WO2016016332A1 - Composant organique et procédé de fabrication d'un composant organique - Google Patents

Composant organique et procédé de fabrication d'un composant organique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016016332A1
WO2016016332A1 PCT/EP2015/067427 EP2015067427W WO2016016332A1 WO 2016016332 A1 WO2016016332 A1 WO 2016016332A1 EP 2015067427 W EP2015067427 W EP 2015067427W WO 2016016332 A1 WO2016016332 A1 WO 2016016332A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
organic
organic component
web
layer stack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2015/067427
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Wehlus
Daniel Riedel
Nina Riegel
Silke SCHARNER
Johannes Rosenberger
Arne FLEISSNER
Thorsten VEHOFF
Andrew Ingle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram Oled GmbH
Original Assignee
Osram Oled GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osram Oled GmbH filed Critical Osram Oled GmbH
Priority to DE112015003561.3T priority Critical patent/DE112015003561B4/de
Publication of WO2016016332A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016016332A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/81—Anodes
    • H10K50/814—Anodes combined with auxiliary electrodes, e.g. ITO layer combined with metal lines

Definitions

  • Another object to be achieved is to provide a method for producing such an organic component.
  • the organic component can be, for example, an organic optoelectronic element which is used for emission and / or detection of electromagnetic radiation
  • the organic component is an organic light-emitting diode.
  • Part of this includes an organic layer stack with a variety of organic functional layers and a top surface.
  • the multiplicity of organic functional layers comprises, in particular, an active area which is provided for the emission and / or for the detection of electromagnetic radiation.
  • the organic layer stack has a
  • Main extension plane in which he is in lateral Directions extends.
  • the organic compound Perpendicular to the main extension plane, in the vertical direction, the organic
  • Layer stack up a thickness.
  • the thickness of the organic layer stack is small against the maximum extent of the organic layer stack in a lateral direction.
  • a major plane of the organic layer stack forms the top surface of the organic layer stack.
  • This component further comprises at least one reflective electrode, which on the top surface of the organic compound
  • the reflective electrode is preferably reflective to that of the organic
  • Reflective here and hereinafter may mean that 90% or more, preferably 95% or more, of the organic
  • Electrode is reflected.
  • the reflective electrode it is possible for the reflective electrode to be emitted and / or detected by the organic layer stack
  • electromagnetic radiation has a reflection coefficient of at least 60%, preferably at least 80% and particularly preferably at least 90%.
  • an electrode can be made of an electric
  • conductive material such as aluminum and / or silver.
  • electrically conductive is meant here and below, for example, a material which has an electrical conductivity of at least 10 2 S / m
  • an electrically conductive connecting material between the two materials to be joined is arranged and / or one of the two materials to be connected is electrically conductive and directly adjacent to the second material to be connected.
  • the organic component comprises at least one electrode track.
  • the at least one electrode track serves for improved current distribution.
  • the at least one electrode track is therefore a current distribution structure. In other words, by means of the at least one electrode track is the spatial
  • Distribution of injected into the organic layer stack stream along the organic layer stack improved and preferably homogenized.
  • the electrode web may be radiopaque.
  • the at least one electrode track may be formed from a material which reflects at least 90% of the electromagnetic radiation impinging on the at least one electrode track and / or
  • the at least one electrode web thus reflects and / or absorbs at least 90% of that emitted and / or emitted by the organic layer stack in regions directly downstream of the at least one electrode web in the vertical direction
  • organic layer stack emitted and / or detected electromagnetic radiation has a transmittance of at most 40%, preferably at most 20% and more preferably at most 10%. According to at least one embodiment of the organic
  • This component further comprises an electrode layer that is transparent to the electromagnetic radiation emitted and / or absorbed by the organic layer stack. For example, at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, of the organic
  • Electrode layer transmitted In particular, it is possible that a "transparent component" here and below means that the electromagnetic radiation emitted and / or detected by the organic layer stack has a transmittance of at least 50%, preferably at least 70% and particularly preferably at least 80% It is preferred that in the organic
  • Electromagnetic radiation decoupled or coupled via the electrode layer Light, which is emitted in the direction of the reflective electrode, is reflected by this and then also emitted in the direction of the electrode layer.
