WO2015176763A1 - Capteur solaire souple pourvu d'une structure en couches collée - Google Patents

Capteur solaire souple pourvu d'une structure en couches collée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015176763A1
WO2015176763A1 PCT/EP2014/060609 EP2014060609W WO2015176763A1 WO 2015176763 A1 WO2015176763 A1 WO 2015176763A1 EP 2014060609 W EP2014060609 W EP 2014060609W WO 2015176763 A1 WO2015176763 A1 WO 2015176763A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar collector
adhesive film
collector according
polyvinyl acetal
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2014/060609
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sebastian Messner
Alma Dorantes
Lasse Eisele
Anna Fokerman
Rainer Schwarz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kuraray Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
Kuraray Europe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kuraray Europe GmbH filed Critical Kuraray Europe GmbH
Priority to PCT/EP2014/060609 priority Critical patent/WO2015176763A1/fr
Publication of WO2015176763A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015176763A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
    • F24S10/501—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits of plastic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
    • F24S10/502—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits formed by paired plates and internal partition means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
    • F24S10/503—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits formed by paired plates, only one of which is plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S2080/01—Selection of particular materials
    • F24S2080/015—Plastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to solar collectors that are flexible constructed of layers interconnected with one or more polyvinyl butyral adhesive sheets.
  • Solar collectors or solar thermal systems are used to convert sunlight into heat energy. This is usually done via plate-shaped collectors, incident on the sunlight and the resulting heat is dissipated by means of a liquid heat carrier.
  • the generated (heat) energy can be z. B. for heating buildings or for heating domestic water.
  • solar collectors In contrast to photovoltaic modules, solar collectors generate primarily thermal and no electrical energy.
  • Object of the present invention was therefore to provide solar collectors available that can be flexibly adapted to the geometry of the installation surface, have sufficient intrinsic stability and are good to recylen. This is achieved by a low module depth and the use of recyclable adhesive layers.
  • the present invention therefore relates to solar collectors containing the layers a) Front cover b) front adhesive film c) heat distribution layer d) heat transfer layer e) rear adhesive film f) insulation layer g) rear cover wherein as the front b) and / or rear adhesive film e) a film containing polyvinyl acetal is used.
  • the heat distribution layer c) can also be connected to the heat transfer layer d) and / or the insulation layer f) to the back cover g) via adhesive films c ') and f') each containing polyvinyl acetal.
  • Films made of or based on polyvinyl acetal have a very high adhesive strength and give the modules according to the invention a good intrinsic stability.
  • modules of this embodiment need on the side surfaces no protection by profiles or frames z.b. made of metals such as aluminum or steel.
  • modules are designed flat, i. have a two-dimensional surface, which limits their possible uses.
  • the high intrinsic stability makes it possible to produce modules with a three-dimensional surface.
  • the production of modules with a three-dimensional surface takes place as the production of conventional modules, wherein the components have the required three-dimensional surface and are glued together with the films of polyvinyl acetal with each other.
  • the adhesive films of the invention based on or based on polyvinyl acetal have a softening temperature of 100 to 240 ° C, preferably between 120 and 200 ° C and therefore can be thermally separated from the other components of the module. This allows the recycling of the components, but at least the sorted separation of the materials from which the modules / components were made.
  • Adhesive films applicable.
  • the adhesive films may in this case have the same or a different composition or thickness.
  • polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in water and acetalized with one or more aldehydes of 2-10 carbon atoms (e.g., valeraldehyde, (n or iso) butyraldehyde, acetaldehyde or propionaldehyde) with the addition of an acid catalyst.
  • aldehydes of 2-10 carbon atoms e.g., valeraldehyde, (n or iso) butyraldehyde, acetaldehyde or propionaldehyde
  • polyvinyl acetal which is acetalated as polyvinyl acetal with butyraldehyde is preferred, i. Polyvinyl butyrals used.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol content of the polyvinyl acetal can be adjusted by the amount of aldehyde used in the acetalization.
  • the polyvinyl acetal based films preferably contain uncrosslinked polyvinyl butyral (PVB), which is obtained by acid catalyzed acetalization of polyvinyl alcohol with butyraldehyde.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • crosslinked polyvinyl acetals especially crosslinked polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is also possible.
  • Suitable crosslinked polyvinyl acetals are e.g. in EP 1527107 B1 and WO 2004/063231 A1 (thermal self-crosslinking of polyvinyl acetals containing carboxyl groups), EP 1606325 A1 (polyvinyl acetals crosslinked with polyaldehydes) and WO 03/020776 A1 (polyvinyl acetals crosslinked with glyoxylic acid).
  • EP 1527107 B1 and WO 2004/063231 A1 thermal self-crosslinking of polyvinyl acetals containing carboxyl groups
  • EP 1606325 A1 polyvinyl acetals crosslinked with polyaldehydes
  • WO 03/020776 A1 polyvinyl acetals crosslinked with glyoxylic acid
  • terpolymers of hydrolyzed vinyl acetate / ethylene copolymers can also be used as the polyvinyl alcohol. These compounds are typically hydrolyzed to greater than 98 mole percent and contain from 1 to 10 weight percent ethylene based units (e.g., "Exceval" type from Kuraray Europe GmbH).
  • the polyvinyl alcohol used can also be hydrolyzed copolymers of vinyl acetate and at least one further ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
  • polyvinyl alcohols can be used in the context of the present invention purely or as a mixture of polyvinyl alcohols with different degree of polymerization or degree of hydrolysis.
  • polyvinyl acetals also contain units resulting from vinyl acetate and vinyl alcohol.
  • the polyvinyl acetals used according to the invention have a polyvinyl alcohol content of 12-24% by weight, preferably 14-23% by weight, preferably 16-22% by weight, preferably 17-21% by weight and in particular 18-20% by weight. on.
  • the polyvinyl acetate content of the polyvinyl acetal used according to the invention is preferably less than 5% by weight, less than 3% by weight or less than 1% by weight, more preferably less than 0.75% by weight, very preferably less than 0.5% by weight and in particular less than zero , 25% by weight.
  • the degree of acetalization can be determined by calculation.
