WO2016106972A1 - Procédé d'échange de données, système d'interconnexion de châssis multiples, et dispositif de châssis dudit système - Google Patents

Procédé d'échange de données, système d'interconnexion de châssis multiples, et dispositif de châssis dudit système Download PDF

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WO2016106972A1
WO2016106972A1 PCT/CN2015/073905 CN2015073905W WO2016106972A1 WO 2016106972 A1 WO2016106972 A1 WO 2016106972A1 CN 2015073905 W CN2015073905 W CN 2015073905W WO 2016106972 A1 WO2016106972 A1 WO 2016106972A1
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board
switch
frame
frame device
service
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Chinese (zh)
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董娟
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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  • the present invention relates to a multi-chassis interconnection communication system, and more particularly to a data exchange method, a multi-frame interconnection system, and a frame device thereof.
  • the multi-frame cascading scheme commonly used in the industry is a first-level star connection, that is, one main frame is connected to multiple slave frames, the main frame exchange board and each There is a physical connection between the slave switchboards. There is no connection between the slave and the slave switchboard. The data exchange between any two slaves must be forwarded through the switchboard of the primary chassis. As shown in Figure 1.
  • connection mode a problem occurs between the connection between the frame and the main frame, which only affects the slave frame, and the other slave frames are not affected.
  • This is the main reason why the star connection method is generally adopted in the industry at present; Only the main frame switch board needs to save the routing table and is responsible for data forwarding between frames.
  • the software is easy to implement and easy to maintain.
  • the connection mode is limited by the processing capacity of the main chassis switch board and the number of upper-level interfaces on the panel. It is often impossible to connect too many frames, and network expansion is affected. In addition, if the main frame switch board fails, all cross-frame communication services in the system will be affected.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a data exchange method, a multi-frame interconnection system and a frame device thereof, which are used to solve the technical problem of how to improve the scalability and reliability of the multi-frame interconnection system.
  • the multi-frame interconnection system includes a frame device of two or more levels, and the frame device includes a switch frame device and a resource frame device, where the switch frame device is provided.
  • the switch board and the service board are provided in the resource frame device, and each of the frame devices and the next-level frame device of the frame device are connected in a star topology, and the multi-frame interconnection system is
  • the top-level frame device is a switch frame device, and the upper-level frame device of the resource frame device is switched.
  • the method includes:
  • the resource box device When the resource box device forwards the first service data, it determines whether the destination service board of the first service data is the service board of the device in the frame according to the routing information saved locally by the device, where the resource frame device is locally saved. Routing information includes routes to all service boards of the device in the local frame;
  • the device When the destination service board of the first service data is not the service board of the local device, the device is connected to the egress port of the upper-level frame device, and the first service data is sent to the upper-level frame device.
  • the above method further comprises:
  • the first service data is sent to the corresponding service board for processing by using the switch board of the local device.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a data exchange method of a multi-frame interconnection system, where the multi-frame interconnection system includes two or more frame devices, and the frame device includes a switch frame device and a resource frame device, wherein the switch frame device A plurality of switching boards are provided, and the plurality of switching boards include a central switching board and a non-central switching board.
  • the resource box device is provided with a switching board and a service board, and each frame device and the lower level frame of the frame device
  • the device has a star topology connection, and the top-level frame device in the multi-chassis interconnection system is a switch frame device, and the upper-level frame device of the resource frame device is a switch frame device.
  • the method includes:
  • the central switching board of the switching box device determines the destination service board of the second service data according to the routing information saved locally by the central switching board when the second service data is forwarded, where the routing information locally saved by the central switching board includes Routing of service boards of all subordinate resource frame devices of the switch chassis;
  • the second service data is sent to the switch board of the resource frame device connected to the central switch board;
  • the second service data is sent to the corresponding non-central switch board.
  • the above method further comprises:
  • the device When the destination service board of the second service data is not the service board of the lower resource box device of the switch box device, the device is connected to the egress port of the upper-level frame device, and the second service data is sent to the upper level. Box device.
  • the above method further comprises:
  • the destination service board of the third service data is determined according to the routing information saved locally by the non-central switch board, where the non-central switch board is locally saved.