  • the electrode layer is formed of an electrically conductive material.
  • the electrode layer may be formed with a transparent oxide and / or a transparent conductive polymer.
  • the at least one electrode track and the electrode layer are preferably in direct electrical contact with one another.
  • Room dimension is preferably much larger than the
  • Expansion of the electrode web in the same spatial direction is at most 10%, preferably at most 5%, of the extent of the electrode
  • the electrode track is, for example, a thin electrical conductor which is an elongate one
  • the at least one electrode web preferably has a greater electrical conductivity along at least one lateral direction, preferably at least twice the electrical conductivity as the electrode layer. According to at least one embodiment of the organic
  • Component are the at least one electrode track and the
  • Layer stack is electrically conductively connected to the reflective electrode and / or the electrode layer and the at least one electrode web.
  • the reflective electrode can be directly attached to the top surface of the
  • Electrode track facing away from the top surface
  • the bottom surface of the organic layer stack can serve here as a light passage surface.
  • the bottom surface of the organic layer stack may be one Luminous surface of the organic component correspond or form.
  • Electrode around the cathode of the organic layer stack while it may be the anode in the at least one electrode track and the electrode layer.
  • charge carriers can be injected into or extracted from the organic layer stack by means of the reflective electrode and / or the at least one electrode track and the electrode layer.
  • Component is the at least one electrode track
  • Connection point is connected, here and in the
  • Electrode layer is in direct contact with the connection point.
  • the electrode layer is electrically connected by means of a contacting, while the electrode web is not directly electrically connected to this contact.
  • Component are all side surfaces and one of the Electrode layer facing away from the top surface of the at least one electrode web of the organic layer stack and / or an insulating material completely covered.
  • the at least one electrode track is in particular hermetic
  • the at least one electrode track is therefore not freely accessible from the outside and not contacted directly electrically, but electrically via the poorly conducting electrode layer
  • Component comprises this an organic layer stack having a plurality of organic functional layers and a top surface, at least one reflective electrode which is attached to the top surface of the organic layer stack, at least one electrode track and a transparent electrode layer.
  • Electrode track and the electrode layer are attached to a side facing away from the reflective electrode of the organic layer stack.
  • the electrode track is
  • the electrode web is not directly electrically connected to a contact and also not freely accessible from the outside. Furthermore, the electrode web is only directly electrically connected to the electrode layer. All side surfaces and one of the electrode layer facing away from the top surface of the electrode web are of the organic layer stack and / or a
  • Electrode tracks may be formed of a material which can absorb water in a direct contact with the air surrounding the organic component and this in the organic functional layers of the organic
  • Electrode layer is sufficient for homogenization of the current distribution. In this way, outwardly sealed electrode tracks, which are virtually buried in the component and can not be led out of it at any point, can be used as
  • Power distribution structures are provided. An additional encapsulation of the electrode tracks is thus not necessary, since this encapsulation is provided together with the encapsulation of the other components of the organic component.
  • the electrode tracks are also protected by the components of the organic component.
  • Component has the material of the transparent
  • Electrode layer has a lower electrical conductivity than the material of the electrode web.
  • the transparent electrode layer is formed of a transparent conductive oxide such as indium tin oxide. The electrical conductivity of such
  • the electrode track may be silver, copper, for example
  • Conductivity of these materials is at least 10 6 S / m.
  • Electrode tracks is thus several orders of magnitude above the electrical conductivity of the material
  • the at least one electrode web is not freely accessible from the outside.
  • the side surfaces, the top surface and / or the bottom surface of the electrode web are thus either of the organic layer stack, of the
  • Electrode layer or completely covered by an electrically insulating material may be a substrate or an encapsulant. It is possible in this case that the electrode web is hermetically sealed from the outside. The hermetic sealing can be effected in particular by means of the organic layer stack and the electrode layer. According to at least one embodiment of the organic
  • Component this further comprises an encapsulation, which is designed to be electrically insulating.
