WO2016190659A1 - 코인형 이차 전지와 이의 제조 방법, 및 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치 - Google Patents
코인형 이차 전지와 이의 제조 방법, 및 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016190659A1 WO2016190659A1 PCT/KR2016/005527 KR2016005527W WO2016190659A1 WO 2016190659 A1 WO2016190659 A1 WO 2016190659A1 KR 2016005527 W KR2016005527 W KR 2016005527W WO 2016190659 A1 WO2016190659 A1 WO 2016190659A1
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- secondary battery
- coin
- type secondary
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- negative electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0422—Cells or battery with cylindrical casing
- H01M10/0427—Button cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/109—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure of button or coin shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coin type secondary battery, a manufacturing method thereof, and a coin type secondary battery charge / discharge device for charging and discharging a coin type secondary battery.
- a secondary battery refers to a battery that can be charged and discharged by converting between chemical energy and electrical energy by using a material capable of electrochemical reaction at the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- Such secondary batteries are mainly used where a large amount of electric power storage such as a vehicle or a ship is required.
- Secondary batteries include lithium, which generates electrical energy by a change in chemical potential when metal (eg, lithium or sodium, etc.) ions are intercalated / deintercalated in a positive electrode and a negative electrode. There is a secondary battery.
- metal eg, lithium or sodium, etc.
- the lithium secondary battery is manufactured by using a material capable of reversible intercalation / deintercalation of lithium ions as a positive electrode and a negative electrode active material, and filling an organic electrolyte or a polymer electrolyte between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- Such lithium ion batteries have a risk of explosion, and the high price of lithium metal oxides (eg, LiCoO 2, LiMn 2 O 4, etc.) used as the positive electrode active material is expensive to realize a large-scale energy storage system (ESS). It is expensive and can cause environmental problems in the disposal of waste batteries. In addition, there is a high possibility of social issues such as objection to residents when selecting an installation site due to mistaken facilities such as nuclear power plants.
- lithium metal oxides eg, LiCoO 2, LiMn 2 O 4, etc.
- the present inventors apply a solid electrolyte that selectively passes certain metal ions to the cathode portion, and an ion-containing solution (eg, sodium, lithium, magnesium, and combinations thereof) at the anode portion.
- an ion-containing solution eg, sodium, lithium, magnesium, and combinations thereof
- the present invention proposes a coin-type secondary battery, and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein seawater) is applied and the ion-containing solution is introduced from the outside of the positive electrode.
- the present inventors propose a coin type secondary battery charge / discharge device for easily charging and discharging a coin type secondary battery.
- the negative electrode portion, the separator, and the positive electrode portion are sealed by the bonded first and second cases, and the negative electrode portion includes a negative electrode lower case, a negative electrode current collector positioned on the negative electrode lower case, and
- At least one solid electrolyte includes a negative electrode upper case (bonded), the negative electrode upper case includes at least one or more openings, the solid electrolyte is located in the opening in the negative electrode upper case, respectively, the positive electrode portion, sodium ,
- An ion-containing solution comprising lithium, magnesium, and combinations thereof, and a positive electrode current collector impregnated in the ion-containing solution,
- the group ion-containing solution provides a coin
- the description of the negative electrode unit is as follows.
- the negative electrode unit may further include an adhesive disposed on a solid electrolyte positioned at openings in the negative electrode upper case, and bonding the solid electrolyte to the negative electrode upper case.
- the adhesive may include any one or more materials selected from the group consisting of silicon (Si) materials, epoxy materials, and combinations thereof.
- the solid electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of Na superionic conductor (NASICON), Li superionic conductor (LISICON), amorphous ion conductive material, ceramic ion conductive material, and combinations thereof. It may be.
- the negative electrode unit further includes a negative electrode active material layer positioned on the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material is metal, metal oxide, metal sulfide, metal phosphide, carbon ) -Based materials, and combinations thereof.
- the negative electrode unit may further include a liquid electrolyte.
- the liquid electrolyte may include a dissociable salt and an organic solvent.
- the dissociable salt may be at least one material selected from the group consisting of sodium compounds, lithium compounds, ammonium compounds, and the like.
- the organic solvent may be at least one material selected from the group consisting of an ether organic solvent, a carbonate organic solvent, a nitrile organic solvent, and the like.
- the ion-containing solution may be selected from the group comprising seawater, brine, and combinations thereof.
- the anode portion further includes a catalyst electrode positioned on the cathode current collector, wherein the catalyst electrode includes a metal oxide, a noble metal material, a carbon-based material, a perovskite-based material, and these It may be to include any one material selected from the group containing.
- the method includes: bonding at least one solid electrolyte to a cathode upper case; Forming a negative electrode active material layer on the negative electrode current collector; Stacking a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode upper case to which the at least one solid electrolyte is bonded on a negative electrode lower case in order to obtain a negative electrode; Sequentially stacking a second case including the cathode, the separator, the cathode current collector, and at least one opening on the first case; Bonding the first case and the second case; And introducing an ion-containing solution including sodium, lithium, magnesium, and a combination thereof from the outside of the second case to the inside of the second case.
- the step of bonding at least one solid electrolyte to the negative electrode upper case (case); may be to bond the solid electrolyte with the negative electrode upper case using an adhesive.
- the adhesive may include any one or more materials selected from the group consisting of silicon (Si) materials, epoxy materials, and combinations thereof.
- the plurality of solid electrolytes are each selected from the group consisting of Na superionic conductor (NASICON), Li superionic conductor (LISICON), amorphous ion conductive material, ceramic ion conductive material, and combinations thereof. Can be.
- a container filled with a solution containing sodium ions or water is installed in the container and the coin-type secondary battery is mounted therein, the positive electrode portion of the coin-type secondary battery inside the container It may include a jig portion for contacting the solution, a negative electrode terminal portion provided in the jig portion and electrically connected to the negative electrode portion of the coin type secondary battery, and a positive electrode terminal portion electrically connected to the positive electrode portion of the coin type secondary battery.
- the jig unit is installed in a container and a front surface facing the inside of the container is formed with a seating portion for placing the coin-type secondary battery, the coin-shaped secondary battery is installed surrounding the outer peripheral portion between the negative portion and the case of the coin-type secondary battery in the case
- Sealing member for blocking the solution from flowing into the negative electrode portion by sealing and coupled to the front of the case may include a cover member formed with a hole to expose the positive and negative contact of the sealing member on the front surface of the coin-type secondary battery .
- the case may have a circular flange formed along the front outer circumference, and a male screw is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the case to be detachably installed by screwing into a female screw hole formed in the side of the container.
- the case may have a structure in which a ring member for sealing is installed on the flange to seal the case and the container.
- the cover member may be a structure in which a male screw is formed at the outer peripheral surface of the tip, and a female screw is formed at the flange inner circumferential surface of the case so that the cover member is detachably screwed to the case flange.
- the cover member may have a structure in which a handle for rotating the cover member with respect to the case is formed to protrude.
- the sealing member may have a ring shape in which a hole is formed to expose the positive electrode portion of the coin-type secondary battery, and an inner circumferential surface may be stepped to correspond to the outer circumference of the coin-type secondary battery to surround the outer circumference of the coin-type secondary battery.
