WO2015199643A1 - Procédé et appareil pour confiner et atténuer des détonations explosives - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour confiner et atténuer des détonations explosives Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2015199643A1
WO2015199643A1 PCT/US2014/043663 US2014043663W WO2015199643A1 WO 2015199643 A1 WO2015199643 A1 WO 2015199643A1 US 2014043663 W US2014043663 W US 2014043663W WO 2015199643 A1 WO2015199643 A1 WO 2015199643A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vessel
door
explosion
vent
shock
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2014/043663
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John L. Donovan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/US2014/043663 priority Critical patent/WO2015199643A1/fr
Publication of WO2015199643A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015199643A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
    • F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
    • F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
    • F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a transportable apparatus and method of operation for containing, controlling and suppressing explosive detonations, including the explosion surface hardening of impact-hardenable rail components.
  • Explosives have many useful industrial applications. These include surface hardening of austenitic manganese alloy steels, surface deposition coating, welding of metallic components, compression molding of components from powders and granular media, and disposal of unwanted explosive or toxic materials, among others.
  • the standard railroad track width is 56.5 inches (4' 8-1/2") and the largest rail cars commonly used to carry heavy bulky items such as paperboard, lumber and palletized loads commonly have an external width of about 10.5 feet, an external length of about from 55 to 93 feet, and a maximum load capacity of between 70 and 100 tons (140,000 to 200,000 pounds). Loads of up to 42 feet in length are easily accommodated. In special situations, wider load of as much as 12-1/2 feet can also be accommodated.
  • the standard rail section length in the United States is 60 feet (18.3 m). (See:
  • a particular design objective is to provide for such a transportable chamber having an empty weight (before the addition of shock-dampening wall filler material) of 110,000 lbs. or less.
  • An alternative object is to provide a method of construction by which the chamber can be manufactured from the assembly by welding of individual prefabricated components.
  • the invention is a transportable explosion chamber apparatus and method of operation, for containing, controlling and suppressing explosive detonations, including but not limited to the explosion surface hardening of impact-hardenable rail components.
  • the chamber itself is an elongate cylindrical steel containment vessel having an access door for introducing workpieces and a vent door for discharging explosion products. Both doors extend convexly into the vessel to facilitate the dissipation of explosion shock waves. Orificed vent pipes penetrate the vessel walls to controllably release explosion products into one or more exhaust manifolds.
  • the containment vessel is surrounded and enclosed by steel skins supported by spaced octagonal steel support ribs fabricated by welding from interlocking elements.
  • the hollows formed between the containment vessel and steel skins are filled with granular shock-damping silica sand which is introduced through filler openings at the top of the apparatus.
  • the shock-damping material may be drained through dump valves beneath the apparatus.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the chamber of the present invention, viewed from the front (entry door) end;
  • Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the chamber of the chamber taken in the plane 2-2 of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a cross sectional elevation of the chamber taken in the plane 3-3 of Fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross sectional elevation of the chamber taken in the plane 4-4 of Fig. 1 ;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view illustrating the front chamber closure bulkhead and inwardly-hinged charging door and the rear chamber hemispherical closure and inwardly-hinged vent door;
  • FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the front charging door showing its internal construction in partial phantom lines.
  • Fig. 7 is a detailed view of the rear vent door.
  • FIG. 1 this isometric perspective view shows the assembled chamber ready for the introduction of an explosive or explosive-covered workpiece. In use, it would be bolted down and supported by a reinforced concrete footing or foundation (not shown) in a conventional manner.
  • the chamber assembly 10 comprises a cylindrical inner containment vessel 11 having an inward-swinging charging door 21 and a hemispherical end closure 12.
  • the inner vessel 11 is preferably fabricated of sheet steel using conventional welding techniques.
