WO2016201512A1 - Potentialisateurs anti-fongiques - Google Patents

Potentialisateurs anti-fongiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016201512A1
WO2016201512A1 PCT/AU2016/050504 AU2016050504W WO2016201512A1 WO 2016201512 A1 WO2016201512 A1 WO 2016201512A1 AU 2016050504 W AU2016050504 W AU 2016050504W WO 2016201512 A1 WO2016201512 A1 WO 2016201512A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
preservative
compounds
formulation according
tertiary amine
wood
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU2016/050504
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English (en)
Inventor
David Humphrey
Brett Skewes
Shane MCFARLING
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arch Wood Protection Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Arch Wood Protection Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2015902298A external-priority patent/AU2015902298A0/en
Application filed by Arch Wood Protection Pty Ltd filed Critical Arch Wood Protection Pty Ltd
Priority to AU2016281197A priority Critical patent/AU2016281197B2/en
Priority to CN201680035750.XA priority patent/CN107683192A/zh
Priority to NZ737722A priority patent/NZ737722A/en
Publication of WO2016201512A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016201512A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to AU2020213343A priority patent/AU2020213343B2/en
Priority to AU2022221397A priority patent/AU2022221397A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
    • A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
    • A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • A01N33/04—Nitrogen directly attached to aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/38—Aromatic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/38—Aromatic compounds
    • B27K3/42—Aromatic compounds nitrated, or nitrated and halogenated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/50—Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
    • B27K2200/10—Articles made of particles or fibres consisting of wood or other lignocellulosic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
    • B27K2200/30—Multilayer articles comprising wood

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to non-aqueous formulations of enhanced efficacy, used to protect solid wood, engineered wood products and other cellulosic substrates from biodeterioration by various organisms including moulds, decay fungi and insects.
  • inventive formulations comprise a tertiary amine component, which potentiates the efficacy of the fungicide by comparison with the fungicide sans amine.
  • Wood is a staple construction formulation used throughout the world.
  • timber is often impregnated with a preservative such as a fungicide or insecticide.
  • a preservative such as a fungicide or insecticide.
  • the preservative is typically present in a carrier, with the mixture being applied to the surface of the timber, for example by dipping, spraying, brushing or pressure treatment, such that the carrier and
  • preservative are absorbed in to the timber.
  • the treatment of timber with preservative compounds involves the introduction of stable chemicals into the cellular structure of the timber. This, in turn, protects the timber from hazards such as fungi, insects and other wood-destroying organisms.
  • Preservative treatments may also include the introduction of chemicals that improve resistance to degradation by fire.
  • wood preservatives can be classified according to the carrier used to apply the preservative to the wood product, with the most common preservative types being either water-borne or solvent-borne preservatives.
  • Solvent-borne preservatives use non-aqueous solvents such as mineral (white) spirits, kerosene or light oil to achieve the required penetration of the active ingredients through the wood structure.
  • Hazard Class H3 is defined as being for protection against
  • solvent-based preservatives based on mineral spirit or kerosene have a variety of advantages over water-based systems. This is particularly true in markets where the timber product must be dry (equilibrium moisture content ⁇ 18-20%) at the point of sale. Solvent-based preservatives do not "wet" the timber substrate, such that it does not need to be re-dried after treatment. Similarly, non-aqueous solvents do not cause the timber to swell or distort during treatment.
  • Hazard Class H4 defines the requirements for "severe decay, borers and termites", fence posts, greenhouses, pergolas (in ground and landscaping timbers)".
  • the timber to which H4 is applicable is in contact with the ground or is continually damp so there is a severe decay hazard.
  • the treatment stops attack by insects, including termites, and severe decay.
  • Penetration is defined under the H3/H4 Standards as: "All preservative- treated wood shall show evidence of distribution of the preservative in the penetration zone in accordance with the following requirements: (a) If the species of timber used is of natural durability class 1 or 2, the preservative shall penetrate all the sapwood. Preservative penetration of the heartwood is not required; (b) If the species of timber used is of natural durability class 3 or 4, the preservative shall penetrate all of the sapwood and, in addition one of the following requirements shall apply; (b(i)) Where the lesser cross-sectional dimension is greater than 35 mm, the penetration shall be not less than 8 mm from any surface.
  • the penetration shall be not less than 5 mm from any surface; and (b(ii)) Unpenetrated heartwood shall be permitted, provided that it comprises less than 20% of the cross-section of the piece and does not extend more than halfway through the piece from one surface to the opposite surface and does not exceed half the dimension of the side in the cross-section on which it occurs".
  • solvent-based treatments In general terms, the costs of water-based and solvent-based treatments are broadly comparable. Although non-aqueous solvents are more expensive than water, the energy, handling and time associated with drying wood treated with water-based preservatives generally offset any price differential. Solvent-based preservatives that utilise white spirits or kerosene carriers also leave the treated timber suitable for painting, providing sufficient airing is allowed to occur after treatment. Solvent-based preservatives also find application in heavy duty, industrial applications where the treated timber is used in ground contact (Hazard-class or use-class 4). For ground contact end uses, light oil carriers are preferred because they are less volatile than white spirit or kerosene.