  • the encapsulation can completely cover all outer surfaces of the organic layer stack facing away from the electrode layer. This means that the encapsulation can cover the bottom surface and all side surfaces of the organic layer stack connecting the bottom surface and the top surface. Furthermore, it is possible that the encapsulation completely covers the reflective electrode. At least in places, the encapsulation directly adjoins the electrode layer.
  • Component such as the organic layer stack and / or the at least one electrode track, from moisture and atmospheric influences.
  • the encapsulation can be, for example, a glass body and / or an electrically insulating layer.
  • the encapsulation is a glass lid that is slipped over the organic layer stacks.
  • the encapsulation may be a cavity lid which may be formed of glass or a getter material in glass.
  • Encapsulation can thus protect both the organic layer stack from moisture from the outside, as well as in the
  • the encapsulation may also be a so-called thin-film encapsulation.
  • the encapsulation can then be achieved by deposition methods such as chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, sputtering,
  • Atomic layer deposition (ALD - Atomic Layer Deposition) or other deposition methods be generated.
  • the encapsulation may comprise at least one ALD layer (ALD: Atomic Layer Deposition), which is produced by an ALD method. That is, at least this layer of the encapsulation is formed by means of an ALD method.
  • ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
  • Such ALD layers are known, for example, from US publications US 2011/0049730 A1 and US
  • An encapsulation layer produced by an ALD method can be clearly distinguished from layers by means of electro-microscopic investigations and other analysis methods of semiconductor technology, which can be distinguished by alternative methods such as, for example, conventional CVD (Chemical Vapor
  • the feature according to which the encapsulation is an ALD layer is therefore an objective feature that can be detected on the finished organic component. According to at least one embodiment of the organic
  • Component has at least one electrode web on a width and a frame of the manufacturing tolerances perpendicular to the width extending length.
  • the length of the electrode web is at least twice, preferably at least five times the width of the electrode web.
  • the electrode web can accordingly be an elongate structure.
  • the width of the at least one electrode web is at least 2 ⁇ m, preferably at least 20 ym, while the length of the at least one electrode web, for example, at least 5 cm.
  • the width may be up to 1000 ym, preferably at most 100 ym, and the length up to 100 cm.
  • Component is a single contiguous trained in a supervision electrode path exists.
  • a "plan view” is to be understood as a plan view of the bottom surface of the organic layer stack It is thus possible for a single electrode path, which is elongate, for example, to already lead to an improvement in the current distribution Electrode web at most 10%, especially
  • Component encloses the only electrode path in one
  • Electrode web in a view enclosing a variety of simply connected surfaces.
  • the single electrode track is frame-shaped.
  • the single electrode web can completely enclose a single rectangular or hexagonal surface.
  • the single electrode web can completely enclose a plurality of rectangular and / or hexagonal surfaces. Accordingly, the single electrode web can have no beginning and no end.
  • the organic compound for example, the organic compound, the organic compound, or the like.
  • the electrode layer is formed with a transparent conductive oxide.
  • the transparent conductive oxide may be, for example, indium tin oxide, fluorine tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide and / or antimony tin oxide.
  • the electrode layer serves for the electrical contacting of the organic functional layer stack. According to at least one embodiment of the organic
  • Component are all side surfaces and the top surface of the
  • Electrode path is directly adjacent to the organic
  • Electrode path then adjoins the electrode layer and is connected to this electrically conductive. According to at least one embodiment of the organic
  • Component adjoins the top surface of at least one
  • Electrode path directly to a radiation-transparent substrate may be, for example, a translucent or transparent
  • Act substrate For example, 80% or more of the electromagnetic radiation emitted from the organic layers is transmitted through the material of the radiation-transmissive substrate.