  • mixtures or films according to the invention may additionally contain further additives, such as, for example, antistatics, fillers, IR-absorbing nanoparticles (for example so-called cesium tungsten bronzes, CTB) or chromophores, dyes, surface-active substances, bleaches, stabilizers, acid / base buffers , Chelating agents, epoxy group-containing compounds, pigments and adhesion regulators.
  • additives such as, for example, antistatics, fillers, IR-absorbing nanoparticles (for example so-called cesium tungsten bronzes, CTB) or chromophores, dyes, surface-active substances, bleaches, stabilizers, acid / base buffers , Chelating agents, epoxy group-containing compounds, pigments and adhesion regulators.
  • the adhesive films containing polyvinyl acetal used according to the invention may have a thickness of 0.03 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.1 to 1 mm.
  • Polyvinyl acetal films have a high adhesive strength and can be used in the laminating method known to the person skilled in the art or else by hot pressing for the bonding of various materials.
  • the high heat load of the solar collectors also places high demands on the flow or creep of the adhesive films of polyvinyl acetal. It has proved to be expedient if the polyvinyl acetal films used according to the invention have a softening point of at least ⁇ 140 ° C.
  • the polyvinyl acetal films used may contain plasticizers or be used without plasticizers.
  • the adhesive films b) and e), and optionally the adhesive films c ') and / or f') may consist of a mixture of polyvinyl acetal with 10 to 45 wt.% Of at least one plasticizer.
  • the films have a total plasticizer content, i. the proportion of all plasticizers in the film in the range of 12-36% by weight, 14-32% by weight, 16-30% by weight, in particular 20-28% by weight.
  • DOS di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate
  • DOA di-2-ethylhexyl adipate
  • DHA dihexyl adipate
  • DBS dibutyl sebacate
  • triethylene glycol bis are very suitable as plasticizers for the adhesive films used according to the invention n-heptanoate (3G7), tetraethylene glycol bis-n-heptanoate (4G7), triethylene glycol bis-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO or 3G8), tetraethylene glycol bis-n-2-ethylhexanoate (4GO or 4G8), Di 2-butoxyethyl adipate (DBEA), di-2-butoxyethoxyethyl adipate (DBEEA), di-2-butoxyethyl sebacate (DBES), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DOP), di-isononyl
  • DBEA di-2-butoxy
  • the films used can be made of polyvinyl acetal plasticizer-free or almost plasticizer-free.
  • the front and / or rear adhesive film b) or e) and optionally the adhesive films c ') and / or f') may contain not more than 10% by weight, preferably not more than 5% by weight of at least one plasticizer.
  • the front and / or rear adhesive film b) or e) and optionally the adhesive films c ') and / or f') may have the same or a different composition.
  • the front b) and / or rear adhesive film e) has an IR absorber material.
  • an IR absorber material for this u.a. Carbon black or titanium dioxide can be used.
  • the heat distribution layer c) of the solar collector according to the invention serves to convert the incident sunlight into heat and to distribute it over the entire surface of the solar collector.
  • films consisting of a metal with high thermal conductivity such. Aluminum, copper, silver, titanium, chromium, zinc, iron (steel), nickel in a thickness of 0.01 to 2 mm. These films are glued to the front cover by means of the front adhesive foil b).
  • the heat distribution layer c) is bonded to the heat transfer layer d).
  • the heat transfer layer d) may in particular be a plate-shaped metal layer in a thickness of 0.5 to 10 mm consisting of a metal with high thermal conductivity, such as e.g. Aluminum, copper, silver, titanium, chromium, zinc, iron (steel), be nickel, are introduced into the channels for the circulation of a liquid heat carrier.
  • the channels have a depth and width adapted to the thickness of the material and can be traversed in whole or in part sequentially or in parallel by means of a heat transfer medium.
  • the heat distribution layer c) and the heat transfer layer d) can be connected by means of adhesive film c ')
  • heat carrier in particular known from the automotive field ethylene glycol / water mixture or known from industrial applications heat transfer oils such. B. Marlotherm used.
  • the liquid heat carrier can either be pumped through the collector or else the passive circulation, which is generated by a temperature gradient, is preferred.
  • the solar collector according to the invention has an insulation layer f), which may be formed from the usual insulating materials such as foamed polyurethane or foamed polystyrene, but also based on said polyvinyl acetals.
  • insulation layer f may be formed from the usual insulating materials such as foamed polyurethane or foamed polystyrene, but also based on said polyvinyl acetals.
  • insulating materials such as foamed polyurethane or foamed polystyrene, but also based on said polyvinyl acetals.
  • precipitated or fumed silica can be used as insulation material.
  • thicknesses of 1 to 50 mm have proven sufficient as insulation layer.
  • a heat distribution layer identical to layer c) can be provided between the heat carrier layer and the insulation layer, which gives the solar collector according to the invention a higher mechanical stability and a more uniform heat utilization.
  • This heat distribution layer can also be bonded to the adjacent layers by means of
  • the rear cover g) connects, which ensures the mechanical protection of the solar collector to the installation side.
  • the bonding of the insulation layer f) with the rear cover g) can be done via adhesive film f ').
  • the front cover a) and rear cover g) may be made of PET, polyethylene, glass or polymethyl methacrylate and optionally transparent to sunlight.
  • the thickness of the material is based on the requirements for mechanical stress due to environmental influences, such as hailstorm, and can otherwise be made as thin as mechanically possible.
  • solar collectors according to the invention can be designed with a small total thickness of approximately 15 to 50 mm and have a low basis weight of 15 to 30 kg / m 2 . Solar collectors of this type are therefore particularly used as a roof or for integration into building facades.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structure of the solar collector according to the invention, wherein the layer thicknesses are to be understood as indicative.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un capteur solaire comprenant les couches suivantes : a) une couche de recouvrement antérieure, b) une feuille adhésive avant, c) une couche de distribution thermique, d) une couche caloporteuse, e) une feuille adhésive arrière, f) une couche isolante, g) une couche de recouvrement postérieure. La feuille adhésive avant b) et/ou arrière e) se présente sous la forme d'une feuille renfermant du polyacétal de vinyle.
PCT/EP2014/060609 2014-05-23 2014-05-23 Capteur solaire souple pourvu d'une structure en couches collée Ceased WO2015176763A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2014/060609 WO2015176763A1 (fr) 2014-05-23 2014-05-23 Capteur solaire souple pourvu d'une structure en couches collée

