WO2015189687A1 - Dispositif intégré pour calculer la fréquence cardiaque et l'activité corporelle avec précision - Google Patents

Dispositif intégré pour calculer la fréquence cardiaque et l'activité corporelle avec précision Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015189687A1
WO2015189687A1 PCT/IB2015/000928 IB2015000928W WO2015189687A1 WO 2015189687 A1 WO2015189687 A1 WO 2015189687A1 IB 2015000928 W IB2015000928 W IB 2015000928W WO 2015189687 A1 WO2015189687 A1 WO 2015189687A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ear
user
heart rate
rate
physical activity
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Ceased
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PCT/IB2015/000928
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English (en)
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Bhairav SHANKAR
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/024Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
    • A61B5/02416Measuring pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/0205Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1118Determining activity level
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6814Head
    • A61B5/6815Ear
    • A61B5/6816Ear lobe

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ear based fitness and lifestyle device designed to suit people with varied activity levels and lifestyles by trying to provide them information on their quality of life and further to engage and inspire them to be more wellness conscious, by consciously and gradually altering their lifestyle by aiding them where possible.
  • Heart rate is typically calculated using an ECG, pressure sensors near arteries or veins or by the use of pulse oximeters.
  • US5513642 entitled “Reflectance sensor system” disclosed a form of reflected pulse oximeter, where the sensors were placed on the same plane as the light-emitting source, improved the earlier system. This would allow for a much smaller oxygen saturation and heart rate calculating device, and would avoid the need for clips.
  • This patent formed the basis of many others that followed; including US20100113948 entitled “Heart Rate Measurement” which describes a device that calculated one's heart rate from around the ear.
  • This patent also improves upon the earlier patents by detecting dark signal which may be derived during an off phase of a duty cycle of an emitter and a photoplethysmogram system arranged to select between a plurality of detectors, which would mitigate motion artefacts, thereby making the heart rate monitor more mobile.
  • US20120078119 titled “Method and apparatus for robust heart rate sensing” discloses fitness devices, which integrates both heart rate and physical activity sensing from the ear wherein the innovators place an optical heart rate sensing module and an accelerometer within an ear cuff.
  • An ear cuff is designed by the innovators to ensure a stable hold of the device, even during much physical movement due to exercise.
  • these add-ons to the device not only increase the discomfort to the user, who has to tightly secure the device, but also increase battery consumption by adding additional sensors onto the device.
  • the device also varies the gain of the amplifiers based on the pressure applied when the cuff is clipped to the ear.
  • a device that: is discrete, accurate, comfortable to the user constantly, when he is exercising, relaxing or engaged in some other work; measures important parameters while ensuring a long battery life.
  • the innovation must also work seamlessly, whereby it must function despite the surrounding of the user.
  • This device has to be intelligent enough to use these vital sign data, to aid and inform the user, so that he may enhance his fitness and wellbeing. Therefore, there is a need not only for a fitness device, but one that alters the user's lifestyle to a more fitness oriented one.
  • the device is designed to provide greater accuracy in its heart rate and accelerometer calculation.
  • the device primarily consists of an accelerometer and a heart rate monitor within a miniature device placed over the ear thereby ensuring the discrete usage of the device. Such placement over the ear is done by the use of magnets, which would ensure minimal user interaction, and no mechanically moving elements in the design.
  • the usefulness of not using mechanical parts allows the entire device to be completely enclosed within a plastic enclosure, as the main means of charging would be through wireless induction charging, making the device completely waterproof.
  • the device is further supported by gesture control, wireless communication and has an inbuilt memory.
  • the device as mentioned comprises of an accelerometer and a heart rate monitor, which is enclosed within a miniature device that is placed over the ear.
  • the device includes a microcontroller, a vibrator and a wireless networking module, which allows it to communicate with other devices, such as smart phones, computers, etc.
  • the invention is designed to extract heart rate using reflected photoplethysmography from behind the ear. The means of measuring this is done by the use of infrared (IR) LEDs and photodiodes. The portion of the IR light behind the LEDs, which is transferred through the skin of ear into the capillaries within it, is absorbed or reflected by oxygenated or deoxygenated blood respectively.
  • IR infrared
  • This absorption and reflection of light can be measured by the use of an IR photodiode, which is placed on the same side as IR LEDs, and hence allows the device to determine the frequency at which the heart is pumping blood to the capillaries, thereby determining the heart rate.
  • the IR LEDs which is not within the visible spectrum, allows the device to be unnoticeable top the external observer, thereby providing a greater amount of discretion.
  • the same LED and photodiode set-up also differentiates on the rate of oxygenation and deoxygenation, thereby indicative of the body's breathing rate. As the oxygen saturation increases steadily during an inhalation, and reduces steadily with exhalation, it is possible to decipher the respiration rate too from this data. By applying a low-pass digital filter below 0.7 Hz, it's possible to extrapolate respiration rate.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the internal components of the ear based device of the system such as shell, battery, PCB board, vibrator, magnets and an induction coil;
