WO2015163776A1 - Procédé de fabrication additive d'un objet 3d et dispositif pour fabrication additive d'un objet 3d - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication additive d'un objet 3d et dispositif pour fabrication additive d'un objet 3d Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015163776A1
WO2015163776A1 PCT/PL2015/000065 PL2015000065W WO2015163776A1 WO 2015163776 A1 WO2015163776 A1 WO 2015163776A1 PL 2015000065 W PL2015000065 W PL 2015000065W WO 2015163776 A1 WO2015163776 A1 WO 2015163776A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
head
color
printing head
additive manufacturing
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/PL2015/000065
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English (en)
Inventor
Tomasz PLUCIENNIK
Bronislaw CHMIELEWSKI
Maria Elżbieta FUNKIEWICZ
Jerzy Wojciech FUNKIEWICZ
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of WO2015163776A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015163776A1/fr
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Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing

Definitions

  • the present invention provides a method for additive manufacturing of a spatial 3D object and a device for additive manufacturing of a spatial 3D object, in particular for manufacturing of three-dimensional colored objects, where 3D manufacturing is effected by incremental method.
  • Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects in color is presently broadly used, and one of such uses involves faster design developing operations that make it possible to produce prototype elements by additive manufacturing thereof based on a digital model that is machine generated and stored.
  • This invention provides general improvements in a method and device for forming three-dimensional objects of a thermoplastic medium that undergoes temperature-induced softening or of a medium in a form of a paste of a semifluid consistence and capable to be transfer-molded, in particular in color, in a method of depositing successive layers by defining their shape in the object being built, comprising the use of techniques for manufacturing three- dimensional objects, where such objects may be formed faster, reliably and economically.
  • WO2005000592 a solution is known wherein an ink-jet head moves over a 3D object, adapting itself to its shape and printing color on selected segments. This makes it possible to print, for example, a model of mountains.
  • a 3D printer according to this solution doesn't allow to color undercuts. It works in the XYZ axes, which makes problematic or even impossible to color the walls with angles close to 90 degrees and larger.
  • the 3D printer according to this solution is used only to color ready-made objects.
  • the main object of the invention of this document is to provide a method and device by which a three-dimensional object may be created in short time and in a cost-effective manner.
  • the invention is particularly useful in manufacturing prototypes or models for individual products so that they may be formed and examined fast by the designers.
  • Products of complex shapes may be thus effectively and productively examined in the course of direct inspection when focusing at construction faults and by re-modeling.
  • the 3D object is being built from, at a controlled speed from a dispensing head from the substrate or base element in a preset pattern determined by the shape of the product.
  • the 3D object may be formed from a dispensed material from numerous layers that are cured and adhere to each other in order to form the product.
  • an operational tank accommodating a medium that is the material from which successive layers are to be formed.
  • the material is dispensed from a head that is preheated to obtain a semifluid consistence if the material is thermoplastic. After a successive layer is formed, the thermoplastic material is cured under ambient temperature.
  • material having a paste consistence is extruded of a nozzle of a device, in order to form another layer.
  • the paste may have diverse properties and suitably to the intended use it may be cured, after a layer of the 3D object being built is deposited, by varied methods.
  • a spatial 3D object is formed by means of consecutive layers formed "from the bottom", where these layers are defined by a digital form obtained in a computer system during design work on the spatial model.
  • thermoplastic material or in a form of a paste in suitable color.
  • formed model may be painted outside, after it is removed from the device, in another technological method.
  • the object of the invention is a method for additive manufacturing of a spatial 3D object, where consecutive layers are formed by depositing a layer of a material on a model base at positions that correspond to a cross-section of the 3D object for such layer.
  • a layer of a material on a model base at positions that correspond to a cross-section of the 3D object for such layer.
  • a subsequent layer is formed upon movement of the 3D object being built along with the model base by a level corresponding to the thickness of the layer being formed.
  • On thus formed layer color is applied.
  • consecutive layers are formed by depositing a layer of thermoplastic material.
  • thermoplastic material in a form of a wire is fed from a reel that constitutes a tank of material deposited.
  • consecutive layers are formed by depositing a layer of a material in a form of a paste.
  • thermoplastic material in a form of a paste is taken from a tank of material being deposited.
  • consecutive layers are formed by extrusion of the material.
  • such extruded material is given a desired absorbing capacity and porosity.
  • color is applied on a formed layer by means of an ink head.
  • color is applied by means of an ink head that comprises cartridges with the CMYK palette.
  • color applied by means of an ink head (10) is a UV-curable ink.
  • color is applied solely onto selected segments of a layer.
  • a layer priming agents are coated.
  • consecutive layers are formed by the method of depositing melt material FFF (fused filament fabrication).