  • the routing information includes the routing of the service boards of all resource frame devices connected to the non-central switching board.
  • the third service data is sent to the switch board of the resource frame device connected to the non-central switch board; as well as,
  • the third service data is sent by using the non-central switch board to connect to the egress port of the central switch board. To the center switchboard.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a resource frame device of a multi-frame interconnection system, where the multi-frame interconnection system includes two or more frame devices, and the frame device includes a switch frame device and a resource frame device, where the switch frame device A plurality of switch boards are provided, and a switch board and a service board are disposed in the resource frame device, and a star topology connection is performed between each frame device and the next-level frame device of the frame device, and the multi-frame interconnection system is
  • the upper-level frame device in the resource frame device is a switch frame device;
  • the resource frame device includes:
  • the determining unit is configured to determine, according to the routing information saved locally by the device in the frame, whether the destination service board of the first service data is a service board of the frame device, where the resource frame device is configured to forward the first service data.
  • the locally saved routing information includes routes to all service boards of the device in the local frame.
  • the first forwarding unit is configured to: when the destination service board of the first service data is not the service board of the local device, the device is connected to the egress port of the upper-level device by the local device, and sends the first service data to Level 1 box device.
  • the resource box device further includes:
  • the second forwarding unit is configured to send the first service data to the corresponding service board for processing when the destination service board of the first service data is the service board of the local device. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a switch box device of a multi-chassis interconnection system, where the multi-frame interconnection system includes two or more frame devices, and the frame device includes a switch frame device and a resource frame device, where the switch frame device A plurality of switching boards are provided, and the plurality of switching boards include a central switching board and a non-central switching board.
  • the resource box device is provided with a switching board and a service board, and each frame device and the lower level frame of the frame device
  • the device has a star topology connection, and the top-level frame device in the multi-chassis interconnection system is a switch frame device, and the upper-level frame device of the resource frame device is a switch frame device.
  • the switch frame device includes:
  • the first determining unit is configured to determine, according to the routing information locally saved by the central switching board, the destination service board of the second service data, where the central switching board is configured to forward the second service data, where the central switching board is configured
  • the locally saved routing information includes the routes of the service boards of all subordinate resource frame devices of the switch box device.
  • the third forwarding unit is configured to send the second service data to the resource box connected to the central switchboard when the destination service board of the second service data is a service board of the resource frame device connected to the central switchboard Switch board of the device;
  • the fourth forwarding unit is configured to send the second service data to the corresponding non-center when the destination service board of the second service data is a service board of the resource frame device connected to the non-central switch board of the switch frame device Switch board.
  • the foregoing switch frame device further includes:
  • the fifth forwarding unit is configured to connect to the egress port of the upper-level frame device by using the local device device when the destination service board of the second service data is not the service board of the lower-level resource frame device of the switching frame device, The second service data is sent to the upper-level frame device.
  • the foregoing switch frame device further includes:
  • the second determining unit is configured to: when the third service data is forwarded by the non-central switching board of the device, determine the destination of the third service data according to the routing information locally saved by the non-central switching board A routing board, where the routing information saved locally by the non-central switching board includes a routing of a service board of all resource frame devices connected to the non-central switching board;
  • a sixth forwarding unit configured to send the third service data to the non-central switch board when the destination service board of the third service data is a service board of the resource frame device connected to the non-central switch board The switch board of the resource box device;
  • the seventh forwarding unit is configured to connect to the egress port of the central switching board through the non-central switching board when the destination service board of the third service data is not the service board of the resource frame device connected to the non-central switching board, The third service data is sent to the central switching board.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a multi-frame interconnection system, where the multi-frame interconnection system includes two or more frame devices, and the frame device includes the switch frame device as described above and the resource frame device as described above, where Each switch frame device has multiple switch boards, and each resource frame device has a switch board and a service board, and each frame device and the next level frame device of the frame device have a star topology connection.
  • the top-level frame device in the multi-box interconnection system is a switch frame device
  • the upper-level frame device of the resource frame device is a switch frame device.
