WO2017005145A1 - 一种多波束天线馈电网络以及多波束天线阵列 - Google Patents

一种多波束天线馈电网络以及多波束天线阵列 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017005145A1
WO2017005145A1 PCT/CN2016/088155 CN2016088155W WO2017005145A1 WO 2017005145 A1 WO2017005145 A1 WO 2017005145A1 CN 2016088155 W CN2016088155 W CN 2016088155W WO 2017005145 A1 WO2017005145 A1 WO 2017005145A1
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switch
output
output port
beam antenna
feed network
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王强
耿阳
阳建军
温立
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation

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  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a multi-beam antenna feed network and a multi-beam antenna array.
  • the multi-beam antenna feed network is used to feed the multi-beam antenna.
  • the steering vector of the antenna can be changed, so that the antenna forms different beams.
  • FIG. 1 The basic structure of the multi-beam antenna feeding network in the current technology is as shown in FIG. 1 , which mainly includes an input port 101 , two output ports 102 and 103 , a microstrip line 104 connecting two output ports, and several strips ( FIG. 1 ) In the example, only four strips are connected to the branch microstrip line 105 and the single-pole multi-throw switch 106 connected to the microstrip line.
  • the input port 101 receives the energy signal
  • the single-pole multi-throw switch 106 dials to any of the branch microstrip lines, and the energy signal is transmitted to the microstrip line 104 via the branch microstrip line, and then the two signals are respectively split into two antenna signals.
  • Output is output at output ports 102 and 103.
  • the feed network can also include another output port 107 that is directly coupled to the input port.
  • the microstrip line structure between the input port 101 and the output ports 102, 103, and 107 can be regarded as a one-third power division network.
  • the plurality of branch microstrip lines are microstrip lines whose length is an integral multiple of 1/2 wavelength of the energy signal.
  • the single-pole multi-throw switch 106 is switched to the second end of one of the branch microstrip lines, the second end of the other branch microstrip line is in an open state. Due to the periodicity of the 1/2 wavelength of the microstrip line, the state of the first end of the other branch microstrip line connected to the trunk microstrip line is equivalent to the open state of the second end, so that the other branch micro The strip line does not cause phase effects or energy loss to the entire feed network.
  • the multi-beam antenna feed network shown in FIG. 1 requires that the branch microstrip line must be an integral multiple of 1/2 wavelength of the energy signal, and in practical applications, it is difficult to accurately deploy the length of the microstrip line to 1 An integer multiple of /2 wavelength, which causes the first end of the branch microstrip line not to be in an open state, thereby causing phase shift and energy loss to the entire feed network.
  • the length of the microstrip line is accurately controlled to an integral multiple of 1/2 wavelength of the energy signal, the bandwidth of the feed network is narrow, which affects the output performance of the feed network.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a multi-beam antenna feeding network, which has better feeding performance than the existing feeding network.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a multi-beam antenna feed network, including:
  • Input port for inputting an energy signal
  • trunk microstrip line wherein two ends of the trunk microstrip line are respectively connected to the first output port and the second output port;
  • each of the first switches includes a first switch input and a first switch output, and a first switch output of the M first switches Connected to different positions of the trunk microstrip line, the first switch input ends of the M first switches are respectively connected to the first ends of the M branch microstrip lines, and the M is not less than An integer of 2;
  • the second switch is a single-pole M-throw switch, and includes a second switch input end and M second switch output ends, the second switch input end is connected to the input port, the M first The two switch outputs are respectively connected to the second ends of the M branch microstrip lines.
  • a m+1 (a m + a m+2 )/ 2 , 1 ⁇ m ⁇ M-2
  • the a m is used to indicate the phase of the first antenna signal when the second switch is dialed to the mth second switch output
  • a m+1 is used to indicate when the second switch
  • the a m+2 is used to indicate that when the second switch is dialed to the m+2 second switch output
  • the phase of the first antenna signal is used to indicate the phase of the first antenna signal.
  • the multi-beam antenna feed network further includes:
  • a third output port is configured to output a third antenna signal, and the third output port is connected to the input port.
  • the phase of the third antenna signal is a phase of the first antenna signal An average of the phases of the second antenna signals.