  • the process of additive manufacturing of a spatial 3D object is carried out under control of a computer program.
  • Another object of the invention is a device for incremental additive manufacturing of a spatial 3D object, comprising a frame, a tank with material to be fed, seated in the frame, a head for dispensing a layer of material and seated on guides, a model base movable vertically by an elevating system.
  • a printing head is seated in the frame, on upper guides a printing head is seated.
  • the printing head is provided with at least one cartridge that comprises a coloring agent.
  • the printing head is a thermal head.
  • the printing head (10) is a piezoelectric head.
  • the printing head is a memjet-type head.
  • the printing head is arranged on a carriage seated in the frame of the device and the carriage is arranged movably on lower guides.
  • the device is provided with a parking station for the printing head.
  • the parking station for the printing head is provided with a cleaning liquid sprinkler for the printing head and with a container for the used cleaning liquid and ink.
  • Fig. 1 shows a device for additive manufacturing of a 3D object in a perspective view from one side of the model base
  • Fig. 2 shows a device for additive manufacturing of a 3D object in a perspective view from the other side of the model base
  • Fig. 3 shows a device for additive manufacturing of a 3D object in a perspective view from one side of the material tank
  • Fig. 4 shows a device for additive manufacturing of a 3D object in a perspective view from the other side from the side of the material tank
  • Fig. 5 shows a segment of a device in a perspective view, illustrating the time when a layer is being formed by a head
  • Fig. 1 shows a device for additive manufacturing of a 3D object in a perspective view from one side of the model base
  • Fig. 2 shows a device for additive manufacturing of a 3D object in a perspective view from the other side of the model base
  • Fig. 3 shows a device for additive manufacturing of a 3D object in a perspective view from one side of the
  • FIG. 6 shows a segment of a device in a perspective view, illustrating the time when color is applied by a printing head on a formed layer
  • Fig. 7 shows a segment of a device in a perspective view, showing the time when color is applied by a printing head on a next formed layer where also preceding formed layers are also visible.
  • a base of a device 1 for additive manufacturing of a spatial 3D object is constituted by a body in a form of a spatial frame 2 made of metal shaped sections.
  • a tank 3 is arranged for a material to be used for building a 3D object in a method consisting on applying consecutive layers.
  • the tank 3 is a reel on which thermoplastic material in a form of a wire is wound, where the material softens at elevated temperatures and becomes plastic. The thermoplastic material, upon deactivation of elevated temperatures solidifies again.
  • a model base 5 is placed on which a 3D model is built from the thermoplastic material fed from the tank 3, by forming its consecutive layers.
  • the model base 5 is seated in an elevating system 6 which is composed of a transmission assembly with worm guides coupled with a step motor.
  • the elevating system 6 is intended to elevate and lower the model base during building consecutive layers of the 3D object that correspond to respective cross-sections of the model. These cross-sections may be recorded in an electronic form for a respective layer of the 3D object stored in a computer control system for the device 1 inside the tank 3 for the thermoplastic material.
  • the elevating system thus has to enable very precise, and what is more important, by a very small pitch of even below 0, 1 mm, movement of the model base and the 3D object being built thereon.
  • the frame 2 of the device 1 is provided with lower guides 8 placed at two opposite sides of the device 1.
  • a carriage 9 is seated that is movable along these sides of the device 1 with lower guides 8.
  • the carriage 9, the ends of which move on lower guides 8, is equipped with upper guides 7, perpendicular to the lower guides 8.
  • an extruder 12 is movable which is constituted by an extruding head with a heating circuit (not shown).
  • the thermoplastic material 4 is fed in a form of a wire.
  • the thermoplastic material is fed to the extruder 12 from a tank 3 which in this embodiment is a roll on which the thermoplastic material 4 in a form of a wire is wound.
  • a printing head 10 is movable provided with cartridges 1 1 comprising a coloring agent in different colors.
  • cartridges 1 1 comprising a coloring agent in different colors.
  • its surface may be given a special structure, for example porous texture, so as to enable penetration of the coloring agent from the cartridges 11 of the coloring head 10 inside the structure of the thermoplastic material 4 so as to obtain a specific visual effect.
  • the printing head 10 comprises four cartridges 11 with coloring agent in varied colors which enables obtaining a very broad set of colors available for printing as a result of combining colors from different cartridges.
  • Unused printing head 10 is retained in a parking station 13 that may be provided with means for cleaning the heads (not shown) and with a container for accessories used.
  • the extruder forms on the model base 5 consecutive layers w n of the 3D object being built.
  • a batch of thermoplastic material 4 is extruded in a form of a wire which has been preheated to its softening point.
  • a layer w n of a required shape corresponding to the cross-section of the 3D object is deposited in a form of thin strips of a specific thickness that may be equal to or greater than 0.1 mm.
