WO2016110368A1 - Dispositif électroluminescent - Google Patents

Dispositif électroluminescent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016110368A1
WO2016110368A1 PCT/EP2015/078965 EP2015078965W WO2016110368A1 WO 2016110368 A1 WO2016110368 A1 WO 2016110368A1 EP 2015078965 W EP2015078965 W EP 2015078965W WO 2016110368 A1 WO2016110368 A1 WO 2016110368A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
reflector element
light source
organic
emitting device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2015/078965
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Popp
Nina Riegel
Thomas Wehlus
Jörg FARRNBACHER
Kilian REGAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram Oled GmbH
Original Assignee
Osram Oled GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osram Oled GmbH filed Critical Osram Oled GmbH
Publication of WO2016110368A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016110368A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K50/852—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising a resonant cavity structure, e.g. Bragg reflector pair
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements

Definitions

  • Light emitting device There is a light emitting device having a
  • Lambert 'see radiation characteristic which is not always optimal for general lighting purposes. Furthermore, with regard to lighting standards for general lighting, it may be necessary to ensure glare even at high brightness levels of 3000 Cd / m 2 or more at beam angles between 65 ° and 90 ° to the ceiling normal, but this is the case with a Lambert '
  • Radiation characteristic of area light sources such as
  • organic light-emitting diodes to influence by scattering films, diffusers or structured layers of light-emitting diodes.
  • Such measures are described for example in the publications US 7,527,398 B2, US 7,011,420 B2, US 2012/037943 AI and
  • a light-emitting device has at least one area light source.
  • surface light source a light source is here and hereinafter referred to, which has a substantially flat, so for example, plate-like shape.
  • the surface light source has two main surfaces lying opposite one another, of which at least one is designed as a light output surface and whose dimensions are larger, preferably by at least one or more
  • Main surfaces are measured thickness of the surface light source.
  • the surface light source has at least one light output surface designed as a luminous surface, whose dimensions are greater than a perpendicular to the light output
  • Light output surface measured thickness are.
  • the surface light source over a large area with respect to the light output surface and thus with respect to the
  • Main surfaces be formed. "Large area” can mean that the main surfaces and thus also the at least one light output surface with an area greater than or equal to a few square millimeters, preferably greater than or equal to one square centimeter and particularly preferably greater than or equal to a square decimeter
  • Lichtauskoppel is greater than or equal to a few millimeters, preferably greater than or equal to one centimeter and more preferably greater than or equal to one decimeter.
  • the organic light emitting device may comprise an organic functional layer stack having at least one organic light emitting layer between two electrodes.
  • the organic light-emitting component may be formed as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), which in operation by at least one of the electrodes visible light
  • At least one of the electrodes is transparent.
  • transparent refers to a layer which is permeable to visible light, whereby the transparent layer may be transparent or at least partially light-scattering and / or partially absorbing light, so that a layer designated as transparent, for example, also diffuse or milky
  • both electrodes of the organic light-emitting component are transparent, so that the organic light-emitting component
  • Component as a transparent organic light emitting Component can be formed. At least in
  • Main surfaces can be radiated.
  • the organic light-emitting component has a Lambert's look
  • Light output surface of the organic light emitting device radiated intensity is proportional to or substantially proportional to cos.
  • the organic light emitting device can be free from
  • Dispersing layers, diffuser elements and / or other optical components which are intended to be
  • Area light source be free of such components.
  • Area light source on at least one inorganic light emitting diode may also have a plurality of inorganic light emitting diodes, which may be formed the same or different.
  • Area light source can thus at least one in addition to the organic light emitting device
  • Point light source in the form of at least one light emitting diode.
  • the at least one inorganic light-emitting diode can in particular emit light on the organic light
  • the organic light-emitting device is designed as a support for the at least one inorganic light emitting diode.