  • the first switch The single pole double throw switch includes a load, and when the first switch is open, the first switch input is connected to the load.
  • any one of the first to fourth implementation manners of the first aspect in a fifth implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first output The port and/or the second output port are respectively used to feed one or more antennas.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a multi-beam antenna feed network, including:
  • Input port for inputting an energy signal
  • trunk microstrip line wherein two ends of the trunk microstrip line are respectively connected to the first output port and the second output port;
  • connection switch is a single-pole N-throw switch, and includes a connection switch input end and N connection switch output ends, the connection switch input end is connected to the input port, and the N connection switch output ends are respectively located At different positions of the trunk microstrip line, the N is an integer not less than 2.
  • b n+1 (b n + b n+2 )/ 2 , 1 ⁇ n ⁇ N -2
  • the b n is used to indicate a phase of the first antenna signal when the connection switch is dialed to an output of the nth connection switch
  • the b n+1 is used to indicate that when the connection switch is dialed
  • the phase of the first antenna signal when the n+1th connection switch output end is used
  • the b n+2 is used to indicate that when the connection switch is dialed to the n+2 connection switch output end, The phase of the first antenna signal.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a multi-beam antenna feed array, including P first aspects, first to fifth implementations, and second aspects of the first aspect of the present invention, or In the multi-beam antenna feed network of any of the first implementations of the second aspect, the P is an integer not less than one.
  • the P multiple beam antenna feed networks comprise a total of Q output ports, wherein the qth output port The phase difference between the q+1th output port and the q+1th output port is equal to the phase difference between the q+1th output port and the q+2 output port, Q ⁇ 2P, 1 ⁇ q ⁇ Q-2.
  • a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a dual-polarized multi-beam antenna feed array comprising one or two of the third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention or the first implementation of the third aspect. Multi-beam antenna feed array.
  • a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a MIMO antenna, including the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the first to fifth implementation manners of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the first aspect of the second aspect A multi-beam antenna feed network as described in any one of the implementations.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is based on the existing multi-beam antenna feeding network, and a first switch is added at a connection between the branch microstrip line and the trunk microstrip line, and an open circuit is connected between the branch microstrip line and the trunk microstrip line.
  • the state can be achieved by opening the first switch, so there is no need to set the length of the branch microstrip line to 1/2 wavelength of the energy signal. This reduces the requirements on the branch microstrip line, avoids the influence of the length error of the branch microstrip line on the feed network, expands the bandwidth of the feeder circuit, and improves the performance of the feed network.
  • Figure 1 shows the basic structure of a multi-beam antenna feed network in the current state of the art
  • FIG. 2(a) is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a multi-beam antenna feed network according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2(b) is a structural diagram of another embodiment of a multi-beam antenna feed network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of another embodiment of a multi-beam antenna feed network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a multi-beam antenna feed array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a multi-beam antenna feed network for avoiding the influence of the length error of the branch microstrip line on the feed network and improving the performance of the feed network.
  • the multi-beam antenna feed network provided by the embodiment of the present invention refers to FIG. 2(a) and includes:
  • the first output port 202 and the second output port 203 are respectively configured to output the first antenna signal and the second antenna signal;
  • a trunk microstrip line 204 the two ends of which are respectively connected to the first output port 202 and the second output port 203;
  • each of the first switches 205 includes a first switch input end and a first switch output end, each first switch output end is connected to the trunk microstrip line 204, and the M first switches They are connected to different locations of the trunk microstrip line 204, respectively.
  • the first switch 205 can be a PIN switch or other type of switch, which is not limited in this embodiment. Wherein, the ideal impedance of the first switch 205 in the off state is infinite;
  • the M branch microstrip lines 206 are in one-to-one correspondence with the M first switches 205. Specifically, the first end of each of the branch microstrip lines 206 is respectively connected to the first switch input end of each of the first switches 205, and when one of the first switches 205 is turned on, the first switch 205 is turned on.
  • the connected branch microstrip line 206 can be considered to be connected to the trunk microstrip line 204.
  • the length of the branch microstrip line 206 is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the second switch 207, the microstrip line structure between the input port 201 and the output ports 202, 203 can be regarded as a one-two power division network, and the second switch 207 is used to select the power branch path of the power division network.