  • the vessel 11 is supported and strengthened by multiple equally-spaced parallel octagonal stiffener plates or ribs 13.
  • the inner containment vessel 11 is 34 feet long, and is supported by 25 ribs 13 which are equally spaced at 16 inch intervals.
  • the assembled inner vessel 11 and surrounding ribs 13 are enclosed by an external enclosure formed of welded sheet steel skin plates 14.
  • Each stiffener plate or rib 13 is preferably fabricated from four symmetrical and mutually interlocking quadrants 15 which are sequentially welded together to surround and support the vessel 11 as the chamber assembly progresses.
  • Each quadrant 15 is provided with dovetail-like joining means 16 whereby each rib sub-assembly, comprising four interlocking elements, is substantially self-supporting, making the final welding process significantly easier and more accurate.
  • Each individual quadrant 15 is also provided with outward-facing lugs 17 which, after each group of four elements is welded together to form an individual rib 13, are enabled to engage a corresponding slot in its corresponding skin plate 14.
  • the vessel 11 is made of pre-formed elements of 3/4 inch welded steel plate.
  • the completed vessel is 7-1/2 feet in external diameter and 33 feet in overall length.
  • the skin plates of the present embodiment are made of 3/8 inch steel plate.
  • the forward end of the vessel 11 accepts a fabricated bulkhead 20 containing an inward-swinging charging door 21.
  • the vessel 11 terminates at its opposite end in a hemispherical closure 12, where a smaller two-foot diameter opening and inward-swinging vent door 22 serve to exhaust the explosion products after each detonation.
  • Spaced along the top of the chamber assembly are individual access openings 23, each being covered by a hinged lid.
  • the purpose of the openings is to allow the filling of the hollow spaces between the inner vessel 11 and external skin plates 14 with a granular shock-damping material such as silica sand in the manner taught by the inventor's prior patent US 5,613,453 (now US RE 36,912). If desired, a catwalk and safety railings 24 may be provided for inspection and access to the hollow spaces between the inner vessel 11 and skin plates 14.
  • a significant advantage of the chamber of the present invention is that it can be moved relatively easily for use at a new location.
  • the shock-absorbing material is first drained from the hollow walls by means of dump valves 25 (Fig. 3), after which the chamber assembly may be unbolted from the its footings and lifted back onto a suitable transport means for transport to a new location.
  • the forward bulkhead 20 which frames the charging door 11 is preferably fabricated from two parallel one-inch thick steel panels with a rear panel 26 welded to the front opening of the vessel 11 and joined to a front panel 27 panel by a plurality of inner struts 28, each of which is keyed to a corresponding slot in the front panel.
  • the result is a strong and relatively light structure, which can, if desired, also be filled with shock-absorbing material.
  • Another important feature of the improved chamber is the shape of the hemispherical end closure 12 of the vessel 11.
  • the hemispherical shape avoids as much as possible any acute interior corners or angles which, it has been found in practice, tend to focus and concentrate the impact of an explosive detonation within the chamber.
  • the fabricated forward bulkhead 20, like the ribs 13 is joined to the vessel 11 by welding.
  • the skin plates 14 are then attached by welding, the result being that the completed chamber assembly is a single monocoque (load-bearing skin) unit.
  • dump valves 25 permit the impact-deadening material to be readily jettisoned, which greatly lightens the chamber assembly for removal and transport.
  • the chamber floor 29 is preferably covered with a bed of granular shock-damping material (Fig. 3), preferably pea gravel, to a uniform depth of about one foot, thereby forming a support surface for a rail work piece to be hardened, together with its layer of surface-hardening explosive which, when detonated, hardens the metal surface as is well known in the rail-hardening art.
  • a suitable remotely operated ignition means (not shown) is provided to initiate each detonation in a conventional manner.
  • individual plastic bags containing measured quantities of water may be positioned along the length of the chamber in the manner taught by US 5,613,453 (now US RE 36,912) to further absorb and deaden the shock of the explosive detonation.
  • each exhaust manifold communicates with the inner vessel 11 through a plurality of throttled vent pipes 31 , each of which is fitted with a hardened steel orifice to control the rate of discharge of explosion products from detonations within the chamber.
  • each exhaust manifold is fitted with ten vent pipes 31 equally spaced along substantially the entire length of the inner vessel 11.