  • the printing head 10 from the cartridge 11 applies the coloring agent onto the desired areas of the layer W
  • This step of forming a 3D object is shown in Fig. 6.
  • Color does not have to be applied on the entire layer w n , and it can solely affect solely selected segments.
  • color is applied by means of a printing head 10 which is constituted by an ink head with cartridges 11.
  • the printing head 10 is an ink head of a thermal type, but it may be another kind of head, for example a piezoelectric head or some other head.
  • Fig. 7 shows several layers whyroid arranged suitably to cross-sections of the 3D object, where it may be seen that on the consecutive layers w n color is applied in a varied way than in the preceding layers.
  • the layer may be coated before and for this purpose the device 1 has to be equipped with an application to enable such operations, not shown in the drawing.
  • Printing head 10 comprises four cartridges 11 with a coloring agent in varied colors which enables obtaining a very broad set of available printable colors as a result of suitable combining colors from various cartridges.
  • Device 1 for additive manufacturing of a spatial 3D object in this embodiment, is controlled by a computer system where a digital form of the 3D object being built is stored.
  • the computer program controls thus substantially operation of all the assemblies of the device 1, and in particular the positioning of the model base 5, the thickness of the material layer being deposited, the movement of the printing head 10 and the deposition of color thereby, as well as the process of cleaning of the printing head 10 in the parking station 13.
  • elevating system 6 shown in this embodiment may be substituted by another solution to fulfill the same functions, as for example a solution with a scissors mechanism.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication additive d'un objet 3D et un dispositif pour fabrication additive d'un objet 3D et, en particulier, d'objets tridimensionnels colorés. L'invention concerne, donc, un procédé de fabrication additive d'un objet 3D, dans le cadre duquel des couches consécutives sont formées, par dépôt d'une couche de matériau sur une base de modèle aux endroits correspondant à la section transversale de l'objet 3D pour une telle couche. La couche ainsi obtenue est durcie, et la couche suivante est formée sur celle-ci suite au déplacement de l'objet 3D en cours de fabrication en même temps que de la base du modèle sur une distance correspondant à l'épaisseur de la couche formée. Une couleur est appliquée sur la couche formée. L'invention concerne également un dispositif (1) pour fabrication additive d'un objet 3D comprenant un châssis (2), un réservoir (3) disposé dans le châssis et contenant un matériau (4) devant servir à l'alimentation du dispositif, une tête (12) de distribution d'une couche de matériau (4) disposée sur des guides (7), ainsi qu'une base de modèle (5) pouvant être déplacée verticalement par un système élévateur (6). Une tête d'impression (10) est disposée dans le châssis (2) sur des guides supérieurs (7).
PCT/PL2015/000065 2014-04-24 2015-04-23 Procédé de fabrication additive d'un objet 3d et dispositif pour fabrication additive d'un objet 3d Ceased WO2015163776A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL407996A PL407996A1 (pl) 2014-04-24 2014-04-24 Sposób drukowania przestrzennego obiektu 3D i urządzenie do drukowania przestrzennego obiektu 3D
PLP407996 2014-04-24

Publications (1)

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WO2015163776A1 true WO2015163776A1 (fr) 2015-10-29

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PL (1) PL407996A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015163776A1 (fr)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9950516B1 (en) 2017-01-05 2018-04-24 Xyzprinting, Inc. Method of slicing and printing multi-colour 3D object
KR20180046333A (ko) * 2016-10-27 2018-05-08 엑스와이지프린팅, 인크. 컬러 입체 인쇄 장치
EP3323593A1 (fr) * 2016-11-22 2018-05-23 XYZprinting, Inc. Procédé d'impression d'objet coloré par imprimante 3d
US20180186090A1 (en) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-05 Xyzprinting, Inc. Method for compensating color of colored 3d object
EP3346690A1 (fr) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-11 XYZprinting, Inc. Procédé de découpage et d'impression d'objet 3d multicolore