  • a variety of active ingredients have been used in solvent-based wood preservatives. These include pentachlorophenol, organochlorine insecticides, bis(tributyltin)oxide, metal naphthenates such as tributyltin naphthenate, copper naphthenate and zinc naphthenate, and creosote. Copper oxine is also used in solvent- based preservatives. Synthetic pyrethroids such as cypermethrin or permethrin have replaced the use of organochlorine insecticides in formulations used for protecting timber against insect attack.
  • Organic triazoles such as cyproconazole, propiconazole and tebuconazole have been used as fungicides in "metal-free" preservative systems, with an insecticide added to protect the treated article from attack by borers or termites.
  • organic fungicides such as the triazole combination of propiconazole and tebuconazole, along with a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide such as permethrin, are commonly used, particularly in countries such as Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.
  • the treated timber retains its natural colour and, when applied using white spirit or kerosene, can be readily painted.
  • Metal-based active ingredients such as copper naphthenate, while being more robust in certain situations, e.g., where the treated timber is exposed close to the ground, intensely colour the timber and make it less suitable to paint.
  • metal-based active ingredients such as zinc naphthenate, while being colourless, is not as efficacious as copper.
  • Organic active ingredients such as pentachlorophenol display broad spectrum activity, but are now prohibited in many countries on account of their health and safety issues and environmental persistence.
  • potentiator refers to compounds having the ability which, when combined with an anti-fungal compound, improve its effectiveness in some way.
  • the potentiators themselves typically exhibit little if any of the desired activity.
  • a wood preservative formulation comprising: a non-aqueous carrier; one or more preservative compounds; and one or more tertiary amine compounds as a potentiator of the one or more preservative compounds.
  • the formulation is substantially free of acid, such that the tertiary amine is not quaternised.
  • the one or more tertiary amine compounds are selected from the group consisting of monoalkylamines, dialkylamines and triaklylamines.
  • the one or more preservative compounds and the one or more tertiary amine compounds are present in synergistic amounts.
  • the tertiary amine comprises methyl or ethyl substituents and/or alkyl substituents which may be either linear or branched, with, on average, a minimum of 8 carbons.
  • the tertiary amine is an alkyldimethylamine of the general formula RN(Me) 2 , wherein R is a linear or branched carbon chain, with an average chain length between 8-22 carbons per molecule.
  • R is a linear or branched carbon chain, with an average chain length between 14-18 carbons per molecule.
  • the tertiary amine is a dialkylmethylamine of the general formula MeN(R) 2 , wherein R is a linear or branched carbon chain, with an average chain length between 8-22 carbons per molecule.
  • R is a linear or branched carbon chain, with an average chain length between 14-18 carbons per molecule.
  • the tertiary amine is a trialkylamine of the general formula NR 3 , wherein R is a linear or branched carbon chain, with an average chain length between 8-22 carbons per molecule.
  • R is a linear or branched carbon chain, with an average chain length between 14-18 carbons per molecule.
  • the tertiary amine potentiator is a mixture of different alkyl chain lengths.
  • the tertiary amine is N-(3-aminopropyl)-N- dodecylpropane- 1,3 -diamine (Lonzabac® 12).
  • the tertiary amine is selected from the Barlene® group, Fentamine® group, or Ablemarle® group of alkyldimethylamines.
  • the alkyldimethylamines are selected from the group consisting of: Barlene® 8S (N-octyl-N,N-dimethylamine); Barlene® 10S (N-decyl- ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylamine); Barlene® 12 (dodecyldimethylamine); Barlene® 12C
  • the amines are selected from the group consisting of the Fentamine® group of monoalkyl tertiary amines: Fentamine® DMA897 (octyl dimethylamine); Fentamine® DMA810 (octyl/decyl dimethylamines); Fentamine® DMA818 (cocoalkyl dimethylamines); Fentamine® DMA1095 (decyl
  • Fentamine® DMA 1297 (dodecyl dimethylamine); Fentamine® DMA 1497 (tetradecyl dimethylamine); Fentamine® DMA 1697 (hexadecyl dimethylamine); Fentamine® DMA1895 (octadecyl dimethylamine); Fentamine® DMA 1270 (dodecyl/tetradecyl dimethylamines) ; Fentamine® DMA 1265
  • Fentamine® DMA121416 (dodecyl/tetradecyl dimethylamines); Fentamine®
  • DMA 1218 (cocoalkyl dimethylamines); Fentamine® DMA1816 (octadecyl/hexadecyl dimethylamines); Fentamine® DMA2275 (octadecyl/behenyl dimethylamines);
  • Fentamine® DMA22 (behenyl dimethylamine); and Fentamine® DM AO (oleyl dimethylamine).
  • the amines are selected from the group consisting of the Fentamine® group of dialkyl tertiary amines: Fentamine® MA88 (dioctyl
  • Fentamine® MA810 di(octyl/decyl) methylamines
  • Fentamine® MA 1010 diidecyl methylamine
  • Fentamine® MA 1212 didodecyl methylamine
  • Fentamine® MA1616 dihexadecyl methylamine
  • Fentamine® MA DHT di(hydrogenated tallowalkyl) methylamines
  • Fentamine® MA DCO docoalkyl methylamines
  • the amines are selected from the group consisting of the
  • Fentamine® group of trialkyl tertiary amines Fentamine® TA8 (trioctylamine); Fentamine® TA0810 (tri(octyl/decyl)amines); Fentamine® TA12 (tridodecylamine); and Fentamine® TA16 (trihexadecylamine).
