WO2015185261A1 - Moteur électrique comprenant un condensateur à plaque tournante servant à dévier des courants parasites hf - Google Patents

Moteur électrique comprenant un condensateur à plaque tournante servant à dévier des courants parasites hf Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015185261A1
WO2015185261A1 PCT/EP2015/058688 EP2015058688W WO2015185261A1 WO 2015185261 A1 WO2015185261 A1 WO 2015185261A1 EP 2015058688 W EP2015058688 W EP 2015058688W WO 2015185261 A1 WO2015185261 A1 WO 2015185261A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
disc
rotor
machine according
gap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2015/058688
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dennis BURGER
Shinichiro Nishizawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2015185261A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015185261A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/40—Structural association with grounding devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/161—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical machine, in particular an example, pulse inverter-driven electric machine in which high-frequency (RF) interference currents occur in a rotor.
  • RF radio frequency
  • Electric machines are used as motors or generators for a variety of purposes.
  • electric machines are used in electric or hybrid vehicles as a motor for driving or as a generator for Rekuper Schl kinetic energy. Electric machines are also used for other, especially industrial purposes.
  • Electrical machines are usually powered by an inverter. Especially when using pulse inverters can steep
  • Voltage edges occur and induce high-frequency interference currents within a rotor of the electrical machine.
  • the interference currents can typically occur in a frequency range of 10 kHz to 20 MHz. Such interference currents will flow outside the electrical machine and may interfere with adjacent electrical or electronic systems. These interference currents (common mode) should therefore be derived from the rotor, for example, to the electric machine housing serving as the electrical ground.
  • Automotive sector are to be used and should therefore be operated within a wide temperature range of, for example, -40 ° C to +120 ° C, problems arise in that a lubricating effect of the grease used in the highly conductive ball bearing can subside and it can lead to bearing damage, for example , When using multiple carbon brushes can result in an unavoidable wear and thus necessary replacement of the carbon brushes considerable costs.
  • carbon fibers to dissipate the RF interference currents, it has been observed that a parasitic effect can decrease at high frequencies above 500 kHz.
  • Interference currents which may occur within the rotor, can be dissipated to the surrounding housing.
  • the interference currents can thereby be dissipated to the surrounding housing.
  • an electric machine configured to:
  • the housing surrounds the stator and the rotor.
  • the rotor is rotatable relative to the stator. In the center of the rotor is the
  • the electrical machine is characterized in that a disc made of an electrically conductive material is arranged on the rotor shaft in a region projecting beyond the rotor.
  • the disc is dimensioned in this case and arranged so close to an opposite surface of the housing, that via a
  • Gap between the disc and the housing high-frequency electrical Interference currents that occur within the rotor can be transferred capacitively.
  • Measures for deriving high-frequency interference currents in an electrical machine can be associated with different disadvantages.
  • These conventional approaches have in common that an electrical discharge of the interference currents is achieved via a mechanical contact between parts of the rotor and parts of the surrounding housing.
  • a mechanical contact can lead to wear and / or disadvantages in the storage of the rotor, for example due to unavoidable friction occurring.
  • the interference currents in electrical machines typically have high frequencies above 10 kHz, in particular they can also be transmitted capacitively.
  • the rotor disk is held on the rotor shaft or coupled therewith, so that it can rotate with the rotor during operation of the electric machine.
  • This disk can form part of a capacitor, by means of which the electrical currents transmitted to the rotor via the rotor shaft can be capacitively transmitted to the adjacent housing.
  • the disc and the opposite surface of the housing can act much like a plate capacitor.
  • the interference currents occurring in the rotor can lead to a temporary shift of electrical charges towards the disk or out of the disk, charges accumulated in the disk due to the small distance between them the disc and the opposite surface of the housing in the
  • Housing in turn can lead to a charge shift, so that it can effectively come across the lying between the disc and the housing gap across a high-frequency electric current. Since the disc arranged on the rotor shaft can rotate together with the rotor during the operation of the electric machine, in this context it is also referred to as a rotary disc capacitor.