EP3345741A1 (fr) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-11 XYZprinting, Inc. Appareil d'impression tridimensionnelle et son procédé de coloration par jet d'encre
EP3345763A1 (fr) * 2017-01-06 2018-07-11 XYZprinting, Inc. Procédé et système d'impression en trois dimensions
EP3346688A1 (fr) * 2017-01-06 2018-07-11 XYZprinting, Inc. Procédé de découpage et d'impression de modèle 3d en couleur
KR20180080960A (ko) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-13 엑스와이지프린팅, 인크. 컬러 3d 오브젝트의 착색 범위 보상 방법
US10052813B2 (en) 2016-03-28 2018-08-21 Arevo, Inc. Method for additive manufacturing using filament shaping
JP2018187923A (ja) * 2017-04-28 2018-11-29 三緯國際立體列印科技股▲ふん▼有限公司ＸＹＺｐｒｉｎｔｉｎｇ， Ｉｎｃ． カラー３ｄプリンティング方法及び３ｄプリンティング機器
EP3567841A1 (fr) * 2018-05-08 2019-11-13 XYZprinting, Inc. Procédé et imprimante en trois dimensions en couleur
KR20200004929A (ko) * 2017-04-20 2020-01-15 엑스와이지프린팅, 인크. 입체 인쇄 장치
US10800095B2 (en) 2016-06-01 2020-10-13 Arevo, Inc. Localized heating to improve interlayer bonding in 3D printing
US11338502B2 (en) 2017-05-22 2022-05-24 Arevo, Inc. Methods and systems for three-dimensional printing of composite objects
CN115139520A (zh) * 2021-03-29 2022-10-04 碳塑科技股份有限公司 增材制造系统以及增材制造方法
US11911958B2 (en) 2017-05-04 2024-02-27 Stratasys, Inc. Method and apparatus for additive manufacturing with preheat

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Cited By (57)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10052813B2 (en) 2016-03-28 2018-08-21 Arevo, Inc. Method for additive manufacturing using filament shaping
US10703042B2 (en) 2016-03-28 2020-07-07 Arevo, Inc. Systems for additive manufacturing using feedstock shaping
US11207825B2 (en) 2016-06-01 2021-12-28 Arevo, Inc Localized heating to improve interlayer bonding in 3D printing
US11207824B2 (en) 2016-06-01 2021-12-28 Arevo, Inc. Localized heating to improve interlayer bonding in 3D printing
US10843403B2 (en) 2016-06-01 2020-11-24 Arevo, Inc. Localized heating to improve interlayer bonding in 3D printing
US10800095B2 (en) 2016-06-01 2020-10-13 Arevo, Inc. Localized heating to improve interlayer bonding in 3D printing
KR20180046333A (ko) * 2016-10-27 2018-05-08 엑스와이지프린팅, 인크. 컬러 입체 인쇄 장치
JP2018069718A (ja) * 2016-10-27 2018-05-10 三緯國際立體列印科技股▲ふん▼有限公司ＸＹＺｐｒｉｎｔｉｎｇ， Ｉｎｃ． カラー立体印刷機構
KR102140961B1 (ko) * 2016-10-27 2020-08-05 엑스와이지프린팅, 인크. 컬러 입체 인쇄 장치
EP3323593A1 (fr) * 2016-11-22 2018-05-23 XYZprinting, Inc. Procédé d'impression d'objet coloré par imprimante 3d
US10429821B2 (en) 2016-11-22 2019-10-01 Xyzprinting, Inc. Method for printing colored object of 3D printer
EP3427922A1 (fr) * 2016-11-22 2019-01-16 XYZprinting, Inc. Procédé d'impression d'objet coloré par imprimante 3d
TWI674965B (zh) * 2017-01-05 2019-10-21 三緯國際立體列印科技股份有限公司 多色3d物件的切層列印方法
US10596801B2 (en) 2017-01-05 2020-03-24 Xyzprinting, Inc. Three-dimensional printing apparatus and inkjet coloring method thereof
CN108274737A (zh) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-13 三纬国际立体列印科技股份有限公司 立体打印装置与其喷墨着色方法
KR20180080956A (ko) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-13 엑스와이지프린팅, 인크. 컬러 3d 오브젝트의 슬라이싱 인쇄 방법
KR20180080957A (ko) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-13 엑스와이지프린팅, 인크. 컬러 3d 오브젝트의 슬라이싱 인쇄 방법
KR20180080960A (ko) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-13 엑스와이지프린팅, 인크. 컬러 3d 오브젝트의 착색 범위 보상 방법
US20180186090A1 (en) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-05 Xyzprinting, Inc. Method for compensating color of colored 3d object
CN108274740A (zh) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-13 三纬国际立体列印科技股份有限公司 彩色3d物件的颜色补偿方法
CN108274748A (zh) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-13 三纬国际立体列印科技股份有限公司 多色3d物件的切层打印方法
EP3346690A1 (fr) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-11 XYZprinting, Inc. Procédé de découpage et d'impression d'objet 3d multicolore
TWI711531B (zh) * 2017-01-05 2020-12-01 三緯國際立體列印科技股份有限公司 立體列印裝置與其噴墨著色方法
EP3345741A1 (fr) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-11 XYZprinting, Inc. Appareil d'impression tridimensionnelle et son procédé de coloration par jet d'encre
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KR102160982B1 (ko) 2017-01-05 2020-10-05 엑스와이지프린팅, 인크. 컬러 3d 오브젝트의 슬라이싱 인쇄 방법
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