  • the central switching board of each switching frame device includes two, and the two central switching boards work in active/standby mode or load sharing mode; each of the two non-central switching boards As a group, two switch boards in each group work in active/standby mode or load sharing mode;
  • Each resource enclosure device includes two switch boards.
  • the two switch boards work in active/standby mode or load balancing mode.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are used to execute the above method.
  • the data exchange method, the multi-frame interconnection system and the frame device provided by the embodiments of the present invention have a simple star interconnection network, and the user implements the secondary or tertiary connection according to the need, and only needs to increase the original
  • the switch board or the switch box not only retains the advantages of the original first-class star connection system but also overcomes the problem that the original system is difficult to expand.
  • the active/standby or load sharing work is performed between each two exchange boards, thereby ensuring the reliability of the system operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first-level star connection of a multi-frame interconnect system of the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a secondary star connection of a multi-frame interconnection system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a data exchange method applied to a resource frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data exchange method applied to a switch frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a resource frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a three-level star connection of a multi-frame interconnection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a multi-frame interconnection system and a data exchange method thereof, the system includes a plurality of frame devices, and the plurality of frame devices include one switch frame device and multiple resource frame devices (for simplicity, the following
  • the switch frame device and the resource frame device are respectively referred to as a switch frame and a resource frame.
  • the switch frame is a frame device that implements message exchange control
  • the resource frame is a box device that performs service processing on the message.
  • the switch box contains multiple switch boards (at least two) that process the packets across the board.
  • the resource box contains the switch board that forwards the packets and the service board that processes the service. There are usually two switch boards in the resource box.
  • the service board sets one or more blocks according to system requirements and business processing needs.
  • the switch board in the switch chassis only provides cross-frame routing to implement data forwarding across frames.
  • two adjacent switch boards in the switch frame serve as one switch board group, and the two switch boards in the group work in active/standby mode or load sharing mode.
  • the switch board groups in the switch chassis is used as the central switch board group.
  • the other switch board groups are used as the non-central switch board group.
  • the center switch board group and each non-center switch board group are connected by a star.
  • the switch board in the frame can be connected to multiple resource frames through the switch board in the resource frame. That is, the switch board and the resource box in each switch frame form a star connection, so that the entire system has a secondary star structure.
  • the switch board in the central switch board group is the center switch board.
  • the switch boards in the non-central switch board group are non-center switch boards.
  • a switch board in a switch chassis can only be a member of a switch board group and cannot be a member of two or more switch board groups at the same time.
  • one of the switch boards is a central switch board group
  • the other is a non-center switch board group
  • the non-center switch board group and the center switch board group are connected by a star.
  • Each group of switch boards can be exchanged in a resource box.
  • the board is connected to multiple resource frames, that is, each group of switch board groups and resource boxes form a star connection, so that the whole system has a second-level star structure, as shown in Figure 2:
  • the multi-frame interconnection system includes multiple resource frames and one switching frame.
  • the resource frames are composed of two switch boards and one or more service boards.
  • the switch box has at least two switch boards, one for each group.
  • the switch board in the resource frame uses the switch board with the same structure function.
  • the switch board in the switch box uses the switch board with the same structure function.
  • the switch board in the resource frame and the switch board in the switch box can adopt different structure functions. Switch board.
  • the two switch boards in each group in the switch chassis work in active/standby mode or load sharing mode.
  • Each group of switchboards in the switch frame and the switchboards in the resource frame can be connected to each other through physical connections.
  • Each resource switch group in the switch box can be connected to multiple resource frames.
  • the resource frames need not be connected through physical connections, and data forwarding between any two resource frames needs to be implemented through a switch frame.
  • One of the switch board groups in the switch frame is a central switch board group, and the other groups are non-center switch board groups.
  • Each group of non-central switch board groups and central switch board groups can be connected by physical connections. Physical connections are not required between non-central switch board groups.
  • the above description illustrates the secondary star interconnection structure of the multi-frame interconnection system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the above structure only needs to add a switching board or a switching frame, which not only retains the advantages of the first-level star connection system, but also overcomes the difficulty of expanding the original system.