- the sealing member may be formed of a silicon material.
- the negative electrode terminal may include a negative electrode rod penetrating into the case and electrically connected to the negative electrode of the coin-type secondary battery.
- the negative electrode terminal may further include an electrode plate installed on the case seating portion and contacting the negative electrode portion of the coin-type secondary battery, wherein the negative electrode rod may be electrically connected to the negative electrode portion of the coin-type secondary battery through the electrode plate.
- the negative electrode terminal may have a structure in which the negative electrode rod has a bolt shape and is screwed to the case to press the electrode plate to closely contact the negative electrode of the coin-type secondary battery.
- the positive electrode portion may include a positive electrode rod penetrating into the cover member and electrically connected to the positive electrode portion of the coin-type secondary battery.
- the positive electrode terminal may further include a carbon felt installed between the positive electrode rod and the positive electrode portion of the coin-type secondary battery to contact the positive electrode portion.
- the positive electrode rod may have a structure in which a tip contacting the positive electrode portion of the coin-type secondary battery is wound in a coil form to form a coil spring applying an elastic force between the cover member and the positive electrode portion.
- the positive electrode rod may be formed of a titanium material.
- the charging and discharging device may further include an oxygen supply unit for supplying oxygen into the solution.
- the oxygen supply unit is connected to a container in which the solution is received, a circulation tube through which the solution is discharged, a pump connected to the circulation tube to circulate the solution, and a solution connected to the outlet of the pump and extended above the container and discharged through the pump It may include a discharge tube for discharging over the solution of the container.
- a solid electrolyte for selectively passing specific metal ions through a negative electrode part is applied, and the positive electrode part includes sodium, lithium, magnesium, and combinations thereof, which are environmentally friendly and safe materials introduced from the outside.
- the positive electrode part includes sodium, lithium, magnesium, and combinations thereof, which are environmentally friendly and safe materials introduced from the outside.
- ion-containing solutions a suitable location for large-scale storage systems can be chosen as the representative seawater-rich sea of the ion-containing solutions, thereby reducing the overall cost and causing relatively low environmental problems.
- a battery can be provided.
- the positive and negative portions of the coin-type secondary battery are properly separated, thereby making it possible to reliably prevent a short circuit between the negative electrode portion and the positive electrode portion with respect to seawater.
- FIG. 1 and 2 schematically show a side view of a part of a coin-type secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
- Figure 3 schematically shows a side view of a coin-type secondary battery manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 and 5 schematically show a side view of a portion of a negative electrode included in a coin-type secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing charge and discharge characteristics of a coin-type secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a coin-type secondary battery charge and discharge device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of a coin-type secondary battery charge and discharge device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the coin-type secondary battery charging and discharging device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coin-type secondary battery charge and discharge device according to another embodiment.
- the negative electrode portion, the separator, and the positive electrode portion are sealed by the bonded first and second cases, and the negative electrode portion includes a negative electrode lower case, a negative electrode current collector positioned on the negative electrode lower case, and
- At least one solid electrolyte includes a negative electrode upper case (bonded), the negative electrode upper case includes at least one or more openings, the solid electrolyte is located in the opening in the negative electrode upper case, respectively, the positive electrode portion, sodium ,
- An ion-containing solution comprising lithium, magnesium, and combinations thereof, and a positive electrode current collector impregnated in the ion-containing solution,
- a group ion containing solution provides the coin type
- Figure 1 schematically shows a side view of the coin-type secondary battery.
- the coin type secondary battery may include one positive electrode unit as shown in FIG. 1, but may also include two positive electrode units as shown in FIG. 2.
- the coin-type secondary battery illustrated in FIG. 1 is actually implemented in the form of FIG. 3 in one embodiment of the present invention.
- the coin-type secondary battery includes a negative electrode lower case 1, a negative electrode current collector 2, a negative electrode plate spacer 3, a negative electrode active material 4, and a separator 5 in the negative electrode. ), A solid electrolyte 6, and a cathode portion in which an anode upper case 8 is sequentially stacked, and an anode portion in which an anode catalyst electrode 10 and an anode current collector 11 are sequentially stacked.
- a separator 9 which is a non-electromagnetic conductive diaphragm which prevents a short circuit between the cathode parts, and the cathode part and the second case 12 by the bonded first case 13 and the second case 12.
- the anode part is sealed.
- the second case 12 has at least one opening, so that the ion-containing solution located outside the coin-type secondary battery may flow into the positive electrode through the opening of the second case.
- the case of three openings of the second case 12 is illustrated, but is not limited thereto.
- the cathode upper case 8 may have at least one or more openings, and the solid electrolyte 6 may be bonded to an opening of the anode upper case 8, and the cathode upper case 8 and the solid may be bonded to each other. Bonding of the electrolyte 6 may be accomplished by an adhesive (not shown).
- an adhesive not shown
- FIG. 3 the case in which one opening of the cathode upper case 8 is illustrated is not limited thereto.
- the negative electrode portion may include a liquid electrolyte (not shown), and the liquid electrolyte (not shown) may include the negative electrode current collector 2, the negative plate spacer 3, the negative electrode active material 4, and the negative electrode. It may be impregnated into the inner membrane (5), and the solid electrolyte (6).
- a gasket 7 may be positioned in a space between the negative electrode lower case 1 and the negative electrode upper case 8, and the gasket 7 protects an internal material and is injected into the negative electrode part. It may serve to prevent the liquid electrolyte (not shown) from leaking out.
- the negative electrode unit includes a negative electrode current collector between the negative electrode lower case and the negative electrode upper case including the at least one opening, and a solid electrolyte is bonded to each of the openings of the negative electrode upper case.
- the at least one solid electrolyte As described above, by applying the at least one solid electrolyte to the negative electrode, it is possible to stably drive a battery by selectively passing specific metal ions as described above.
- the form in which the solid electrolyte is applied is as shown in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a part of a side view of the solid electrolyte bonded to the opening in the cathode upper case.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a case in which the opening of the cathode upper case and the solid electrolyte are one, respectively, at least one opening and the solid electrolyte of the anode upper case are present, the bonded shape may be understood. have.
- an opening in the cathode upper case is located, and a solid electrolyte larger than the size of the opening is located at the rear of the anode upper case, and the solid electrolyte is formed on the front surface of the cathode upper case by the opening of the cathode upper case.
- the solid electrolyte is exposed by the opening of the cathode upper case.
- the exposed portion of the solid electrolyte may be a path through which specific metal ions selectively pass, and may be formed to have a larger area than that of a generally known solid electrolyte.
- the negative electrode unit may further include an adhesive disposed on a solid electrolyte positioned in each of the openings in the negative electrode upper case to bond the solid electrolyte to the negative electrode upper case.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows a side view of the solid electrolyte bonded to the negative electrode upper case by the adhesive. Specifically, FIG. 5 illustrates a case in which one opening and one solid electrolyte in the cathode upper case are provided.
- a form in which the adhesive bonds the solid electrolyte and the negative electrode upper case is particularly limited as long as the adhesive is positioned to cover a portion of the solid electrolyte and may be bonded to the negative electrode upper case. It can be seen that.
