysis using a discharge curve is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
  • Information related to charging / discharging of the battery for state determination B1 separated from the assembled battery 300 and the deterioration state of the battery for state determination B1 obtained by the above-described determination procedure are either transmitted to the upper system or a secondary battery. It is recorded in the information holding mechanism 600 in the module 500.
  • the control unit of the assembled battery 300 determines the operating state of the assembled battery 300 including the spare battery A.
  • the operation state of the assembled battery 300 is determined again after waiting for a predetermined time. If there is no voltage variation of the assembled battery 300 or it is regular, it is determined that the state determination battery B1 and the spare battery A can be switched, and the process proceeds to the next step.
  • the assembled battery 300 is constantly exposed to irregular voltage fluctuations, the operation of the entire assembled battery 300 is temporarily stopped in this step, and a state in which the state determination battery B1 and the spare battery A can be switched is forcibly set. You may create it.
  • the voltage of the state determination battery B1 is matched with the voltage of the spare battery A.
  • the voltage of the spare battery A is determined by a method such as reading from a voltmeter connected to the spare battery A or estimating from the voltage of the entire assembled battery 300.
  • the state determination battery B1 is charged / discharged using the state determination charging / discharging device 400 to match the voltage of the spare battery A.
  • the standby battery A and the state determination battery B1 are switched by operating a switch.
  • the state determination battery B1 functions as a single battery constituting the assembled battery 300, and the spare battery A is separated from the assembled battery 300.
  • the switch is operated to connect the state determination charging / discharging device 400 to the spare battery A.
  • the process proceeds to determination of the state determination battery B2.
  • the operation for determining the deterioration state of the state determination battery B2 is the same as the operation for determining the deterioration state of the state determination battery B1.
  • the determination of the deterioration state is ended.
  • the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn constituting the assembled battery 300 in the battery module 500.
  • the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn are originally used in the assembled battery 300 by the spare battery A, so that the assembled battery 300 is used for original power supply / regeneration and the like. Can continue. Accordingly, it is possible to perform highly accurate deterioration determination that requires a long time on a daily basis, and update the deterioration state of the secondary battery more frequently than the conventional high-accuracy deterioration determination method. Thereby, control of the assembled battery 300 based on a state determination result becomes more suitable than before, and the assembled battery 300 can be made highly safe and have a long life.
  • the assembled battery 300 can be made highly safe and have a long life by control such as reducing the load on the unit cell that has deteriorated.
  • the battery module 500 including the assembled battery 300 configured by connecting the single battery group connected in series with the spare battery A as one has been described.
  • the configuration of the assembled battery 300 may be a battery group in which single battery groups connected in parallel are connected in series, or single batteries connected in series. A group may be sufficient and the cell connected in parallel may be sufficient.
  • the positions of the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn in the battery module 500 may be arbitrarily determined, but in general, the central portion of the battery module 500 is relatively high temperature and the peripheral portion is relatively low temperature.
  • the cells located at the center and the periphery of the battery module 500 are the state determination batteries B1, B2,. More desirably, it is desirable to select a plurality of single cells located on a diagonal line connecting the center and corner of the battery module 500.
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the battery module according to the present invention.
  • a battery group in which single cells are connected in parallel is connected in series to form an assembled battery.
  • the secondary battery module 500 includes an assembled battery 300 formed by connecting a plurality of unit cells including predetermined state determination batteries B1 and B2 in series and in parallel, a spare battery A, switches S1 to S8, The charging / discharging device 400 is included. Also in the assembled battery 300 having this configuration, the operation for determining the deterioration state of the state determination batteries B1 and B2 and the operation of the assembled battery being determined can be performed in exactly the same manner as in the first embodiment of the present invention. .
  • the voltage between adjacent batteries is leveled, so that the tolerance of deterioration variation between the batteries connected in parallel is greater than in the case of series connection. . Even when the state judgment battery and the spare battery are in different deterioration states, the effect of the effect can be taken on the batteries connected in parallel.
  • FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the battery module according to the present invention.
  • the battery module 500 includes the same number of spare batteries as the number of state determination batteries.
  • the secondary battery module includes an assembled battery 300, spare batteries A1, A2, and switches S1 to S4 formed by connecting a plurality of unit cells including predetermined state determination batteries B1, B2 in series and in parallel.
  • the charging / discharging device 400 is included.
  • the switches S1 and S2 have a function of switching the electrical connection between the state determination battery B1 and the spare battery A1. At the same time, it has a function of connecting the battery disconnected from the assembled battery 300 to the charging / discharging device 400 out of the spare battery A1 and the state determination battery B1.
