WO2016189192A1 - Enroulement de machine électrique - Google Patents

Enroulement de machine électrique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016189192A1
WO2016189192A1 PCT/FI2016/050309 FI2016050309W WO2016189192A1 WO 2016189192 A1 WO2016189192 A1 WO 2016189192A1 FI 2016050309 W FI2016050309 W FI 2016050309W WO 2016189192 A1 WO2016189192 A1 WO 2016189192A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaped conductors
machine element
element according
core portion
rows
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2016/050309
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Juha PYRHÖNEN
Pia LINDH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lappeenrannan Teknillinen Yliopisto
Original Assignee
Lappeenrannan Teknillinen Yliopisto
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lappeenrannan Teknillinen Yliopisto filed Critical Lappeenrannan Teknillinen Yliopisto
Publication of WO2016189192A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016189192A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/08—Forming windings by laying conductors into or around core parts
    • H02K15/085—Forming windings by laying conductors into or around core parts by laying conductors into slotted stators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/22—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors consisting of hollow conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/24—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors with channels or ducts for cooling medium between the conductors

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates generally to electric machines. More particularly, the disclo- sure relates to a winding of an electric machine. Furthermore, the disclosure relates to an electric machine and to a method for manufacturing a winding of an electric machine.
  • a magnetic flux is developed between the electromagnetically active parts of the electric machine.
  • at least one of the above-mentioned electromagnetically active parts comprises a ferromagnetic core element and one or more windings installed in slots of the core element.
  • the core element can be for example the stator core of a rotating electric machine and the windings can be the stator windings of the ro- tating electric machine.
  • the rotating electric machine can be for example an electrically excited synchronous machine, a permanent magnet machine, an induction machine, or a reluctance machine.
  • the windings are constituted by conductors each comprising a core portion and a layer of electrically insulating material surrounding the core portion.
  • the core portion comprises electrically conductive ma- terial, e.g. copper, for conducting electric current.
  • the conductors are either round wire conductors or shaped conductors that typically have a rectangular cross- sectional profile.
  • the core portion of a shaped conductor can be a single conductor bar, e.g. a copper bar. It is also possible that the core portion of a shaped conductor comprises many conductor bars which have rectangular cross-sectional profiles and are positioned with respect to each other so that a desired cross- sectional profile of the shaped conductor is achieved.
  • the conductor bars can be electrically insulated from each other. It is also possible that the core portion of a shaped conductor comprises a bundle of filamentary conductors.
  • the cross-sectional profile is determined by the layer of the electrically insulating mate- rial surrounding the core portion and/or by resin or other filler material among the filamentary conductors.
  • the bundle of the filamentary conductors may comprise for example one or more Litz wires where the filamentary conductors are individually insulated and twisted and/or woven together.
  • Shaped conductors have certain advantages with respect to round wire conduc- tors.
  • One of the advantages is that inductances of different phases of a multiphase, e.g. a three phase, winding can be made more symmetrical with shaped conductors than with round wire conductors because shaped conductors are located in a more deterministic way in slots and end-winding regions than round wire conductors do.
  • Another advantage of shaped conductors is that the conductor space factor, i.e. the filling factor, of slots can be higher than in a case where round wire conductors are used.
  • a third advantage of shaped conductors is that, in many cases, a shaped conductor can be arranged to comprise a tubular channel for conducting water or some other suitable liquid or gaseous cooling fluid. Shaped conductors are, however, not free from challenges. One of the challenges is relat- ed to slot openings because a straightforward way to construct a winding with shaped conductors is to use open slots instead of semi-closed slots that are commonly used in conjunction with windings implemented with round wire conductors. Semi-closed slots are, however, more advantageous from the view point of air-gap harmonics of a magnetic flux distribution than open slots. Summary
  • a machine element for an electric machine.
  • a machine element according to the invention comprises: - a core element comprising a yoke section and teeth connected to the yoke section, semi-closed slots being formed between adjacent ones of the teeth and the core element being integral so that portions of the core element comprising adjacent ones of the teeth are inseparable from each other without material destructive actions, and
  • - at least one winding constituted by shaped conductors each comprising a core portion and a layer of electrically insulating material surrounding the core portion, the core portion comprising electrically conductive material for conducting electric current.