- the adhesive may include any one or more materials selected from the group consisting of silicon (Si) materials, epoxy materials, and combinations thereof.
- the solid electrolyte it is not limited to a material that selectively passes a specific metal ion (for example, Li +, Na +, etc.).
- the material may be a material having a high rate of selectively passing the metal ions and stably forming an interface with an aqueous solution and an organic solution.
- the solid electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of Na superionic conductor (NASICON), Li superionic conductor (LISICON), amorphous ion conductive material, ceramic ion conductive material, and combinations thereof. It may be.
- examples of the amorphous ion conductive material include phosphorus-based glass, oxide-based glass, oxide / sulfide-based glass, and the like. Can be mentioned.
- examples of the ceramic ion conductive material include lithium beta-alumina, sodium beta-alumina, and the like.
- ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte may be further improved.
- the negative electrode portion may be further included; a conductive polymer membrane, which is positioned to cover the adhesive and the neighboring solid electrolyte at the same time.
- electronic conductivity may be improved by the conductive polymer membrane.
- the polymer included in the conductive polymer film is not particularly limited as long as the polymer has conductivity.
- any one selected from polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, polyphenylene sulfide, polythiophene, pidot-based polymer (PEDOT), and combinations thereof Can be.
- the negative electrode unit further includes a negative electrode active material layer positioned on the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material is metal, metal oxide, metal sulfide, metal phosphide, carbon ) -Based materials, and combinations thereof.
- the negative electrode active material includes sodium (Na) tin (Tn), antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi), and alloys thereof, oxides thereof, sulfides thereof, and phosphides thereof,
- a negative electrode active material generally known in the art, such as a carbon-based material and a mixture of the aforementioned materials, can be selected.
- the negative electrode active material layer may include the negative electrode active material, the conductive material, and / or the binder.
- the conductive material is used to impart conductivity, and any material may be used as long as the material has electronic conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery.
- the binder may be any material as long as the negative electrode active material particles adhere well to each other and the negative electrode active material adheres well to the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode unit may further include a liquid electrolyte.
- the liquid electrolyte may include a dissociable salt and an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent serves as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move.
- the organic solvent may be at least one material selected from the group consisting of an ether organic solvent, a carbonate organic solvent, a nitrile organic solvent, and the like.
- examples of the ether-based organic solvents include TEGDME (Tri-Ethylene Glycol-Di-Methyl Ether), and the carbonate-based organic solvents include PC (Propylene Carbonate) and EMC (Ethyl-Methylene Carbonate). ), DMC (Di-Methylene Carbonate), EC (Ethylene Carbonate), and the like.
- examples of the nitrile-based organic solvents include ACN (Acetonitrile).
- the dissociable salt is a substance that is dissolved in the organic solvent, acts as a source of cation in the battery, thereby enabling the operation of the basic secondary battery, and promotes the movement of the cation between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the dissociable salt may be at least one material selected from the group consisting of sodium compounds, lithium compounds, ammonium compounds, and the like.
- examples of the sodium compound include NaCF3SO3, NaPF6, NaBF4, and the like
- examples of the lithium compound include LiPF6, LiBF4, LIClO4, and the like
- examples of the ammonium compound include Et4NBF4 and Et4NPF6. Can be.
- the cathode lower case and the cathode upper case may be made of metal or nonferrous metal, such as stainless steel (SUS), aluminum (Al), steel (Steel), and the like.
- the negative electrode lower case and the negative electrode upper case may have a coin shape having a diameter of 2 to 10 cm, the thickness may be 0.1 to 2.0 t.
- the cathode upper case includes at least one or more openings as described above, and the opening of the cathode upper case may be 0.5 to 9 cm in diameter.
- the size of the solid electrolyte may be larger than the opening size of the anode upper case.
- the size of the solid electrolyte is smaller than the size of the opening, the solid electrolyte may not be bonded to the cathode upper case and may be separated through the opening.
- the diameter of each of the solid electrolyte bonded to the negative electrode upper case may be 1 to 10 cm, the shape is not limited as described above.
- the negative electrode current collector may be a non-ferrous metal material such as copper foil, nickel foil, stainless steel foil, titanium foil, nickel foam (foam), copper foam, a polymer substrate coated with a conductive metal.
- the negative electrode current collector may be in the form of a coin having a diameter of 1 to 9 cm, the thickness may be 0.1 to 2.0 t.
- the ion-containing solution including the sodium, lithium, magnesium, and combinations thereof may be selected from a group including seawater, saline, and the like.
- the installation place of the coin-type secondary battery becomes the sea, and thus the seawater may be introduced into the anode portion from the outside of the second case by the opening of the second case. have.
- it is suitable for installing the coin-type secondary battery as a large-scale storage system, thereby reducing overall costs and causing relatively less environmental problems.
- the positive electrode current collector may be a coin shape having a diameter of 1 to 9 cm, the thickness may be 0.1 to 2.0 t.
- the positive electrode current collector may be a material of carbon paper, carbon fiber, carbon cloth, carbon felt, metal thin film, or a combination thereof. In the case of the carbon paper, it is possible to minimize the by-products resulting from the oxidation / reduction reaction of the other metal ions contained in the sodium-containing solution.
- the anode part further includes a catalyst electrode positioned on the cathode current collector, and the catalyst electrode includes a metal oxide, a noble metal material, a carbon material, and a perovskite material. And, and may include any one material selected from the group containing them.
- examples of the metal oxide may include RuO 2, MnO 2, Co 3 O 4, TiO 2, LiCoO 2, Ni (OH) 2, and the like
- examples of the noble metal material may include Pt, Ag, Au, and the like.
- examples of the catalysts include graphene oxide, carbon paper, carbon felt, carbon nano tube, graphene, and carbon nano wire.
- the perovskite-based material may be an oxide represented by the chemical formula of ABOx.
- each of the first case and the second case may have a quadrangular shape of 4 to 30 cm in width and length, respectively, and may have a thickness of 0.5 to 5.0 t.
- the second case may include at least one or more openings, and the diameter of each of the openings in the second case may be 1 to 9 cm, and the shape thereof is not limited.
- the coin-type secondary battery may further include a junction part for bonding the first case and the second case.
- the joint part may be made of a material such as plastic, acrylic, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), teflon, engineering plastic, and PC (propylene carbonate).
- the separator may be made of a material such as polymer, paper, cellulose, or the like, may have a coin shape of 1 to 9 cm in diameter, and the thickness may be 0.1 to 2.0 t. .
- the negative electrode part may further include a plate spacer, and the plate spacer serves to connect the negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode lower case while fixing the negative electrode active material in the negative electrode part.
- the plate spacer may be in the form of a coin having a diameter of 1 to 9 cm, the thickness may be 0.1 to 2.0 t.
- the method includes: bonding at least one solid electrolyte to a cathode upper case; Forming a negative electrode active material layer on the negative electrode current collector; Stacking a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode upper case to which the solid electrolyte is bonded on a negative electrode lower case in order to obtain a negative electrode; Sequentially stacking a second case including the cathode, the separator, the cathode current collector, and at least one opening on the first case; Bonding the first case and the second case; And introducing an ion-containing solution including sodium, lithium, magnesium, and a combination thereof from the outside of the second case to the inside of the second case.