  • Figure 2 shows the means by which the device is mounted on the ear firmly and flexibly in detail
  • Figure 3A shows the data of noise-free heart rate graph as acquired from the ear;
  • Figure 3B shows the data of respiration rate extrapolated;
  • Figure 3C shows the data that is further filtered to a low pass frequency of 0.7 Hz to obtain a clean trace.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the monitoring of the posture of the user
  • Figure 5 illustrates the communication between the device and the charging dock, so that the user may understand whether the device is charged or charging.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the internal components of the ear based device which is covered by plastic shell (101,103) and creatively uses space by placing the battery (104) at a perpendicular angle to the PCB board (105).
  • the PCB board comprises of an accelerometer, heart rate monitor, microcontroller, wireless communication module among others.
  • a vibrator (106), magnet (107) and an induction coil (108) are placed beside one another to reduce the size of the design.
  • the front plastic cover (101) has a cut out/marking (102), which will either be made of a transparent material or be affixed with a transparent material, so as to allow the LED and Photodiode to acquire the information from the ear.
  • Figure 2 highlights the means by which the device is affixed onto the ear (109).
  • the body contains a magnet (107), the same body is also fixed to a flexible material (111), which contains another magnet (110). The magnetic force between the magnets will ensure the device is placed on the ear.
  • the use of magnets is a novel step in the design of the innovation, as it ensures a stable and constant contact between the ear and the device; additionally as the head and hence the ear, experiences minimal reverberations during walking or running, (as compared to any other body part) due to the torso and the abdomen acting as shock absorbers, the device experiences very minimal motion artifacts, and hence ensure that the signal that is received has much lesser noise than if it's placed elsewhere.
  • the magnets placed on the ear also ensure that the device doesn't succumb to motion due to its own weight, and ensure minimal movement of the device.
  • the heart rate sensor is reflective, i.e. the sensors are placed on the same side of the ear, placing the magnet directly opposing them on the other side of the ear, also reduces the noise that may interfere due to ambient infra-red light.
  • magnets have a long life, and do not alter the functionality of the device, as well as ensure that there are no mechanical parts on the device. This combination of placing the innovation on the ear using magnets will ensure the lowest noise possible during most form of high physical activity. While magnets have been used for the purposes of jewelry (US 3034320), it is for the first time used for the purposes of a medical health monitoring device.
  • the invention is designed to extract heart rate using reflected pulse plethysmography from behind the ear.
  • the means of measuring this is done by the use of infrared (IR) LEDs and photodiodes.
  • IR infrared
  • This absorption and reflection of light can be measured by the use of an IR photodiode, which is placed on the same side as IR LEDs, and hence allows the device to determine the frequency at which the heart is pumping blood to the capillaries, thereby determining the heart rate.
  • the IR LEDs which is not within the visible spectrum, allows the device to be unnoticeable top the external observer, thereby providing a greater amount of discretion.
  • the same LED and photodiode set-up also differentiates on the rate of oxygenation and deoxygenation, thereby indicative of the body's breathing rate. As the oxygen saturation increases steadily during an inhalation, and reduces steadily with exhalation, it is possible to decipher the respiration rate too from this data. By applying a low-pass digital filter below 0.7 Hz, it's possible to extrapolate respiration rate.
  • Figure 3A shows the data that is acquired form the ear, where a noise free heart rate graph is noticed, which allows for extrapolation of respiration data as shown in Figure 3B, which can be further filtered to a low pass frequency of 0.7 Hz to obtain a clean trace as shown in Figure 3C.
  • Respiration rate or the breathing rate may be co-related to multiple health and wellness information, including Stress onset, sleep onset, Apnea, and Asthma. Respiration rate information is also useful in the determination of certain exercises, such as Yoga, which relies heavily on breathing, and ensuring that the user breathes constantly. Hence a device that measures both heart rate and breathing rate, can aid the user by informing them about their performance in such exercises.
  • Physical activity and pedometer calculations can be acquired from the accelerometer placed around the ear. This forms the most optimal position to ascertain the physical activity of the user as the ear moves in tandem with the head, and the head moves in tandem with the whole body. Placement on the ear, removes much of the body movement noise, and focuses on the force acting on the head due to normal human gait, as the body behaves as a shock absorber for the neck, the head and the ear.
  • the accelerometer placed on the ear may also determine head movement (like moving up and down and tilting sideways) which can be characterized in technical terms as pitch and roll angle rotation respectively as shown in Figure 4.
  • the information hence gathered from the pitch information may also provide information of the person's neck posture, thereby also providing information to the user to improve his/her sedentary state.
  • the device is able to determine proper posture (302), which maintains the angle of the head rotation to the normal axis (301 ), as well as poor or improper posture in terms of either concave neck and spine bend (304), which would make the ear's axis shift to the left of the normal axis (303) and poor convex posture (305) makes the ear's axis shift to the right of the normal axis (306),
  • the invention does not exist in isolation, but has the ability to connect and work in tandem with smart devices through the use of wireless communication, such as Bluetooth. Taking advantage of this communication, the device is able to determine more about the user's behavior and hence be of more assistance to the wellbeing of the user.