  • the disk In order to be able to sufficiently dissipate interference currents from the rotor, it can be particularly advantageous to dimension the disk in such a way and to arrange it close to an opposite surface of the housing and a medium within the gap between the disk and the disk
  • parameters that affect the capacitance of the variable capacitor formed between the disc and the housing may be suitably selected so that the variable capacitor has a capacitance of at least 1 nF, preferably at least 5 nF.
  • These parameters include, but are not limited to, the size of the surface of the disk facing a corresponding surface of the housing with only a small gap therebetween.
  • Plate capacitor takes the capacity of the thus formed
  • Rotary disc condenser with the surface of the disc too.
  • the pane such that its
  • Cross-sectional area is greater than the cross-sectional area of the rotor shaft.
  • Diameter of the disc be greater than half the diameter of the rotor.
  • the disc may be with two or more
  • Rotary capacitor increases. Suitable high capacities for sufficient dissipation of interference currents can be obtained if the width of the gap is less than 4 mm, preferably less than 2 mm, and more preferably less than 1 mm.
  • the gap should not be less than 0.1 mm, preferably not smaller than 0.3 mm.
  • variable capacitor is also influenced by the medium, that is, the material which is located within the gap between the disc and the opposite housing surface.
  • an electrically insulating material must be arranged within the gap.
  • a layer of a dielectric For example, within the gap, a layer of a dielectric
  • the dielectric material may be a solid material.
  • the dielectric material may have a permittivity that is substantially greater than the permittivity of gases, especially air.
  • a liquid dielectric material may be disposed within the gap.
  • a water-based dielectric can be used.
  • the gap may preferably be completely filled with dielectric material, thus maximizing a capacity of the variable capacitor, on the other hand, friction losses may occur between the capacitor rotating disk and the stationary housing wall are minimized.
  • a liquid dielectric material may be, for example, a water-based cooling medium of the electric machine or, alternatively, also, for example, windscreen wiper water in a motor vehicle.
  • Water-based dielectric can typically have a very high relative
  • Dielectric constant of between 50 and 100 have.
  • an inlet and an outlet for supplying and discharging the liquid dielectric material may be provided in the housing of the electric machine, an inlet and an outlet for supplying and discharging the liquid dielectric material. Further, suitable seals may be provided between the shaft and the housing.
  • Dielectric constant is greater than 5, preferably more than 25, have.
  • the dielectric material may be a ceramic material or a polymeric material, which typically has permittivity numbers in the range 5 to 10.
  • the dielectric material may also be diamond, ruby,
  • Germanium or the like which typically have permittivity numbers in the range of 10 to 20.
  • the dielectric material may also be provided as paper impregnated with glycerol (eg, structural formula C 3 H 8 0 3 ), which typically has a permittivity number of about 30 and may entail the advantage of low cost.
  • the dielectric material may also be provided as oxidized metal, which may typically have permittivity numbers in the range of 30 to 60.
  • the layer of dielectric material may substantially, for example, more than 50% or more than 80%, but preferably not complete, ie less than 99% or less than 95% of the gap between the disc and the opposite surface of the housing. fill out.
  • a predominant portion of the gap may be filled with the dielectric layer, but it should preferably continue to remain only with gas, in particular air, filled residual gap between the rotatable disc and the stationary surface of the housing, so that the disc during operation of the electric Machine can rotate largely frictionless.
  • the described embodiments of an electrical machine may be particularly advantageous for electrical machines which are designed to be operated by means of a pulse-controlled inverter.
  • Such electrical machines are often used e.g. designed as synchronous machines for use in electric or hybrid vehicles.
  • the electric machine is operated via the modern pulse-controlled inverter with a high voltage of, for example, 200 to 600 V at a clock frequency of 10 to 30 kHz and a slope of 100 to 200 ns.
  • the high clocked high voltage can couple to the rotor shaft and generate high frequency noise currents, which can have frequencies in the range of 10 kHz to 30 MHz.
  • Such interference currents can, if they are not short (low resistance) are derived against the engine housing (mass), a vehicle electronics such as electronics in a controller or a radio significantly disturb.