  • the switches S3 and S4 have a function of switching the electrical connection between the state determination battery B2 and the spare battery A2. At the same time, the battery is provided with a function of connecting the battery disconnected from the assembled battery 300 to the charging / discharging device 400 among the spare battery A2 and the state determination battery B2.
  • the charging / discharging device 400 has a function of charging / discharging a plurality of single cells independently.
  • the spare batteries A 1 and A 2 are disconnected from the assembled battery 300, and the state determination batteries B 1 and B 2 are included in the unit cell group constituting the assembled battery 300.
  • the switches S1 and S2 connect the state determination battery B1 to the assembled battery 300
  • the spare battery A1 is connected to the charging / discharging device 400 side
  • the switches S3 and S4 connect the state determination battery B2 to the assembled battery 300.
  • the spare battery A2 is connected to the charge / discharge device 400 side.
  • the assembled battery 300 including the state determination batteries B1 and B2 is used for original power supply and regeneration.
  • the spare batteries A1 and A2 are paused, adjusted to an arbitrary voltage using the charge / discharge device 300 as necessary, and charged / discharged according to a predetermined procedure necessary for determining the deterioration state.
  • the state determination batteries B1 and B2 When determining the deterioration state of the state determination batteries B1 and B2, the state determination batteries B1 and B2 are disconnected from the assembled battery 300, and the spare batteries A1 and A2 are incorporated into the assembled battery 300 instead. .
  • the switches S1 and S2 connect the spare battery A1 to the assembled battery 300, and connect the state determination battery B1 to the charge / discharge device side 400.
  • the switches S3 and S4 connect the spare battery A2 to the assembled battery 300 and connect the state determination battery B2 to the charge / discharge device 400 side.
  • the assembled battery 300 including the spare batteries A1 and A2 is used for original power supply and regeneration.
  • the state determination batteries B ⁇ b> 1 and B ⁇ b> 2 are charged and discharged by the charging / discharging device 400 according to a predetermined procedure necessary for determining the deterioration state.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation in the state determination in the present embodiment.
  • n batteries B1, B2,..., Bn for state determination
  • n batteries B1, A2, for state determination
  • the battery module 500 In the initial state, the battery module 500 is normally connected, the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn are incorporated in the assembled battery, and the spare batteries A1, A2,. ing.
  • the determination of the deterioration state of the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn is started by receiving a signal from the host system or reaching a predetermined time limit stored in the battery module 500.
  • the control unit of the assembled battery 300 determines the operating state of the assembled battery 300. If the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn cannot be switched to the spare batteries A1, A2,..., An due to voltage fluctuations of the assembled battery 300, etc., after waiting for a predetermined time, Determine the operating state. When the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn and the spare batteries A1, A2,. When the assembled battery 300 is constantly exposed to irregular voltage fluctuations, the operation of the entire assembled battery 300 is temporarily stopped in this step, and the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn and the spare batteries A1, A2 ..., An may be forcibly created.
  • the voltages of the spare batteries A1, A2,..., An are matched with the voltages of the state determination batteries B1, B2,.
  • the standby batteries A1, A2,..., An and state determination batteries B1, B2, As a result, the spare batteries A 1, A 2,..., An function as a single battery constituting the assembled battery 300, and the state determination batteries B 1, B 2,.
  • the switch is operated to connect the charging / discharging device 400 and the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn.
  • the state determination charging / discharging device 400 is used to charge and discharge the state determination batteries B1, B2,.
  • a determination procedure for example, there is a method in which the capacity obtained by discharging the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn from a predetermined upper limit voltage to a lower limit voltage with a predetermined current value is compared with a reference value. Further, for example, the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn at a predetermined open circuit voltage are charged / discharged at a predetermined current value for a predetermined time, and the internal resistance is determined from the difference between the closed circuit voltage and the open circuit voltage. There is a method of obtaining and comparing with a reference value.
  • a state in which a discharge curve obtained by discharging the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn from a predetermined upper limit voltage to a lower limit voltage with a small constant current of 10 hours or less is stored in advance.
  • a method of analysis using a discharge curve is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
  • the control unit of the assembled battery 300 determines the operating state of the assembled battery 300 including the spare batteries A1, A2,.
  • the assembled battery 300 is subjected to irregular voltage fluctuations and the standby batteries A1, A2,..., An and the state determination batteries B1, B2,. Later, the operating state of the assembled battery 300 is determined again. If the voltage of the battery pack 300 does not change or is regular, it is determined that the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn and the spare batteries A1, A2,. Proceed to When the assembled battery 300 is always exposed to irregular voltage fluctuations, the operation of the entire assembled battery 300 is temporarily stopped in this step, and the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn and the spare batteries A, A2 ..., An may be forcibly created.
  • the voltages of the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn are matched with the voltages of the standby batteries A1, A2,.
