Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04B—KNITTING
  • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
  • D04B21/10—Open-work fabrics
  • D04B21/12—Open-work fabrics characterised by thread material
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
  • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
  • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
  • E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
  • E02B3/124—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of metal
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
  • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
  • E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
  • D10B2401/12—Physical properties biodegradable
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
  • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
  • D10B2403/024—Fabric incorporating additional compounds
  • D10B2403/0241—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties
  • D10B2403/02412—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties including several arrays of unbent yarn, e.g. multiaxial fabrics
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
  • D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles
  • D10B2505/204—Geotextiles

Definitions

• the invention is in the context of the application of geotextiles for slope reinforcement, for example after completion of civil works, trench type for highways, railways, urban development, riverbanks and waterways, or other works.
• geotextiles can also be used to stabilize river banks or to rehabilitate previously polluted sites or sites that have undergone mining-type work.
• Fascines are also known, that is to say, bundles traditionally used to fill ditches, repair roads or build defense structures, and that is also implemented at the level of embankments and edges rivers, and streams that we also seek to revitalize, or to reduce, or even avoid the phenomena of erosion of runoff or beach as is the case on canals and rivers
• the objective sought by the present invention is to propose an alternative to these natural and old products to simultaneously serve as reinforcement to such slopes, to allow the fight against erosion and finally, to facilitate revegetation in a more controlled and sustainable way.
• the invention provides a reinforcing geotextile, erosion control, and aid in the revegetation made of natural or synthetic fibers.
• the synthetic fibers are at least biofragmentable and advantageously biodegradable.
• the geotextile consists of a knitted grid obtained by the so-called "knit stitch” technology, especially on RACHEL knitting machine, as marketed by the companies KARL MAYER or LIBA, with insertion of frames.
• the invention proposes to use a knitted structure based on natural fibers, bio-sourced, or based on biofragmentable synthetic fibers, that is to say that after a few years, all that remains is small residues, typically a few millimeters without pollutant effects in the treated area, or even completely biodegradable, the constituent elements of the knit being bound together by binding threads, also based on natural fibers, organic -sourced or synthetic biodegradable.
• a geotextile or geotextile is therefore able to ensure, after its installation, a means of combating surface erosion, and in particular the maintenance of the soil and in particular of the topsoil in place.
• this type of geotextile allows moisture to be preserved, able to promote the acceleration of vegetation growth for a period of two to five years. the majority of cases, being that the vegetation takes over after the disappearance of the material in question.
• the grid consists of strands of fibers or cables in the production sense and in the cross direction, of relatively large dimensions, typically capable of having a title of 100,000 dtex, these strands being interconnected by small bonding yarns, the size or titre of which is likely to be between 70 and 4000 dtex and whose diameter is between 0.1 and 2 millimeters
• the bonding yarns may be made of PLA (polylactic acid) ), obtained in a known manner from corn starch.
• the fibers of the invention have a high water retention capacity, typically up to 600% of their weight with controlled biodegradability over two to five years.
• the binding fibers and wicks or cords are chosen in particular from natural fibers, chosen from the group comprising flax, hemp, jute, coconut, bamboo, alfalfa, nettle, or in the group comprising polylactic acid (PLA), aliphatic polyesters such as PGA (poly glycolic acid), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAS), polybutylene adipate (PBA) or succinate (PBS) and their copolymers. These different materials are known for their biodegradability.
• the grid of the invention has openings, for example of rectangular shape, whose dimensions are typically between 3 and 300 millimeters, in order to meet the various functions it must fulfill. Its weight per unit area is advantageously between 100 and 2000 g / m 2 .
• Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a grid according to the invention seen from above
• Figure 2 is a sectional view.
• Figure 3 illustrates the establishment of this grid on an embankment.
• Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a variant of the grid of Figure 1.
• Figure 5 is a schematic representation of another embodiment of the invention,
• Figure 6 is a sectional representation.
• Figures 7 and 8 are schematic representations illustrating the knitting of two different types of grids according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
• FIG. 1 therefore shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention.
• it is a grid in which the wired son or wicks 101 are oriented in the production direction (warp direction), said grid comprising wired son or wicks 102 introduced in the cross direction (frame).
• This grid thus defines apertures 104, 105, the dimensions of which depend on the applications envisaged.
• the dimensions of these openings can typically vary from 3 to 300 millimeters.
• the size of these openings is a function of the characteristics of the site to be treated, including the nature of the soil, the importance of the slope, the type of erosion factors, the desired vegetation.
• the constituent materials of the warp and weft cords 101, 102 are, in the example described, made of the same biodegradable material and, for example, of biodegradable synthetic fibers of the PLA or PGA type.
• They are preferably made of natural fibers, as known from the prior art and typically, jute, coconut fiber, hemp or linen, and from yarn composed of mixed fibers: hemp, nettle, alfalfa, etc.
• binding thread made for example of cellulosic fiber, cotton, linen and / or PLA, with a title typically of 70 to 4000 dtex, and whose diameter is between 0.1 and 2 millimeters.
• FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of FIG. 1.
• the warp son are rectilinear and not wavy, unlike a traditional woven structure; they can be put under load under the weight of the earth, in particular revegetation, without deforming significantly, and thus without altering the installation on the slope of the ground thus equipped;
• FIG. 4 shows a variant of FIG. 1, in which the transverse wires 402 are arranged in continuous frames, the wires or cords 401 in the production direction being positioned in the same manner as in FIG.
• the size of the cords or wicks may vary from 2 to 10 millimeters in diameter and have a titer of between 200 and 100,000 dtex.
• a web 510 typically made of nonwoven fabric or consisting of a woven fabric, a knit or a net with very small openings of 50 to 120 microns in nonwovens and up to 3000 microns in sail, in order to close the openings of the grid 501, 502, 503, and more precisely to constitute filtration.
• this nonwoven or net has a basis weight of 10 to 400 g / m 2 .
• This membrane or veil 510 obviously also made of natural material (flax, hemp, coconut or jute) or biobased (PLA) and in any case biodegradable, has the advantage of retaining fine particles of soil soil on which is arranged and fixed the geotextile, and therefore, in some cases, to promote the protection against erosion by helping the confinement of the soil, especially when laying on the slope of a newly built structure.
• This veil is also likely to fulfill the function of anticontamination or pollution recovery in some cases.
• This web or membrane is attached to the grid concomitantly with the realization of the latter directly on the production machine.
• FIGS. 7 and 8 show two modes of binding that can be implemented in the context of the invention. These bindings are intended to secure the cords or wicks constituting the grid itself, those arranged in the production sense (machine direction) and those in the cross direction (weft direction)
• Tighter weave induces cable compression and promotes anti-slip and anti-erosion features.
• the cord in the warp direction is interposed between the two sets of wires which work in a symmetrical evolution in simple knitting.
• This binding has the advantage of very good control of the geometry of the grid; This may be of interest for applications in which the geotextile in question must maintain the terrain on a steep slope.
• biosourced synthetic son likely to be made thin title, resistant and cost optimized by their industrial production, unlike natural fibers, the realization of fine title is very expensive

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Paleontology (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Revetment (AREA)
• Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
• Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=52779957

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2015
  • 2015-02-17 FR FR1551305A patent/FR3032727B1/fr active Active
• 2016
  • 2016-02-15 WO PCT/FR2016/050342 patent/WO2016132058A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2016-02-15 EP EP16714958.2A patent/EP3259391A2/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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