WO2016202502A1 - Élément superficiel de construction de bâtiment étanche à l'eau avec module photovoltaïque - Google Patents

Élément superficiel de construction de bâtiment étanche à l'eau avec module photovoltaïque Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016202502A1
WO2016202502A1 PCT/EP2016/060578 EP2016060578W WO2016202502A1 WO 2016202502 A1 WO2016202502 A1 WO 2016202502A1 EP 2016060578 W EP2016060578 W EP 2016060578W WO 2016202502 A1 WO2016202502 A1 WO 2016202502A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fixation means
mechanical fixation
building construction
construction surface
surface element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2016/060578
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Lepori
Dario Manodoro
Federico SPINELLI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DESIGNERGY SA
Original Assignee
DESIGNERGY SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DESIGNERGY SA filed Critical DESIGNERGY SA
Publication of WO2016202502A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016202502A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/125—End caps therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • H02S20/24—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures specially adapted for flat roofs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of manufacturing such a building construction surface element. More specifically, the invention refers to a building construction surface element including at least one photovoltaic module.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved watertight building construction surface element, which is able to harvest solar energy and which is easy to fabricate, highly fail-save and durable.
  • Such an inventive building construction surface element comprises at least one photovoltaic module
  • a watertight barrier layer comprising a sealant mechanical fixation means attached to the at least one photovoltaic module
  • the mechanical fixation means define the distance between the photovoltaic module and the watertight barrier layer and at least an end portion of the mechanical fixation means is sealingly embedded in the sealant.
  • the watertight barrier layer is spaced from the at least one photovoltaic module. This way, a gap exists between the photovoltaic module and the watertight barrier layer, in which air or water can circulate. This provides a way of cooling the photovoltaic module as well as a possibility for drainage of rainwater.
  • the building construction surface element according to the invention which may be combined with any of the embodiments still to be addressed, unless in contradiction, it comprises several photovoltaic modules attached to a common watertight barrier layer.
  • a first part of the multi-part mechanical fixation means is attached to the photovoltaic module, a second part of the multi-part mechanical fixation means having said end portion, and
  • a detachable connection is established between said first and second part.
  • the second part of the multi-part mechanical fixation means is in contact with the sealant.
  • the detachable connection which e.g. can be established by nuts and bolts, allows mounting and removal of the photovoltaic module separate from the mounting and removal of the watertight barrier layer. In particular, this configuration allows repair or revision of the photovoltaic modules while the watertight barrier layer stays in place.
  • the end portion referred to in the definition of the second part of the multi-part mechanical fixation means is the end portion of the
  • it comprises a support structure to which the mechanical fixation means are attached, and wherein the watertight barrier layer extends between the support structure and the photovoltaic module.
  • the support structure may e.g. be a flat structure, it may be continuous or it may consist of a grid of support elements .
  • the sealant is a polymer, in particular one of epoxy, butyl rubber, silicone rubber, polyurea or polyurethane, in particular polyurea foam or polyurethane foam, wherein preferably the watertight barrier layer at least predominantly consists of said sealant.
  • Polymers are particularly suited to be used as sealants.
  • the polymers listed above have properties, which make them suitable in the context of building construction elements .
  • care has to be taken, that a foam with closed porosity results.
  • the invention is further directed to a roof comprising at least one inventive building construction surface elements.
  • the roof comprises a thermal insulation layer.
  • the roof is a flat roof consisting of an inventive building construction surface element.
  • the invention comprises at least one pair of adjacent photovoltaic modules being horizontally spaced by a gap, wherein an elongated metal strip element with trough holes bridges the gap.
  • Polymerisation can be induced by irradiating ultraviolet light, increasing temperature or adding a catalyst depending on the polymerisable substance actually used.
  • the catalyst can already be mixed into the polymerisable substance before the filling step as long as the polymerization reaction occurs slowly enough that a significant hardening of the polymerisable substance only takes place after the filling of the space between the mechanical fixation means.
  • substances that induce the formation of a foam can be mixed into the polymerisable substance, as e.g. a small amount of water in case of polyurethane .
  • the polymerisable substance can be provided in liquid form; it can as well have a higher paste like viscosity and in can be a foam. During the filling step, the polymerisable substance can be deformed and shaped.
  • the steps of the method can be carried out in the sequence as listed above.
  • the step of connecting the at least one photovoltaic module to the mechanical fixation means can be the first step carried out when applying the method. If multi-part mechanical fixation means are used, the steps that lead to the embedding of an end portion of the second part of the mechanical fixation means in the sealant and the step of connecting the at least one
  • photovoltaic module to the first part of the mechanical fixation means can be carried out completely independent from each other.
  • the building construction surface element is
  • the polymerisable substance can be provided in liquid form; it can as well have a higher paste like viscosity and it can be a foam.
  • the polymerisable substance can be deformed and shaped.
  • the resulting polymerized substance forms a more or less solid block that is stable and self-supporting, such that the basin is not needed anymore to stabilize the form.
  • the building construction surface element thus can be pre- fabricated by this manufacturing method and later be transported to the building site.
  • the building construction surface element or the roof according to the present invention can be produced in several steps and combining different materials to build up the watertight barrier layer.
  • a watertight foil can be used as a basic barrier for water. Attaching mechanical fixation means to a support structure can be performed in a way, that weakens the watertight foil or creates holes through it, e.g. by drilling screws through the foil.
  • the watertight barrier can be re-established in a second step of covering or sealing locally by applying a sealant at those places.
  • the number of places needing a second sealing step can be kept low, if e.g. small blocks as a part of the mechanical fixation means are used to be fixed at the underlying support structure.
  • a grid of beams as a further part of the mechanical fixation means can rest on these small blocks and provide a more distributed support for the photovoltaic modules.
  • the water tight barrier or foil is made of an onsite polymerizable material instead of an already industrially pre-polymerized membrane to be rolled on the roof needing additional glueing or thermal welding steps between one roll and the next one.