  • the at least one Inorganic light-emitting diode can, during operation, turn light away from a component emitting from the organic light
  • the at least one light-emitting diode may be based on a binary, ternary or quaternary III-V compound semiconductor system which is selected from the material groups AlGaAs, InGaAlP, AlInGaN or an II-VI compound semiconductor system or another
  • the at least one light-emitting diode can have at least one light-emitting active region, such as a pn junction, a double heterostructure, or a light-emitting diode
  • Quantum well structure and electrical contact layers such as metal layers have.
  • inorganic light emitting diode can be used as light emitting
  • Semiconductor chip or as one or more light-emitting semiconductor chip may be formed in a housing.
  • the at least one light-emitting diode may be a surface-mounted light-emitting diode.
  • At least one phosphor which is provided and arranged to convert at least a portion of the light emitted from a light-emitting semiconductor chip light into light having a different wavelength.
  • the at least one inorganic light-emitting diode can emit light which is different from the light emitted by the organic light-emitting component.
  • the organic light emitting device and the at least an organic light-emitting diode can be operated independently of each other with each adjustable intensity.
  • Area light source at least one organic light
  • Radiation direction are aligned opposite to each other.
  • a one-sided emitting organic light-emitting component can be used for this purpose, that is to say an organic light-emitting component which has only one light output surface.
  • the at least one light emitting diode may be mounted.
  • the organic light-emitting component has a photoconductive substrate on which the electrodes and the organic functional layer stack are arranged.
  • inorganic light emitting diode may be mounted on the substrate and in an operating state light into the substrate
  • the photoconductive substrate can thus be referred to as
  • the coupling of light into the photoconductive substrate can take place, for example, over a side surface of the substrate which forms the two main surfaces of the substrate
  • Area light source separate jet-forming
  • the reflector element on.
  • the reflector element can be set up in particular to a desired
  • Radiation characteristic of the surface light source is.
  • beamforming reflector element be possible to produce any desired radiation characteristic in combination with the surface light source, without additional optical layers such as scattering layers or diffuser elements on the surface light source itself
  • Reflector element in combination with at least one
  • Area light source it may also be possible to comply with standards and guidelines, for example, for lighting applications, not from the area light source alone can be complied with.
  • the fact that the area light source is separated from the reflector element may in particular mean that the area light source and the reflector element are not permanently connected to each other. Insoluble would mean that a separation of the reflector element and the
  • Surface light source is not provided and a distance of the reflector element or the surface light source
  • the reflector element is not an integral part of the surface light source and vice versa, but these are elements of the light-emitting device, which are provided independently.
  • the respectively emitted light intensity can be regulated separately from one another, so that the emission characteristic and intensity of the light emitted by the light-emitting device can be dynamically changeable.
  • the at least one light-emitting diode may be part of a module having a plurality of inorganic light-emitting diodes which preferably generate light in different spectral ranges.
  • a multi-colored light emitting diode module may have a variably controllable color emission, so that an additional possibility for controlling the color and / or color temperature of the light emitted by the light-emitting device may be given.
  • Area light source in at least one operating state light at least on the reflector element. That on the
  • Reflector element emitted light is from the reflector element in an environment of the light-emitting device
  • the light-emitting device has at least one operating state in which the area light source does not emit light, or not only directly to the surroundings, but that at least a part of that from the area light source
  • the light-emitting device can thus be operated by a method in which an operating state can be selected, in which the
  • Area light source emits light onto the reflector element, which is in turn emitted by the reflector element in an environment of the light-emitting device.
  • Light can be generated by the organic light-emitting component and / or the at least one inorganic light-emitting diode. According to a further embodiment, the
  • Reflector element a structured reflector surface for
  • Beam forming on This may mean, in particular, that the reflector element has a surface structure which is the Surface light source is at least partially facing and which influences the light irradiated on the reflector element such that a desired radiation characteristic is achieved for the light-emitting device.
  • the structured reflector surface may have a three-dimensionally shaped microstructure.