  • the GPS on the phone which is connected to the innovation, we can determine whether the means of travel of the user.
  • the speed of his travel, as well as his attention levels, that are interpolated through the means of heart rate variability and respiration rate allows the innovation to ensure that the user is active and alert, especially at moments when he's driving the vehicle. As almost 15% of all road accidents occur due to weariness or a lack of focus, the device will ensure the user is safe and secure even when he's behind the wheel.
  • the same communication may also aid the user in precarious situations.
  • HRV Heart Rate Variability
  • HRV and respiration rate can indicate the user's mood. This is helpful in terms of safety, especially for women.
  • HRV and respiration rate can indicate the user's mood. This is helpful in terms of safety, especially for women.
  • the innovation may then determine the state of panic in the user through HRV and respiration, and trigger an emergency call or SMS to all the user's emergency contacts, along with the information of the user's location through the paired communication device. This would allow help to reach the user, even if the user doesn't have the ability to call out for help.
  • the device is also built in with gesture control by the use of touch capacitive sensors in front of the ear as well as behind it, to allow continuous engagement with the user.
  • This gesture control (taps, double taps, flips, etc.) can be used to control the music player on the smart device and also trigger an emergency, whereby a beacon is sent to the emergency contacts to help in the case of trouble.
  • the information that will be relayed in case of an emergency, to the emergency contact will be the vital sign information of the user as well as location information, which can be granted from the smart device.
  • This wireless connectivity will also allow the user to be notified when his/her smart device is out of reach from the innovation.
  • the innovation which has an electronic vibrator built into it, will gently vibrate to alert the user that his/her smart device is out of reach or has disconnected.
  • the vibrator may be switched off by the use of a gesture.
  • the vibrator may also be used to inform the user of any alerts, such as medication reminder or an important phone call that is being received by the smart device. Additionally the vibrator may also be used to determine when the user has reached his exercise goal.
  • the device and the smart device is connected to calculate sleep as well as calorie expenditure, however the means of calculation is far different from the norm.
  • the calculation of sleep and calories by the device is not done by using the accelerometer alone (which only highlights the physical activity) but also by calculating the heart rate.
  • the device By integrating an algorithm within the device, which can calculate the rise of heart rate as well as the physical activity, the device will be able to calculate with a much higher accuracy.
  • the device will provide the smart phone with information with a much lower frequency, thereby preventing power consumption. And when the smart device is disconnected or is not connected to the device, it will store the information on an inbuilt memory, and once connected to the smart phone will provide the information to the smart phone for analysis and calculation. This will ensure that the device is functional and useful even without the smart device.
  • the device further provides personalized mannerisms to help an individual improve his activity levels based on their BMI (Body Mass Index) and Body Fat. Both professional athletes and laymen can also use the device for multi-dimensional purposes.
  • the device provides wireless connectivity (such as Bluetooth) such that the information collected by it can be transmitted to the mobile phones or other devices.
  • wireless connectivity such as Bluetooth
  • the innovation may then determine the body type of the user, and hence provide the correct work-out regiment to the user, thereby optimizing the user's exercise routine. This will allow for a much more individual goal setting than other devices, as it would allow people with a high BMI (e.g.
  • the innovation will be charged using wireless induction charging, through the means of a very small and low inductance coil. Doing so, reduces the efficiency of the power transfer, and hence communication through the induction coil becomes difficult.
  • an innovative technique of using an IR LED to communicate to the dock, of when the device is charging and when the device is full charged is devised as shown in Figure 5.
  • the dock on the other side has a photodiode that will placed at the correct position so as to ensure that the communication occurs.
  • the dock will have the LED indicator to indicate whether the device is charged or not.
  • the dock will have an input port for a USB cable.
  • the LED on the device (401) will indicate the charging level of the battery, and convey the information to the Photodiode on the dock (402). This photodiode will appropriately control the display unit (403), informing the user of the charging status of the innovation.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention consiste principalement à concevoir un dispositif compatible et nouveau (100) à facteur de forme réduit pour mesurer et surveiller les conditions biologiques d'un corps vivant et les communiquer au dispositif connecté à distance. Il surveille presque tous les facteurs cruciaux tels que fréquence cardiaque, comptage de calories, activité physique, sommeil, fatigue, posture, etc. Le dispositif comprend des composants qui sont confortablement emballés dans une coque en matière plastique séparée en deux lobes avec une paire d'aimants permanents permettant de positionner le dispositif plus fermement sur l'oreille. Les principaux composants du dispositif sont un moniteur de fréquence cardiaque, un accéléromètre, un microcontrôleur et un module de communication sans fil.
PCT/IB2015/000928 2014-06-13 2015-06-13 Dispositif intégré pour calculer la fréquence cardiaque et l'activité corporelle avec précision Ceased WO2015189687A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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IN2880/CHE/2014 2014-06-13
IN2880CH2014 2014-06-13

