WO2016209092A2 - Procédé et appareil de traitement de déchets - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de traitement de déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016209092A2
WO2016209092A2 PCT/PH2015/000009 PH2015000009W WO2016209092A2 WO 2016209092 A2 WO2016209092 A2 WO 2016209092A2 PH 2015000009 W PH2015000009 W PH 2015000009W WO 2016209092 A2 WO2016209092 A2 WO 2016209092A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
superheated steam
heating chamber
heating
waste material
waste
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/PH2015/000009
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2016209092A3 (fr
Inventor
Ivan Spencer A. LIM
Roderick S. DAYOT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/PH2015/000009 priority Critical patent/WO2016209092A2/fr
Publication of WO2016209092A2 publication Critical patent/WO2016209092A2/fr
Publication of WO2016209092A3 publication Critical patent/WO2016209092A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L11/00—Methods specially adapted for refuse
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Disinfection or sterilisation of materials or objects, in general; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02—Disinfection or sterilisation of materials or objects, in general; Accessories therefor using physical processes
    • A61L2/04—Heat
    • A61L2/06—Hot gas
    • A61L2/07—Steam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
    • B02C19/0075—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for specially adapted for disintegrating medical waste
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/65—Medical waste

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to waste management and more specifically to a method and apparatus for treating waste material.
  • Waste materials such as medical waste made of plastic, wood, paper, cellulose, etc.
  • incinerators are usually burned in incenerators without any safety treatment processes that would ensure environmental safety and protection.
  • another method of treating medical waste is the use of an autoclave wherein steam is used to disinfect the medical waste.
  • steam is used to disinfect the medical waste.
  • the aforesaid introduction of steam to the medical waste has been observed to be insufficient in disinfecting the waste since the distribution of heat and high heat transfer is uneven during treatment.
  • the steam being applied converts into water at a fast rate such that the medical waste becomes wet, heavy and odorous.
  • Burning of these medical waste requires high temperature, preferably about 700 degree celsius, to facilitate combustion and elimination of toxic gases generated by such medical waste.
  • high temperature preferably about 700 degree celsius
  • such temperature cannot be attained since it wi ll require tremendous amount of fuel, thus rendering it to be too costly to do.
  • An example of the incinerator of the prior art is the conventional refuse incinerator faci l ity, wherein a boi ler and auxilliary burner is used.
  • the refuse is directly burned in order to raise the temperature of the incinerator and the temperature of boiling water in the boiler.
  • At the initial start of the operation there is already a production of a low-temperature combustion gas which inflicts damage to the facility due to low-temperature corrosion buildup.
  • the common practice is to discharge this combustion gas by way of a bypass duct and stack.
  • Another example is an exhaust gas treating apparatus wherein the refuse is incinerated and then completely combusted by a secondary air in a secondary combustion chamber. The ashes is then discharged to the atmosphere while the exhaust gas generated by the combustion is subjected to heat recovery by waste heat boiler and waste heat reclaimer (pre-heater) as it flows towards a quenching reaction tower.
  • the exhaust gas in the quenching reaction tower is sprayed with slaked lime slurry to remove hydrogen chloride (HCL) and sulfur oxide (SOx). Smoke dust, fly ash, HCL, SOx, heavy metals and dioxins, which remains in the exhaust gas, are then removed in a bag filter.
  • the exhaust gas after treatment in then discharged to the atmosphere.
  • the present invention as herein disclosed provides treatment of waste materials wherein biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste materials, in particular medical waste.
  • biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste materials such as plastic, wood, paper, cellulose, etc.
  • medical waste such as plastic, wood, paper, cellulose, etc.
  • Pyrolysis is defined in the present invention as the process of heating fuels and other combustible elements without oxidation , in which the thermally treated solid waste are reduced into fuel and change its phase into gaseous form without the presence of air and oxygen.
  • the gas produced from the pyrolysis process is called synthesis gas that can be used as fuel.
  • the present invention being capable of disinfecting and carbonizing such waste through utilization of heating temperature generated by the apparatus.
  • the present invention further utilizes environmentally compatible catalyst, such as pyrolytic steam injection process in combination with a heating system assisted with water for high temperature burning.
  • environmentally compatible catalyst such as pyrolytic steam injection process in combination with a heating system assisted with water for high temperature burning.
