WO2016166740A1 - Coiffe avec broches d'électrodes rétractables à utiliser lors d'eegs - Google Patents

Coiffe avec broches d'électrodes rétractables à utiliser lors d'eegs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016166740A1
WO2016166740A1 PCT/IB2016/052209 IB2016052209W WO2016166740A1 WO 2016166740 A1 WO2016166740 A1 WO 2016166740A1 IB 2016052209 W IB2016052209 W IB 2016052209W WO 2016166740 A1 WO2016166740 A1 WO 2016166740A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cap
previous
electrode
cap according
internal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2016/052209
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English (en)
Inventor
Nuno Sérgio MENDES DIAS
Francisco José DA SILVA PINHO
Nuno Jorge CARVALHO SOUSA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universidade do Minho
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Universidade do Minho
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidade do Minho filed Critical Universidade do Minho
Publication of WO2016166740A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016166740A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6814—Head
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/291—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electroencephalography [EEG]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a cap with retractable electrode pins for use in electroencephalography (EEG).
  • EEG electroencephalography
  • Document WO2011052847A1 discloses a multi-selective micromanipulator device able to select from a plurality of electrodes which one is to be applied in an EEG procedure.
  • the device of WO2011052847A1 is complex and costly, involving micromachinery and the need for proper positioning of the device over the patient's head.
  • the present invention aims at overcoming these shortcomings among others.
  • the present invention includes a set of features which enables a hardware and software system with the main functions of acquisition, processing & analysis, and transmission of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in outpatient regimen.
  • the invention can be described in two main parts: dry electrodes; hardware and software for signal acquisition, processing and, in particular, wireless transmission.
  • the system includes an internal elastic-fabric cap that supports the electrodes, in particular according to the standard 10-20 for EEG electrodes positioning and preferably an outer hat-shaped cap to accommodate and support the electronic components, cables and batteries of the system.
  • the inner cap features a plastic ring for electrode plugin, according to an embodiment.
  • the inner cap fits to the scalp providing more comfort to the patient and a better adaptation of the electrode to the scalp, according to an embodiment.
  • the electrodes present as key features: avoidance of preparation for signal acquisition (i.e. no need for electrolytic gel); and a mechanical interface which allows a better adaptation of the electrode to any form of the scalp surface.
  • Each electrode is composed of two parts, according to an embodiment: the metallic interface with the scalp and a cable with a rubber support that wires the acquired signals to the acquisition and processing unit.
  • the interface with the scalp consists of 32 retractable pins, according to an embodiment, which are soldered on a side of a perforated circuit board which features a female snap fastener on the other side.
  • Each of the pins presents a system of piston and cylinder with a spring, according to an embodiment, which allows a retraction, e.g. of 1.4 mm, under pressure.
  • the pins are constructed by a Beryllium-Copper alloy and plated with a 0.5 ⁇ gold layer, according to an embodiment.
  • the embodiments of the electrode feature, as main advantages, low impedance on its interface to the skin due to its material constitution and the ability to shape three-dimensionally to the skin, always maintaining contact between the electrode and the scalp, even on spheroid surfaces.
  • the cable of the electrode consists of a male snap fastener, a rubber cylinder and a silicon part that holds the cable, according to an embodiment.
  • the cable fits into the female snap fastener located on the top of the metallic interface, and the rubber cylinder allows the fixation of the entire electrode to the inner cap.
  • OS operating system
  • this unit is responsible for: programming analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) for converting analog EEG signals into digital representations; reading of EEG data samples, saving acquired data into a storage unit, processing of EEG data by an event detection algorithm; and transmission of data and events.
  • ADCs analog-to-digital converters
  • This unit is fully configurable, according to an embodiment, to allow the selection of any number of electrodes between 1 and 32, sampling rates (250, 500 and 1000 samples per second), electrode amplification ranging from 1 to 24 and different electrode configurations.
  • These functionalities are achieved through the combination of two software structures to deal with the acquired data: a kernel driver and a userspace application, according to an embodiment.
  • the described system features several advantages and added value for monitoring of patients with neurological disorders in outpatient regimen.
  • Monitoring of patients is traditionally held in hospital environment under continuous surveillance of health professionals, which cannot be considered a natural and familiar environment and thus may affect EEG recordings.