  • the problem Moreover, in the embodiment of the present invention, the system is expanded based on the above structure, and the reliability of the system operation can be improved by the active/standby or load sharing between the two switch boards.
  • the above-mentioned star interconnection networking is simple, and the user can implement a three-level connection on the basis of the above structure as needed to facilitate system expansion. It can be seen that the above structure of the embodiment can be solved.
  • the system expansion of the related first-level star connection is difficult, which improves the scalability and reliability of the system.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for inter-frame data transmission based on the multi-frame interconnection system described above.
  • the route on the non-central switch board of the switch chassis only stores the service board routes and one default route in all resource frames directly connected to the switch board. The default route is not in the service board route.
  • the packet is forwarded through the port connected to the central switch board.
  • the central switch board of the switch chassis saves the service board routes in all resource frames directly connected to the switch board and directly connects to the switch board.
  • the internal service board of the resource frame sends data to the local switch board.
  • the switch board of the local frame sends the data to the switch board in the switch chassis through the Layer 2 forwarding.
  • the resource switch can be sent to the non-central switch board or the central switch board in the switch chassis. Give an example for explanation.
  • the non-central switch board After receiving the above data, the non-central switch board sends the data to the central switch board through the default route.
  • the central switching board sends data to the switching board in the destination resource frame through routing, or sends the data to the non-central switching board through the network segment routing. The following is sent to the non-central switching board as an example for description.
  • the non-central switch board After receiving the data sent by the central switch board, the non-central switch board sends the data to the destination resource frame connected to the switch board.
  • the switch board in the destination resource frame sends data to the destination service board in the frame, and the destination service board processes the data.
  • the data exchange method in this embodiment is applied to a multi-frame interconnection system, where the multi-frame interconnection system includes two or more frame devices, and the frame device includes a switch frame device and a resource frame device.
  • a switch board device is provided with a plurality of switch boards, and a switch board and a service board are provided in the resource frame device, and a star topology connection is provided between each frame device and the next level frame device of the frame device.
  • the upper-layer device in the multi-chassis interconnection system is a switching frame device.
  • the upper-layer device in the resource-based device is a switching frame device.
  • Resource box device in the above system (for convenience, the resource frame device is hereinafter referred to as the first
  • a resource box device when performing data exchange forwarding processing, as shown in FIG. 3, includes the following steps:
  • Step 31 When forwarding the first service data, the first resource frame device determines, according to the routing information saved locally by the local device, whether the destination service board of the first service data is a service board of the frame device, where The routing information saved locally by the device in the first resource frame includes the routes to all the service boards of the device in the local frame.
  • Step 32 When the destination service board of the first service data is not the service board of the local device, the device is connected to the egress port of the upper-level frame device, and the first service data is sent to the upper-level frame device. .
  • the method may further include: sending, by using the switch board of the local device, the first service data to the corresponding service board. deal with.
  • the switch frame device is hereinafter referred to as a first switch frame device.
  • the first switch frame device may be a top switch frame.
  • the first switch frame device may be a top-level switch frame device or an intermediate-level switch frame device.
  • the central switching board of the first switching frame device determines the destination service board of the second service data according to the routing information locally saved by the central switching board when forwarding the second service data, where the central switching board is local.
  • the saved routing information includes the routing of the service boards of all the subordinate resource frame devices of the first switching frame device.
  • Step 42 When the destination service board of the second service data is the service board of the resource frame device connected to the central switch board, send the second service data to the switch board of the resource frame device connected to the central switch board. ;
  • Step 43 When the destination service board of the second service data is the service board of the resource frame device connected to the non-central switch board of the first switching frame device, send the second service data to the corresponding non-central switch board. .
  • the foregoing method may further include the following steps: Connect to the egress port of the upper-level frame device, and send the second service data to the upper-level frame device.
  • the non-central switching board of the first switching frame device determines the destination service board of the third service data according to the routing information locally saved by the non-central switching board when forwarding the third service data, where
  • the routing information saved locally by the non-central switching board includes the routing of the service boards of all resource frame devices connected to the non-central switching board:
  • the third service data is sent to the resource frame device connected to the non-central switch board when the destination service board of the third service data is the service board of the resource frame device connected to the non-central switch board. board;
  • the third service is connected to the egress port of the central switch board through the non-central switch board.