  • the second switch 207 is a single-pole M-throw switch, and includes a second switch input end and M second switch output ends, the second switch input end is connected to the input port 201, and the M second switch output ends are respectively Connected to the second end of the M branch microstrip line 206.
  • the second switch 207 dials each time a second switch output.
  • the M first switches 205, the M branch microstrip lines 206, and the M second switch outputs of the second switch 207 are described in a left-to-right order according to FIG. 2(a). working principle.
  • the M first switch 205, the M branch microstrip lines 206, and the M second switch outputs of the second switch 207 have a one-to-one correspondence, and when the second switch 207 dials the mth second When the output terminal is switched, the mth first switch 205 needs to be set to be in a corresponding state, and the other M-1 first switches 205 should be correspondingly set to an off state to avoid affecting the feed network.
  • the energy signal input from the input port 201 is branched into a first antenna signal and a second antenna signal at the mth first switch 205 that is turned on, and is output by the first output port 202 and the second output port 203, respectively.
  • the energy signal input from the input port 201 will be split at a different first switch 205 due to the arrival of a different first switch 205 on the trunk microstrip line 204.
  • the distance between the first output port 202 and the second output port 203 is different, so the phase change of the energy signal from the different first switch to the output port is also different, so by selecting the second switch output dialed by the second switch 207,
  • the antenna signals are phase shifted in different phases.
  • m is a variable. In the discussion of this paragraph, the range of m is a natural number not greater than M.
  • each branch microstrip line 205 need not be an integral multiple of 1/2 of the energy signal.
  • This embodiment provides a multi-beam antenna feed network.
  • a first switch 205 is added to the branch microstrip line 206 and the trunk microstrip line 204.
  • the branch microstrip line 206 and the trunk micro The open state at which the strips 204 are connected can be achieved by opening the first switch 205, so there is no need to set the length of the branch microstrip line 206 to 1/2 wavelength of the energy signal. This reduces the requirement for the branch microstrip line, avoids the influence of the length error of the branch microstrip line on the feed network, expands the bandwidth of the feed network, and improves the performance of the feed network.
  • the antenna signals can be phase shifted in different phases. Therefore, as a further embodiment of the present invention, the position of the M first switches 205 on the trunk microstrip line 204 and the length of the branch microstrip line 206 may be set such that when the second switch 207 is sequentially When dialing a different second switch output, the output signal of the feed network is equal phase difference.
  • a m+1 (a m + a m + 2 ) / 2, 1 ⁇ m ⁇ M - 2, wherein a m is used to indicate that when the second switch 207 dials the mth When the output ends of the two switches, the phase of the first antenna signal output by the first output port 202, a m+1 is used to indicate that the first antenna signal is when the second switch dials the output of the m+1th second switch The phase, a m+2, is used to indicate the phase of the first antenna signal when the second switch dials the m+2 second switch outputs.
  • m is a variable, and in the formula of this paragraph, the value of m ranges from 1 ⁇ m ⁇ M-2.
  • the phase of the output signal of the feed network may form a central symmetry, ie:
  • the multi-beam antenna feed network provided in this embodiment may further include an optional third output port 208 for outputting a third antenna signal, wherein the third output port 208 is connected to the input port 201.
  • the third output port 208 is connected to the input port 201 through the microstrip line.
  • the phase of the third antenna signal can be made the first output port.
  • the phase of the third antenna signal is not necessarily strictly an average of the first antenna signal and the second antenna signal, and there may be a certain error.
  • the third antenna signal may be within 20% of the upper and lower values of the average of the first antenna signal and the second antenna signal.
  • the microstrip line structure between the input port 201 and the output ports 202, 203, and 208 can be regarded as a one-to-three power division network.
  • the first switch 205 can be a PIN switch, or can be other types of switches, such as a single-pole single-throw switch, a single-pole double-throw switch, etc., in the first state of the first switch 205, the ideal first The impedance at the output of the switch is infinite.
  • the impedance of the output of the PIN switch or the single-pole single-throw switch in the off state may not be infinite, which will still affect the feed network. Therefore, as still another embodiment of the present invention, the M first switches 205 are single pole double throw switches, please refer to FIG. 2(b).