  • the air being emitted by the present apparatus is pollutant-free since only water and steam is used and no chemicals are added in the process.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for treating waste which can be used for heating and treating other waste materials such as garbage and the like materials.
  • the present invention is very easy to operate and can be used in cities and hospitals for their medical and garbage waste management.
  • Figure 1 is an illustrative presentation of the invention being used in the treatment of waste materials.
  • Figure 2 is a perspecti ve view of one of the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1 , and
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • an apparatus for treating waste such as medical and hazardous waste and garbage waste, generally designated as 10 comprising an insulated structure 1 1 having a plurality of heating assemblies 12 fixedly held on said insulated structure.
  • Said insulated structure being arranged such that it is capable of being held in an elevated manner by suitable conventional support structure (not shown).
  • Insulated structure 1 1 includes an insulated hollow outer shell member 13 and hollow inner shell member 14. and a heat chamber 1 5 being defined by said outer and inner shell members and disposed therebetween.
  • Said inner shell member 14 defining a waste heating chamber I I, wherein the waste material is capable of passing and indirectly heated therein such that it can be transformed into carbon and/or disinfected depending on the waste material being heated.
  • Conveying means is preferably a screw conveyor being capable of rotational movement by suitable prime mover, such as electric motor M.
  • a waste material inlet 17 provided on one end of the inner shell member 14 being in communication with a waste hopper D fixedly held thereof, and a discharge port 18 provided at the opposite end of said inner shell member 14, wherein the carbonized and/or disinfected waste material is being discharged by said conveying means.
  • Each of said heating assemblies 12 includes a pre-heating chamber 1 9 in communication with said heat chamber 15, a superheated steam producing means 20 being held on said pre-heating chamber 19, and a burner 21 fixedly held on said superheated steam producing means 20.
  • Burner 21 being arranged in a manner wherein its capable of providing flame heat in said superheated steam producing means 20, pre-heating chamber 19 and heat chamber 15.
  • Said superheated steam producing means 20 is preferably a boiler being made such that it is capable of transforming water contained therein into superheated steam through utilization of heat generated by the burner flame.
  • Superheated steam producing means 20 being defined by a water containing means 21 mounted on a steaming chamber 22.
  • superheated steam line 23 having a coiled section C disposed within the steaming chamber 22 and in communication with said water containing means 21 .
  • Water flowing in said superheated steam line 23 being capable of transforming into superheated steam upon exposure to high termperature generated by the burner flame.
  • Superheated steam line 23 is preferably made of chromium and nickel such that it can serve as catalyst in tranforming the superheated steam into hydrogen and oxygen gases upon contact thereof. Said gases in then being introduced to the burner flame through gas discharge port P of the superheated steam line 23 to increase the heating value of the burner flame.
  • introduction of synthesis gas in the heat chamber allows removal of toxic gases in the waste heating chamber and also provides additional means for further increasing the heating temperature during the heating process.
  • the insulated structure 10 may be made to communicate with at least another identical insulated structure such that further carbonization and/or disinfection can be facilitated.
  • An air cooling chamber A may be provided and being made to communicate with one of said insulated structure to facilitate cooling and disposing the carbonized and/or disinfected waste material coming from the said insulated structure.
  • a gas filtering means F may be provided and arranged to communicate with said insulated structure such that filtering of exhaust gases such as sythesis gas, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, produced in the waste chamber during the heating of the waste material may be converted into carbon dioxide and water.
  • gas filtering means includes a draft fan D for drawing the gases, an activated carbon filter E for filtering the gases and a cyclonic enclosure N in communication with said filtering means for converting said gases to water and carbon dioxide.
  • apparatus for treating waste material 1 0a comprises an elevated insulated structure 1 1 a having a rotary shell 12a mounted therein, and a heating assembly 13a in communication with said rotary shell 12a.
  • An air chamber A being defined by said rotary shell 12a and insulated structure 1 l a being in communication with a plurality of air inlets B and air outlet O provided on said insulated structure 1 1 a.
  • An air handling device D is in communication with said air outlet O, such that it is capable of draw ing atmospheric air entering the air inlets B and allows it to flow within the air chamber A. The atmospheric air then circulates around rotary shell 12a before exiting in the air outlet O during the rotary shell cooling process.