  • the surveillance time spent by health professionals can be reduced due to the system's ability to trigger pathological events.
  • the paradigm of EEG signals monitoring in outpatient regimen is necessarily dependent on the available environment measurements in order to partially control a naturally uncontrollable setting.
  • the system presented has a set of advantageous features, which allow monitoring of patients in outpatient regimen in non-controlled environments.
  • the advantages presented at the level of the electrodes and the integral processing of the EEG signals in a single hardware and software system enable high-quality monitoring of neurologic patients in non-hospital environments.
  • a cap for use in electroencephalography, EEG comprising:
  • the electrode comprises a support member which is attached to the internal cap and
  • the electrode comprises a plurality of retractable electrode pins for contacting simultaneously with the EEG subject
  • retractable electrode pins are attached throughout a surface of said support member.
  • the support member is pivotably attached to the internal cap.
  • pivotably means able to have some rotary motion and/or inclination motion, not that it requires a ball-joint or mechanical pivot like a Cardan joint.
  • the attachment to the internal cap is such that the pivot motion is given by the elasticity of the cap and does not require pivot joint.
  • the internal elastic cap is an elastic fabric cap.
  • the support member comprises a female snap fastener on the surface opposite the surface where the retractable electrode pins are attached.
  • the internal cap comprises one or more rings fitted to the internal cap where the electrodes are to be attached, wherein the internal cap has an opening fully or partially aligned with the ring opening.
  • An embodiment comprises a connecting cable for each electrode, said cable comprising a male snap fastener for snapping to the female snap fastener of the electrode support member and a cylinder for inserting through openings of the internal cap or through the rings of the internal cap, such that the support member is pivotably attached to the internal cap through the insertion pressure of the cylinder of the connecting cable.
  • the rings of the internal cap are of plastic and the cylinders of the connecting cables are of rubber; in particular the plastic rings are two-part male- female rings.
  • the retractable electrode pin comprises a cylinder and a piston having a resilient member for driving out the piston.
  • the resilient member is a spring, in particular a helical spring.
  • the support member is a circuit board and the retractable electrode pins are soldered to the circuit board, in particular the circuit board being perforated.
  • the retractable electrode pin has displacement of 0.5mm - 2mm, in particular 1mm - 1.8mm, further in particular 1.2-1.6mm.
  • the retractable electrode pin is made of a Beryllium-Copper alloy and plated with a gold layer.
  • the electrode comprises 32 retractable electrode pins arranged in a matrix layout, in particular a 6 pin by 6 pin matrix layout.
  • the matrix layout has an area of 150-250mm 2 , in particular 180-210mm 2 .
  • the retractable electrode pin is a telescopic retractable electrode pin.
  • An embodiment comprises an external cap for receiving and supporting electronic components, cables and battery, in particular the external cap comprises a temperature and humidity-isolated compartment for receiving electronic components, cables and battery.
  • the external cap is a hat or hat-shaped.
  • Figure 1 Schematic representation of an embodiment in what regards to the final structure and communications.
  • Figure 2 Schematic representation of an embodiment of the dry EEG electrode.
  • Figure 3 Schematic representation of an embodiment of the interface between the inner and outer caps and the head of the subject.
  • Figure 4 Schematic representation of an embodiment of the electrode and pins.
  • Figure 5 Schematic representation of an embodiment of the interaction between the head, the electrode and the inner cap.
  • Figure 6 Schematic representation of an embodiment of the software structure used in the system for signal acquisition.
  • Figure 7 Schematic representation of an embodiment of the software structure developed for processing and wireless transmission of the acquired data .
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective schematic and simplified representation of a realization of the system developed in accordance with the invention in what regards to the final structure and communications.
  • the developed system is illustrated as well as the electrodes positioning on the head.
  • the structure in (11) establishes a communication using the IEEE 802.11 b/g Protocol (Wifi) for transmission of data directly (14) to a computer (12) or indirectly (15) through a smartphone (13) which then forwards (16) to the computer (12).
  • Wi IEEE 802.11 b/g Protocol
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the dry EEG electrode.