  • the tertiary amines are selected from the Ablemarle® group of amines: AMD A® 18 amine (octadecyldimethylamine).
  • the one or more tertiary amine compounds can comprise a mixture of different alkyl chain lengths.
  • Many suitable amines that are available commercially are not pure compounds. They are often mixtures of compounds, for example having different alkyl chain lengths.
  • the amine is DMAMP (2-dimethylamino-2-methyl-l- propanol).
  • the preservative is selected from the group consisting of: insecticides, termiticides, fungicides, mouldicides, or the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • the preservative is a triazole compound of formulae (I) or
  • Ri represents a branched or straight chain Ci_salkyl group
  • R 2 represents a phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from halogen, Ci_ 3 alkyl, Ci_ 3 alkoxy, phenyl and nitro
  • R 3 is as defined for R 2
  • R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a branched or straight chain Ci_ 5 alkyl.
  • the triazole compound of formula (I) is tebuconazole (a-[2- (4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-a-(l,l-dimethylethyl)- lH- l,2,4-triazole-l-ethanol) or hexaconazole (a-butyl-a-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-lH- l,2,4-triazole- l-ethanol).
  • the triazole compound of formula (I) is tebuconazole.
  • the triazole compound of formula (II) is propiconazole (1- [ [2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl- 1 ,3 -dioxolan-2-yl] methyl] -1H- 1 ,2,4-triazole) ;
  • azaconazole (l-[[2,4-dichlorophenyl)-l,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methyl]-lH-l,2,4-triazole); or difenaconazole ( 1 -[2- [2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl] -4-methyl- 1 ,3 -dioxolan-2- ylmethyl] - 1H- 1 ,2,4-triazole).
  • the preservative is a triazole compound selected from the group consisting of: azaconazole, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazol, difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, furconazole, furconazole-czs, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, quinconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, uniconazole, and uniconazole-P and their metal salts and acid adducts
  • the preservative is a fungicide selected from azaconazole, tebuconazole, propiconazole, cyproconazole, hexaconazole, triadamefon, 4,5-dichloro-
  • DCOIT 2- n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one
  • IPBC 3- iodo-2-propynyl-butylcarbamate
  • the one or more preservative compounds are selected from propiconazole, tebuconazole, cyproconazole and their metal salts and acid adducts, or mixtures thereof.
  • the inventive formulation comprises propiconazole and tebuconazole is an approximate 1 : 1 ratio by weight.
  • the one or more preservative compounds are selected from quaternary ammonium compounds such as didecyldimethylammonium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium bicarbonate/carbonate, and/or other quaternary ammonium compounds such as didecyldimethylammonium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium bicarbonate/carbonate, and/or other quaternary ammonium compounds such as didecyldimethylammonium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium bicarbonate/carbonate, and/or other quaternary ammonium compounds such as didecyldimethylammonium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium bicarbonate/carbonate, and/or other quaternary ammonium compounds such as didecyldimethylammonium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium bicarbonate/carbonate, and/or other quaternary ammonium compounds such as didec
  • didecyldimethylammonium salts didecyldimethylammonium salts, or benzalkonium chloride.
  • the quaternary ammonium compounds are selected from didecyldimethylammonium chloride, didecylmethylpoly(oxyethyl)ammonium chloride and/or didecyldimethylammonium bicarbonate/carbonate.
  • the one or more preservative compounds are metal-based compounds, selected from metal naphthenates such as copper naphthenate, zinc naphthenate or tributyltin naphthenate, metal abietates such as copper abietate or zinc abietate, metal soaps of tall oil fatty acids, metal soaps such as copper bis(2- ethylhexanoate), zinc bis(2-ethylhexanoate) or metal chelates of 8-hydroxyquinolate such as copper 8-hydroxyquinolate, metal oxides such as cupric and cuprous oxide and zinc oxide, metal chlorides such as copper chloride or zinc chloride, metal sulfates such as copper sulfate or zinc sulfate, metal hydroxides such as copper hydroxide or zinc hydroxide, carbonates such as basic copper carbonate or zinc carbonate, borates such as copper borate or zinc borate.
  • metal naphthenates such as copper naphthenate, zinc naphthenate or tribut
  • the one or more preservative compounds are selected from copper naphthenate, zinc naphthenate and/or copper oxine.
  • the one or more preservative compounds may be in soluble and/or micronised/dispersed forms.
  • the inventive formulation comprises a non-aqueous dispersion of a copper compound.
  • the copper compound is a copper(II) compound.
  • the one or more preservative compounds are anti-fungal compounds selected from phenols such as pentachlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, ortho-, meta- or para-cresol, 2-benzyl-4-chorophenol, 4-chloro- 3,5-dimethylphenol, 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)ethanol, ortho-phenylphenol, 5-chloro-2-(4- chlorophenoxy)phenol, and salts thereof.
  • phenols such as pentachlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, ortho-, meta- or para-cresol, 2-benzyl-4-chorophenol, 4-chloro- 3,5-dimethylphenol, 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)ethanol, ortho-phenylphenol, 5-chloro-2-(4- chlorophenoxy)phenol, and salts thereof.