  • the voltages of the spare batteries A1, A2,..., An are determined by a method such as reading from a voltmeter connected to the unit cell or estimating from the voltage of the entire assembled battery 300.
  • the state determination batteries B1, B2,..., Bn are charged / discharged using the state determination charging / discharging device 400 to match the voltages of the spare batteries A, A2,.
  • the standby batteries A1, A2,..., An and state determination batteries B1, B2, As a result, the state determination batteries B 1, B 2,..., Bn function as unit cells constituting the assembled battery 300, and the spare batteries A 1, A 2,.
  • the switch is operated to connect the state determination charging / discharging device 400 to the spare batteries A, A2,.
  • FIG. 6 shows an analysis of the discharge curve in the initial state of the unit cell included in the assembled battery produced by the inventor, the discharge curve after deterioration after operation for two years, and the respective discharge curves by the method of Patent Document 1.
  • the discharge curve of the obtained positive electrode and negative electrode is shown.
  • the remaining battery capacity, the positive electrode potential, and the negative electrode potential for the same battery voltage are different between the initial state and the deteriorated state.
  • FIG. 7 shows the change of the positive electrode potential with respect to the battery voltage of 3.9 V with respect to the operation days.
  • the positive electrode potential for the same battery voltage increases as the number of operating days increases.
  • the use of the positive electrode at a high potential is undesirable for the life and safety of the battery, and therefore it is necessary to grasp the positive electrode potential as accurately as possible when controlling the battery.
  • the deterioration state of the battery can be determined every two weeks.
  • the difference between the positive electrode potential assumed for control and the actual positive electrode potential can be suppressed to 0.008 V at the maximum as estimated from the change in the positive electrode potential in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows a discharge curve obtained by averaging the discharge curve of the assembled battery produced by the inventor per unit cell, the discharge curve of the state determination battery located in the periphery of the secondary battery module, and the secondary battery module.
  • the discharge curve of the battery for state determination located in a center part is shown.
  • the deterioration states of the individual cells in the secondary battery module are different.
  • the entire assembled battery is determined to be in a deteriorated state corresponding to the average discharge curve in FIG.
  • the state of each single cell can be determined.
  • Table 1 shows the positive electrode potential with respect to the battery voltage of 3.9 V for the average of the assembled batteries, the peripheral unit cells, and the central unit cells.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un module de batterie qui possède : un bloc-batterie ayant une pluralité de batteries secondaires connectées en série ou en parallèle ; un dispositif de charge/décharge pour charger/décharger le bloc-batterie ; et une ou plusieurs batteries auxiliaires. Une ou plusieurs batteries de détermination d'état sont prédéterminées parmi les batteries secondaires qui constituent le bloc-batterie, et le module de batterie secondaire possède un commutateur qui effectue une commutation sélective entre une connexion entre la batterie de détermination d'état et le dispositif de charge/décharge, et une connexion entre la batterie auxiliaire et le dispositif de charge/décharge. Le dispositif de charge/décharge commande indépendamment une charge/décharge de la batterie de détermination d'état à partir de la charge/décharge du bloc-batterie, ladite batterie de détermination d'état étant séparée du bloc-batterie au moyen du commutateur.
PCT/JP2014/055540 2014-03-05 2014-03-05 Module de batterie secondaire Ceased WO2015132891A1 (fr)

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WO2020101521A1 (fr) * 2018-11-15 2020-05-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et système de surveillance d'un état d'élément de batterie et d'un état de système de batterie sans interruption du fonctionnement d'un système de batterie
WO2021065443A1 (fr) * 2019-10-02 2021-04-08 株式会社日立製作所 Dispositif d'estimation d'état de batterie
CN112912747A (zh) * 2018-07-30 2021-06-04 日本汽车能源株式会社 电池状态推算装置和电池控制装置
CN112952939A (zh) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-11 阳光电源股份有限公司 一种串联电池组及其容量均衡方法
US11277012B2 (en) * 2019-04-04 2022-03-15 Yazaki Corporation Battery control unit and battery system
US20220238952A1 (en) * 2019-05-24 2022-07-28 Avl List Gmbh Battery device for a vehicle

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CN112912747A (zh) * 2018-07-30 2021-06-04 日本汽车能源株式会社 电池状态推算装置和电池控制装置
CN112912747B (zh) * 2018-07-30 2023-07-11 日本汽车能源株式会社 电池状态推算装置和电池控制装置
WO2020101521A1 (fr) * 2018-11-15 2020-05-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et système de surveillance d'un état d'élément de batterie et d'un état de système de batterie sans interruption du fonctionnement d'un système de batterie
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CN112952939B (zh) * 2021-02-08 2024-05-14 阳光电源股份有限公司 一种串联电池组及其容量均衡方法

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