  • Each of the shaped conductors has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional profile so that the width of the shaped conductors is smaller than the width of the slot openings.
  • the shaped conductors are placed to form, in each of the slots, an array having rows so that the rows are in the lateral direction of the slot, the rows are wider than the slot opening, and the rows are one upon the other in the depth di- rection of the slot.
  • each of the teeth is asymmetric with respect to a geometric plane that is parallel with the shaped conductors placed in the slots and perpendicular to an air-gap surface defined by the teeth, and divides a cross- sectional area of the tooth under consideration into two substantially equal sized portions
  • the placing of the shaped conductors in the way described above makes it possible to use the semi-closed slots together with the shaped conductors having the rectangular cross-sectional profile.
  • Each of the shaped conductors can be, if needed, arranged to comprise a tubular channel for conducting water or some other suitable liquid or gaseous cooling fluid.
  • the tubular channel can be consti- tuted by a hollow conductor bar or by a tube placed among the electrical conductors of the shaped conductor under consideration.
  • An electric machine according to the invention comprises at least one machine element of the kind described above.
  • the electric machine can be for example an in- ner rotor radial flux electric machine, an outer rotor radial flux electric machine, an axial flux electric machine, or a linear electric machine.
  • a machine element according to the invention may constitute for example a stator core and stator windings of a rotating electric machine, or two or more machine elements according to the invention may constitute the stator core and the stator windings of the electric machine so that each machine element constitutes one stator segment. It is also possible that the rotor of a rotating electric machine comprise one or more machine elements according to the invention.
  • the method comprises placing, in each of the slots, those of the shaped conductors belonging to an up- most row that is closest to the slot opening so that:
  • the portions of the upmost row that are farthest from the slot opening are the ends of the upmost row and the portion of the upmost row that is closest to the slot opening is the middle portion of the upmost row.
  • the situation can be, for example but not necessarily, such that one end of the upmost row represents a portion that is farthest from the slot opening whereas the other end of the upmost row represents a portion that is closest to the slot opening.
  • figures 1 a and 1 b illustrate a part of a machine element according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment of the invention
  • figure 1 c illustrates a part of a machine element according to another exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment of the invention
  • figure 2 illustrates an electric machine according to an exemplifying and non- limiting embodiment of the invention
  • figure 3 illustrates a method according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment of the invention for manufacturing a machine element
  • figure 4 illustrates a part of a machine element according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment of the invention. Description of the exemplifying embodiments
  • Figure 1 a shows a section view of a part of a machine element 101 according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment of the invention.
  • the section plane is parallel with the xy-plane of a coordinate system 1 99.
  • the machine element 101 can be a part of a stator of an inner rotor radial flux machine or a part of a rotor of an outer rotor radial flux machine so that the axis of rotation is parallel with the z- axis of the coordinate system 199.
  • the machine element 101 comprises a core element 107 and at least one winding 1 12.
  • the core element 107 comprises a yoke section 108 and teeth connected to the yoke section. As shown in figure 1 a, semi- closed slots are formed between adjacent ones of the teeth. In figure 1 a, two of the teeth are denoted with reference numbers 109 and 1 10 and one of the slots is denoted with a reference number 1 1 1 .
  • the core element 107 is integral so that portions of the core element that comprise adjacent ones of the teeth are insepa- rable from each other without material destructive actions, e.g. cutting.
  • the core element 107 is made of, or at least comprises, ferromagnetic material.
  • the core element 1 19 may comprise a stack of ferromagnetic sheets that are electrically insulated from each other and stacked in the longitudinal direction of the slots, i.e. in the z-direction of the coordinate system 199.
  • the winding 1 12 is constituted by shaped conductors each comprising a core portion and a layer of electrically insulating material surrounding the core portion.
  • one of the shaped conductors is denoted with a reference number 1 13.
  • the shaped conductors have a substantially rectangular profile so that the width of the shaped conductors is smaller than the width of the slot openings of the slots.