  • the microstructuring can be structures in one
  • the structuring of the reflector surface can vary spatially laterally, that is to say along the reflector surface, in order to produce a desired local reflection by means of a targeted local reflection
  • the microstructuring of the reflector surface can, for example, be arranged laterally in different spatial directions
  • the reflector surface may have structures selected from wave-shaped, jagged, pyramid-shaped and prism-shaped surface regions which have spatially differently oriented surface regions. Such a laterally different angular positions of the reflector elements or surface areas of
  • microstructured reflector surface may be too local
  • the reflector element may have a plurality of functional layers. This may in particular mean that the reflector element selected at least one or more layers, for example, a clear translucent layer, a diffusely transparent layer, a specularly reflective layer, a diffusely reflecting layer and a layer with a structuring for a locally varying transmission and / or reflection can have.
  • the reflector element may have a specularly reflective layer which has a structured reflector surface on which a clear translucent or a diffuse
  • the beam shape of the light reflected by the reflector element can be selectively varied in order to be used in combination with the one used
  • the reflector element may have a mirror layer provided with a microstructured reflector surface on which a single-layer or multi-layered mirror layer is provided
  • the reflector element As a reflective material, the reflector element
  • other metals are possible, for example metals, preferably one or more
  • the reflective material may alternatively or in addition to the aforementioned metals, for example, one or more selected made of gold, platinum and copper.
  • the reflective material may in this case be formed on one or more layers.
  • a protective coating for example, a
  • Silicon oxide are applied, for example a
  • Such a protective coating may have a total thickness of less than or equal to 1 ym.
  • the reflector element may be a dielectric
  • Layer structure for example in the form of a Bragg mirror have.
  • the layer structure may form the reflector surface and may have a microstructure as described above.
  • a dielectric layer structure one or more of the following materials may be used: SiO x having an index of refraction adjustable between 1.05 and 1.5, including the boundaries and also permitting a columnar structure; A10 x with a refractive index of 2.5; TiO x with a refractive index of 3.1; ZrO x with a refractive index of 2.2; Nitrides and
  • Carbides such as SiN, TiN, AlN, SiC; Salts such as CaF, MgF.
  • Reflectivity of 99.99998% can be achieved.
  • color components in the reflected light can be selectively faded in and out, so that, for example, a change in cold white and warm white light may be possible.
  • the Reflector element by locally selective filtering different colors and / or an angle-dependent
  • Metal layers possible.
  • thin metal layers may be disposed between dielectric layers.
  • this can in particular also result in an angle-dependent color impression of a reflected light. Furthermore, it may also be possible that the
  • Reflector element has micromirror.
  • the micromirrors can in particular be on one of the surface light source
  • micromirrors may also be possible for the micromirrors to be adjustable, that is to say, for example, with regard to their position and / or their orientation relative to
  • the reflector element may be a variable reflector element with which, in combination with a same surface light source
  • Micromirror form the reflector surface of the reflector element.
  • the micromirrors can be reflective
  • the beam-shaping reflector element can with respect to its basic shape, in particular with respect to the basic shape of Reflector surface, be even. Furthermore, a curved shape is possible, ie in particular a concave or convex basic shape of the reflector surface.
  • Relative arrangement of the surface light source for at least one beam-forming reflector element it may still be possible to restrict the radiation angle targeted.
  • the light-emitting device may have a desired radiation characteristic.
  • the light-emitting device may have several
  • the light-emitting device can lead.
  • the light-emitting device may also include one or more
  • the at least one beam-forming reflector element can have further functions and / or properties, for example a temperature dissipation.
  • optical functions for the reflector element can be made by processes other than the
  • Surface light source are compatible, so for example, would damage the surface light source such as a
  • the emitting device to an operating state in which the surface light source emits light in a direction opposite to the reflector element direction.