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WO2015189687A1 true WO2015189687A1 (fr) 2015-12-17

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU172831U1 (ru) * 2016-10-26 2017-07-26 Назип Мингалеевич Сунагатов Устройство контроля осанки
WO2017211081A1 (fr) * 2016-06-07 2017-12-14 加动健康科技(芜湖)有限公司 Appareil de mesure pour mesurer la consommation énergétique d'un individu, procédé de mesure et dispositif électronique
CN109008954A (zh) * 2018-05-30 2018-12-18 复旦大学 监测和收集婴儿喂食技能数据的集成装置
IT201700088613A1 (it) * 2017-08-01 2019-02-01 Glassup S R L Metodo e sistema di rilevamento posturale
WO2019220020A1 (fr) 2018-05-18 2019-11-21 Corle Oy Capteur corporel
CN116369885A (zh) * 2023-02-22 2023-07-04 西南交通大学 一种心率监测和激励装置
EP4120904A4 (fr) * 2020-03-18 2024-04-24 42 Health Sensor Holdings, Ltd. Dispositif de surveillance d'informations biométriques à capteur multiple

Citations (4)

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US20060084878A1 (en) * 2004-10-18 2006-04-20 Triage Wireless, Inc. Personal computer-based vital signs monitor
US20070100666A1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2007-05-03 Stivoric John M Devices and systems for contextual and physiological-based detection, monitoring, reporting, entertainment, and control of other devices
WO2008098346A1 (fr) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-21 Hongyue Luo Système de soins intelligent portable et de taille réduite
EP2094152A1 (fr) * 2006-12-19 2009-09-02 Valencell, Inc. Appareil télémétrique de surveillance de l'environnement et de la santé

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070100666A1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2007-05-03 Stivoric John M Devices and systems for contextual and physiological-based detection, monitoring, reporting, entertainment, and control of other devices
US20060084878A1 (en) * 2004-10-18 2006-04-20 Triage Wireless, Inc. Personal computer-based vital signs monitor
EP2094152A1 (fr) * 2006-12-19 2009-09-02 Valencell, Inc. Appareil télémétrique de surveillance de l'environnement et de la santé
WO2008098346A1 (fr) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-21 Hongyue Luo Système de soins intelligent portable et de taille réduite

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017211081A1 (fr) * 2016-06-07 2017-12-14 加动健康科技(芜湖)有限公司 Appareil de mesure pour mesurer la consommation énergétique d'un individu, procédé de mesure et dispositif électronique
RU172831U1 (ru) * 2016-10-26 2017-07-26 Назип Мингалеевич Сунагатов Устройство контроля осанки
IT201700088613A1 (it) * 2017-08-01 2019-02-01 Glassup S R L Metodo e sistema di rilevamento posturale
KR20210006947A (ko) * 2018-05-18 2021-01-19 코얼 오와이 바디 센서(body sensor)
WO2019220020A1 (fr) 2018-05-18 2019-11-21 Corle Oy Capteur corporel
CN112118788A (zh) * 2018-05-18 2020-12-22 科莱公司 身体传感器
US20210228101A1 (en) * 2018-05-18 2021-07-29 Corle Oy Body sensor
JP2021523813A (ja) * 2018-05-18 2021-09-09 コルレ・オサケユフティオCorle Oy ボディセンサ
JP7185024B2 (ja) 2018-05-18 2022-12-06 コルレ・オサケユフティオ ボディセンサ
KR102527556B1 (ko) * 2018-05-18 2023-05-03 코얼 오와이 바디 센서(body sensor)
CN112118788B (zh) * 2018-05-18 2024-12-24 科莱公司 身体传感器
CN109008954A (zh) * 2018-05-30 2018-12-18 复旦大学 监测和收集婴儿喂食技能数据的集成装置
EP4120904A4 (fr) * 2020-03-18 2024-04-24 42 Health Sensor Holdings, Ltd. Dispositif de surveillance d'informations biométriques à capteur multiple
CN116369885A (zh) * 2023-02-22 2023-07-04 西南交通大学 一种心率监测和激励装置

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