  • the widths of the shaped conductors and the slot opening are measured in the x-direction of the coordinate system 199.
  • the shaped conductors are placed to form, in each of the slots, an array having rows so that the rows are in the lateral direction of the slot, the rows are wider than the slot opening, and the rows are one upon the other in the depth di- rection of the slot.
  • the rows related to the slot 1 1 1 are denoted with reference numbers 1 16, 1 17, 1 18, 1 19, 120, and 121 .
  • Figure 1 b shows a section view of the shaped conductor 1 13.
  • the core portion of the shaped conductor 1 13 is denoted with a reference number 1 14 and the layer of the electrically insulating material is denoted with a reference number 1 15.
  • the core portion 1 14 comprises electrically conductive material for conducting electric current.
  • the electrically conductive material may comprise for example copper.
  • the core portion 1 14 comprises a bundle of filaments each comprising the electrically conductive material.
  • one of the filaments is denoted with a reference number 122.
  • the bundle of the filaments may comprise for example one or more Litz wires where the filaments are individually insulated and twisted and/or woven together.
  • Figure 1 c shows a section view of a shaped conductor 133 of a machine element according to another exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment of the invention.
  • the core portion 134 of the shaped conductor 133 comprises bars 136 and 137 made of electrically conductive material and positioned with respect to each other so that the bars form a substantially rectangular cross- sectional profile.
  • the bars 136 and 137 are surrounded by a layer 135 of electrically insulating material. It is also possible that the core portion of each shaped conductor comprises only one bar made of electrically conductive material.
  • each shaped conductor comprises a tubular channel for conducting cooling fluid in the longitudinal direction of core portion.
  • the tubular channel can be constituted by a hollow conductor bar or a tube placed among electrical conductors.
  • the tubular channel of the shaped conductor 1 13 is denoted with a reference number 123
  • the tubular channel of the shaped conductor 133 is denoted with a reference number 138.
  • the tubular channels 123 and 138 are constituted by tubes placed among electrical conductors of the shaped conductor.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section view of an electric machine according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment of the invention.
  • the section plane is parallel with the xy-plane of a coordinate system 299.
  • the electric machine is an inner rotor radial flux machine that comprises permanent magnets in its rotor 224.
  • one of the permanent magnets is denoted with a reference number 225.
  • the axis of rotation of the rotor 224 is parallel with the z-axis of the coordinate system 299.
  • a stator 224 of the electric machine comprises machine elements 201 , 202, 203, 204, 205, and 206 according to an embodiment of the in- vention.
  • Each of the machine elements 201 -206 can be for example such as described above with reference to figures 1 a and 1 b or 1 c.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a method according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment of the invention for manufacturing a machine element of the kind described above with reference to figures 1 a and 1 b or 1 c. The method is illustrated with reference to the slot 1 1 1 shown in figure 3.
  • phase 301 the upmost row 1 16 of the shaped conductors is missing.
  • phase 302 the shaped conductor constituting one end of the upmost row 1 16 has been placed and the shaped conductor constituting the other end of the upmost row 1 16 is being placed.
  • phase 303 the shaped conductors constituting the ends of the upmost row 1 16 have been placed, one of the shaped conductors constituting the middle portion of the upmost row 1 16 has been placed, and another of the shaped conductors constituting the middle portion of the upmost row 1 16 is being placed.
  • phase 304 the shaped conductors belonging to the slot 1 1 1 have all been placed. Further method phases may include for example installing slot wedges and/or casting or injecting resin or some other suitable impregnation material.
  • Figure 4 shows a section view of a part of a machine element 401 according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment of the invention.
  • the section plane is parallel with the xy-plane of a coordinate system 499.
  • the machine element 401 comprises a core element 407 and at least one winding 412.
  • the core element 407 comprises a yoke section 408 and teeth connected to the yoke section.
  • semi-closed slots are formed between adjacent ones of the teeth.
  • two of the teeth are denoted with reference numbers 409 and 410 and one of the slots is denoted with a reference number 41 1 .
  • the core ele- ment 407 is integral so that portions of the core element that comprise adjacent ones of the teeth are inseparable from each other without material destructive actions, e.g. cutting.