  • the one or more preservative compounds are anti-fungal compounds selected from isothiazolinones such as l,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT);
  • the one or more preservative compounds is a succinate
  • SDHI dehydrogenase inhibitor
  • carboxamide compounds selected from the group consisting of benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, benodanil, bixafen, boscalid, carboxin, fenfuram, fenhexamid, flutolanil, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, isopyrazam, isotianil, kiralaxyl, mepronil, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam), ofurace, oxadixyl, oxy- carboxin, penflufen, penthiopyrad, sedaxane, tecloftalam, thifluzamide, tiadinil, 2- amino-4-methyl-thiazole-5-carboxanilide, N-(4'- trifluoromethylthiobiphenyl-2-yl)- 3-difluoromethyl-l -methyl- 1 H-pyr
  • the one or more preservative compounds are anti-fungal compounds selected from: 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate;
  • TCMTB thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole
  • MBT magnesium calcium
  • chlorothalonil magnesium calcium
  • creosote magnesium chromium
  • the one or more anti-fungal compounds is creosote.
  • the inventive formulation further comprises anti-foamers, water repellent components, colour additives or penetration marker compounds.
  • the penetration to the formulation within the treated wood is by way of substantially complete penetration.
  • the substantially complete penetration is in accordance with
  • the treated wood is classifiable in the art as "dry after” (moisture content ⁇ 20% w/w) following treatment with said formulation. In an embodiment, the treated wood does not require a subsequent drying operation.
  • the treated wood is substantially not susceptible to leaching of the preservative from said wood.
  • the treated wood has relatively constant dimensional stability as a result of the non-aqueous carrier remaining within the cells of the treated wood.
  • the formulation is applicable to hardwood and/or softwood species. In another embodiment, the formulation is applicable to wood composites selected from the group consisting of: particle board, medium density fibreboard (MDF), oriented strand board (OSB), plywood, laminated veneer lumber (LVL), glue laminated lumber or cross laminated lumber.
  • MDF medium density fibreboard
  • OSB oriented strand board
  • LDL laminated veneer lumber
  • inventive formulation optionally comprises
  • surfactants/emulsifiers other co-solvents, mouldicides, fire retardants, anti-foam agents, water repellent components, colour additives, adhesion promoters, penetration marker compounds or other additives.
  • the weight ratio of the preservative to potentiator is about 100: 1 to about 1 : 100. More preferably, the weight ratio of the preservative to potentiator is about 50:1 to about 1:50. More preferably still, the weight ratio of the preservative to potentiator is about 10: 1 to about 1: 10. More preferably, the weight ratio of the preservative to potentiator is about 1: 1 to about 1:6. Most preferably, the weight ratio of the preservative to potentiator is about 1:3.
  • the inventive formulation optionally comprises an additional antimicrobial component.
  • the addition antimicrobial component comprises at least on component selected from the group consisting of at least one further compound from the group benzimidazoles, imidazoles, morpholine derivatives, copper compounds, pyrethroids, triazoles, sulfonamides, boron compound, pyrithione compounds and mixture thereof.
  • the additional antimicrobial component comprises zinc pyrithione.
  • the inventive formulation comprises about 4.5 g/L tebuconazole, about 4.5 g/L propiconazole, and about 9 g/L of an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine (such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • the inventive formulation comprises about 4.5 g/L tebuconazole, about 4.5 g/L propiconazole, and about 18 g/L of an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine (such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • the inventive formulation comprises about 4.5 g/L tebuconazole, about 4.5 g/L propiconazole, and about 27 g/L of an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine (such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • the inventive formulation comprises about 4.5 g/L tebuconazole, about 4.5 g/L propiconazole, and about 36 g/L of an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine (such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • the inventive formulation comprises about 4.5 g/L tebuconazole, about 4.5 g/L propiconazole, and about 45 g/L of an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine (such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • the inventive formulation comprises about 4.5 g/L tebuconazole, about 4.5 g/L propiconazole, and about 54 g/L of an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine (such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • the inventive formulation comprises about 4.5 g/L tebuconazole, about 4.5 g/L propiconazole, and about 90 g/L of an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine (such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • an approximate 95% C18 alkyldimethylamine such as Barlene® 18S ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, dimantine).
  • the non-aqueous carrier is selected from the group consisting of: white spirit, kerosene, low aromatic solvents and mixtures thereof.
  • the non-aqueous carrier comprises a solvent mixture, itself comprising water combined with a hydrocarbon fraction.
  • a method of treating a substrate of wood or other cellulosic material by applying to the substrate a preservative formulation as defined according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the step of contacting the wood is performed by means selected from the group consisting of: pressure application, spraying, dipping, rolling, painting, or any combination thereof.
  • the preservative and amine potentiator are applied to the wood in separate, sequential steps, either fungicide followed by amine; or amine followed by fungicide.
  • the wood is less than about 25 mm in thickness.
  • the inventive method further comprises at least one vacuum step.
  • the vacuum step is between about 0 and -50 kPa.
  • the inventive method further comprises at least one pressure step.
  • the pressure step is between about 0 and 200 kPa.
  • each of the vacuum and/or pressure steps is held for between about 0 and 10 minutes.
  • dimensional changes between the wood prior to and post the treatment are no greater than about 2 mm in any or either cross- sectional dimension.
  • a final vacuum step is applied, the final vacuum step taking place when the wood is no longer exposed to the preservative formulation.
  • the final vacuum step is between about 0 and -95 kPa and is held from about 0 to 60 minutes.
  • treated wood when so-treated by a method defined according to the second aspect of the present invention.