  • Said rotary shell 1 2a having an inner door member 1 4a and a mechanically lockable outer door member 15a that defines a gas chamber 1 6a and a waste heating chamber 17a.
  • Said lockable outer cover member 1 5a being made in a conventionally lockable manner as shown in Figure 4 of the drawings.
  • Waste heating chamber 1 7a being in communication with said gas chamber 16a through a plurality of gas passages 1 8a provided on the inner door member 14a.
  • Rotary shell 12a further having a pre-heating chamber 1 9a fixedly held thereof and in communication with waste heating chamber 1 7a.
  • Said heating assembly 13a includes a superheated steam producing means 20a in communication with said said pre-heating chamber 19a and a structurally-supported burner 2 1 a in communication with said superheated steam producing means 20a.
  • Said superheated steam producing means is preferably a boiler consisting of a water containing means 22a mounted on a steaming chamber 23a, a superheated steam line 24a having a coiled section C disposed within the steaming chamber 23a and communicating with said water containing means 22a.
  • Burner 21 a being in communication with said steaming chamber 23a and arranged such that it is capable of providing flame heat to said steaming chamber and to the pre-heating chamber and waste heating chamber 17a.
  • Coiled section C of superheated steam line 24a is disposed in alignment with the flame path of burner 21 a such that the water in the coiled section C is converted into superheated steam upon a predetermined high temperature generated by the flame of the burner.
  • Superheated steam line 24a is preferably made of chromium and nickel, such that it can serve as catalyst in generating hydrogen and oxygen from the superheated steam upon its reaction thereof. Said hydrogen and oxygen gases in turn is subsequently introduced in the flame of the burner through the outlet port of said superheated steam line 24a to further increase its heating value.
  • One of said gas lines 26a having its outlet port 28a in communication with the primary pre-heating chamber 19a and the other gas line having a coiled section B with an outlet port 29a disposed within said pre-heating chamber 19a.
  • Said gas lines 26a being arranged such that the gas from the gas chamber is capable of flowing therein and subsequently introduced in the burner flame together with the hydrogen and oxygen gases being introduced by superheated steam line 24a.
  • Rollers 3 1 a mounted on suitable conventional base frame may be provided to rotatably support the forward portion of rotary shell 1 2a.
  • the method for treating waste material of the present invention includes:
  • heating w ater at a high temperature until it is tranformed into superheated steam can be facilitated by suitable burning means, such as burner B.
  • the superheated steam is then allowed to react with chromium and nickel such that hydrogen and oxygen gases is generated from said superheated steam which in turn is re-introduced in the burner flame, thereby increasing the heating value of the heat generated by said flame.
  • Said high termperature heat in the heat chamber is then indirectly transferred to the waste heating chamber to facilitate carbonization and/or disinfection of the waste being treated.
  • the temperature within the waste heating chamber should be at least about 700 degree celsius such that the waste can be converted into carbonized form and there would be production of synthesis gas through high temperature pyrolysis process.
  • the pyrolysis process is the process of heating fuels and other combustible elements without oxidation.
  • the thermally treated solid waste in this case are converted into fuel form and change its phase into gaseous form without the presence of air and oxygen.
  • the gas produced is called synthesis gas that can also be used as fuel.
  • the synthesis gas produced in the waste chamber during the heating process of the waste materials is then introduced as fuel and allowed to mixed with the flame in combination with the hydrogen and oxygen gas of the superheated steam.
  • the process effectively removes carbon monoxide + hydrogen (CO+H) which is considered as highly toxic pollutant. Since the treatment utilizes a combination of pyrolytic gas and steam injection process, a cleaner emission is achieved since it only uses water and steam and no chemicals are used in the process. Furthermore, such recycling of pyrolysis-generated sy thesis gas further serves in reducing the amount of fuel spent during the burning process.