  • the substrate may be for and / or emitted by the organic layers
  • the substrate may be glass or glass, for example a plastic that can be flexible,
  • the radiation-transmissive substrate can also be a film which is formed, for example, with a plastic.
  • the radiation-transmissive substrate preferably has a low absorption coefficient. Preferably, less than 10%, more preferably less than 5%, of the electromagnetic radiation impinging on the substrate is absorbed.
  • the radiation which is not transmitted through the substrate can thus be reflected, for example, by the reflective electrode and be transmitted upon a new impact on the radiation-transmissive substrate.
  • All side surfaces and the top surface of the electrode web are completely made of the material of the radiation-transmissive substrate and / or the material of the electrode layer
  • the at least one stands
  • Electrode web in direct contact with the
  • Electrode web is not in direct contact with the organic layer stack and is only electrically connected to the electrode layer.
  • Component is the at least one electrode track with a
  • the at least one electrode web is with an ink jet printing method (English: ink jet) or a screen printing method applied.
  • An electrode web applied by means of a printing process is characterized in particular by its small thickness or width.
  • the width and / or the thickness of the electrode webs extending within the manufacturing tolerances perpendicular to the width and the length may be in a range of less than 100 ⁇ m, preferably in a range of at least 1 ⁇ m
  • Component is a variety of electrode tracks available.
  • the electrode tracks are arranged laterally spaced from each other. For example, it is in the
  • Electrode tracks around elongated tracks which are arranged parallel to each other within the manufacturing tolerances.
  • the electrode paths each have different lengths.
  • the length of the electrode paths each have different lengths.
  • electrode tracks can correspond to at least 90% of the extent of the organic layer stack in the direction of the length of the electrode tracks.
  • An organic component described here can preferably be produced by means of a method described here. That is, all features disclosed for the method are also disclosed for the organic component and vice versa.
  • a substrate having a radiation-permeable design with a mounting surface is first provided.
  • radiation-permeable formed substrate may be, for example, a film.
  • a film for example, it acts in the present case, a plastic film or a transparent PT film.
  • the substrate may further be formed with glass and / or a plastic.
  • the substrate preferably has a low absorption.
  • the electrode layer, the at least one electrode track, the organic layer stack and the reflective electrode are arranged on the substrate on the substrate.
  • the application of the at least one electrode web takes place by means of a printing process.
  • the printing method may be, for example, an ink-jet printing method.
  • the surface to be printed is sprayed with drops of a coating solution containing conductive particles.
  • the size of the drops is for example at most 100 pl, preferably at most 40 pl.
  • the conductive particles may, for example, be smaller than 1 ⁇ m.
  • conductive particles are metal particles, such as silver particles, aluminum particles, copper particles or
  • At least one electrode web is used.
  • the conductive particles in a printing paste which is applied as in a conventional screen printing, the
  • the production of the electrode web by means of printing has the particular advantage that the webs are much cheaper to produce compared to previous methods. In particular, fewer process steps are necessary, since the complex production of a large-area applied layer, which then by means of photolithography or a Etching process must be structured, not applicable. This has less material loss, and therefore one
  • the printing process allows the production of very thin conductor tracks. For example, the width
  • Electrode tracks are in a range of less than 100 ym.
  • FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C show exemplary embodiments of an organic component described here on the basis of schematic sectional representations.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B show exemplary embodiments of an organic component described here on the basis of schematic plan views.
  • Figures 3A, 3B, 3C, 4A, 4B, 5A and 5B show
  • the organic component comprises an organic
  • Electrode 52 attached.
  • the reflective electrode 52 completely covers the top surface 3a of the organic layer stack 3.
  • the bottom surface 3c of the organic layer stack 3 serves as a light transmission surface. That is, those generated and / or detected in the organic layer stack 3
  • Bottom surface 3c disconnected or coupled. On the bottom surface 3c is formed a transparent material.
  • Electrode layer 1 for example, with a
  • Layer stack 3 a plurality of electrode sheets 2 are attached to the bottom surface 3c of the organic layer stack 3.
