WO2016206548A1 - Procédé de préparation de matériau d'électrode négative modifié haute tension pour pile au lithium - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation de matériau d'électrode négative modifié haute tension pour pile au lithium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016206548A1
WO2016206548A1 PCT/CN2016/085617 CN2016085617W WO2016206548A1 WO 2016206548 A1 WO2016206548 A1 WO 2016206548A1 CN 2016085617 W CN2016085617 W CN 2016085617W WO 2016206548 A1 WO2016206548 A1 WO 2016206548A1
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graphite
lithium titanate
lithium
lithium battery
high voltage
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Chinese (zh)
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田东
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of lithium battery anode materials, in particular to a method for preparing a high voltage lithium ion battery anode material which can be quickly charged.
  • Lithium-ion battery has the characteristics of high specific capacity, small self-discharge, wide operating temperature range, high voltage platform, long cycle life, no memory effect, and environmental friendliness. It has been widely used in mobile phones, notebook computers, power tools and other fields. And gradually promoted in the field of electric vehicles. At present, China, Beijing, Tianjin, Shenzhen, Shanghai and other important cities have been built as charging stations for hybrid vehicles and pure electric vehicles. However, according to the current charging method of lithium batteries, electric vehicles often need 7-8 hours for one charge; while consumer electronics such as mobile phones, laptop batteries and electric bicycles are generally charged at 0.5C, and charging for 50% takes 1 hour. Left and right, fast charging performance is poor. With the accelerated pace of life, people hope that lithium-ion batteries have a very fast charging capability to shorten battery charging time.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high voltage modified anode material for a lithium battery.
  • the lithium battery obtained by the invention can be quickly charged and discharged, and the charge cutoff voltage is increased to 4.35V, which greatly improves the energy of the battery. density.
  • the invention is characterized in that the high-voltage lithium ion battery anode material capable of fast charging is composed of graphite and a coating layer coated on the graphite surface, the coating layer is composed of lithium titanate and a conductive agent to form graphite as a core and graphite.
  • the surface is uniformly coated with a layer of lithium titanate, and the surface of the lithium titanate is further coated with a three-layer composite structure anode material of a conductive agent.
  • the conductive agent may be one or a combination of carbon nanotubes and vapor-grown carbon fibers, wherein the lithium titanate accounts for 1 to 10% of the total weight; and the conductive agent accounts for 1 to 5 of the total weight. %.
  • the lithium titanate of the invention has a spinel structure, has small cell volume change and large lithium ion diffusion coefficient during charging cycle, can realize rapid charging, and has good safety performance, but poor conductivity; carbon nanotube layer The spacing is slightly larger than the layer spacing of the spherical graphite, and the tubular structure of the carbon nanotube does not collapse after multiple charge-discharge cycles, and the cycle performance is good, and at the same time Carbon nanotubes have a large aspect ratio and good axial one-dimensional conductivity, and are considered to be ideal conductive materials.
  • Vapor-grown carbon fibers have large aspect ratio and specific surface area and are favorable for lithium ion implantation and The mesoporous structure that is removed can improve the conductivity of the electrode and also improve the adhesion between the active material and the current collector.
  • the invention adopts graphite as the core, the graphite surface is uniformly coated with a layer of lithium titanate, and the three-layer composite structural material coated with a layer of conductive agent on the surface of the lithium titanate is used as the battery anode material, and the lithium titanate is coated on the one hand.
  • the lithium ion diffusion coefficient of the negative electrode material is increased, so that the lithium ion can be rapidly inserted/extracted during the large-rate charge and discharge process; the thickness expansion of the battery is reduced due to the small change of the unit cell volume of the lithium titanate;
  • the coating of lithium titanate on the surface of the graphite particles can significantly improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • the layer spacing of the carbon nanotubes is slightly larger than the layer spacing of the spherical graphite, and the tubular structure of the carbon nanotubes does not collapse after multiple charge-discharge cycles;
  • Carbon fiber (VGCF) has a large aspect ratio and specific surface area to facilitate the intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions. Both of them are beneficial to the rapid insertion/extraction of lithium ions on the surface of the negative electrode material, and the cycle performance of the battery is also greatly improved. improve.
  • the conductivity of carbon nanotubes/VGCF is strong, which makes the DC internal resistance of the fabricated cell smaller, and the cell's rate and high and low temperature performance are obviously improved; and the good thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes/VGCF is greatly improved. The safety of the battery.
  • a preparation method of a lithium battery high voltage modified anode material the preparation steps are as follows:
  • the lithium battery prepared by the invention can be quickly charged and discharged, and the charging cut-off voltage is raised to 4.35V, and the energy density is high, and the current is charged at 5C, and can be charged to 85% of the battery capacity in 10 minutes, and discharged at a current of 10C. It discharges 98.15% of the battery capacity, and has a capacity retention rate of 96.8% or more after 1000 cycles, and has excellent rapid charge and discharge performance.