  • the data is sent to the central switchboard.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a multi-frame interconnection system for implementing the foregoing method, where the multi-frame interconnection system includes two or more frame devices, and the frame device includes the first switch frame device and the foregoing The first resource frame device, wherein the first switch frame device is provided with multiple switch boards, and the first resource frame device is provided with a switch board and a service board, and each frame device and the next level frame device of the frame device
  • the top-level frame device in the multi-chassis interconnection system is a switch frame device
  • the upper-level frame device in the resource frame device is a switch frame device.
  • the central switching board of each switch frame device includes two, and the two central switching boards work in active/standby mode or load sharing mode; each of the two non-central switching boards serves as a group.
  • the two switch boards in each group work in active/standby mode or load sharing mode.
  • Each resource enclosure device includes two switch boards. The two switch boards work in active/standby mode or load balancing mode.
  • the first resource frame device of the multi-frame interconnection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the determining unit 51 is configured to determine, according to the routing information saved locally by the device in the frame, whether the destination service board of the first service data is a service board of the frame device, where the first The routing information saved locally by the resource frame device includes the routes to all the service boards of the device in the local frame.
  • the first forwarding unit 52 is configured to set the destination service board of the first service data not When the service board is configured, the device is connected to the egress port of the upper-level device and the first service data is sent to the upper-level device.
  • the first resource frame device in this embodiment further includes:
  • the second forwarding unit is configured to send the first service data to the corresponding service board for processing when the destination service board of the first service data is the service board of the local device. .
  • the first switch frame device is applied to the first switch frame device in the multi-chassis interconnection system. As shown in FIG. 6, the first switch frame device includes:
  • the first determining unit 61 is configured to determine, according to the routing information locally saved by the central switching board, the destination service board of the second service data, where the central switching board is configured to forward the second service data.
  • the routing information saved by the board includes the routing of the service boards of all the subordinate resource frame devices of the first switching frame device.
  • the third forwarding unit 62 is configured to send the second service data to the resource connected to the central switchboard when the destination service board of the second service data is the service board of the resource frame device connected to the central switchboard.
  • the switch board of the box device and,
  • the fourth forwarding unit 63 is configured to: when the destination service board of the second service data is the service board of the resource frame device connected to the non-central switch board of the first switching frame device, send the second service data to the corresponding Non-central switchboard.
  • the foregoing first switch frame device further includes:
  • the fifth forwarding unit is configured to connect to the egress port of the upper-level frame device through the frame device when the destination service board of the second service data is not the service board of the lower-level resource frame device of the first switching frame device, The second service data is sent to the upper-level frame device.
  • the foregoing first switch frame device further includes:
  • a second determining unit configured to determine, according to the routing information locally saved by the non-central switching board, the destination service board of the third service data, where the non-central switching board of the device forwards the third service data, where the The routing information saved locally by the central switching board includes the routing of the service boards of all the resource frame devices connected to the non-central switching board.
  • a sixth forwarding unit configured to set the destination service board of the third service data to the non-center
  • the third service data is sent to the switch board of the resource frame device connected to the non-central switch board when the service board of the resource box device connected to the switch is replaced;
  • the seventh forwarding unit is configured to connect to the egress port of the central switching board through the non-central switching board when the destination service board of the third service data is not the service board of the resource frame device connected to the non-central switching board, The third service data is sent to the central switching board.
  • the multi-chassis interconnected communication system of the embodiment of the present invention includes multiple resource frames and one switch frame.
  • the switch box contains multiple switch boards, each of which is a group, and the active/standby or load sharing mode of operation.
  • the software is divided into a set of central switchboard groups and multiple sets of non-central switchboard groups, and a star connection between the non-central switchboard and the central switchboard.
  • Each group of switchboards can be connected to multiple resource frames, and the star connection between the resource frame and the switchboard.
  • the non-central switch board does not need to save the routes to all the resource frames. It only saves the service board routes and one default route in all the resource frames connected to the switch board. The default route is all the packets that do not find the route.