  • the electrode consists of 32 retractable pins (21) aligned in a 6 by 6 matrix, soldered on the inferior surface of a perforated printed circuit board (22). On its superior surface, a female snap fastener is also soldered to the printed circuit board (23), in which the male snap of the cable (24) is plugged.
  • the cable part also features a rubber cylinder (25) to fix the electrode in the inner cap and a silicon support (26) that allows the fixation of the wires (27) that connect to the signal acquisition circuitry.
  • Fig. 3 represents a schematic of the interface between the inner (32) and outer (31) caps and the head of the subject.
  • the external cap (31) features 3 fixing points for snap fastening (36) to the inner cap (32).
  • the external cap also features a temperature and humidity-isolated compartment on top (35) where the acquisition electronics and wireless data transmission (34) are placed.
  • the electrodes (33) are fixed to the inner cap according to standard 10-20 electrode locations.
  • the cable of each electrode is routed among the inner cap (32) and the outer cap (31) and connects to the electronic circuitry for acquisition and transmission of data (34).
  • Fig. 4 represents a schematic of the electrode and pins.
  • the electrode has an area of 196 mm 2 (42) x (41), each side with a length of 14 mm.
  • the electrode has a volume of 2744 mm 3 or 1960 mm 3 depending on the length of the pins (43) which can vary between 5 mm or 9 mm with no compression.
  • Each pin consists of a piston (47), a cylinder (46), a spring (45) and a head (44), so that the piston, compressed by the spring against the scalp skin, can sense the EEG signals.
  • the head (44) of the pin is soldered to the printed circuit board.
  • the maximum movement of the piston in respect to the cylinder is 1.4 mm.
  • the piston features a diameter of 1.07 mm.
  • Fig. 5 represents a schematic of the interaction between the head (51), the electrode (57) and the inner cap (52).
  • the inner cap (52) includes a series of plastic rings (55) at positions specified by the standard 10-20.
  • Each of these plastic structures consists of a male and female that fit and adhere to the inner cap elastic tissue creating a circular opening with a diameter of 10 mm and thickness of 5 mm.
  • the rubber part (54) of electrode is 11 mm thick, thus enabling optimal plugin and grip of the electrode in designated positions of the cap.
  • the interface between the cable part of the electrode, including wires (58), silicon (53) and rubber (54), and the metallic interface is held by the male (56) and female (57) snap fasteners. As depicted in Fig.
  • the 32-pin electrode with retractable pistons (59) allow the printed circuit board (58) to maintain its parallel alignment with the surface of the head, while each pin change its compression level accordingly (51) and thus, maximizing the contact surface between the electrode pins and the head.
  • different pressures in different regions of the cap are compensated by the level of compression on the pins, without affecting the contact between the electrode and the scalp.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic of the software structure used in the system for signal acquisition.
  • the microcontroller uses a multitasking operating system to establish a connection with the analog-to-digital converters (61) through a kernel driver (64). This presents a bidirectional communication (62) for programming the converters and reading the acquired data (63). Synchronization of the real-time acquisition is established through an interruption signal (65) provided by converters in a scheduled interval. For each interrupt, the kernel driver reads and saves data in a block of memory readings (66).
  • Fig. 7 represents a schematic of the software structure developed for processing and wireless transmission of the acquired data.
  • the kernel driver (71) copies the data block of the memory readings to the shared memory block (74) in an established time window.
  • a flag (76) is turned on, as a shared variable (75) with an application of the userspace (72).
  • the userspace application copies the data through a mapped access (73) to the shared memory, saves the data in a storage unit (79), processes the data in an event detection algorithm (710) and sends them wirelessly to a mainframe (712), in case an ictal or inter-ictal event is detected.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une coiffe à utiliser en électroencéphalographie, EEG, d'un sujet, qui comprend : une multitude d'électrodes sèches d'EEG, une coiffe élastique interne pour porter ladite multitude d'électrodes, l'électrode sèche d'EEG comprenant un élément de support qui est fixé sur la coiffe interne, l'électrode comprenant une multitude de broches d'électrodes rétractables pour contacter simultanément le sujet de l'EEG, les broches d'électrodes rétractables étant fixées sur toute une surface dudit élément de support. L'élément de support peut être fixé de manière pivotante sur la coiffe interne, ou la flexibilité de la coiffe élastique interne est telle que l'électrode est capable de pivoter autour de la surface du sujet de l'EEG. La coiffe élastique interne peut être constitué d'un matériau élastique. L'élément de support peut être fixé de manière amovible à la coiffe interne. L'élément de support peut comprendre un bouton pression mâle-femelle pour fixer la multitude de broches d'électrodes rétractables.