  • the side surfaces 2b and the top surface 2a of each electrode web 2 are completely covered by the organic layer stack 3 and the encapsulation 4, respectively.
  • Electrode sheets 2 are not interconnected laterally.
  • the electrode webs 2 of the exemplary embodiment shown are elongated conductor tracks which protrude into the plane of the paper.
  • the lateral direction runs along one of the
  • the electrode layer 1 is laterally by means of a
  • the electrode tracks 2 are electrically connected only via the electrode layer 1.
  • the electrode layer 1 laterally projects beyond the organic layer stack 3 and is there
  • Electrode layer 1 to a radiation-transmissive
  • Electrode layer 1 is located.
  • FIG. 1 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an organic component described here. The one shown here
  • Embodiment of Figure 1A in that no substrate 10 is present on the organic component.
  • the organic component is thus free of a substrate.
  • Electrode Layer 1 The metallization 51 serves for better electrical contacting of the electrode layer 1.
  • Electrode sheets 2 are thus in direct contact with the material of the substrate 10.
  • the side surfaces 2b of the electrode sheets 2 can be
  • Electrode layer 1 also directly adjoins organic layer stack 3.
  • the electrode paths 2 are therefore not directly electrically connected to the organic layer stack 3, but merely by means of the electrode layer 1. However, the electrode paths 2 continue to serve one
  • the electrode web 2 is contiguous in the plan view of the embodiment shown
  • the electrode web 2 encloses a plurality of simply connected surfaces, each in the form of a Have hexagons.
  • the organic component has the shape of a circle when viewed from above.
  • the electrode layer 1 is free to be electrically contacted by the organic layer stack 3 at the outer circular ring surrounding the organic layer stack 3 and can be electrically contacted by means of a contact.
  • FIG. 2B serves only to explain the structure of the organic
  • organic functional layers 30 is arranged, shown in more detail.
  • the organic layer stack 3 is located in the middle of the organic component and is connected to the
  • FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C further exemplary embodiments of an organic component described here are explained in greater detail.
  • the figures each show the simulated luminance distribution of a
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B On the x-axis and the y-axis, the lateral extent in the respective spatial dimension is given in arbitrary units.
  • Luminance is always given in the unit cd / m ⁇ .
  • Figure 3A On the right side of Figure 3A is that of the respective
  • Luminance associated gray scale shown.
  • the current distribution of the respective organic component was determined numerically using the finite element method.
  • Contact 54 covers all areas of the electrode layer 1 which are not covered by the organic layer stack 3 and / or the encapsulation 4 (not shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B).
  • the organic components associated with the luminance distributions of FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C differ as follows.
  • the organic component according to FIG. 3A has
  • Electrode sheets 2 which are not contacted exclusively via the electrode layer 1.
  • the electrode tracks 2 of FIG. 3A are thus contacted electrically, for example, directly.
  • Figure 3B shows
  • FIG. 3C shows the luminance distribution of an organic component in which the electrode tracks 2 are not electrically contacted.
  • the organic component on which the luminance distribution of FIG. 3C is based accordingly has no
  • Electrode sheets 2 as current distribution structures.
  • FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C each show an elevated one
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B have the same homogeneity.
  • the junction between the peripheral regions of the high luminance organic layer stack 3 and the center of the low luminance organic device is substantially the same in Figs. 3A and 3B.
  • the organic components according to FIGS. 3A and 3B have an almost identical difference between the maximum luminance and the minimum luminance. Only the absolute
  • Luminance of the organic component is reduced in the organic component of Figure 3B compared to the figure
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B This can also be seen from the larger variation of the quantitative luminance units shown on the right side of FIG. 3C. While in the case of FIGS. 3A and 3B there is a variation of a maximum of 6 cd / m.sup.2, a variation of the luminance of more than 20 cd / m.sup.2 can be seen in FIG. 3C.