  • the heating temperature in the waste heating chamber is regulated at about 1 2 1 degree celsius to facilitate disinfection and kill the pathogens in the waste. At this temperature, no synthesis gas is formed such that carbonization of the waste is directly done after disinfection.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de traitement de déchets qui comprend : une structure isolée ayant une pluralité d'ensembles de chauffage retenus à celle-ci, chacun desdits ensembles de chauffage étant agencé d'une manière telle qu'il est capable de fournir une chaleur de flamme dans ladite structure isolée, ladite structure isolée étant fabriquée de telle sorte qu'elle est capable de loger et d'éliminer des déchets chauffés et carbonisés à l'intérieur de celle-ci, la structure isolée comprenant un élément de coque externe creux et isolé et un élément de coque interne creux, qui délimitent une chambre de chauffage disposée entre eux, une chambre de chauffage de déchets étant délimitée par ledit élément de coque interne, et un moyen de transport situé à l'intérieur de l'élément de coque interne et retenu à celui-ci d'une manière dans laquelle il est capable de fournir un mouvement et d'éliminer les déchets chauffés et/ou carbonisés disposés dans l'élément de coque interne, chacun desdits ensembles de chauffage étant constitué d'une chambre de préchauffage en communication avec ladite chambre de chauffage, un moyen de production de vapeur surchauffée en communication avec ladite chambre de préchauffage, et un brûleur maintenu de façon fixe sur ledit moyen de production de vapeur surchauffée et agencé de telle sorte qu'il est capable de fournir une chaleur de flamme dans ledit moyen de production de vapeur surchauffée, la chambre de préchauffage et la chambre de chauffage, ledit moyen de production de vapeur surchauffée étant capable de transformer l'eau contenue à l'intérieur de celui-ci en vapeur surchauffée par utilisation de la chaleur générée par ledit brûleur et facilitant l'introduction de gaz d'hydrogène et d'oxygène obtenus de ladite vapeur surchauffée dans la flamme de brûleur dans la chambre de pré-chauffage, et une conduite de gaz de synthèse en communication avec ladite chambre de chauffage de déchets étant agencée de telle sorte qu'elle est capable de permettre l'introduction, dans la flamme de brûleur, du gaz de synthèse produit pendant le chauffage des déchets à l'intérieur de la chambre de chauffage de déchets.
PCT/PH2015/000009 2015-06-23 2015-06-23 Procédé et appareil de traitement de déchets Ceased WO2016209092A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/PH2015/000009 WO2016209092A2 (fr) 2015-06-23 2015-06-23 Procédé et appareil de traitement de déchets

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/PH2015/000009 WO2016209092A2 (fr) 2015-06-23 2015-06-23 Procédé et appareil de traitement de déchets

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WO2016209092A2 true WO2016209092A2 (fr) 2016-12-29
WO2016209092A3 WO2016209092A3 (fr) 2017-07-20

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111076176A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2020-04-28 北京京能清洁能源电力股份有限公司北京分公司 热解装置
US20200368376A1 (en) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-26 Julius B. CO Method and apparatus for nitrogen filled chamber carbonization of waste material
CN115195258A (zh) * 2022-07-07 2022-10-18 东莞市茂基机械设备科技有限公司 一种可分段控制的加热预热缸及其加热预热方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3884163A (en) * 1973-09-17 1975-05-20 Ankersen Resource Systems Inc Waste disposal and energy recovery reactor apparatus and method
US4261795A (en) * 1979-11-16 1981-04-14 Reilly Bertram B Apparatus for solid waste pyrolysis
US4490349A (en) * 1981-08-17 1984-12-25 Beeston Company Limited Hydrogen production
CN100356103C (zh) * 2002-06-03 2007-12-19 霍努阿技术公司 医疗废弃物和其它废料的热解方法
US7452392B2 (en) * 2003-11-29 2008-11-18 Nick Peter A Process for pyrolytic heat recovery enhanced with gasification of organic material
WO2012100247A2 (fr) * 2011-01-23 2012-07-26 Tucker Jerry Système de pyrolyse autonome pour génération d'énergie

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20200368376A1 (en) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-26 Julius B. CO Method and apparatus for nitrogen filled chamber carbonization of waste material
CN111076176A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2020-04-28 北京京能清洁能源电力股份有限公司北京分公司 热解装置
CN111076176B (zh) * 2019-12-20 2022-08-09 北京京能清洁能源电力股份有限公司北京分公司 热解装置
CN115195258A (zh) * 2022-07-07 2022-10-18 东莞市茂基机械设备科技有限公司 一种可分段控制的加热预热缸及其加热预热方法

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