  • the invention has simple manufacturing process, low cost and easy industrial production.
  • the lithium titanate material is weighed 5% of the total weight of the graphite and lithium titanate materials, and the graphite is stirred and mixed thoroughly, and the mixing time is stirred for 3 hours, so that the lithium titanate material is uniformly wrapped on the graphite surface; then at 1500 ° C Heat treatment for 1 hour to make titanium
  • the lithium acid material is melt-wrapped on the surface of the graphite particles to form a stable lithium titanate coating layer; finally, the carbon nanotubes are added in a proportion of 2% of the total weight of the negative electrode material, and the graphite material coated with the lithium titanate is passed through a ball mill. 8 hours, a graphite/lithium titanate/conductive three-layer anode material was obtained.
  • the lithium titanate material is weighed 1% of the total weight of the graphite and lithium titanate materials, and the graphite is stirred and mixed thoroughly, and the mixing time is stirred for 5 hours, so that the lithium titanate material is uniformly wrapped on the graphite surface; then at 1800 ° C After heat treatment for 1 hour, the lithium titanate material is melt-wrapped on the surface of the graphite particles to form a stable lithium titanate coating layer; finally, the vapor-grown carbon fiber is added at a ratio of 1% of the total weight of the negative electrode material, and coated with lithium titanate.
  • the graphite material was ball milled for 24 hours to obtain a graphite/lithium titanate/conductive three-layer anode material.
  • the lithium titanate material is weighed 10% of the total weight of the graphite and lithium titanate materials, and the graphite is stirred and mixed thoroughly, and the mixing time is stirred for 5 hours, so that the lithium titanate material is uniformly wrapped on the graphite surface; then at 1600 ° C After heat treatment for 1 hour, the lithium titanate material is melt-wrapped on the surface of the graphite particles to form a stable lithium titanate coating layer; finally, the carbon nanotubes are added at a ratio of 5% of the total weight of the negative electrode material, and coated with lithium titanate.
  • the graphite material was ball milled for 20 hours to obtain a graphite/lithium titanate/conductive three-layer anode material.
  • the lithium titanate material is weighed 8% of the total weight of the graphite and lithium titanate materials, and the graphite is stirred and mixed thoroughly, and the mixing time is stirred for 4 hours, so that the lithium titanate material is uniformly wrapped on the graphite surface; then at 1700 ° C Heat treatment for 1 hour, the lithium titanate material is melt-wrapped on the surface of the graphite particles to form a stable lithium titanate coating layer; finally, the vapor-grown carbon fiber is added at a ratio of 4% of the total weight of the negative electrode material, and coated with lithium titanate.
  • the graphite material was ball milled for 16 hours to obtain a graphite/lithium titanate/conductive three-layer anode material.
  • the negative electrode material prepared in the examples and the comparative examples, superconducting carbon black, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and styrene-butadiene rubber were prepared by using N-methylpyrrolidone as a solvent, and copper foil was used as a current collector. The slurry was coated on a copper foil and dried; the pole piece was rolled to form a negative electrode sheet.
  • the positive and negative electrode sheets and the separator are wound together, placed in a battery can, and the electrolyte is injected and sealed, and chemical conversion treatment is performed.
  • the charge and discharge voltages were 3.0 to 4.2 V and 3.0 to 4.35 V, respectively, and the battery performance was tested.
  • the test results are shown in Table 1.
  • the anode material with a charge-discharge voltage of 3.0 to 4.35 V is lower in efficiency than the battery of normal voltage of 3.0 to 4.2 V, because the surface of the material prepared by the present invention is coated with a conductive agent, and the specific surface area of the conductive agent is biased. High, leading to the first time The reverse capacity increases, so the first efficiency is low.
  • the 1000 cycle retention rate of the material of the present invention at high voltage charge and discharge is lower than that of the normal voltage, and is much higher than that of the comparative example, because the high voltage charge and discharge leads to the internal structure of the material. A large change has occurred, resulting in a sharp drop in battery cycle performance. Therefore, the high voltage material prepared by the present invention has high capacity performance while still maintaining good cycle performance.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'un matériau d'électrode négative modifié haute tension pour pile au lithium. Une pile au lithium préparée permet une charge/décharge rapide, et une tension de coupure de charge est augmentée jusqu'à 4,35 V, améliorant sensiblement la densité d'énergie de la pile. Le matériau d'électrode négative préparé utilise du graphite comme noyau. La surface du graphite est uniformément revêtue d'une couche de titanate de lithium, et ensuite la surface des particules de graphite revêtues du titanate de lithium est en outre revêtue d'une couche d'agent conducteur, formant une structure composite à trois couches graphite-titanate de lithium-agent conducteur. La pile préparée présente des performances de charge/décharge rapide souhaitables ; de plus, les performances à haute et basse température sont considérablement améliorées, et la sécurité est également sensiblement améliorée.
PCT/CN2016/085617 2015-06-26 2016-06-13 Procédé de préparation de matériau d'électrode négative modifié haute tension pour pile au lithium Ceased WO2016206548A1 (fr)