  • a method of preparing a wood preservative formulation as defined according to the first aspect of the present invention comprising the steps of admixing: a nonaqueous carrier; one or more preservative compounds; and one or more tertiary amine compounds.
  • the fungicide to potentiator mixture is in the range of a ratio of about 100: 1 to about 1: 100 on a weight basis.
  • the ratio of fungicide to potentiator will be in the range of a ratio 50:1 to about 1:50 on a weight basis. More typically the ratio of the components will be in the range of about 10: 1 to about 1: 10 on a weight basis of the fungicide to potentiator.
  • the actual ratios will depend on the potentiator and the particular fungicide selected, however, with reference to Examples 5-11, below, exemplary w/w ratios of fungicide to potentiator are of the order of approximately 1: 1 to approximately 1:6.
  • composition of the fungicide and the potentiator is more effective against organisms, than the fungicide compound/s alone.
  • exemplary organisms which the composition has of the present invention are effective against include, but are not limited to, Botrytis spp, Rhizopus spp, Penicillium spp.,
  • Cladosporium spp. Aspergillus spp, including, for example, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria spp., Fusarium spp., Aerobasidium spp., and
  • the inventive formulation may further have additional compounds or components which serve as biocidal components. These additional compounds or components essentially as co-biocides in the formulation.
  • the additional biocidal component may be selected based on the activity of the particular component or on the use of the resulting fomulation.
  • the additional compounds or components may be compounds or compositions which are known to have fungicidal, bactericidal or insecticidal properties.
  • Suitable additional components include, for example benzimidazoles, imidazoles, morpholine derivatives, copper compounds, pyrethroids, triazoles, sulfenamides, boron compounds, pyrithione compounds, tertiary amines, haloalkynyl compounds, quaternary ammonium compounds, phenols, pyrroles, strobilurins, phenylsulfamides, zinc compounds and mixtures thereof. Other similar compounds or classes of compounds may be used. Selection of a suitable additional component or co-biocide for a given purpose will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • Suitable fungicides include, for example: (3- ethoxypropyl)mercury bromide; 2-methoxyethylmercury chloride; 2-phenylphenol; 8- hydroxyquinoline sulfate; 8-phenylmercurioxyquinoline; acibenzolar; acylamino acid fungicides; acypetacs; aldimorph; aliphatic nitrogen fungicides; allyl alcohol; amide fungicides; ampropylfos; anilazine; anilide fungicides; antibiotic fungicides; aromatic fungicides; aureofungin; azaconazole; azithiram; azoxystrobin; barium polysulfide; benalaxyl; benalaxyl-M; benodanil; benomyl; benquinox; bentaluron; benthiavali
  • benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicides include benzohydroxamic acid; benzothiazole fungicides; bethoxazin; binapacryl; biphenyl; bitertanol; bithionol; bixafen;
  • blasticidin-S ; Bordeaux mixture; boric acid; boscalid; bridged diphenyl fungicides; bromuconazole; bupirimate; Burgundy mixture; buthiobate; sec-butylamine; calcium polysulfide; captafol; captan; carbamate fungicides; carbamorph; carbanilate fungicides; carbendazim; carboxin; carpropamid; carvone; Cheshunt mixture;
  • chinomethionat chlobenthiazone; chloraniformethan; chloranil; chlorfenazole; chlorodinitronaphthalene; chloroform; chloroneb; chloropicrin; chlorothalonil;
  • dehydroacetic acid dehydroacetic acid; dicarboximide fungicides; dichlofluanid; dichlone; dichlorophen; dichlorophenyl; dichlozoline; diclobutrazol; diclocymet; diclomezine; dicloran;
  • diethofencarb diethyl pyrocarbonate; difenoconazole; diflumetorim; dimethirimol; dimethomorph; dimoxystrobin; diniconazole; diniconazole-M; dinitrophenol fungicides; dinobuton; dinocap; dinocap-4; dinocap-6; dinocton; dinopenton;
  • ethylmercury acetate ethylmercury bromide; ethylmercury chloride; ethylmercury phosphate; etridiazole; famoxadone; fenamidone; fenaminosulf; fenapanil; fenarimol; fenbuconazole; fenfuram; fenhexamid; fenitropan; fenoxanil; fenpiclonil; fenpropidin; fenpropimorph; fentin; ferbam; ferimzone; fluazinam; Fluconazole; fludioxonil;
  • flumetover flumorph; fluopicolide; fluoroimide; fluotrimazole; fluoxastrobin;
  • fluquinconazole flusilazole; flusulfamide; flutolanil; flutriafol; fluxapyroxad; folpet; formaldehyde; fosetyl; fuberidazole; furalaxyl; furametpyr; furamide fungicides;
  • furanilide fungicides furcarbanil; furconazole; furconazole-cis; furfural; furmecyclox; furophanate; glyodin; griseofulvin; guazatine; halacrinate; hexachlorobenzene;
  • iprodione iprovalicarb; isopropyl alcohol; isoprothiolane; isovaledione; kasugamycin; kresoxim-methyl; Lime sulfur (lime sulphur); mancopper; mancozeb; maneb; mebenil; mecarbinzid; mepanipyrim; mepronil; mercuric chloride; mercuric oxide; mercurous chloride; mercury fungicides; metalaxyl; metalaxyl-M (a.k.a.