PCT/IB2016/052209 2015-04-16 2016-04-18 Coiffe avec broches d'électrodes rétractables à utiliser lors d'eegs Ceased WO2016166740A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT10837515 2015-04-16
PT108375 2015-04-16

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WO2016166740A1 true WO2016166740A1 (fr) 2016-10-20

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107693013A (zh) * 2017-09-21 2018-02-16 北京机械设备研究所 一种脑电采集支架
WO2018106996A1 (fr) * 2016-12-09 2018-06-14 X Development Llc Fusion de capteurs destinée à une mesure cérébrale
IT201900007407A1 (fr) 2019-05-28 2019-05-28
CN109875555A (zh) * 2019-03-05 2019-06-14 浙江中医药大学 一种非侵入性脑电图记录电极及其制作方法
FR3077723A1 (fr) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-16 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique Electroencephalographes portatifs
WO2019221681A3 (fr) * 2017-12-29 2020-02-13 Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Rektorlugu Bonnet d'enregistrement d'eeg anti-bruit
CN112971807A (zh) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-18 辽宁科技大学 一种脑机接口信号采集系统
WO2023214205A1 (fr) * 2022-05-06 2023-11-09 Oxama S.R.L. Système de surveillance de paramètres biomédicaux pour le diagnostic de troubles du sommeil
WO2024136754A1 (fr) * 2022-12-19 2024-06-27 National University Of Singapore Dispositif portatif de surveillance d'activité biologique, système et utilisations

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WO2011052847A1 (fr) 2009-10-29 2011-05-05 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology Micromanipulateur multi-sélectif
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US20140051044A1 (en) * 2012-08-17 2014-02-20 Yakob Badower Systems and methods to gather and analyze electroencephalographic data
EP2767632A1 (fr) * 2011-11-17 2014-08-20 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation Fibres polymères conductrices, procédé et dispositif de production de fibres polymères conductrices, électrode biologique, dispositif de mesure de signaux biologiques et électrode implantée
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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018106996A1 (fr) * 2016-12-09 2018-06-14 X Development Llc Fusion de capteurs destinée à une mesure cérébrale
CN107693013A (zh) * 2017-09-21 2018-02-16 北京机械设备研究所 一种脑电采集支架
CN107693013B (zh) * 2017-09-21 2020-08-07 北京机械设备研究所 一种脑电采集支架
WO2019221681A3 (fr) * 2017-12-29 2020-02-13 Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Rektorlugu Bonnet d'enregistrement d'eeg anti-bruit
EP4385411A3 (fr) * 2018-02-15 2024-09-18 Nextmind SAS Electroencephalogaphes portatifs
US12357216B2 (en) 2018-02-15 2025-07-15 Snap Inc. Portable electroencephalography devices
FR3077723A1 (fr) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-16 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique Electroencephalographes portatifs
WO2019158534A1 (fr) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-22 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique Electroencephalogaphes portatifs
CN109875555A (zh) * 2019-03-05 2019-06-14 浙江中医药大学 一种非侵入性脑电图记录电极及其制作方法
EP3753486A2 (fr) 2019-05-28 2020-12-23 Vincenzo Camapanale Electrode sèche et dispositif pour la mesure de signaux bioélectriques
IT201900007407A1 (fr) 2019-05-28 2019-05-28
CN112971807A (zh) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-18 辽宁科技大学 一种脑机接口信号采集系统
CN112971807B (zh) * 2021-02-07 2022-08-19 辽宁科技大学 一种脑机接口信号采集系统
WO2023214205A1 (fr) * 2022-05-06 2023-11-09 Oxama S.R.L. Système de surveillance de paramètres biomédicaux pour le diagnostic de troubles du sommeil
WO2024136754A1 (fr) * 2022-12-19 2024-06-27 National University Of Singapore Dispositif portatif de surveillance d'activité biologique, système et utilisations

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