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2014/060609 WO2015176763A1 (fr) 2014-05-23 2014-05-23 Capteur solaire souple pourvu d'une structure en couches collée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015176763A1 true WO2015176763A1 (fr) 2015-11-26

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2014/060609 Ceased WO2015176763A1 (fr) 2014-05-23 2014-05-23 Capteur solaire souple pourvu d'une structure en couches collée

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109297201A (zh) * 2018-10-18 2019-02-01 苏州昆仑绿建木结构科技股份有限公司 一种建筑施工现场用平板式太阳能集热器

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1953829A1 (fr) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-06 Kuraray Europe GmbH Procédé de fabrication de modules solaires selon le procédé de lamination avec un rouleau
EP2354716A1 (fr) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-10 Kuraray Europe GmbH Miroir pour centrales solaires contenant des feuilles de polyvinylacétal contenant du plastifiant

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1953829A1 (fr) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-06 Kuraray Europe GmbH Procédé de fabrication de modules solaires selon le procédé de lamination avec un rouleau
EP2354716A1 (fr) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-10 Kuraray Europe GmbH Miroir pour centrales solaires contenant des feuilles de polyvinylacétal contenant du plastifiant

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109297201A (zh) * 2018-10-18 2019-02-01 苏州昆仑绿建木结构科技股份有限公司 一种建筑施工现场用平板式太阳能集热器

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