  • Mefenoxam metam
  • metazoxolon metconazole
  • methasulfocarb methfuroxam
  • methyl bromide methyl isothiocyanate
  • methylmercury benzoate methylmercury dicyandiamide
  • oxpoconazole oxycarboxin; pefurazoate; penconazole; pencycuron;
  • phenylmercury chloride phenylmercury derivative of pyrocatechol; phenylmercury nitrate; phenylmercury salicylate; phenylsulfamide fungicides; phosdiphen; Phosphite; phthalide; phthalimide fungicides; picoxystrobin; piperalin; polycarbamate; polymeric dithiocarbamate fungicides; polyoxins; polyoxorim; polysulfide fungicides; potassium azide; potassium polysulfide; potassium thiocyanate; probenazole; prochloraz;
  • procymidone propamocarb; propiconazole; propineb; proquinazid; prothiocarb;
  • prothioconazole pyracarbolid; pyraclostrobin; pyrazole fungicides; pyrazophos;
  • pyridine fungicides pyridinitril; pyrifenox; pyrimethanil; pyrimidine fungicides;
  • strobilurin fungicides sulfonanilide fungicides
  • sulfur sulfuryl fluoride
  • sultropen
  • TCMTB tebuconazole; tecloftalam; tecnazene; tecoram; tetraconazole; thiabendazole; thiadifluor; thiazole fungicides; thicyofen; thifluzamide; thymol; triforine;
  • thiocarbamate fungicides thiochlorfenphim; thiomersal; thiophanate; thiophanate- methyl; thiophene fungicides; thioquinox; thiram; tiadinil; tioxymid; tivedo; tolclofos- methyl; tolnaftate; tolylfluanid; tolylmercury acetate; triadimefon; triadimenol;
  • triamiphos triarimol; triazbutil; triazine fungicides; triazole fungicides; triazoxide; tributyltin oxide; trichlamide; tricyclazole; tridemorph; trifloxystrobin; triflumizole; triforine; triticonazole; unclassified fungicides; Undecylenic acid; uniconazole;
  • uniconazole-P urea fungicides; validamycin; valinamide fungicides; vinclozolin; voriconazole; zarilamid; zinc naphthenate; zineb; ziram; zoxamide.
  • the fungicide/potentiator of the present invention may be used in the customary formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, pastes, granules, aerosols and very fine capsules in polymeric substances. It is also possible to encapsulate the fungicide/potentiator and/or additional biocide.
  • the composition may be applied to a surface or article in need of treatment.
  • extenders such as liquid solvents, liquefied gases under pressure and/or solid carriers, and optionally with the use of surfactants, emulsifiers and/or dispersants.
  • Suitable solvents include, water, organic solvents such as, for example, xylene, toluene or alkyl naphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorobenzenes, chloride or methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example petroleum fractions, alcohols, such as butanol, glycerol, and ethers and esters, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or
  • Liquefied gaseous extenders or carriers are meant liquids which are gaseous at normal temperature and under normal pressure, for example aerosol propellants, such as halogenated hydrocarbons as well as butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • Suitable solid carriers are: for example ground natural minerals, such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and ground synthetic minerals, such as highly disperse silica, alumina and silicates.
  • solid carriers for granules are: for example crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite and dolomite, and synthetic granules of inorganic and organic meals, and granules of organic material such as sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks.
  • emulsifying and / or foam formers are: for example nonionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, for example alkylaryl, alkyl sulfates, aryl sulfonates as well as albumin.
  • nonionic and anionic emulsifiers such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, for example alkylaryl, alkyl sulfates, aryl sulfonates as well as albumin.
  • Suitable dispersants are: for example ligninsulfite was liquors and methylcellulose. It has been discovered that formulations of one or more anti-fungal
  • composition of the present invention are more effective against certain organisms than the anti-fungal compound/s alone.
  • exemplary organisms for which the composition of the present invention are effective against include, but are not limited to: Fomotopsis lilacino-gilva, Coniophora olivacea, Antrodia sinuosa, Antrodia xantha and
  • Amines suitable for use as a potentiator include, but are not limited to:
  • myristylamine Tomamine dl6 (Ci 6 alkyl ether amine), Tomamine dl4 (Ci 4 alkyl ether amine), N,N-dimethyldecanamine, ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctylamine, dimethyloctadecylamine, diisoproanolamine, oleylamine, ethanolamine, ethoxylated amines, such as, ⁇ , ⁇ ', ⁇ '- polyoxyethylene(15)-N-tallowalkyl-l,3-diaminopropane, and mixtures thereof.
  • Those suitably skilled in the art will appreciate that other similar amines may also be used without departing from the spirit and the scope of the present invention.
  • fungicides can be used with insecticides and other additives, e.g., formulation additives (co-solvents), mouldicides, colourants (dyes, pigments), water repellents (resins, waxes), penetration markers, etc.
  • formulation additives co-solvents
  • mouldicides mouldicides
  • colourants dye, pigments
  • water repellents repellents
  • penetration markers etc.
  • Figure 1 shows the results from a laboratory bioassay carried out in accordance with recognised methods ⁇ see, Protocols for the Assessment of Wood Preservatives, Australasian Wood Preservation Committee, March 2007 Revision, Ensis, Clayton).
  • Radiata pine sapwood (20 x 20 x 10 mm) specimens were treated with various preservative formulations. After drying, the specimens were saturated with water and leached in a shaking water bath at 35 °C for seven days, with daily changes of water.