- a suitable seawater may be selected as a representative seawater rich in the ion-containing solution, thereby reducing overall costs and causing relatively low environmental problems. Can be.
- the manufacturing of the negative electrode unit may include: bonding at least one solid electrolyte to a negative electrode upper case; Forming a negative electrode active material layer on the negative electrode current collector; And stacking the negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode upper case to which the solid electrolyte is bonded in order on the negative electrode lower case to obtain a negative electrode part.
- the negative electrode comprising: bonding at least one solid electrolyte to the upper case (case); in the negative electrode upper case within, and at least one opening portion is located, respectively, bonded to the solid electrolyte in the opening wherein the cathode upper case It may be to.
- the step of bonding at least one solid electrolyte to the negative electrode upper case (case); may be to bond the solid electrolyte with the negative electrode upper case using an adhesive.
- the bonding may be performed by heat treatment, the temperature range in which the heat treatment is performed may be 150 to 200 °C, the execution time of the heat treatment may be 1 to 30 minutes.
- the adhesive may include any one or more materials selected from the group consisting of silicon (Si) materials, epoxy materials, and combinations thereof.
- the solid electrolyte may be selected from the group consisting of Na superionic conductor (NASICON), Li superionic conductor (LISICON), amorphous ion conductive material, ceramic ion conductive material, and combinations thereof.
- NASHCON Na superionic conductor
- LISICON Li superionic conductor
- amorphous ion conductive material ceramic ion conductive material, and combinations thereof.
- the negative electrode active material layer may be formed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode active material layer may be mixed with a negative electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive material in a solvent to prepare an active material composition, and apply the composition to a current collector. To prepare. Since the electrode manufacturing method is well known in the art, detailed description thereof will be omitted. N-methylpyrrolidone may be used as the solvent, but is not limited thereto.
- the second case including the negative electrode unit, the separator, the positive electrode current collector, and at least one or more openings may be sequentially stacked on the first case.
- the detailed order of laminating the respective components during the step is not limited.
- the separator is positioned on the cathode portion located on the first case, and then the catalyst electrode is positioned, After placing the positive electrode current collector thereon, the second case may be positioned, but is not necessarily limited to this detailed order.
- Bonding the first case and the second case; the cathode part and the anode part may be sealed by the first case and the second case bonded through the first case and the second case. At this time, as described above, the bonding may be made by the bonding portion.
- an ion-containing solution including sodium, lithium, magnesium, and a combination thereof from the outside of the second case to the inside of the second case;
- the ion-containing solution is introduced into the bar, which may be the bonding of the first case and the second case and then immersed in the ion-containing solution, through which the combined first case and the second case
- the ion-containing solution is present on the outside, the ion-containing solution may be introduced into the anode portion from the outside of the second case.
- the negative electrode part is placed on the first case, the separator is positioned on the negative electrode part located on the first case, and then After the catalyst electrode was positioned, the positive electrode current collector was placed thereon, a series of processes were performed to position the second case. Hereinafter, the specific process is demonstrated.
- the manufacturing process of the negative electrode unit was performed as follows, after fabricating the assembled anode upper case and the assembled anode bottom case, respectively, and then bonding them together.
- a negative electrode collector (Current Collector, diameter: ⁇ 10 mm) was welded onto a plate spacer (diameter: ⁇ 19 mm) to prepare a welded plate spacer.
- An anode active material was fixed on the welded plate spacer to fabricate an assembled anode plate.
- the negative electrode active material used sodium metal, it was fixed by pressing on the welded plate spacer (Welded Plate Spacer).
- an assembled anode upper case (Punched Anode Upper Case (diameter: ⁇ 20 mm)) is bonded to the opening of the cathode upper case by using a silicone adhesive to assemble an anode upper case (Assembled Anode Upper). Case) was produced.
- the number of openings and the solid electrolyte in the cathode upper case is one.
- the cathode upper case having the opening formed on the other surface of the solid electrolyte was placed, and the solid electrolyte was bonded to the cathode upper case by applying heat at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- the assembled anode bottom case and the assembled anode top case were pressed and fixed to each other to complete an anode part.
- the crimp fixing was used as a crimper.
- the completed anode part (Anode Part) was fixed to a plastic first case (Plastic, width: 4 cm, length: 4 cm).
- a plastic first case Plastic, width: 4 cm, length: 4 cm.
- a polymer separator Separatator, diameter: ⁇ 19 mm
- a carbon-based catalyst electrode are sequentially positioned, and thereafter, a plastic second case is placed thereon. (Width: 4 cm, length: 4 cm) was covered.
- the second case was used in which three openings are formed.
- first case and the second case are bonded together using a plastic fix bar made of plastic, and then immersed in sea water (purchased in Sigma-Aldrich) and then opened through the opening of the second case. Seawater was introduced to complete the coin-type seawater secondary battery.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the external appearance of the coin-type secondary battery charge / discharge device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the configuration of the charging and discharging device, and
- FIG. 9 illustrates a cross-sectional structure of a coupled state of the charging and discharging device.
- the charging and discharging device 100 includes a container 110 filled with a solution containing sodium ions or water, and a coin type secondary battery 200 installed therein and installed inside the container 110. It includes a jig portion 200 to contact the positive electrode portion 210 of the secondary battery 200 in contact with the solution inside the container (110).
- the charging and discharging device 100 is installed on the jig unit 200 so as to connect a load such as a current or a resistor to the coin-type secondary battery 200, the negative electrode portion 220 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 ) May further include a negative electrode terminal portion electrically connected to the positive electrode terminal portion, and a positive electrode terminal portion electrically connected to the positive electrode portion 210 of the coin-type secondary battery 200.
- the positive electrode 210 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 may be brought into contact with a solution, and the secondary battery 200 may be charged or discharged by applying a current to the secondary battery 200 or by connecting a resistor.
- the coin type secondary battery 200 may be understood as a battery in which the first case and the second case are removed, for example, to facilitate charge and discharge.
- the solution may be, for example, seawater as a solution containing sodium necessary for charging the coin-type secondary battery 200.
- any solution containing water in addition to the solution containing sodium is applicable.
- the seawater used for charging may be used as it is for discharging as it is, and only water may be used separately as a solution.
- the container 110 has a solution receiving space formed therein, the top is open to supply or discharge the solution.
- the size or shape of the container 110 can be variously modified and is not particularly limited.
- the container 110 may be made of a material that is not corroded or deformed in the seawater to accommodate the seawater.
- the jig unit 200 is coupled to the hole of the container 110 such that the positive electrode unit 210 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 is in contact with the solution.
- the jig unit 200 is detachably coupled to the hole of the container 110. Therefore, the jig unit 200 in which the coin-type secondary battery 200 is installed is separated from the container 110 in which the seawater is accommodated, so that the secondary battery 200 may be more easily installed in the jig unit 200.
- the detachable structure of the jig unit 200 with respect to the container 110 will be described in more detail later.
- the jig unit 200 contacts only the positive electrode 210 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 with a solution contained in the container 110.