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CN201510356925.4 2015-06-26
CN201510356925.4A CN104916825A (zh) 2015-06-26 2015-06-26 一种锂电池高电压改性负极材料的制备方法

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Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10468674B2 (en) 2018-01-09 2019-11-05 South Dakota Board Of Regents Layered high capacity electrodes
CN111599995A (zh) * 2020-04-28 2020-08-28 惠州锂威新能源科技有限公司 负极材料及其制备方法、高电压锂离子电池
CN113363444A (zh) * 2021-06-15 2021-09-07 广东凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 一种纳米钛酸锂包覆改性石墨负极材料、其制备方法及其应用
CN114122318A (zh) * 2021-11-19 2022-03-01 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 一种负极极片及其制备方法和应用
CN114914421A (zh) * 2022-05-20 2022-08-16 广东凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 一种聚合物包覆的天然石墨负极材料及其制备方法和应用
CN115395005A (zh) * 2022-07-25 2022-11-25 浙江超威创元实业有限公司 一种改性钛酸钠负极材料、钠离子电池负极及钠离子电池
CN115425203A (zh) * 2022-09-21 2022-12-02 惠州锂威新能源科技有限公司 一种负极材料及其制备方法、负极极片和二次电池
US11626584B2 (en) 2014-04-25 2023-04-11 South Dakota Board Of Regents High capacity electrodes

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CN104916825A (zh) * 2015-06-26 2015-09-16 田东 一种锂电池高电压改性负极材料的制备方法
CN108232175B (zh) * 2018-02-06 2020-09-22 安徽科达铂锐能源科技有限公司 一种锂离子电池用石墨/钛酸锂复合负极材料及制备方法
CN110943208A (zh) * 2019-12-13 2020-03-31 成都爱敏特新能源技术有限公司 一种高温锂离子电池石墨负极材料及其制备方法
CN113745489B (zh) * 2021-09-15 2022-08-05 河北坤天新能源股份有限公司 一种低膨胀硅碳复合负极材料及其制备方法
CN115000373A (zh) * 2022-06-08 2022-09-02 万向一二三股份公司 一种钛酸锂/石墨复合负极材料的制备方法
CN117810450B (zh) * 2024-02-29 2024-04-30 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 一种锂离子电池改性石墨负极材料及其制备方法

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11626584B2 (en) 2014-04-25 2023-04-11 South Dakota Board Of Regents High capacity electrodes
US10468674B2 (en) 2018-01-09 2019-11-05 South Dakota Board Of Regents Layered high capacity electrodes
US11824189B2 (en) 2018-01-09 2023-11-21 South Dakota Board Of Regents Layered high capacity electrodes
CN111599995A (zh) * 2020-04-28 2020-08-28 惠州锂威新能源科技有限公司 负极材料及其制备方法、高电压锂离子电池
CN113363444A (zh) * 2021-06-15 2021-09-07 广东凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 一种纳米钛酸锂包覆改性石墨负极材料、其制备方法及其应用
CN114122318A (zh) * 2021-11-19 2022-03-01 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 一种负极极片及其制备方法和应用
CN114914421A (zh) * 2022-05-20 2022-08-16 广东凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 一种聚合物包覆的天然石墨负极材料及其制备方法和应用
CN114914421B (zh) * 2022-05-20 2024-05-03 广东凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 一种聚合物包覆的天然石墨负极材料及其制备方法和应用
CN115395005A (zh) * 2022-07-25 2022-11-25 浙江超威创元实业有限公司 一种改性钛酸钠负极材料、钠离子电池负极及钠离子电池
CN115425203A (zh) * 2022-09-21 2022-12-02 惠州锂威新能源科技有限公司 一种负极材料及其制备方法、负极极片和二次电池

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