  • the specimens were vacuum oven-dried, before being sterilised in readiness for the fungal bioassay.
  • the specimens were then placed in the soil jars, which had previously been inoculated with the chosen decay fungus, and the jars were incubated under conditions ideal for decay for a period of approximately 12 weeks. After incubation the specimens were cleaned, weighed and their mass loss determined. Mass loss, expressed as a percentage, was used to determine the effectiveness of the preservative treatment.
  • the test specimens all contained 0.03% m/m total azoles ⁇ i.e., propiconazole and tebuconazole, 1: 1).
  • Figure 1 demonstrates that as the amount of alkyldimethylamine present in the formulation is increased, so too is its potentiating effect upon the azole mixture (propiconazole/ tebuconazole, 1: 1).
  • Example 10 An optimal effect was observed in Example 10, wherein the w/w ratio of combined azoles to amine was about 1:6. It should also be noted that the tertiary amine alone offers little resistance to decay. Radiata pine sapwood specimens treated with a non-aqueous solution of only alkyldimethylamine (octadecyldimethylamine) and exposed to F. lilacino-gilva by the same procedure as described above were heavily decayed. For example, the mean mass loss for six replicates treated to 0.18% m/m with octadecyldimethylamine was 25%.
  • test specimens all contained 0.03% m/m total azoles, with varying amounts of tertiary amine (total azole to tertiary amine ratio of 1: 1 through to 1:6).
  • the specimens treated with formulations 5-11 all controlled decay ( ⁇ 3% mass loss) whereas the azole only formulation, CE1, did not prevent decay of the softwood specimens.
  • This example further demonstrates the utility of the invention to control a range of organisms.
  • tertiary amines that protect wood against decay vary in their ability to keep wood free of mould species, such as Trichoderma spp., Penicillium spp., Cladosporium spp., Aspergillus spp, Alternaria spp., Fusarium spp., Aerobasidium spp. etc.
  • mould infection does not affect the structural properties of the timber, it can detract from its value hence it is advantageous to prevent mould growth on treated timber, particularly through the chain of commerce.
  • tertiary amines themselves have weak activity against mould fungi in solvent-based treatments at the concentrations used in the examples described herein, however the combination of fungicide and tertiary amine provides improved anti-fungal activity. Examples 12-18 below illustrate enhanced efficacy against mould fungi.
  • Example 19 illustrates that tertiary amines also enhanced the insecticidal activity of a synthetic pyrethroid, permethrin.
  • Figure 3 illustrates mass loss as a function of treatment type for radiata pine sapwood, exposed to Mastotermes darwiniensis in an above-ground field test.
  • Wood preservative formulation - CI 8 octadecyldimethylamine
  • Comparative Example 1 The formulation shown in Comparative Example 1, containing a 1: 1 w/w mixture of propiconazole and tebuconazole, was used to treat radiata pine sapwood specimens and these specimens were exposed to a decay fungus, A. xantha, using an identical procedure to that described above for the example shown in Figure 1.
  • Example 4 provides the results of a laboratory bioassay carried out in accordance with recognised methods, as described above for Figure 1.
  • Table 7 summarises the comparative data provided above, with data obtained for the inventive formulation comprising the potentiator.
  • octadecyldimethylamine (and minor quantities of other amines) at an amount to give a total azole to amine w/w ratio of 1:3 reduced the mass loss significantly.
  • the mass loss was reduced from 26.5% to 1.0%, i.e., decay was prevented significantly through the incorporation of the octadecyldimethylamine tertiary amine.
  • Example 4 shows conclusively, that the presence of a tertiary amine potentiates the antifungal effect of the azole mixture (tebuconazole/propiconazole 1: 1).
  • the tertiary amine itself elicits no significant antifungal activity, which corroborates the Applicant's claim of a potentiating effect.
  • the decay results observed for the 0.03 and 0.06% m/m tebuconazole/propiconazole/ Barlene® 18S- treated samples are comfortably within the 3% threshold under which decay is said to have been prevented. Examples 5-11:
  • cLonzabac 12 to(3-aminopropyl)dodecylamine
  • Example 13 the ability of cyproconazole to prevent mould on the surface of treated timber specimens was evaluated both with and without the addition of a tertiary amine.
  • the solvent-based formulations used to treat the specimens are described in Table 10.
  • the untreated and solvent-treated controls were heavily infected after two weeks incubation in a mould chamber, as were the cyproconazole - treated specimens.
  • Cyproconazole alone offered very poor protection of the treated wood surface, whereas combining cyproconazole with stearyl dimethylamine in a 1 to about 23 ratio provided significant improvement in anti-fungal efficacy.
  • Table 11 The results are summarised in Table 11.
  • fungicides with different modes of action e.g., penflufen (a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor), were also examined.
  • penflufen a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor
  • the fungicide to amine ratio was approximately 1 to 30.
  • the solvent-based formulation is shown in Table 10, above.
  • the performance of the fungicide improved substantially in the presence of the tertiary amine (see, Surface infection of radiata pine sapwood specimens after incubation in a mould chamber, in Table 11, above).
  • solvent-based formulations of copper naphthenate, didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) and 4,5-dichloro-2- octylisothiazol-3(2H)-one (DCOIT) were prepared with and without stearyl dimethylamine as described in Table 12 and used to treat radiata pine specimens.