  • Each exhaust manifold 30 may desirably be provided with suitable duct and fan means (not shown) for exhausting explosion products to a scrubber, bag filter, or other exhaust treatment device (not shown).
  • the manifolds are 12 inches square and fabricated of 1/2 inch sheet steel.
  • the small vent door 22 is made of two-inch steel plate and hinged internally so as to close tightly against a corresponding door jamb at the rear of the vessel 11 so that a detonation pressure wave from within the vessel 11 causes the door to be pressed more tightly against the jamb, thus enhancing the seal until the pressure wave is dissipated through the throttle vent pipes 31 and exhaust manifolds 30.
  • Both the charging door and the exhaust door are internally hinged and inward- opening. In this way a detonation pressure wave from within the vessel 11 causes the door to be pressed more tightly against its frame.
  • the opening in the charging door bulkhead 20 is 60 inches high and 55 inches wide, permitting relatively easy entrance by personnel, or insertion of a rail workpiece by means of a forklift loader.
  • the charging door 11 itself is larger, swinging inwardly and providing a continuous peripheral overlap of the door frame of about 2-1/2 inches.
  • a peripheral seal may be provided, preferably of silicone rubber or a similar heat-resistant material (not shown).
  • the fabricated forward bulkhead 20 consists of two fabricated parallel octagonal frame members 32 spaced 16 inches apart, assembled from four interlocking pieces similar to the ribs 13.
  • Each frame member like the ribs 13, is of octagonal shape and formed of four interlocking segments, welded together.
  • the outermost door frame member is provided with spaced perforations or slots adapted to receive the cooperating tabs of a plurality of internal braces spaced around the periphery of the door opening, into which a rectangular frame liner is fitted.
  • the parallel frame members, internal braces and rectangular frame liner are preferably made of the same one inch sheet steel, and on assembly are welded together into a single charging door unit, which though hollow is exceedingly strong.
  • Openings may be provided at the top of the door unit though which a shock-absorbing material such as silica sand may be introduced.
  • the inward-opening charging door 21 is similarly fabricated from multiple pieces of sheet steel, with a beveled inward-facing surface in the shape of a truncated pyramid 33. The surfaces may be further protected by sheets of replaceable armor plate 34 if desired.
  • This truncated pyramidal shape like the hemispherical shape of the rear 11 of the vessel 11, serves to deflect direct blast pressures in a radial direction toward the walls of the vessel 11 and away from the door frame and internal hinges.
  • Both the charging door and exhaust door being hinged internally and directly exposed to each detonation, are of heavy construction, and the hinges may be armored as well.
  • the charging door in the illustrated embodiment is operated externally by means of a bell-crank pivot 35 or other suitable means, preferably power- actuated.
  • the inner faces of the charging door may be provided with sheets of replaceable armor plate for additional protection.
  • the charging door 21 can also be filled with a shock-absorbing material in the same manner as the hollow forward bulkhead 20.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une chambre d'explosion transportable et un procédé d'utilisation destinés à confiner, maîtriser et atténuer des détonations explosives, y compris le durcissement superficiel par explosion de composants de rails durcissables par impact. L'appareil comporte un récipient de confinement cylindrique allongé en acier doté d'une trappe d'accès servant à introduire des pièces et d'une trappe de ventilation servant à évacuer des produits d'explosion. Les deux trappes s'étendent de façon convexe vers l'intérieur du récipient pour faciliter la dissipation des ondes de choc d'explosion. Des conduits de ventilation munis d'orifices traversent les parois du récipient pour libérer de façon contrôlable des produits d'explosion dans un ou plusieurs collecteurs d'échappement. Le récipient est entouré et enveloppé par des revêtements en acier soutenus par des nervures porteuses octogonales espacées en acier, réalisées par soudage à partir d'éléments imbriqués. Les vides formés entre le récipient de confinement et les revêtements en acier sont remplis de sable siliceux granulaire amortissant les chocs, qui est introduit à travers des ouvertures de remplissage au sommet de l'appareil. Pour alléger l'appareil en vue d'un transport, le matériau amortissant les chocs peut être vidangé à travers des vannes de purge situées sous l'appareil.
PCT/US2014/043663 2014-06-23 2014-06-23 Procédé et appareil pour confiner et atténuer des détonations explosives Ceased WO2015199643A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2014/043663 WO2015199643A1 (fr) 2014-06-23 2014-06-23 Procédé et appareil pour confiner et atténuer des détonations explosives