  • the winding 412 comprises shaped conductors having substantially rectangular cross-sectional profiles and placed in the slots as illustrated figure 4 where one of the shaped conductors is denoted with a reference number 413.
  • the end-portion of each tooth is asymmetric with respect to a geometric plane that is parallel with the shaped conductors placed in the slots and perpendicular to the air-gap surface defined by the teeth, and divides the cross-sectional area of the tooth under consid- erations into two substantially equal sized portions.
  • the geometric plane of the kind mentioned above and related to the tooth 409 is depicted with a dashed line and denoted with a reference number 440.
  • the machine element illustrated in figure 4 is more suitable for cases where circumferential force acting on the teeth is in the negative x-direction of the coordinate sys- tern 199 than for cases where the circumferential the force is in the positive x- direction.
  • an electrical machine comprising a machine element of the kind illustrated in figure 4 is more suitable for generating torque in one direction than in the other direction.
  • a winding of a machine element of the kind illustrated in figure 4 can be easier to manufacture than a winding of a machine element having symmetrical teeth and slots.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément (101) de machine destiné à une machine électrique, comprenant un élément noyau (107) doté de fentes semi-fermées. L'élément de machine comprend au moins un enroulement (112) constitué par des conducteurs en forme (113) comprenant chacun une partie de noyau servant à conduire un courant électrique et une couche de matériau électriquement isolant entourant la partie de noyau. Les conducteurs en forme ont un profil de section transversale rectangulaire de sorte que les largeurs des conducteurs en forme sont plus petites que la largeur des ouvertures de fentes. Les conducteurs en forme sont disposés de façon à former, dans chacune des fentes, une matrice comportant des rangées (116-121) de sorte que les rangées soient dans la direction latérale de la fente, que les rangées soient plus larges que l'ouverture de fente, et que les rangées se trouvent l'une sur l'autre dans la direction de profondeur de la fente. La disposition de matrice permet d'utiliser des fentes semi-fermées conjointement avec des conducteurs en forme ayant un profil de section transversale rectangulaire.
PCT/FI2016/050309 2015-05-27 2016-05-11 Enroulement de machine électrique Ceased WO2016189192A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20155402 2015-05-27
FI20155402 2015-05-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016189192A1 true WO2016189192A1 (fr) 2016-12-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2016/050309 Ceased WO2016189192A1 (fr) 2015-05-27 2016-05-11 Enroulement de machine électrique

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016189192A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019038139A1 (fr) * 2017-08-21 2019-02-28 Dynamic E Flow Gmbh Pièce d'enroulement et machine électrique comprenant une pièce d'enroulement de ce type
WO2019094597A1 (fr) 2017-11-13 2019-05-16 Essex Group, Inc. Articles en fil de bobinage pourvus de cavités internes
WO2019180308A1 (fr) * 2018-03-20 2019-09-26 Lappeenrannan-Lahden Teknillinen Yliopisto Lut Stator d'une machine électrique et machine électrique
WO2019193246A1 (fr) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-10 Lappeenrannan-Lahden Teknillinen Yliopisto Lut Enroulement de machine électrique
WO2020162763A1 (fr) * 2019-02-06 2020-08-13 Kongsberg Maritime CM AS Enroulement de fil divisé distribué dans des fentes ouvertes
KR20200103689A (ko) * 2017-12-29 2020-09-02 테크노마틱 에스.피.에이. 전기 기계를 위한 연속 바 와인딩 제작 방법