  • Figure 1 shows in cross section an electric machine according to a
  • FIG. 2 shows a frequency behavior of interference currents within an electrical machine (rotating rotor).
  • FIG. 3 shows details of an electrical machine according to another
  • Embodiment of the present invention with liquid dielectric Embodiment of the present invention with liquid dielectric.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical machine 1 according to one embodiment of the invention
  • the electric machine 1 has a stator 3, a rotor 5, a rotor shaft 7 and a housing 9.
  • the stator 3 is fixedly connected to the housing 9, wherein the housing 9 surrounds both the stator 3 and the rotor 5.
  • the housing 9 is formed in two parts in the example shown with a housing pot 13 and a lid 15 which can be screwed to an end face of the electric machine 1 to the housing pot 13.
  • the housing 9, in particular its lid 15, consist of an electrically conductive material, preferably of metal.
  • the rotor 5 is composed of a laminated core 1 1 and magnets 32, in whose
  • Speed sensor a speed or a current angular orientation of the rotor 5 is determined and used for example to control the electric machine 1.
  • a disc 21 is arranged made of an electrically conductive material.
  • the disk 21 is formed for example as a metal, thin circular disk and is electrically galvanic with the
  • the disc 21 has Typically, for example, if the entire rotor 5 has a diameter of several centimeters, for example about 10 cm, the diameter of the disc 21 may be selected to be similarly large, for example in FIG range from 5 to 15 cm. The disc 21 can only do less
  • Millimeters for example, between 1 mm and 20 mm thick.
  • the disc 21 is formed and arranged on the rotor shaft 7, that only a narrow gap 25 remains between this disc 21 and an opposite surface 23 of the lid 15 of the housing 9.
  • Gap may have a width of less than 4 mm, preferably even less than 1 mm. Due to the small spacing of the disk 21 to the opposite surface 23 of the housing 9, there is a significant capacitive coupling between these two electrically conductive
  • the housing 9 can thus act as a turntable condenser and capacitively couple the standing with the disc 21 in electrical connection rotor shaft 7 with the housing 9, which in turn is grounded via a ground 29.
  • a layer 27 of a dielectric material may be provided within the gap 25.
  • This layer can, for example, with a small thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm, for example, on the inside of the lid 15 of the
  • a dielectric layer may also be formed on a surface of the disk 21 directed toward the inside of the housing.
  • the layer 27 may be made of, for example, ceramic or of a paper impregnated with glycerin oil.
  • a liquid dielectric material may be provided to the capacity of the disc 21 and the opposite
  • Case surface formed to increase rotary capacitor The liquid dielectric material may be supplied via inlets and outlets (not shown) to and be removed and continuously replaced or circulated during operation, for example, to avoid local overheating.
  • inwardly projecting projections 31 may be provided on the housing 9, in particular on the cover 15, in a region radially adjacent to the disk 21
  • projections 31 may be formed as a circular ring and enclose the disc 21 annular radially outside, so that also here only a narrow gap remains. Also, this narrow gap may be at least partially filled with a dielectric material.
  • the turntable capacitor formed thereby capacitance values of significantly more than 1 nF, preferably in the range of about 10 nF, have.
  • the rotor shaft 7 can be capacitively coupled to the grounded housing 9 via the turntable capacitor of sufficient capacity.
  • High-frequency interference currents which are generated during operation of the electric machine 1 in the rotor 5 and transmitted to the rotor shaft 7, can thus be derived to the housing 9.
  • Voltage Noise UR (English: noise voltage) as a function of the frequency v generated high frequency noise.
  • Turning disk capacitor takes place on the housing 9 and, for example, a capacity of this turntable capacitor is greater than 1 nF, preferably even greater than 5 nF. For capacities of more than 5 nF is a remaining voltage noise only slightly higher than one
  • FIG. 3 shows details of an electrical machine 1 according to another
  • a disc 21 is provided on the rotor shaft 7.
  • the disc 21 is designed in two parts in this case, i. consists of two partial discs 20, 22, which are held together by means of screw 37. Between the part discs 20, 22 is an air pocket 24. Around the disc 21 is around a
  • Electrode 33 is provided which is electrically connected to the housing 9 of the machine 1 to ground 39.