  • each single-pole double-throw switch includes a first switch input end and two first switch output ends, wherein one of the first switch output ends is a junction point connected to the trunk microstrip line 204, and the other first The output of the switch is connected to the load, and the other end of the load can be grounded (not shown).
  • the mth first switch 205 is closed, the mth single pole double throw switch is dialed to the corresponding junction point, and the other M-1 single pole double throw switches are dialed to the corresponding load to achieve the disconnection state.
  • the first antenna signal outputted by the first output port 202 and the second antenna signal outputted by the second output port 203 can respectively feed one antenna, or can feed an (A ⁇ B) antenna array composed of multiple antennas.
  • the embodiment of the invention is not limited. Wherein A and B are integers not less than one.
  • FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b) implements a trunk microstrip line through the first switch 205. Open state at the junction with the branch microstrip line.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides another multi-beam antenna feed network, which can also achieve the same function.
  • FIG. 3 For the structure, please refer to FIG. 3:
  • the first output port 302 and the second output port 303 are respectively configured to output the first antenna signal and the second antenna signal;
  • a trunk microstrip line 304 the two ends of which are respectively connected to the first output port 302 and the second output port 303;
  • the input end of the connection switch is connected to the input port 301, and the output ends of the N connection switches are respectively located at different positions of the trunk microstrip line 304.
  • the connection switch 305 dials the output of the nth connection switch, the energy signal is shunted at the output of the nth connection switch.
  • n is a variable. In the discussion of this paragraph, the value of n is a natural number not greater than N.
  • the dry microstrip line in order to make the output of the connection switch on the dry microstrip line 304, the dry microstrip line can be appropriately bent and crimped, as shown in FIG.
  • connection switch output end of the connection switch 305 is directly connected to the trunk microstrip line without using a branch microstrip line.
  • connection switch 305 dialed to one of the connection switch output terminals, the other connection switch output terminals are in an open state, which does not affect the feed network, thereby improving the performance of the feed network.
  • the position of the N connection switch outputs on the trunk microstrip line 304 can be set such that when the connection switch 305 is sequentially dialed differently When the output of the switch is connected, the output signal of the feed network is equal to the phase difference.
  • b n+1 (b n + b n + 2 ) / 2 , 1 ⁇ n ⁇ N , wherein the b n is used to indicate that when the connection switch 305 is dialed to the nth connection switch At the output end, the phase of the first antenna signal, b n+1 is used to indicate the phase of the first antenna signal when the connection switch 305 is dialed to the output of the n+1th connection switch, and b n+2 is used to indicate when The phase of the first antenna signal when the connection switch 305 dials the output of the n+2th connection switch.
  • n is a variable. In the formula of this paragraph, the range of n is: 1 ⁇ n ⁇ N-2.
  • the first antenna signal outputted by the first output port 302 and the second antenna signal outputted by the second output port 303 can respectively feed one antenna, or can feed an (A ⁇ B) antenna array composed of multiple antennas.
  • the embodiment of the invention is not limited. Wherein A and B are integers not less than one.
  • the basic structure of the multi-beam antenna feed network of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in the embodiment shown in Figs. 2(a), 2(b) and 3. Wherein, a plurality of multi-beam antenna feed networks are combined to obtain a multi-beam antenna feed array, see FIG.
  • the P multi-beam antenna feed networks may share one input port or may have different input ports.
  • Each multi-beam antenna feed network has more than two output ports, so the multi-beam antenna feed array includes Q output ports, Q ⁇ 2P.
  • the Q output ports may have an equal phase difference, that is, the phase difference between the qth output port and the q+1th output port is equal to the q+1th output port and the q+2 output port.