- the jig unit 200 is installed in the container 110 and the case 130 is formed on the front surface facing the container 110, the seating portion 132, the coin type secondary battery 200 is placed, and the Installed around the outer peripheral part of the coin-type secondary battery 200 and sealed between the negative electrode unit 220 and the case 130 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 in the case 130 to the negative electrode unit 220. It is coupled to the sealing member 140, and the case 130, the front blocking the sealing member 140 to block the inflow and the pressure is in close contact with the sealing member 140, the front hole to expose the positive electrode portion 210 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 152 includes a cover member 150 formed.
- the negative electrode portion 220 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 is sealed in the case 130 by the sealing member 140 in close contact between the case 130 and the cover member 150 to form the positive electrode portion 210. Only the contact with the solution of the container 110 through the hole 152 of the cover member 150, the inflow of the solution to the cathode 220 is blocked.
- the case 130 may have a circular cross-sectional structure like the coin-type secondary battery 200.
- the shape of the case 130 may be variously modified and is not limited to a circle.
- a recess 132 having a groove shape is formed so that the secondary battery 200 is placed.
- the flange 134 is protruded to surround the seating portion 132 along the front outer periphery.
- the case 130 may be installed in the container 110 by screwing.
- the case 130 has a male screw formed on an outer circumferential surface of a circular flange 134 formed along a front outer circumference, and the hole formed on the side of the container 110 forms a female screw hole 112 having a female thread formed on an inner circumferential surface thereof.
- the flange 134 of the 130 may be screwed into the female threaded hole 112.
- the case 130 is a ring member for sealing the flange 134 to prevent the solution from flowing out between the flange 134 of the case 130 and the female screw hole 112 of the container 110.
- 114 may be installed to seal the case 130 and the container 110.
- the jig unit 200 may be easily mounted or detached by screwing the flange 134 of the case 130 to the female screw hole 112 of the container 110.
- the jig unit 200 is mounted to the container 110 and accommodates a coin-type secondary battery 200 for charging and discharging therein.
- the coin type secondary battery 200 is fixed to the cover member 150 which is located inside the flange 134 of the case 130 and is coupled to the flange 134 of the case 130.
- the cover member 150 has a circular cross-sectional structure.
- the inside of the cover member 150 is to allow the sealing member 140 to be fitted, the front center portion has a structure in which a hole 152 is formed through.
- the cover member 150 may be mounted to the flange 134 of the case 130 by screwing.
- the cover member 150 is a male screw is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip, the female thread is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the flange 134 of the case 130, is screwed to the flange 134 of the case 130 is installed detachably It may be a structure.
- the cover member 150 is screwed to the flange 134 of the case 130 to be easily mounted or detached to the case 130.
- the cover member 150 has a handle 154 protrudingly formed to rotate the cover member 150 with respect to the case 130.
- the handle 154 extends long beyond the central axis of the cover member 150 and is formed across the hole 152 formed in the center of the cover member 150.
- the handle 154 is formed to a thickness sufficiently smaller than the diameter of the hole 152 formed in the cover member 150 does not interfere with the hole. Thus, even if the handle 154 is formed across the hole 152, the hole 152 is in communication with the outside without being blocked by the handle 154.
- the sealing member 140 has a ring shape in which a hole 142 is formed to expose the positive electrode portion 210 of the coin-type secondary battery 200, and a step difference processing is performed on the inner circumferential surface so as to correspond to the outer circumferential portion of the coin-type secondary battery 200.
- the structure surrounds the outer circumferential portion of the coin-type secondary battery 200.
- the sealing member 140 may be formed of a silicon material.
- the sealing member 140 is pressed by the cover member 150 inside the flange 134 of the case 130 to seal the negative electrode portion 220 of the secondary battery 200.
- the sealing member 140 surrounding the coin type secondary battery 200 is closely contacted between the case 130 and the cover member 150, thereby providing a coin type secondary battery ( Between the cathode 220 and the case 130 of the 200 is sealed by the sealing member 140. Therefore, the solution flowing into the secondary battery 200 through the hole 152 of the cover member 150 is blocked by the sealing member 140 and does not move to the negative electrode portion 220 of the secondary battery 200.
- the jig unit 200 In order to charge and discharge the coin-type secondary battery 200 mounted in the jig unit 200, a current or a load must be connected to the coin-type secondary battery 200.
- the jig unit 200 is provided with a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal for electrical connection between the positive electrode 210 and the negative electrode 220 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 located in the jig 200.
- the negative electrode terminal part may include a negative electrode rod 160 installed through the case 130 to be electrically connected to the negative electrode part 220 of the coin-type secondary battery 200.
- the negative electrode rod 160 has a long bar shape and extends through the center of the case 130 from the outside of the case 130 to the inside of the case 130. Accordingly, the outside of the case 130 may be electrically connected to the negative electrode part 220 of the secondary battery 200 through the negative electrode rod 160.
- the negative electrode terminal further includes an electrode plate 162 installed on the seating portion 132 of the case 130 to contact the negative electrode portion 220 of the coin-type secondary battery 200, and the negative electrode rod 160 It may have a structure that is electrically connected to the negative electrode portion 220 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 through the electrode plate 162.
- the electrode plate 162 has a circular plate structure, and has a structure in which a groove is formed to couple the negative electrode portion 220 of the coin-type secondary battery 200.
- the mounting part 132 of the case 130 may be formed in a size corresponding to the outer shape of the electrode plate 162.
- the negative electrode portion 220 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 is electrically connected to the negative electrode rod 160 through the electrode plate 162 and the secondary electrode through the negative electrode rod 160 extending outside the case 130. It is possible to connect a current or a load to the negative electrode portion 220 of the battery 200.
- the negative electrode terminal portion may have a structure in which the electrode plate 162 is in close contact with the negative electrode portion 220 of the secondary battery 200.
- the negative electrode terminal portion has a structure in which the negative electrode rod 160 is formed in a bolt shape and screwed to the case 130. Accordingly, when the negative electrode rod 160 is rotated and tightened with respect to the case 130, the negative electrode rod 160 presses the electrode plate 162 to closely contact the negative electrode portion 220 of the coin-type secondary battery 200. do.
- the secondary battery 200 pressurized by the electrode plate 162 inside the case 130 is further in close contact with the sealing member 140, The sealing effect can be further enhanced.
- the positive electrode terminal may include a positive electrode rod 170 installed through the cover member 150 to be electrically connected to the positive electrode portion 210 of the coin-type secondary battery 200.
- the positive electrode rod 170 is in contact with a solution such as seawater, and thus may be formed of a titanium material that does not corrode seawater.
- the positive electrode rod 170 has a long bar shape and extends through the handle 154 formed on the cover member 150 from the outside of the cover member 150 and into the case 130. Thus, the cover member 150 can be electrically connected to the positive electrode portion 210 of the secondary battery 200 through the positive electrode rod 170.
- the outer end of the positive electrode rod 170 may extend above the container 110 and be exposed to the solution contained in the container 110.
- the positive electrode terminal portion may further include a carbon felt 172 is installed between the positive electrode rod 170 and the positive electrode portion 210 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 in contact with the positive electrode portion 210. have.
- the carbon felt 172 is formed to a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the central hole 142 of the sealing member 140 is placed in the hole and contact the anode 210.
- the carbon felt 172 is in contact with the positive electrode portion 210 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 to serve as a current collector of the positive electrode portion 210.