  • the egress port is the port connected to the central switch board.
  • the default route is taken to the central switch board. This is simple and reliable.
  • the central switch board saves the switch board connection.
  • the service board routes to all resource boxes and the network segment routes to other resource boxes.
  • the switch boards X and Y in the switch frame are the central switch boards, the others are the non-central switch boards, and the service board A and the service board B communicate as the example one, and the service boards A and B are respectively in the different non-centers.
  • the steps of the data exchange method based on the multi-frame interconnection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention are described in detail in the resource frame of the switch board connection:
  • Step A The service board A sends data to the service board B, and the destination MAC is a specific MAC.
  • Step B After receiving the packet, the switch board in resource frame 0 sends the packet to the port connected to the switch frame according to the Layer 2 switch.
  • Step C After receiving the packet, the switch board A sends the packet to the port connected to the central switch board through the default route.
  • Step D After receiving the packet, the central switching board X sends the packet to the port connected to the switch board N after routing through the network segment.
  • Step E After receiving the packet, the switch board N sends the packet to the switch board of the destination resource frame N.
  • Step F After receiving the packet, the destination resource frame N switching board directly sends the packet to the destination service board B.
  • Step G When the reverse transmission is performed, the communication process from the service board B to the service board A is similar to the above process.
  • the service board A and the service board C are communicated as an example.
  • the service board A is in a resource frame that is not connected to the central board, and the service board C is in the resource box that is connected to the central switch board.
  • the steps of the data exchange method of the multi-frame interconnection system are described in detail:
  • Step a The service board A sends data to the service board C, and the destination MAC is a specific MAC.
  • Step b After receiving the packet, the switch board in resource box 0 sends the packet to the port connected to the switch frame according to the Layer 2 switch.
  • Step c After receiving the packet, the switch board A sends the packet to the port connected to the central switch board through the default route.
  • Step d After receiving the packet, the central switching board X sends the packet to the switching board of the destination resource frame N.
  • Step e After receiving the packet, the destination resource frame N switch directly forwards the packet to the destination service board C.
  • Step f When the reverse transmission is performed, the communication process from the service board C to the service board A is similar to the above process.
  • the resource frames of the service boards A and B and C are connected to different switch boards. Therefore, you must forward them through the central switch board.
  • the resource frames where the source board and the destination board are located are connected to the same switch board, You do not need to go through the central switchboard.
  • the multi-chassis interconnection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a separate switch frame, and has multiple switch boards, which can connect more resource frames, enhance the processing capability of the system, and expand the capacity of the system. Moreover, when the number of resource frames connected to a switch box cannot meet the requirements, The exchange boxes form a star connection, which expands the system into three or more levels of star connections.
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of a three-level star connection. It can be seen that the system in this embodiment only needs to increase the number of switch boards or switch frames to facilitate system expansion.
  • switch boards are in the process of forwarding data across the chassis. If a group of switch boards is faulty, the communication between the entire system is not abnormal, and the switch boards in each group are active/standby or load-sharing. System reliability.

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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé d'échange de données, un système d'interconnexion de châssis multiples, et un dispositif de châssis dudit système. Le système d'interconnexion de châssis multiples assure un interfonctionnement simple, et un utilisateur peut mettre en œuvre une connexion de deuxième niveau ou de troisième niveau au besoin ; seuls des cartes de commutation d'origine ou des châssis de commutation d'origine doivent être augmentés, et par conséquent, les avantages d'un système de connexion du type en étoile de premier niveau d'origine sont conservés, et le problème de difficulté d'extension de capacité du système d'origine est également résolu. Dans le système technique, tandis que la capacité du système est étendue, une carte de commutation sur deux est une carte primaire et l'autre est une carte secondaire ou les deux cartes de commutation partagent la charge pour fonctionner, ce qui permet de garantir la fiabilité de fonctionnement du système.
PCT/CN2015/073905 2014-12-29 2015-03-09 Procédé d'échange de données, système d'interconnexion de châssis multiples, et dispositif de châssis dudit système Ceased WO2016106972A1 (fr)

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