  • This may in particular mean that the surface light source in this
  • Operating state Light radiates directly into the environment. That of the surface light source directly into the environment
  • the inorganic light emitting diode can be generated.
  • the area light source it may be possible for the area light source to have a
  • Reflector element is radiated opposite direction. It may be possible for the light-emitting device to be operated such that therebetween
  • Area light source has an operating state in which light is emitted simultaneously to the reflector element and in a direction opposite to the reflector element direction. This may be one of the above
  • the optically switchable element may comprise, for example, an electronic ink, a switchable polarization filter, a switchable color filter and / or a switchable mirror with which a
  • organic light emitting device and / or the at least one inorganic light emitting diode is radiated can be controlled in one or more specific directions.
  • optically switchable element can also be integrated in the reflector element.
  • the light emitting device described herein it may be formed by the combination of a surface light source having at least one organic light emitting device and at least one inorganic light emitting diode and a beam shaping
  • Reflector element be possible, a targeted To achieve radiation characteristic, depending on the control of the light sources of the surface light source variable and
  • the surface light source or the reflector element can be exchangeable.
  • a different area light source may be used for different light-emitting devices, while the respective final blasting and / or coloring may be used by each
  • selected beam-forming reflector element is determined. It can in this regard any suitable
  • Coatings with no regard, for example, to the stability of the surface light source, such as the
  • Substrate stability in an organic light-emitting device must be done so that a greater degree of freedom in the reflector structuring can be achieved.
  • microstructuring methods for producing the reflector surface of the reflector element can be used, which are not suitable for surface light sources, for example.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a light
  • FIGS 3A to 4D are schematic representations of
  • FIGS 5 to 7 are schematic representations of light
  • identical, identical or identically acting elements can each be provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the illustrated elements and their proportions with each other are not to be regarded as true to scale, but individual elements, such as layers, components, components and areas, for better representation and / or better understanding may be exaggerated.
  • Light emitting diodes 200 has.
  • the organic light emitting device 100 is in particular as organic light
  • OLED emitting diode
  • the surface light source 10 also a plurality of organic light-emitting components and / or one or more inorganic light-emitting diodes
  • the organic light-emitting component 100 which may also be referred to below as OLED 100, has a substrate 101 on which an organic functional layer stack 103 with at least one organic light-emitting layer is arranged between electrodes 102 and 104. At least one of the electrodes 102, 104 is transparent, so that light generated in the organic functional layer stack 103 during operation of the OLED 100 can be radiated through the at least one transparent electrode.
  • the substrate 101 is made transparent, for example in the form of a glass plate or glass layer.
  • the substrate 101 for example, a transparent
  • Plastic or a glass-plastic laminate Plastic or a glass-plastic laminate.
  • the substrate 101 is formed as a photoconductive substrate. On side surfaces of the substrate 101, which connect the main surfaces of the substrate 101 to each other, inorganic light-emitting diodes 200 are arranged, which can couple the light generated during operation of the light-emitting diodes 200 into the substrate 101.
  • the substrate 101 is thus a
  • LEDs 200 light emitted during operation.
  • Main surface a light output surface at least for that of the inorganic light-emitting diodes 200 in operation
  • the inorganic light-emitting diodes 200 may each be individual light-emitting semiconductor chips that are directly or incorporated in a housing on the organic light
  • the inorganic light-emitting diodes 200 can also be modules with a plurality of light-emitting
  • the light emitting diodes 200 may be formed as described above in the general part and in particular based on one or more of said semiconductor material systems. Furthermore, the inorganic light emitting diodes 200 may comprise phosphors.
  • the electrode 102 of the organic light-emitting component 100 which is applied to the substrate 101 may, like the substrate 101, be made transparent and comprise, for example, a transparent conductive oxide.
  • Transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) are transparent conductive materials, typically metal oxides such as zinc oxide, tin oxide, aluminum tin oxide, cadmium oxide, titanium oxide, indium oxide and indium tin oxide (ITO)
  • ZnO, Sn0 2 or ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 also include ternary
  • a transparent electrode can, for example, also be a transparent metal, metallic network structures or conductive networks,
  • the further electrode 104 on the organic functional layer stack 103 may be reflective and comprise a metal that may be selected from aluminum, barium, indium, silver, gold, magnesium, calcium, copper and lithium as well as compounds, combinations and alloys therewith.
  • the electrode 104 may comprise Ag, Al, Cu or alloys or layer stacks with these,
  • the electrode 104 may also be an above-mentioned TCO material or a
  • Layer stack with at least one TCO and at least one metal with at least one TCO and at least one metal.
  • the lower electrode 102 may be formed as an anode, while the upper electrode 104 may be formed as a cathode. With appropriate choice of material but also in terms of polarity reversed construction is possible.
  • Electrode fittings 105 may be provided which extend under the encapsulation 107 described below from the electrodes 102, 104 to the outside.
  • the electrode connecting pieces 105 designed as electrical contact leads can become transparent depending on the direction of emission of the OLED 100 or non-transparent and, for example, comprise or be a TCO and / or a metal.
  • the electrode terminals 105 may be formed by a metal layer or a metal layer stack, such as Mo / Al / Mo, Cr / Al / Cr, Ag / Mg or Al or Cu.
  • the organic functional layer stack 103 may
  • emitting layer further organic layers, for example one or more selected from a
  • organic functional layer stack 103 may
  • the organic functional layer stack 103 may comprise a functional layer designed as a hole transport layer for effective hole injection into the organic layer
  • a functional layer designed as a hole transport layer for effective hole injection into the organic layer
  • materials for a hole transport layer tertiary amines, carbazole derivatives, conductive polyaniline or polyethylenedioxythiophene, for example, may prove to be advantageous as materials for the light
  • emitting layer are suitable electroluminescent
  • Isolator 106 may be present, for example, with or made of polyimide, for example, the electrodes 102, 104 can electrically isolate against each other. Depending on
  • Embodiment of the individual layers of the OLED 100 also need not necessarily be insulator layers 106 and may not be present, for example with corresponding mask processes for applying the layers.
  • an encapsulation 107 for protecting the organic functional layer stack 103 and the electrodes 102, 104 is arranged.
  • the encapsulation 107 is particularly preferred as Dünnfilmverkapselung
  • trained encapsulation is understood in the present case to mean a device which is suitable for providing a barrier to atmospheric substances, in particular to moisture and oxygen and / or to other harmful substances
  • the thin-film encapsulation is designed to be of
  • this barrier effect is essentially produced by one or more barrier layers and / or passivation layers embodied as thin layers, which are part of the encapsulation.
  • the layers of the encapsulation generally have a thickness of less than or equal to a few 100 nm.
  • the thin-film encapsulation may comprise or consist of one or more thin layers which are responsible for the barrier effect of the encapsulation.
  • the thin layers for example, by means of a
  • ALD Atomic layer deposition
  • MLD molecular layer deposition
  • alumina for example, alumina, zinc oxide, zirconia,
  • the encapsulation has a layer sequence with a plurality of the thin layers, each having a thickness between an atomic layer and a few 100 nm.
  • barrier layers at least one or a plurality of further layers, ie in particular barrier layers and / or
  • PECVD PECVD
  • Materials for this may be the aforementioned materials as well as silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride,
  • Alumina and mixtures and alloys of said materials are Alumina and mixtures and alloys of said materials.
  • the one or more others are others.
  • layers may each have a thickness between 1 nm and 5 ym, and preferably between 1 nm and 400 nm, with the limits included.
  • the encapsulation 107 can also have a glass cover which, for example, in the form of a glass substrate with a cavity, can be applied to the substrate 101 by means of an adhesive layer
  • Moisture absorbing material such as zeolite
  • Adhesive layer for attaching the lid on the substrate itself to be absorbent for damaging substances and / or adhesive layer structures may be present.