- the positive electrode terminal portion has a structure in which the carbon felt 172 is pressed in close contact with the carbon felt 172 to be in close contact with the positive electrode portion 210 of the coin-type secondary battery 200.
- the positive electrode rod 170 is a coil spring that the front end in contact with the positive electrode portion 210 of the coin-type secondary battery 200 is wound in a coil shape to apply an elastic force between the cover member 150 and the positive electrode portion 210 ( 174) may be a structure.
- the diameter of the coil spring 174 is sufficient if it can press the carbon felt 172 is not particularly limited.
- the coil spring 174 forming the inner end of the anode rod 170 is applied to the carbon felt 172 by the elastic force while being supported by the handle 154 of the cover member 150, the carbon felt 172 ) Is pressed and adhered to the positive electrode portion 210 of the secondary battery 200.
- the contact of the carbon felt 172 with the positive electrode portion 210 is in close contact can increase the current collecting effect.
- FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a coin-type secondary battery charge / discharge device.
- the charge / discharge device 100 of this embodiment has a structure in which oxygen is supplied by circulating a solution in the container 110.
- the charge / discharge device of this embodiment has the same structure as the other embodiments except for the oxygen supply structure, and therefore, the same reference numerals are used for the components already described in the following description, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the charging and discharging device 100 of the present embodiment further includes an oxygen supply unit 230 for supplying oxygen into the solution of the container 110.
- the discharge efficiency of the charge / discharge device for the coin-type secondary battery can be improved.
- the oxygen supply unit 230 is connected to a container 110 in which the solution is received, a circulation pipe 233 for discharging the solution, and a pump 232 connected to the circulation pipe 233 to circulate the solution, and the pump ( It may include a discharge tube 234 connected to the outlet side of the 232 and extended to the upper portion of the container to discharge the solution discharged through the pump 232 onto the surface of the solution of the container 110.
- the housing 231 for installing the pump 232 is coupled to the outside of the container.
- a configuration for driving the pump 232 and the pump 232 or adjusting the flow rate may be provided in the housing 231.
- an on-off switch of the pump 232 or a switch 235 for adjusting the flow rate may be installed outside the housing 231 to operate the pump 232.
- the pump 232 is directly connected to the inside of the container via the circulation pipe 233.
- the circulation pipe 233 may be penetrated through the lower side of the container 110 and connected to the pump 232 inlet.
- the solution contained in the container 110 is introduced into the pump 232 through the circulation pipe 233.
- the outlet side of the pump 232 is connected to the upper portion of the container via the discharge pipe 234.
- the tip of the discharge tube 234 extending above the container 110 is spaced apart from the surface of the solution so as not to directly contact the solution contained in the container.
- the solution transferred to the discharge tube 234 according to the driving of the pump 232 is discharged from the tip of the discharge tube 234 and falls down on the surface of the solution.
- the air bubbles flow into the solution contained in the container together with the solution falling from the discharge tube 234, and oxygen in the air is supplied into the solution.
- the solution is circulated continuously according to the operation of the pump 232, air is supplied to the solution, and oxygen in the air is continuously supplied to the solution.
- oxygen (O2) is required for the discharge mechanism of the coin-type secondary battery, and in the case of the present apparatus, the solution is circulated to continuously supply oxygen in the air into the solution, thereby maximizing the discharge reaction efficiency. Will be.
- the jig unit 200 in which the secondary battery 200 is mounted is separated from the container 110 in which the solution is accommodated, the jig unit 200 is detached from the container 110 to easily mount the secondary battery 200. You can do it.
- the sealing member 140 is installed on the coin-type secondary battery 200. Sealing member 140 is formed in a ring shape is coupled while wrapping the outer peripheral surface of the coin-type secondary battery 200. The positive and negative electrode portions 210 and 220 of the secondary battery 200 are exposed through open surfaces of the sealing member 140, respectively.
- the sealing member 140 to which the secondary battery 200 is coupled is placed in the mounting groove of the case 130.
- An electrode plate 162 in which the negative electrode part 220 of the secondary battery 200 is inserted and fitted into the mounting groove of the case 130 is disposed, and the negative electrode part 220 of the secondary battery 200 is connected to the electrode plate 162. Combined and placed in case 130.
- the carbon felt 172 is positioned on the cathode 210 of the secondary battery 200, and the cover member 150 is coupled to the case 130.
- the sealing member 140 is pressed by the cover member 150, and the cover member 150 is completely sealed between the secondary battery 200 and the case 130.
- the cathode 220 of the secondary battery 200 is sealed between the case 130.
- the coil spring 174 is a carbon felt 172.
- the carbon felt 172 is in close contact with the secondary battery positive electrode 210.
- the electrode plate 162 may pressurize the secondary battery 200 to maximize current collection efficiency by the electrode plate 162 and the carbon felt 172.
- the adhesion of the sealing member 140 is increased, thereby increasing the sealing effect of the negative electrode unit 220 with respect to the solution.
- the jig unit 200 is coupled to the container 110.
- the cover member 150 of the jig part 200 is positioned inside the container 110.
- the solution is supplied into the container 110.
- the solution is introduced into the jig part 200 through the hole 152 formed in the cover member 150, and the solution is in contact with the positive electrode part 210 of the secondary battery 200 installed in the jig part 200.
- the negative electrode part 220 of the secondary battery 200 is disposed on the opposite side of the positive electrode part 210 and is sealed by the sealing member 140, and thus does not come into contact with the solution.
- a solution containing sodium as a solution for example seawater
- the coin-type secondary battery 200 may be charged.
- seawater may be used as a solution or water may be separately supplied into the container 110.
- a load is applied to the negative electrode rod 160 and the positive electrode rod 170 mounted on the jig unit 200 in a state in which a solution such as sea water is filled in the container 110 from the positive electrode portion 210 of the secondary battery 200.
- the sodium ions move to the solution in contact with the anode 210, the discharge is performed.