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2014/043663 WO2015199643A1 (fr) 2014-06-23 2014-06-23 Procédé et appareil pour confiner et atténuer des détonations explosives

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015199643A1 true WO2015199643A1 (fr) 2015-12-30

Family

ID=54938564

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2014/043663 Ceased WO2015199643A1 (fr) 2014-06-23 2014-06-23 Procédé et appareil pour confiner et atténuer des détonations explosives

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2015199643A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6173662B1 (en) * 1995-12-29 2001-01-16 John L. Donovan Method and apparatus for containing and suppressing explosive detonations
US6881383B1 (en) * 2000-03-29 2005-04-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Explosive destruction system for disposal of chemical munitions
US20090044690A1 (en) * 2003-11-05 2009-02-19 Nabco, Inc. Sealed upscale total containment vessel
US20120312147A1 (en) * 2011-06-11 2012-12-13 American Innovations, Inc. Portable explosion containment chamber

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6173662B1 (en) * 1995-12-29 2001-01-16 John L. Donovan Method and apparatus for containing and suppressing explosive detonations
US6881383B1 (en) * 2000-03-29 2005-04-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Explosive destruction system for disposal of chemical munitions
US20090044690A1 (en) * 2003-11-05 2009-02-19 Nabco, Inc. Sealed upscale total containment vessel
US20120312147A1 (en) * 2011-06-11 2012-12-13 American Innovations, Inc. Portable explosion containment chamber

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9851192B2 (en) Method and apparatus for containing and suppressing explosive detonations
JP4353641B2 (ja) 爆薬の爆裂を封込め且つ抑制する方法及び装置
AU5864196A (en) Method and apparatus for containing and suppressing explosive detonations
US5392946A (en) Lid design for low level waste container
WO2016009427A1 (fr) Abri fait de conteneurs
JP2001507438A (ja) 爆薬の爆轟を封じ込め且つ抑制する方法及び装置
US9679669B2 (en) Storage and transportation method for low level radioactive mixed wastes
CN104081151A (zh) 用于处理爆炸性物品的防爆室
US5728967A (en) Suppressing explosions and installation
US7712405B2 (en) Variable containment vessel
EP2992974B1 (fr) Installation de mise en décharge définitive
JP3204045U (ja) 放射性物質を含む廃棄物の保管ボックス
WO2015199643A1 (fr) Procédé et appareil pour confiner et atténuer des détonations explosives
US10508464B2 (en) Structure of a facility for demining, investigating and testing of an explosive device
GB2387526A (en) A container system protected against explosive blasts and the like
RU2168107C1 (ru) Быстровозводимое устройство для локализации продуктов взрыва
CN223243489U (zh) 一种可拆卸重复使用的弹药爆炸销毁装置
US20080277603A1 (en) Shielded Containment System and Method of Operating the Same
JP2017067754A (ja) 原子炉建屋の解体工法
US20030126976A1 (en) Method and apparatus for shielding the interior walls of an explosion containment chamber
MXPA99008800A (en) Method and apparatus for containing and suppressing explosive detonations
MXPA01004797A (en) Method and apparatus for containing and suppressing explosive detonations
JP2021081122A (ja) 弾丸捕捉装置及び弾丸捕捉システム
JP2015098337A (ja) 保管容器及びこれを使用した汚染土の保管方法
CS221704B1 (sk) Přenosný sklad ropných látok

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14895662

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14895662

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1