CN113890238A (zh) * 2021-11-02 2022-01-04 南京泉峰汽车精密技术股份有限公司 一种易于散热的轮毂电机绕组
CN115699533A (zh) * 2020-06-08 2023-02-03 尼亚布科知识产权控股有限责任公司 具有用作一外滚道的多个电导体的润滑剂支撑电动机

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1583205A2 (fr) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Machine électrique tournante et procédé de montage d'une bobine sur le noyau de la machine électrique tournante
EP1914866A2 (fr) * 2006-10-19 2008-04-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Enroulement statorique et sa méthode de fabrication
US20100181948A1 (en) * 2009-01-16 2010-07-22 Denso Corporation Motor apparatus with voltage step-up function
WO2012052618A2 (fr) * 2010-10-18 2012-04-26 Lappeenrannan Teknillinen Yliopisto Stator de machine électrique et machine électrique
US20120274172A1 (en) * 2011-04-28 2012-11-01 Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. Stator for rotating electrical machine
JP5704288B1 (ja) * 2014-04-24 2015-04-22 三菱電機株式会社 回転電機の固定子、この固定子を用いた回転電機、及び回転電機の固定子のコイル挿入方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1583205A2 (fr) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Machine électrique tournante et procédé de montage d'une bobine sur le noyau de la machine électrique tournante
EP1914866A2 (fr) * 2006-10-19 2008-04-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Enroulement statorique et sa méthode de fabrication
US20100181948A1 (en) * 2009-01-16 2010-07-22 Denso Corporation Motor apparatus with voltage step-up function
WO2012052618A2 (fr) * 2010-10-18 2012-04-26 Lappeenrannan Teknillinen Yliopisto Stator de machine électrique et machine électrique
US20120274172A1 (en) * 2011-04-28 2012-11-01 Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. Stator for rotating electrical machine
JP5704288B1 (ja) * 2014-04-24 2015-04-22 三菱電機株式会社 回転電機の固定子、この固定子を用いた回転電機、及び回転電機の固定子のコイル挿入方法

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11394262B2 (en) 2017-08-21 2022-07-19 Dynamic E Flow Gmbh Winding piece and electric machine having such a winding piece
WO2019038139A1 (fr) * 2017-08-21 2019-02-28 Dynamic E Flow Gmbh Pièce d'enroulement et machine électrique comprenant une pièce d'enroulement de ce type
CN111066222A (zh) * 2017-08-21 2020-04-24 动态流有限责任公司 绕组件和具有这种绕组件的电机
EP3711069A4 (fr) * 2017-11-13 2021-08-25 Essex Furukawa Magnet Wire USA LLC Articles en fil de bobinage pourvus de cavités internes
WO2019094597A1 (fr) 2017-11-13 2019-05-16 Essex Group, Inc. Articles en fil de bobinage pourvus de cavités internes
KR20200103689A (ko) * 2017-12-29 2020-09-02 테크노마틱 에스.피.에이. 전기 기계를 위한 연속 바 와인딩 제작 방법
KR102660163B1 (ko) 2017-12-29 2024-04-24 테크노마틱 에스.피.에이. 전기 기계를 위한 연속 바 와인딩 제작 방법
WO2019180308A1 (fr) * 2018-03-20 2019-09-26 Lappeenrannan-Lahden Teknillinen Yliopisto Lut Stator d'une machine électrique et machine électrique
CN111819763A (zh) * 2018-03-20 2020-10-23 拉普兰塔-拉登理工大学 电机的定子和电机
JP2021519565A (ja) * 2018-03-20 2021-08-10 ラッペーンランナン−ラハデン テクニッリネン ユリオピスト ルト 電気機械のステータ及び電気機械
US12170470B2 (en) 2018-03-20 2024-12-17 Lappeenrannan-Lahden Teknillinen Yliopisto Lut Stator of an electric machine and an electric machine
WO2019193246A1 (fr) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-10 Lappeenrannan-Lahden Teknillinen Yliopisto Lut Enroulement de machine électrique
WO2020162763A1 (fr) * 2019-02-06 2020-08-13 Kongsberg Maritime CM AS Enroulement de fil divisé distribué dans des fentes ouvertes
US11936261B2 (en) 2019-02-06 2024-03-19 Kongsberg Maritime As Distributed double litz wire winding in open slots
NO345646B1 (en) * 2019-02-06 2021-05-25 Kongsberg Maritime CM AS Distributed double litz wire winding in open slots
CN115699533A (zh) * 2020-06-08 2023-02-03 尼亚布科知识产权控股有限责任公司 具有用作一外滚道的多个电导体的润滑剂支撑电动机
CN113890238A (zh) * 2021-11-02 2022-01-04 南京泉峰汽车精密技术股份有限公司 一种易于散热的轮毂电机绕组

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