- the coin-type secondary battery 200 can be easily charged or discharged using a solution such as seawater through the charge / discharge device 100 of the present embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
| 평가 회차 | 평가 결과 | ||||
| 개방 회로 전압(OCV) | 충전 시 전압(Charge Voltage) | 방전 시 전압(Discharge Voltage) | 옴 저항(Ohmic Resistance) | 쿨롱 효율(Columbic Efficiency) | |
| 1 | 2.85 V | 3.80 V | 2.78 V | 58.3 Ω | 93% |
| 2 | 2.91 V | 3.83 V | 2.81 V | 59.4 Ω | 95% |
| 3 | 2.87 V | 3.79 V | 2.79 V | 58.1 Ω | 94% |
| 4 | 2.90 V | 3.81 V | 2.80 V | 59.3 Ω | 92% |
| 5 | 2.88 V | 3.77 V | 2.78 V | 58.2 Ω | 90% |
Claims (32)
- 음극부;양극부;상기 음극부 및 상기 양극부 사이에 위치하는, 분리막(separator);상기 음극부 외부에 위치하는, 제1 케이스(case); 및상기 양극부 외부에 위치하며, 적어도 하나 이상의 개구부를 포함하는, 제2 케이스(case);를 포함하는 코인 형태의 이차 전지이며,상기 제1 케이스 및 상기 제2 케이스는 서로 접합된 형태이고,상기 접합된 제1 케이스 및 제2 케이스에 의해 상기 음극부, 상기 분리막, 및 상기 양극부가 밀봉되고,상기 음극부는, 음극 하부 케이스(case), 상기 음극 하부 케이스 상에 위치하는 음극 집전체, 및 적어도 하나 이상의 고체 전해질이 접합된 음극 상부 케이스(case)를 포함하고,상기 음극 상부 케이스는 적어도 하나 이상의 개구부를 포함하고, 상기 고체 전해질은 상기 음극 상부 케이스 내 개구부에 각각 위치하고,상기 양극부는, 나트륨, 리튬, 마그네슘, 및 이들의 조합을 포함하는 이온 함유 용액, 및 상기 이온 함유 용액에 함침된 양극 집전체를 포함하고,상기 이온 함유 용액은, 상기 제2 케이스의 개구부에 의해, 상기 제2 케이스의 외부로부터 유입되는 것인,코인형 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 음극부는,상기 음극 상부 케이스 내 개구부에 각각 위치하는 고체 전해질 상에 위치하여, 상기 고체 전해질을 상기 음극 상부 케이스와 접합시키는 접착제를 더 포함하는,코인형 이차 전지.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 접착제는,실리콘(Si)계 물질, 에폭시계 물질, 및 이들의 조합을 포함하는 군에서 선택되는 어느 하나 이상의 물질을 포함하는 것인,코인형 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 음극부에서,상기 고체 전해질은,나시콘(Na superionic conductor, NASICON), 리시콘 (Li superionic conductor, LISICON), 비정질 이온 전도성 물질, 세라믹 이온 전도성 물질, 및 이들의 조합을 포함하는 군에서 선택되는 것인,코인형 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 음극부에서,상기 음극 집전체 상에 위치하는 음극 활물질 층을 더 포함하고,상기 음극 활물질 층은 음극 활물질을 포함하고,상기 음극 활물질은 금속, 금속 산화물, 금속 황화물, 금속 인화물, 카본(carbon)계 물질, 및 이들의 조합을 포함하는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나 이상의 물질인,코인형 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 음극부는,액체 전해질을 더 포함하는,코인형 이차 전지.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 액체 전해질은,해리 가능한 염 및 유기 용매를 포함하는 것인,코인형 이차 전지.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 해리 가능한 염은,나트륨 화합물, 리튬 화합물, 암모늄 화합물, 및 이들을 포함하는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나 이상의 물질인,코인형 이차 전지.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 유기 용매는,에터(ether)계 유기 용매, 카보네이트(carbonate)계 유기 용매, 나이트릴(nitrile)계 유기 용매, 및 이들을 포함하는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나 이상의 물질인,코인형 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 양극부에서,상기 나트륨, 리튬, 마그네슘, 및 이들의 조합을 포함하는 이온 함유 용액은,해수, 염수, 및 이들의 포함하는 군에서 선택되는 것인,코인형 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 양극부는,상기 양극 집전체 상에 위치하는 촉매 전극을 더 포함하고,상기 촉매 전극은, 금속 산화물, 귀금속(novel metal) 물질, 탄소계 물질, 페로브스카이트(perovskite)계 물질, 및 이들의 포함하는 군에서 선택되는 어느 하나의 물질을 포함하는 것인,코인형 이차 전지.
- 음극 상부 케이스(case)에 적어도 하나 이상의 고체 전해질을 접합시키는 단계;음극 집전체 상에 음극 활물질 층을 형성시키는 단계;음극 하부 케이스(case) 상에, 상기 음극 활물질 층이 형성된 음극 집전체, 상기 적어도 하나 이상의 고체 전해질이 접합된 음극 상부 케이스를 순서대로 적층시켜, 음극부로 수득하는 단계;제1 케이스 상에, 음극부, 분리막, 양극 집전체, 및 적어도 하나 이상의 개구부를 포함하는 제2 케이스를 순서대로 적층시키는 단계;상기 제1 케이스 및 상기 제2 케이스를 접합시키는 단계; 및상기 제2 케이스의 외부로부터 내부로 나트륨, 리튬, 마그네슘, 및 이들의 조합을 포함하는 이온 함유 용액을 유입시키는 단계;를 포함하는 코인형 이차 전지의 제조 방법이며,상기 음극 상부 케이스(case)에 적어도 하나 이상의 고체 전해질을 접합시키는 단계;에서, 상기 음극 상부 케이스 내 적어도 하나 이상의 개구부가 위치하며, 상기 음극 상부 케이스 내 개구부에 각각 상기 고체 전해질을 접합시키고,상기 제2 케이스의 외부로부터 상기 양극부로 나트륨, 리튬, 마그네슘, 및 이들의 조합을 포함하는 이온 함유 용액을 유입시키는 단계;에서, 상기 제2 케이스의 개구부에 의해, 상기 제2 케이스의 외부로부터 상기 양극부로 상기 이온 함유 용액을 유입시키는 것인,코인형 이차 전지의 제조 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 음극 상부 케이스(case)에 복수의 고체 전해질을 접합시키는 단계;는,접착제를 사용하여 상기 복수의 고체 전해질을 상기 음극 상부 케이스와 접합시키는 것인,코인형 이차 전지의 제조 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 접착제는,실리콘(Si)계 물질, 에폭시계 물질, 및 이들의 조합을 포함하는 군에서 선택되는 어느 하나 이상의 물질을 포함하는 것인,코인형 이차 전지의 제조 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 고체 전해질은,나시콘(Na superionic conductor, NASICON), 리시콘 (Li superionic conductor, LISICON), 비정질 이온 전도성 물질, 세라믹 이온 전도성 물질, 및 이들의 조합을 포함하는 군에서 선택되는 것인,코인형 이차 전지의 제조 방법.