  • the phase difference where q is a variable, in the discussion of this paragraph, the range of q is: 1 ⁇ q ⁇ Q-2.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a dual-polarized multi-beam antenna feed array comprising one or two multi-beam antenna feed arrays as shown in FIG.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a MIMO antenna, including the multi-beam antenna feed network as shown in any one of FIG. 2(a), FIG. 2(b), and FIG.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种多波束天线馈电网络，用于避免支路微带线的长度误差对馈电网络的影响，提高了馈电网络的性能。本发明实施例包括：输入端口，用于输入能量信号；第一输出端口和第二输出端口，分别用于输出第一天线信号和第二天线信号；干路微带线、M个第一开关和M条支路微带线；第二开关，所述第二开关为单刀M掷开关，且包括第二开关输入端与M个第二开关输出端，所述第二开关输入端与所述输入端口相连，所述M个第二开关输出端分别连接在所述M条支路微带线的第二端上。本发明实施例还提供了相关的多波束天线馈电阵列。

Description

一种多波束天线馈电网络以及多波束天线阵列
本申请要求于2015年7月3日提交中国专利局、申请号为201510387764.5、发明名称为“一种多波束天线馈电网络以及多波束天线阵列”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种多波束天线馈电网络以及多波束天线阵列。
背景技术
多波束天线馈电网络用于向多波束天线馈电，通过调节馈电网络输出的相位和幅度，可以改变天线的导向矢量，使得天线形成不同的波束。现阶段的技术中的多波束天线馈电网络的基本结构请参阅图1，主要包括输入端口101、两个输出端口102和103、连接两个输出端口的微带线104、若干条(图1中仅以4条为例)连接在微带线上的支路微带线105、单刀多掷开关106组成。其中，输入端口101接收能量信号，单刀多掷开关106拨打到任意一条支路微带线上，该能量信号经过支路微带线传输到微带线104，然后分路为两个天线信号分别在输出端口102和103输出。由图1可以看出，通过切换单刀多掷开关106拨打到的支路微带线，可以使得能量信号在微带线104的不同位置处处分路，由于不同位置到达两个输出端口的距离不同，因此能量信号通过微带线104到达两个输出端口的相位变化也不同，这样就得到了多种相位的天线信号。该馈电网络也可以包括另一个输出端口107，输出端口107直接与输入端口相连。其中，输入端口101至输出端口102、103和107之间的微带线结构可以看做是一个一分三的功分网络。
其中，该多条支路微带线为长度为能量信号的1/2波长的整数倍的微带线。当单刀多掷开关106切换到某一条支路微带线的第二端上时，其他支路微带线的第二端处于开路状态。由于微带线的1/2波长的周期性，该其他支路微带线连接在干路微带线上的第一端的状态会等效于第二端的开路状态，这样该其他支路微带线就不会对整个馈电网络造成相位影响或能量损耗。
但是图1所示的多波束天线馈电网络要求支路微带线必须是能量信号的1/2波长的整数倍，而在实际应用中，很难精确的将微带线的长度部署为1/2波长的整数倍，这样就会导致支路微带线的第一端不处于开路状态，进而对整个馈电网络造成相位偏移、能量损耗等影响。另一方面，若将微带线的长度精确的控制在能量信号的1/2波长的整数倍，会导致馈电网络的带宽较窄，影响馈电网络的输出性能。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种多波束天线馈电网络，与现有的馈电网络相比具有较好的馈电性能。
本发明实施例的第一方面提供了一种多波束天线馈电网络，包括：
输入端口，用于输入能量信号；
第一输出端口和第二输出端口，分别用于输出第一天线信号和第二天线信号；
干路微带线，所述干路微带线的两端分别连接所述第一输出端口与所述第二输出端口；