  • Polymerizable materials as for example listed in the present invention allow to achieve very quickly a complete watertight surface throughout the roof's lifetime and on top of that they present better mechanical
  • the photovoltaic modules can be glued to mechanical fixation means that provide relatively large contact areas for gluing. This way building construction elements are achieved, that can be used to produce walkable roofs.
  • Fig. 1 cross-section through an inventive building construction surface element
  • Fig. 3 cross-section through a part of an
  • FIG. 4 cross-section through an embodiment with multi-part mechanical fixation means
  • Fig. 5 cross-section (Fig. 5a) and top-view
  • Fig. 6 cross-section through a roof built as
  • FIG. 7 perspective view (with magnified detail)
  • FIG. 8 cross-section through details of a way of fixing a metal strip element covering the gap between adjacent photovoltaic modules.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a cross-sectional view, schematically and simplified, an inventive building construction surface element 10.
  • a photovoltaic panel 1 is attaced to mechanical fixation means 2.
  • An end portions of the mechanical fixation means is embedded in a sealant.
  • the sealant builds a watertight barrier layer 3.
  • the photovoltaic module 1 is held at a distance from the watertight barrier layer 3 by the mechanical fixation means 2 forming a gap where air and water can circulate.
  • Connection means 5 fix the
  • connection means 5 here indicated by black dots, can e.g. be glue, welding points or screws.
  • mechanical fixations means 2 are distributed such that the photovoltaic module is supported in a way to keep bending stress minimal.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross-section through an embodiment
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross-section through a part of an
  • the mechanical fixation means 2 are fixed to the flat support structure by screws.
  • the sealant of the watertight barrier layer 3 covers the screws on the side facing to the photovoltaic modules, such that the screws are on the protected side of the watertight barrier layer 3.
  • the part of the building construction surface element shown in this figure can be repeated several times to form a single building construction surface element 10. All photovoltaic modules of the building construction surface element 10 share a common watertight barrier layer 3 and a common flat support structure 4.
  • a photovoltaic module 1 can be attached and be supported by several mechanical fixation means 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross-section through an embodiment of an inventive building construction surface element with multipart mechanical fixation means.
  • the mechanical fixation means have a first part 2' that is attached to the
  • the two part 2 ' and 2 ' ' are connected by nuts and bolts.
  • the connection by nuts and bolts is one of several possibilities to establish a detachable connection.
  • the first part 2 ' of the multi-part mechanical fixation means can - together with the photovoltaic module 3 - be removed and attached to the second part without touching or manipulating the watertight barrier layer 3.
  • Fig. 5a shows a cross-section through a part of a building construction surface element.
  • watertight barrier layer 3 is shown.
  • the cross section runs along the line A-A that is marked as dash-dotted line in Fig. 5b.
  • a variant of mechanical fixation means 2, 2 ' ' having a profile in "Omega" form is shown in this figure.
  • Fig. 5b shows the top-view of the same part of a building construction surface element as in Fig. 5a.
  • photovoltaic module is not shown in order to make the arrangement of the mechanical fixation means 2, 2 ' ' visible.
  • One of the profiles that form the mechanical fixation means 2, 2 ' ' is interrupted. Such interruptions in the profiles allows air and water to circulate and give the possibility to install electrical conductors to connect different photovoltaic modules.
  • With the arrangement of mechanical fixation means shown here a large support area for the photovoltaic modules is provided. This allows photovoltaic modules to be built as sandwich structures having a photovoltaic layer between two glass layers.
  • Fig. 6 shows a cross-section through a roof 11 built as building construction surface element according to the invention.
  • a flat horizontal support structure 4 supports mechanical fixation means 2.
  • the mechanical fixations means support photovoltaic modules 1 which form the upper surface of the roof.
  • a watertight barrier layer 3 comprises a sealant that covers the flat support structure 4 and sealingly embeds the lower part of the mechanical fixation means 2.
  • An open space between the watertight barrier layer 3 and the photovoltaic modules allows the circulation of air and water. Hot air can escape from this space through holes in metal strip elements that cover the gaps between neighboring photovoltaic modules. This way, overheating of the photovoltaic modules can be prevented.
  • the metal strip elements with through holes also allow run-off of rain water 21 into the space below the photovoltaic modules.
  • the watertight barrier layer 3 is formed to have a channel and a slight slope on its upper surface. These elements provide a drainage system 8 that is able to collect rain water and guide it to a sink.
  • the through holes in the metal strip element 7 are dimensioned as to prevent larger objects - as e.g. leaves 22 - to fall into the space below the
  • FIG. 7 shows a possible way of arranging the metal strip elements in the plane.
  • a beam 24 locally reinforces the support structure 4.
  • the roof 11 comprises a thermal insulation layer 6.
  • a small portion of a wall 23 is shown in the figure to illustrate the
  • Fig. 7 shows a perspective view onto the upper surface of a portion of a building construction surface element, where four corners of photovoltaic modules la, lb, lc, Id meet, and elongated metal strip elements 7 with through holes bridge the gaps between ad acent (e.g. la and lb)
  • a crossing of elongated metal strip elements is formed by one continuous elongated metal strip element 7a and two elongated metal strip elements 7b, 7c with ends beneath the one 7a.
  • the positions of the invisible end parts of 7b and 7c beneath 7a are marked with dotted lines (see also the magnified detail) .
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross-section through details of a way of fixing a metal strip element 7 covering the gap between adjacent photovoltaic modules 1.
  • a counterpart element 25 for fixing the metal strip element 7 extends behind the photovoltaic modules 1.
  • a screw fixes the metal strip element 7 and the counterpart element 25 to each other. This way, the elements are secured against being blown away by wind. The detachable connection still allows easy access to space below the photovoltaic modules.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit un élément superficiel de construction de bâtiment qui comprend: au moins un module photovoltaïque (1); une couche barrière étanche à l'eau (3) comprenant un moyen de fixation mécanique à agent d'étanchéité (2) fixé audit au moins un module photovoltaïque. Le moyen de fixation mécanique (2) délimite la distance entre le module photovoltaïque (1) et la couche barrière étanche à l'eau (3), et au moins une partie d'extrémité du moyen de fixation mécanique est incorporée de manière étanche dans l'agent d'étanchéité. On décrit en outre un toit construit selon le principe de l'élément superficiel de construction de bâtiment de l'invention, et des procédés pour fabriquer l'élément superficiel de construction de bâtiment et le toit.
PCT/EP2016/060578 2015-06-18 2016-05-11 Élément superficiel de construction de bâtiment étanche à l'eau avec module photovoltaïque Ceased WO2016202502A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH8742015 2015-06-18
CH00874/15 2015-06-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016202502A1 true WO2016202502A1 (fr) 2016-12-22