  • the treated specimens were exposed to mould fungi as described above, along with solvent- treated and untreated specimens. After approximately three weeks of incubation, the untreated and solvent-treated specimens were infested heavily with mould, having 80 and 100% of their respective surfaces covered with various mould fungi.
  • the specimens treated with copper naphthenate only were infected equally (85% coverage), however those treated with the combination of copper naphthenate and stearyl dimethylamine (Cu: amine ratio w:w ⁇ 1:3) were relatively free of mould, with only on 10% of the surface infected.
  • the specimens treated with solvent-based formulations of DDAC and DCOIT developed some mould (approximately 30% coverage), but considerably less than that of CuN. The improvement in performance upon combing the fungicide with the amine was still apparent, albeit less pronounced.
  • the toxic thresholds for various fungicides were determined in combination with an amine, and compared with the thresholds for the fungicides alone. All of the formulations were solvent-based. The results are summarised in Table 14. All of the mixtures of fungicide and tertiary amine are synergistic.
  • Table 15 gives an example range of formulations that have proven to be stable and suitable for use as preservative work solutions.
  • the work solution contained 4.5 g/L of both tebuconazole and permethrin, as well as 3.3 g/L permethrin, dissolved in a glycol ether co-solvent.
  • the different work solutions contained a variety of alkydimethylamines, at concentrations of 9, 27 and 90 g/L. Each of the work solutions was shown to be stable at ambient and low temperature.
  • tertiary amines In the process of investigating the effects of tertiary amines on the activity of various fungicides in solvent-based preservatives, it was found that tertiary amines also enhanced the insecticidal activity of a synthetic pyrethroid, permethrin.
  • the tertiary amine stearyl dimethylamine reduces the propensity of the treated timber specimens to swell when submerged in water. This is somewhat surprising, in view of what is known about how traditional light organic solvent preservative (LOSP) water repellents additives function. Radiata pine sapwood (90 x 35 mm in cross- section) was treated with white spirit preservative formulations containing 1:3, 1:6 and 1: 10 ratios of azole
  • the wafers (7 mm thick) were conditioned at 25 °C / 60% RH for three days.
  • the dimensional stability was evaluated by determining the swelling (% swelling) upon immersion of the wafer in water, using a procedure adapted from the American Wood Protection Association (AWPA) Standard E13-09, Standard method of testing to determine the water repellency of pressure-treated lumber.
  • the swelling was determined after 5 and 30 minutes of immersion time. The results are shown in Table 17.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne une formulation de produit de préservation du bois comprenant : un transporteur non aqueux ; un ou plusieurs composés de conservation anti-fongiques ; et un ou plusieurs composés amine tertiaire. Il a été découvert que le constituant amine tertiaire potentialise l'efficacité du constituant fongicide. Sur la base de plusieurs essais de décroissance en laboratoire, il a été démontré que les alkyldiméthylamines en C14-C18 potentialisent l'activité anti-fongique d'azoles dans des formulations non aqueuses à base de solvant, sans ajout d'acides organiques.
PCT/AU2016/050504 2015-06-16 2016-06-16 Potentialisateurs anti-fongiques Ceased WO2016201512A1 (fr)

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EP3817550A4 (fr) * 2018-07-06 2022-08-10 Fertis India Pvt. Ltd. Nouvelle composition organo-métallique pour application agricole
WO2023096905A1 (fr) * 2021-11-24 2023-06-01 Viance Llc Compositions de traitement du bois, procédés d'utilisation et bois traité
WO2025120578A1 (fr) * 2023-12-06 2025-06-12 Adama Makhteshim Ltd. Compositions à base d'huile à protection par le cuivre

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US20190084182A1 (en) * 2017-03-24 2019-03-21 Koppers Performance Chemicals Inc. Solvent-borne wood preservative compositions
EP3817550A4 (fr) * 2018-07-06 2022-08-10 Fertis India Pvt. Ltd. Nouvelle composition organo-métallique pour application agricole
US20200107543A1 (en) * 2018-10-04 2020-04-09 Kop-Coat, Inc. Wood treatment solutions containing fungicides and tertiary alkanolamines and related methods, wood products and composition for protection against fungal organisms
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EP3860344A4 (fr) * 2018-10-04 2022-06-15 Kop-Coat, Inc. Solutions de traitement du bois contenant des fongicides et des alcanolamines tertiaires et procédés associés, produits de bois et composition pour la protection contre des organismes fongiques
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US11957128B2 (en) 2018-10-04 2024-04-16 Kop-Coat, Inc. Wood treatment solutions containing fungicides and tertiary alkanolamines and related methods, wood products and composition for protection against fungal organisms
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US12471594B2 (en) 2018-10-04 2025-11-18 Kop-Coat, Inc. Wood treatment solutions containing fungicides and tertiary alkanolamines and related methods, wood products and composition for protection against fungal organisms
WO2023096905A1 (fr) * 2021-11-24 2023-06-01 Viance Llc Compositions de traitement du bois, procédés d'utilisation et bois traité
WO2025120578A1 (fr) * 2023-12-06 2025-06-12 Adama Makhteshim Ltd. Compositions à base d'huile à protection par le cuivre

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CN107683192A (zh) 2018-02-09
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AU2020213343A1 (en) 2020-08-27

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