M个第一开关和M条支路微带线，其中，每个所述第一开关包括第一开关输入端与第一开关输出端，且所述M个第一开关的第一开关输出端连接在所述干路微带线的不同位置上，所述M个第一开关的第一开关输入端分别与所述M条支路微带线的第一端相连，所述M为不小于2的整数；
第二开关，所述第二开关为单刀M掷开关，且包括第二开关输入端与M个第二开关输出端，所述第二开关输入端与所述输入端口相连，所述M个第二开关输出端分别连接在所述M条支路微带线的第二端上。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面，本发明实施例的第一方面的第一种实现方式中，am+1＝(am+am+2)/2，1≤m≤M-2，其中，所述am用于表示当所述第二开关拨打到第m个第二开关输出端时，所述第一天线信号的相位，am+1用于表示当所述第二开关拨打到第m+1个第二开关输出端时，所述第一天线信号的相位，所述am+2用于表示当所述第二开关拨打到第m+2个第二开关输出端时，所述第一天线信号的相位。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面或第一方面的第一种实现方式，本发明实施例的第一方面的第二种实现方式中，所述多波束天线馈电网络还包括：
第三输出端口，用于输出第三天线信号，所述第三输出端口与所述输入端口相连。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面的第二种实现方式，本发明实施例的第一方面的第三种实现方式中，所述第三天线信号的相位为所述第一天线信号的相位与所述第二天线信号的相位的平均值。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面、第一方面的第一种至第三种实现方式中的任一项，本发明实施例的第一方面的第四种实现方式中，所述第一开关为单刀双掷开关，并包括负载，当所述第一开关断开时，所述第一开关输入端连接到所述负载上。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面、第一方面的第一种至第四种实现方式中的任一项，本发明实施例的第一方面的第五种实现方式中，所述第一输出端口和/或所述第二输出端口分别用于给一条或多条天线馈电。
本发明实施例的第二方面提供了一种多波束天线馈电网络，包括：
输入端口，用于输入能量信号；
第一输出端口和第二输出端口，分别用于输出第一天线信号和第二天线信号；
干路微带线，所述干路微带线的两端分别连接所述第一输出端口与所述第二输出端口；
连接开关，所述连接开关为单刀N掷开关，且包括连接开关输入端与N个连接开关输出端，所述连接开关输入端与所述输入端口相连，所述N个连接开关输出端分别位于所述干路微带线的不同位置上，所述N为不小于2的整数。
结合本发明实施例的第二方面，本发明实施例的第二方面的第一种实现方式中，bn+1＝(bn+bn+2)/2，1≤n≤N-2，其中，所述bn用于表示当所述连接开关拨打到第n个连接开关输出端时，所述第一天线信号的相位，所述bn+1用于表示当所述连接开关拨打到第n+1个连接开关输出端时，所述第一天线信号的相位，所述bn+2用于表示当所述连接开关拨打到第n+2个连接开关输出端 时，所述第一天线信号的相位。
本发明实施例的第三方面提供了一种多波束天线馈电阵列，包括P个如本发明实施例的第一方面、第一方面的第一种至第五种实现方式、第二方面或第二方面的第一种实现方式中的任一项所述的多波束天线馈电网络，所述P为不小于1的整数。
结合本发明实施例的第三方面，本发明实施例的第三方面的第一种实现方式中，所述P个多波束天线馈电网络共包括Q个输出端口，其中，第q个输出端口和第q+1个输出端口的相位差等于第q+1个输出端口和第q+2个输出端口的相位差，Q≥2P，1≤q≤Q-2。
本发明实施例的第四方面提供了一种双极化多波束天线馈电阵列，包括1个或2个如本发明实施例的第三方面或第三方面的第一种实现方式中所述的多波束天线馈电阵列。
本发明实施例的第五方面提供了一种MIMO天线，包括如本发明实施例的第一方面、第一方面的第一种至第五种实现方式、第二方面或第二方面的第一种实现方式中的任一项所述的多波束天线馈电网络。
本发明实施例基于现有的多波束天线馈电网络，在支路微带线与干路微带线相连处添加了第一开关，支路微带线与干路微带线相连处的开路状态可以通过断开第一开关来实现，因此无需将支路微带线的长度设置为能量信号的1/2波长。这样就降低了对支路微带线的要求，避免了支路微带线的长度误差对馈电网络的影响，拓展了馈电网路的带宽，提高了馈电网络的性能。