- 나트륨이온 또는 물을 포함하는 용액이 채워지는 용기,상기 용기에 설치되고 내부에는 코인형 이차전지가 장착되어 코인형 이차전지의 양극부를 용기 내부의 용액에 접하도록 하는 지그부,상기 지그부에 설치되어 상기 코인형 이차전지의 음극부와 전기적으로 접속되는 음극단자부, 및상기 코인형 이차전지의 양극부와 전기적으로 접속되는 양극단자부를 포함하는 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 16 항에 있어서,상기 용액 내에 산소를 공급하기 위한 산소공급부를 더 포함하는 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 17 항에 있어서,상기 산소공급부는 용액이 수용되는 용기에 연결되어 용액이 배출되는 순환관과, 상기 순환관에 연결되어 용액을 순환시키는 펌프, 상기 펌프의 출측에 연결되고 용기 상부로 연장되어 펌프를 통해 배출되는 용액을 용기의 용액 위로 배출하는 토출관을 포함하는 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 16 항 내지 제 18 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 지그부는 용기에 설치되고 용기 내부를 향하는 전면에는 코인형 이차전지가 놓여지는 안착부가 형성된 케이스, 상기 코인형 이차전지 외주부를 감싸며 설치되고 상기 케이스 내에서 상기 코인형 이차전지의 음극부와 케이스 사이를 실링하여 용액이 음극부로 유입되는 것을 차단하는 실링부재, 및 상기 케이스 전면에 결합되어 상기 실링부재를 가압 밀착시키며 전면에는 코인형 이차전지의 양극부가 노출되도록 구멍이 형성된 커버부재를 포함하는 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 19 항에 있어서,상기 케이스는 전면 외주부를 따라 원형의 플랜지가 형성되고, 상기 플랜지 외주면에는 수나사가 형성되어, 상기 용기 측면에 형성된 암나사홀에 나사결합되어 착탈가능하게 설치되는 구조의 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 20 항에 있어서,상기 케이스는 플랜지에 실링을 위한 링부재가 설치되어 케이스와 용기 사이를 밀폐하는 구조의 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 19 항에 있어서,상기 커버부재는 선단 외주면에 수나사가 형성되고, 상기 케이스의 플랜지 내주면에는 암나사가 형성되어, 케이스 플랜지에 나사결합되어 착탈가능하게 설치되는 구조의 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 22 항에 있어서,상기 커버부재에는 케이스에 대해 커버부재를 회전시키기 위한 손잡이가 돌출 형성된 구조의 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 19 항에 있어서,상기 실링부재는 코인형 이차전지의 양극부가 노출되도록 구멍이 형성된 링 형태를 이루고, 내주면에는 코인형 이차전지의 외주부에 대응되도록 단차가공되어 코인형 이차전지의 외주부를 감싸는 구조의 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 24 항에 있어서,상기 실링부재는 실리콘 재질로 형성된 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 19 항에 있어서,상기 음극단자부는 케이스 내부로 관통 설치되어 상기 코인형 이차전지의 음극부와 전기적으로 접속되는 음극로드를 포함하는 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 26 항에 있어서,상기 음극단자부는 상기 케이스 안착부에 설치되어 코인형 이차전지의 음극부에 접하는 전극판을 더 포함하여, 상기 음극로드는 전극판을 통해 코인형 이차전지의 음극부와 전기적으로 접속되는 구조의 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 27 항에 있어서,상기 음극단자부는 상기 음극로드가 볼트 형태로 이루어져 상기 케이스에 나사결합되어, 상기 전극판을 가압하여 코인형 이차전지의 음극부에 밀착시키는 구조의 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 19 항에 있어서,상기 양극단자부는 상기 커버부재 내부로 관통 설치되어 상기 코인형 이차전지의 양극부에 전기적으로 접속되는 양극로드를 포함하는 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 29 항에 있어서,상기 양극단자부는 양극로드와 상기 코인형 이차전지의 양극부 사이에 설치되어 양극부에 접하는 카본펠트를 더 포함하는 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 30 항에 있어서,상기 양극로드는 코인형 이차전지의 양극부에 접하는 선단이 코일 형태로 감겨져 커버부재와 양극부 사이에서 탄성력을 가하는 코일 스프링을 이루는 구조의 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
- 제 31 항에 있어서,상기 양극로드는 티타늄 재질로 형성된 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치.
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| EP16800298.8A EP3306728B1 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2016-05-25 | Coin-type secondary battery and manufacturing method therefor |
| US15/576,762 US11088387B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2016-05-25 | Coin-type secondary battery, manufacturing method therefor, and apparatus for charging/discharging coin-type secondary battery |
| JP2017561661A JP6681412B2 (ja) | 2015-05-26 | 2016-05-25 | コイン形二次電池とその製造方法 |
| EP19157455.7A EP3531489B1 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2016-05-25 | Apparatus for charging/discharging coin-type secondary battery |
| US16/685,168 US11196077B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2019-11-15 | Coin-type secondary battery, manufacturing method therefor, and apparatus for charging/discharging coin-type secondary battery |
| US16/685,054 US11211633B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2019-11-15 | Coin-type secondary battery, manufacturing method therefor, and apparatus for charging/discharging coin-type secondary battery |
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| KR1020150073108A KR101675481B1 (ko) | 2015-05-26 | 2015-05-26 | 코인형 이차 전지, 및 이의 제조 방법 |
| KR10-2015-0073108 | 2015-05-26 | ||
| KR10-2016-0059039 | 2016-05-13 | ||
| KR1020160059039A KR101675482B1 (ko) | 2016-05-13 | 2016-05-13 | 코인형 이차 전지 충방전 장치 |
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| US16/685,054 Division US11211633B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2019-11-15 | Coin-type secondary battery, manufacturing method therefor, and apparatus for charging/discharging coin-type secondary battery |
| US16/685,168 Division US11196077B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2019-11-15 | Coin-type secondary battery, manufacturing method therefor, and apparatus for charging/discharging coin-type secondary battery |
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| US20140076730A1 (en) * | 2012-03-04 | 2014-03-20 | Indiana University Research and Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for extracting energy and metal from seawater electrodes |
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- 2016-05-25 EP EP19157455.7A patent/EP3531489B1/en active Active
- 2016-05-25 US US15/576,762 patent/US11088387B2/en active Active
- 2016-05-25 EP EP16800298.8A patent/EP3306728B1/en active Active
- 2016-05-25 JP JP2017561661A patent/JP6681412B2/ja active Active
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2019
- 2019-02-25 JP JP2019032119A patent/JP6869280B2/ja active Active
- 2019-11-15 US US16/685,168 patent/US11196077B2/en active Active
- 2019-11-15 US US16/685,054 patent/US11211633B2/en active Active
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| KR101238898B1 (ko) * | 2010-08-12 | 2013-03-04 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | 해수로부터 리튬, 탄산리튬 및 수산화 리튬을 고순도로 회수하는 방법과, 리튬 2차전지 양극재 및 리튬 2차전지용 LiFePO₄양극재의 제조 방법 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2018524758A (ja) * | 2016-06-03 | 2018-08-30 | ユニスト(ウルサン ナショナル インスティテュート オブ サイエンス アンド テクノロジー) | 二次電池モジュールおよび二次電池モジュールの製造方法 |
| US10573928B2 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2020-02-25 | Unist (Ulsan National Institute Of Science And Technology) | Rechargeable battery module and method for manufacturing the same |
| WO2019009561A1 (ko) * | 2017-07-03 | 2019-01-10 | 울산과학기술원 | 고체전해질 및 그 제조방법, 이를 이용한 해수전지 |
| US11217818B2 (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2022-01-04 | Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology | Sodium ion storage material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20200091543A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
| EP3306728A4 (en) | 2018-08-01 |
| JP2018517252A (ja) | 2018-06-28 |
| EP3306728C0 (en) | 2023-10-11 |
| EP3306728A1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
| US11088387B2 (en) | 2021-08-10 |
| EP3531489C0 (en) | 2024-02-07 |
| US11196077B2 (en) | 2021-12-07 |
| JP2019083208A (ja) | 2019-05-30 |
| JP6869280B2 (ja) | 2021-05-12 |
| EP3531489A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
| EP3306728B1 (en) | 2023-10-11 |
| US11211633B2 (en) | 2021-12-28 |
| US20180301738A1 (en) | 2018-10-18 |
| JP6681412B2 (ja) | 2020-04-15 |
| US20200153029A1 (en) | 2020-05-14 |
| EP3531489B1 (en) | 2024-02-07 |
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