  • the electrode 33 surrounds the disk 21 such that a gap 25 is formed between it and the disk 21.
  • a dielectric of liquid material 26 is filled in this gap 25, for example a water-based dielectric.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un moteur électrique pour lequel des courants parasites à haute fréquence, tels qu'ils peuvent être générés par exemple lors d'une commande effectuée au moyen d'un onduleur à impulsions, sont déviés de manière avantageuse. Le moteur électrique (1) comprend un stator (3), un rotor (5), un arbre (7) de rotor ainsi qu'un carter (9). Une plaque (21) faite d'un matériau électroconducteur est disposée sur l'arbre (7) de rotor dans une zone (19) faisant saillie du rotor (5). Cette plaque est dimensionnée et disposée à proximité d'une surface (23) opposée du carter (9) de telle manière que des courants parasites électriques à haute fréquence peuvent être transférés par l'intermédiaire d'une fente (25) située entre la plaque (21) et le carter (9) de la même façon qu'avec un condensateur à plaque tournante. Des courants parasites dans une plage de fréquence allant de 10 kHz à 30 MHz peuvent être déviés de cette manière sans frottement et donc sans usure.
PCT/EP2015/058688 2014-06-04 2015-04-22 Moteur électrique comprenant un condensateur à plaque tournante servant à dévier des courants parasites hf Ceased WO2015185261A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014210538.2 2014-06-04
DE102014210538.2A DE102014210538A1 (de) 2014-06-04 2014-06-04 Elektrische Maschine mit Drehscheibenkondensator zur Ableitung von HF-Störströmen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015185261A1 true WO2015185261A1 (fr) 2015-12-10

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PCT/EP2015/058688 Ceased WO2015185261A1 (fr) 2014-06-04 2015-04-22 Moteur électrique comprenant un condensateur à plaque tournante servant à dévier des courants parasites hf

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DE (1) DE102014210538A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015185261A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018196925A1 (fr) * 2017-04-27 2018-11-01 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Dérivation capacitive permettant de réduire les tensions électriques d'arbre ou les tensions électriques de palier

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017111826A1 (de) * 2017-05-30 2018-12-06 Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung von schädlichen Lagerspannungen
DE102017218865A1 (de) 2017-10-23 2019-04-25 Audi Ag Elektrische Maschine und Kraftfahrzeug
DE102017130647A1 (de) 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung von schädlichen Lagerspannungen
DE102023118781A1 (de) * 2023-07-14 2025-01-16 Kaco Gmbh + Co. Kg Kapazitätserhöhungsvorrichtung für einen elektromechanischen Wandler
WO2025016938A1 (fr) * 2023-07-14 2025-01-23 Kaco Gmbh + Co. Kg Dispositif d'augmentation de capacité pour convertisseur électromécanique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000152564A (ja) * 1998-11-09 2000-05-30 Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd 回転機のベアリング電流低減装置
US20030057783A1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2003-03-27 Melfi Michael J. System and method of reducing bearing voltage
US20100171269A1 (en) * 2009-01-08 2010-07-08 Man Turbo Ag Monitoring of a Sealing Arrangement, Particularly of a Gas Compressor or Gas Expander
US20100253158A1 (en) * 2007-06-25 2010-10-07 Panasonic Corporation Electric motor, and electric device having the motor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000152564A (ja) * 1998-11-09 2000-05-30 Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd 回転機のベアリング電流低減装置
US20030057783A1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2003-03-27 Melfi Michael J. System and method of reducing bearing voltage
US20100253158A1 (en) * 2007-06-25 2010-10-07 Panasonic Corporation Electric motor, and electric device having the motor
US20100171269A1 (en) * 2009-01-08 2010-07-08 Man Turbo Ag Monitoring of a Sealing Arrangement, Particularly of a Gas Compressor or Gas Expander

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018196925A1 (fr) * 2017-04-27 2018-11-01 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Dérivation capacitive permettant de réduire les tensions électriques d'arbre ou les tensions électriques de palier

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Publication number Publication date
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