附图说明
图1为现阶段的技术中多波束天线馈电网络的基本结构；
图2(a)为本发明实施例中多波束天线馈电网络一个实施例结构图；
图2(b)为本发明实施例中多波束天线馈电网络另一个实施例结构图；
图3为本发明实施例中多波束天线馈电网络另一个实施例结构图；
图4为本发明实施例中多波束天线馈电阵列一个实施例结构图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供了一种多波束天线馈电网络，用于避免支路微带线的长度误差对馈电网络的影响，提高了馈电网络的性能。
本发明实施例提供的多波束天线馈电网络请参阅图2(a)，包括：
输入端口201，用于输入能量信号；
第一输出端口202和第二输出端口203，分别用于输出第一天线信号和第二天线信号；
干路微带线204，其两端分别与第一输出端口202与第二输出端口203相连；
M个第一开关205，每个第一开关205包括第一开关输入端与第一开关输出端，每个第一开关输出端连接在干路微带线204上，且该M个第一开关分别连接在干路微带线204的不同位置上。其中，M为不小于2的整数，图2(a)中仅以M＝4为例。其中，第一开关205可以为PIN开关或其他类型的开关，本实施例中不做限定。其中，第一开关205断开状态下理想的阻抗为无穷大；
M条支路微带线206，该M条支路微带线206与该M个第一开关205一一对应。具体的，每条支路微带线206的第一端分别与每条第一开关205的第一开关输入端相连，当其中一个第一开关205导通时，与导通的第一开关205相连的支路微带线206可以视为连接到干路微带线204上。其中，本实施例对支路微带线206的长度不做限定。
第二开关207，输入端口201至输出端口202、203之间的微带线结构可以看做是一个一分二的功分网络，第二开关207用于选择功分网络的功分支路。具体的，第二开关207为单刀M掷开关，且包括第二开关输入端与M个第二开关输出端，该第二开关输入端与输入端口201相连，该M个第二开关输出端分别连接在该M条支路微带线206的第二端上。第二开关207每次拨打到一个第二开关输出端。
本实施例按照图2(a)从左向右的顺序来描述该M个第一开关205、该M个支路微带线206以及第二开关207的M个第二开关输出端之间的工作原理。其中，该M个第一开关205、M个支路微带线206以及第二开关207的M个第二开关输出端为一一对应的关系，当第二开关207拨打到第m个第二 开关输出端时，第m个第一开关205需要相应的被设置为导通状态，其他M-1个第一开关205应相应的被设置为断开状态，以避免对馈电网络造成影响。从输入端口201输入的能量信号在导通的第m个第一开关205处被分路为第一天线信号和第二天线信号，并分别由第一输出端口202和第二输出端口203输出。第二开关207拨打到不同的第二开关输出端，则从输入端口201输入的能量信号会在不同的第一开关205处分路，由于在干路微带线204上不同的第一开关205到达第一输出端口202和第二输出端口203的距离不同，因此能量信号从不同的第一开关到达输出端口的相位变化也不同，因此通过选择第二开关207拨打的第二开关输出端，可以使得天线信号得到不同相位的移相。其中，m为变量，本段落的论述中，m的取值范围为不大于M的自然数。
其中，由于当第二开关207拨打到第m个第二开关输出端时，只有第m个第一开关205处于导通状态，其他M-1个第一开关均处于断开状态，因此该其他M-1个第一开关所连的支路微带线不会对馈电网络造成影响。因此本实施例中，各条支路微带线205的长度无需为能量信号的1/2的整数倍。
本实施例提供了一种多波束天线馈电网络，具体的，在支路微带线206与干路微带线204相连处添加了第一开关205，支路微带线206与干路微带线204相连处的开路状态可以通过断开第一开关205来实现，因此无需将支路微带线206的长度设置为能量信号的1/2波长。这样就降低了对支路微带线的要求，避免了支路微带线的长度误差对馈电网络的影响，扩展了馈电网络的带宽，提高了馈电网络的性能。
上文中已经论述，通过选择第二开关207拨打的第二开关输出端，可以使得天线信号得到不同相位的移相。因此优选的，作为本发明的又一个实施例，可以通过设置该M个第一开关205在干路微带线204上的位置以及支路微带线206的长度，使得当第二开关207依次拨打到不同的第二开关输出端时，馈电网络的输出信号为等相位差。具体可以用公式表示为：am+1＝(am+am+2)/2，1≤m≤M-2，其中，am用于表示当第二开关207拨打到第m个第二开关输出端时，第一输出端口202输出的第一天线信号的相位，am+1用于表示当第二开关拨打到第m+1个第二开关输出端时，第一天线信号的相位，am+2用于表示当第二开关拨打到第m+2个第二开关输出端时，第一天线信号 的相位。其中，m为变量，在本段落的公式中，m的取值范围为1≤m≤M-2。