  • Encapsulation 107 as shown in Figure 1, a pasted by means of an adhesive layer 108 cover 109th
  • the cover 109 may, for example, by a glass layer or glass plate or a plastic, a metal or a combination or a laminate of the
  • a protective lacquer for example in the form of a spray lacquer, may also be applied to the encapsulation 107.
  • the electrodes 102, 104 are preferably formed over a large area and contiguous, correspondingly, the other elements of the organic light emitting
  • Component 100 be formed over a large area, so that the organic light-emitting device 100 as a large area Light source is formed, preferably with an area greater than or equal to a few square millimeters, preferably greater than or equal to one square centimeter and more preferably greater than or equal to one square decimeter.
  • the organic functional layer stack 103
  • Device 100 is a Lambert 'see or substantially
  • the OLED 100 may be designed as a so-called bottom emitter due to the transparent substrate 101 and the transparent lower electrode 102 and in operation emit light through the transparent electrode 102 and the transparent substrate 101, so that the organic functional
  • Layer stack 103 facing away from the surface of the substrate 101 is the light outcoupling surface of the surface light source 10 for both the light generated in the OLED 100 and for the light generated in the inorganic light-emitting diodes 200.
  • the upper electrode 104 facing away from the substrate 101 may be formed transparent to the in operation in the
  • organic functional layer stack 103 emitted light through the upper electrode 104 in a direction away from the substrate 101 direction, so that in the shown
  • Layer stack 103 facing away from surface of the cover 109 may be the light output surface of the surface light source 10.
  • the OLED 100 is designed as a so-called top emitter.
  • the encapsulation 107 and, if present, also the adhesive layer 108 and the Cover 109 formed transparent. The between the
  • Layer stack 103 disposed lower electrode 102 may, if no light emission of the organic
  • the functional layer stack 103 generated by the substrate 101 is desired to be formed also reflective.
  • inorganic light emitting diodes 200 generated light in
  • the OLED 100 can also simultaneously as a bottom emitter and as a top emitter and thus preferably as
  • the two can be formed transparent OLED and have a combination of each mentioned in connection with the bottom and top emitter configuration features, in particular two transparent electrodes 102, 104.
  • the two can be formed transparent OLED and have a combination of each mentioned in connection with the bottom and top emitter configuration features, in particular two transparent electrodes 102, 104.
  • Light emitting diodes 200 each be generated light.
  • the organic light emitting device 100 for example with regard to the structure, the layer composition and the materials of the organic functional layer stack, the
  • Electrodes and the encapsulation is to the document WO 2010/066245 AI referenced in terms of the construction of an organic light-emitting device and also in the
  • FIGS. 2, 5 and 6 shown below each have a purely exemplary embodiment
  • Area light source 10 which formed according to the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 7 a further variant of a surface light source 10 is shown.
  • the surface light sources 10 of the following embodiments may also have other arrangements of inorganic light emitting diodes 200 on the at least one organic light emitting device 100.
  • FIG. 2 shows a light-emitting device 1 which has a surface light source 10 with an organic-light-emitting component 100 which is designed as a bottom emitter and accordingly has a
  • Has light output surface which is formed by the organic functional layer stack facing away from the main surface of the substrate. That of the inorganic
  • Light emitting diodes 200 generated in operation light is through
  • the electrode of the organic light-emitting component 100 arranged on the side of the organic functional layer stack facing away from the substrate is correspondingly arranged
  • the surface light source 10 thus has only one-sided radiation of the organic light emitting device 100 and of the inorganic light emitting diodes 200 respectively radiated light, wherein the relative radiated light components can be variably adjustable.