  • the luminance distribution Consequently, an organic component with a transparent electrically conductive layer 1 which is poorly conductive can consequently be homogenized by electrode tracks 2.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B further exemplary embodiments of an organic component described here are closer
  • Luminance distributions in a plan view of organic components each with an electrode web 2 shown, wherein the electrode web 2 is not electrically connected in the figure 4A and is electrically connected in Figure 4B exclusively by means of the electrode layer 1.
  • the absolute scale for the luminance in the unit cd / m ⁇ is again plotted.
  • the electrode sheets 2 are formed contiguous in the supervision and enclose a simply contiguous in a plan area in the form of a rectangle.
  • Metallization 51 may be formed, for contacting the electrode layer 1 and a cathode 52 ⁇ of the organic component for contacting the - reflecting electrode 52 - not shown.
  • a non-electrically connected electrode web 2 according to FIG. 4A results in a luminance distribution which has a minimum 8 at an edge of the organic component opposite the cathode 52. In the case of an electrically connected electrode track 2 according to FIG. 4B, this minimum is no longer present.
  • the Luminance distribution of Figure 4B is thus homogeneous compared to the luminance distribution of Figure 4A.
  • Luminance distributions of organic components in a plan view each with an electrode web 2, wherein the electrode web 2 is not electrically connected in the figure 5A and is electrically connected in the figure 4B exclusively by means of the electrode layer 1.
  • the absolute scale for the luminance is again plotted in cd / m.sup.-1. Again, both the luminance distribution and the luminous intensity in the figure 5B over the entire
  • the electrode web 2 can be homogenized.
  • other shapes for the electrode web 2 are generally conceivable.
  • the electrode web 2 may have the form of the letter "U” or the letter "L” in a plan view.
  • the electrode web 2 can cover the area of a triangle, a trapezoid, a circle, an irregular quadrangle or another geometric figure in a plan view.
  • the enclosed area may in this case be part of the organic layer stack, but it is also possible that the enclosed area is formed by a further component of the organic component.
  • the shape of the at least one electrode track 2 can be adapted individually to the respective shape of the organic component or of the organic layer stack 3.
  • a plurality of electrode sheets 2 may be present, which are each adapted to the shape of the organic component. This can in addition to the improvement of homogeneity and a
  • Symmetrization of the luminance distribution can be achieved. This leads to a visually pleasing impression of
  • Luminance distribution of large-scale organic components can be optimized while achieving a visually appealing design.
  • Electrode web 2 or alternatively a small number of electrode webs 2 has the advantage that only a few regions of the luminous surface formed by the bottom surface 3c are covered by radiation-impermeable electrode webs 2 and thus only a few regions of the luminous surface

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un composant organique qui comprend - un empilement de couches organiques (3) comportant une pluralité de couches organiques fonctionnelles (30) et une surface supérieure (3a), - au moins une électrode réfléchissante (52) qui est fixée sur la surface supérieure (3a) de l'empilement de couches organiques (3), - au moins une bande d'électrode (2), et - une couche d'électrode (1) qui est transparente ; - l'au moins une bande d'électrode (2) et la couche d'électrode (1) sont fixées sur un côté de l'empilement de couches organiques (3) qui est opposé à l'électrode réfléchissante (52), - la bande d'électrode (2) n'est reliée électriquement que par le biais de la couche d'électrode (1), - toutes les surfaces latérales (2b) et une surface supérieure (2a) de la bande d'électrode (2), opposée à la couche d'électrode (1), sont complètement recouvertes par l'empilement de couches organiques (3) et/ou par un matériau isolant (4, 10).
PCT/EP2015/067427 2014-08-01 2015-07-29 Composant organique et procédé de fabrication d'un composant organique Ceased WO2016016332A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112015003561.3T DE112015003561B4 (de) 2014-08-01 2015-07-29 Organisches Bauteil

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014110969.4A DE102014110969A1 (de) 2014-08-01 2014-08-01 Organisches Bauteil sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines organischen Bauteils
DE102014110969.4 2014-08-01

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WO2016016332A1 true WO2016016332A1 (fr) 2016-02-04

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