Family

ID=57545075

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2016/060578 Ceased WO2016202502A1 (fr) 2015-06-18 2016-05-11 Élément superficiel de construction de bâtiment étanche à l'eau avec module photovoltaïque

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016202502A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4707961A (en) * 1985-07-19 1987-11-24 Loadmaster Systems, Inc. Composite roof/roof deck assembly with polymeric membrane
EP2246902A1 (fr) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-03 Vincent Piront Couverture de toiture comprenant une membrane d'étanchéité recouverte de cellules solaires en film mince
US20120110931A1 (en) * 2007-11-01 2012-05-10 Patrina Eiffert Isolation mount and methods therefor
US20140041321A1 (en) * 2008-11-17 2014-02-13 Alain Poivet Building Systems
WO2015055714A1 (fr) 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 Designergy Sa Élément de surface de construction de bâtiment et agencement de construction de bâtiment/surface de construction de bâtiment et procédé de fabrication de ce dernier

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4707961A (en) * 1985-07-19 1987-11-24 Loadmaster Systems, Inc. Composite roof/roof deck assembly with polymeric membrane
US20120110931A1 (en) * 2007-11-01 2012-05-10 Patrina Eiffert Isolation mount and methods therefor
US20140041321A1 (en) * 2008-11-17 2014-02-13 Alain Poivet Building Systems
EP2246902A1 (fr) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-03 Vincent Piront Couverture de toiture comprenant une membrane d'étanchéité recouverte de cellules solaires en film mince
WO2015055714A1 (fr) 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 Designergy Sa Élément de surface de construction de bâtiment et agencement de construction de bâtiment/surface de construction de bâtiment et procédé de fabrication de ce dernier

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