  • the light-emitting device 1 has a beam-reflecting reflector element 11 which is separate from the surface light source 10 and to which the surface light source 10 radiates light 2 in an operating state. That on the
  • Reflecting element 11 radiated light is reflected by a structured reflector surface 114 of the reflector element 11 in the desired manner. Thereby, the light-emitting device 1 radiates reflected light 3 into the light source
  • Reflector element 11 can for this purpose a suitable lateral
  • the reflector element 11 and thus in particular the basic shape of the reflector surface 114 can furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, be concavely curved.
  • a convex curvature or a planar design is possible. Due to the shape of the
  • Reflector element 11 a suitable combination of the surface of the surface light source 10 and the reflector surface 114 and a suitable distance between the surface light source 10 and the external reflector element 11, the shading or special emphasis certain beam angle in Be possible with regard to the intensity of the radiated light.
  • the structured reflector surface 114 may have a three-dimensionally formed microstructure having structures in the order of millimeters to micrometers.
  • the structuring of the reflector surface 114 can vary spatially laterally, that is to say along the main extension direction of the reflector surface 114, in order to achieve the desired emission characteristic by means of a targeted local reflection.
  • Reflector surface 114 may, for example, arranged laterally aligned in different spatial directions
  • the reflector element 11 can be formed by a structured single-layer reflector with a reflective material, for example aluminum and / or
  • Silver at least on the reflector surface 114 are formed. Alternatively, it is also possible that the
  • a plurality of functional layers 111, 112, 113 which by a suitable choice of different transmissions and / or reflectivities a desired
  • the reflector element 11 shown in FIG. 3 may be a structured multilayer reflector having functional layers with or made of metal, oxides, nitrides, salts and / or glass.
  • the functional layer 111 may be a specularly reflective layer of one of the aforementioned metals, while the functional one may be the functional one
  • Layer 112 is a targeted light-scattering or not
  • Reflective surface 114 having functional layer 113 may have a suitable three-dimensional microstructure and, for example, also be diffuse or clear translucent. Furthermore, the reflector element 11 may be a multilayer
  • Layer structure may form the reflector surface 114 and have a microstructure as described above.
  • Bragg mirror-like layer structure may preferably comprise one or more of the following materials: oxides such as SiO x , A xx , TiO x , ZrO x , nitrides and carbides such as SiN, TiN, AlN, SiC, salts such as CaF, MgF ,
  • oxides such as SiO x , A xx , TiO x , ZrO x , nitrides and carbides such as SiN, TiN, AlN, SiC, salts such as CaF, MgF ,
  • a plurality of layer pairs of functional layers with different refractive indices are used, for example as in the general part above
  • the functional layer 111 formed as a mirror layer can, for example, have silver and / or aluminum with a reflectivity of greater than or equal to 95%, for example between 96% and 98%, where the boundaries are included, or be thereof, as described in connection with FIG ,
  • a protective coating for example, a
  • the protective coating may have a total thickness of less than or equal to 1 ym.
  • Reflector element 11 has micromirror 115, as shown in Figures 4A to 4D.
  • the micromirrors 115 may be, for example, metal mirrors, for example with or made of silver and / or aluminum, or Bragg mirrors.
  • the reflector element 11 may be a reflector housing
  • Micromirror 115 are shown. This makes it possible to change the beam shape and thus the emission characteristic of the light-emitting device with the same reflector element.
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a light
  • Bidirectionally radiating surface light source 10 has. This allows the surface light source 10 at the same time light 2 on the reflector element 11 and light 4 directly into the
  • the organic light emitting device for example, the organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting
  • Component 100 may be designed as a top emitter, so that the light 4 emitted directly into the environment may have a lambertian or essentially lambertian emission characteristic.
  • the light emitted from the inorganic light emitting diodes 200 into the substrate of the organic light emitting device 100 can be detected by the organic light
  • Layer stack remote main surface of the substrate are emitted as light 2 to the reflector element 11.
  • the electrode arranged between the organic functional layer stack and the substrate of the organic light-emitting component 100 is in this case corresponding
  • the light generated by the inorganic light emitting diodes 200 is radiated in an opposite direction as compared with the light generated by the organic light emitting device 100.
  • the reflected light 3 that is to say the indirectly emitted light of the inorganic light-emitting diodes 200, can be used for beam shaping and thus for setting the emission characteristic of the light-emitting device 1. Due to the side-coupled, separately switchable Inorganic light-emitting diodes 200 can thus change the emission characteristic of the light emitting from the light
  • Area light source 10 may be possible.
  • organic light-emitting component 100 may also be bidirectional
  • Light emitting diodes 200, the color and / or color temperature of the light emitted to the reflector element 11 2 and the light emitted directly into the environment 4 light can be controlled.
  • Figure 6 is another embodiment of a
  • the transparent OLED 100 allows, as described above, in principle a two-sided radiation of the organic light emitting device 100 and the inorganic light emitting diodes 200 generated light.
  • the optically switchable elements 110 are provided and adapted to be switchable between different operating states, so that the emission direction of the emitted light can be changed, as indicated by the arrows 2, 2 4 and 4 ⁇ is shown.
  • a direct essentially Lambertian emission of light 4 into the environment takes place, while in another operating mode
  • Radiation of light can be combined. By changing the emission directions, only one at a time
  • Device 1 of the embodiment of Figure 6 have a switchable beam shape, so that, for example, a change between a basic lighting and spot lighting may be possible. Furthermore, it may also be possible that an optically switchable element on the
  • Reflector element 11 is applied or that the
  • Reflector element 11 as a functional layer has an optically switchable element, so that the
  • Reflector properties can be switchable.
  • the optically switchable elements 110 may be, for example, an electronic ink, a switchable
  • Polarization filter a circuit diagram color filter and / or a switchable mirror, for example, a means of hydrogen switchable metal mirror have.
  • Area light source 10 for example, have only one optically switchable element 110, for example, to the direct radiation of light 4 in the environment on and off.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a light-emitting device 1 in which
  • the organic light emitting device 100 are arranged.
  • the organic light emitting device 100 may be formed, for example, as a bottom emitter, so that the light emitted to the reflector element 11 light 2 is generated by the inorganic light-emitting diodes 200, while the light emitted directly into the environment 4 generates light through the organic light-emitting device 100 becomes. Accordingly, the organic light emitting
  • Component 100 and the inorganic light emitting diodes 200 radiate light in opposite directions.
  • a transparent OLED as an organic light-emitting component 100, so that the light 2 emitted onto the reflector element 11 can also contain light of the organic light-emitting component 100.
  • Reflector element 11 to set the emission characteristics of the light-emitting devices 10 shown targeted.
  • Reflector element 11 and / or in the environment, respectively
  • radiated light can be adjusted and changed. Depending on the emission direction of the organic light-emitting components 100 and the inorganic
  • Light emitting diodes 200 can simultaneously also the Abstrahl characterizing the light-emitting devices 10 can be influenced.
  • Embodiments are also combined with each other, even if such combinations are not explicitly described in connection with the figures. Furthermore, the embodiments shown in the figures may additionally or alternatively have features according to the general description.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif électroluminescent qui comporte une source de lumière plane (10) et au moins un élément réfléchissant (11) de mise en forme de faisceau, séparé de la source de lumière plane (10). La source de lumière plane (10) comporte au moins un composant électroluminescent organique (100) et au moins une diode électroluminescente inorganique (200) située sur le composant électroluminescent organique (100), et la source de lumière (10) émet, dans un état de fonctionnement, de la lumière (2), au moins sur l'élément réflecteur (11), ladite lumière étant réfléchie par l'élément réfléchissant (11) dans un environnement du dispositif électroluminescent.
PCT/EP2015/078965 2015-01-09 2015-12-08 Dispositif électroluminescent Ceased WO2016110368A1 (fr)

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