特别的，当第二开关207依次拨打到不同的第二开关输出端时，馈电网络的输出信号的相位可以形成中心对称，即：
若M为奇数，则a1+aM＝a2+aM-1＝……a(M+1)/2＝0；
若M为偶数数，则a1+am＝a2+aM-1＝……＝aM/2+aM/2+1＝0。
若功分网络特别的，本实施例提供的多波束天线馈电网络还可以包括可选的第三输出端口208，用于输出第三天线信号，其中第三输出端口208与输入端口201相连。具体的，第三输出端口208通过微带线与输入端口201相连，通过调节第三输出端口208与输入端口201之间微带线的长度，可以使得第三天线信号的相位为第一输出端口202输出的第一天线信号和第二输出端口203输出的第二天线信号的相位的平均值。特别的，第三天线信号的相位并不一定严格为第一天线信号和第二天线信号的平均值，也可以存在一定误差。例如可以第三天线信号可以在第一天线信号和第二天线信号的平均值的上下20％范围以内。输入端口201至输出端口202、203和208之间的微带线结构可以看做是一个一分三的功分网络。
上面的论述中提到，第一开关205可以为PIN开关，也可以为其他类型的开关，例如单刀单掷开关、单刀双掷开关等，在第一开关205断开状态下，理想的第一开关输出端阻抗为无穷大。但是实际应用中，PIN开关或单刀单掷开关在断开状态下的输出端阻抗有可能不为无穷大，这样就仍会对馈电网络造成影响。因此作为本发明的又一个实施例，该M个第一开关205均为单刀双掷开关，请参阅图2(b)。其中，每个单刀双掷开关包括一个第一开关输入端与两个第一开关输出端，其中一个第一开关输出端为连接在干路微带线204上的合路点，另一个第一个开关输出端连接有负载，负载的另一端可以接地(图未示)。当第m个第一开关205闭合时，第m个单刀双掷开关拨打到对应的合路点上，其他M-1个单刀双掷开关拨打到对应的负载上以实现断开状态。
第一输出端口202输出的第一天线信号，以及第二输出端口203输出的第二天线信号分别可以给一条天线馈电，也可以给多条天线组成的(A×B)天线阵列馈电，本发明实施例中不做限定。其中，A与B为不小于1的整数。
图2(a)与图2(b)所示的实施例通过第一开关205实现了干路微带线 与支路微带线的合路点处的开路状态。本发明实施例还提供了另一种多波束天线馈电网络，也能够实现相同的功能，其结构请参阅图3：
输入端口301，用于输入能量信号；
第一输出端口302和第二输出端口303，分别用于输出第一天线信号和第二天线信号；
干路微带线304，其两端分别与第一输出端口302与第二输出端口303相连；
连接开关305，该连接开关305为单刀N掷开关，且包括连接开关输入端与N个连接开关输出端，N为不小于2的整数，图3中仅以N＝4为例。其中，连接开关输入端与输入端口301相连，该N个连接开关输出端分别位于干路微带线304的不同位置上。当连接开关305拨打到第n个连接开关输出端时，能量信号在第n个连接开关输出端处分路。由于该N个连接开关输出端分别位于干路微带线304的不同位置上，因此能量信号从不同的连接开关输出端到达输出端口的相位变化也不同，因此通过选择连接开关305拨打的连接开关输出端，可以使得天线信号得到不同相位的移相。调节各开关输出端之间的干路微带线的长度，可以调节输出端口的天线信号的相位。其中，n为变量，本段落的论述中，n的取值为不大于N的自然数。
其中，为了使得连接开关输出端位于干路微带线304上，干路微带线可以做适当的弯折卷曲，如图3所示。
本实施例提供了一种多波束天线馈电网络，具体的，连接开关305的连接开关输出端直接连接在干路微带线上，无需使用支路微带线相连。当连接开关305拨打到其中一个连接开关输出端时，其他的连接开关输出端处于开路状态，不会对馈电网络造成影响，进而提高了馈电网络的性能。
与图2(a)或图2(b)所示的实施例类似的，可以通过设置该N个连接开关输出端在干路微带线304上的位置，使得当连接开关305依次拨打到不同的连接开关输出端时，馈电网络的输出信号为等相位差。具体可以用公式表示为：bn+1＝(bn+bn+2)/2，1≤n≤N，其中，所述bn用于表示当连接开关305拨打到第n个连接开关输出端时，第一天线信号的相位，bn+1用于表示当连接开关305拨打到第n+1个连接开关输出端时，第一天线信号的相位， bn+2用于表示当连接开关305拨打到第n+2个连接开关输出端时，第一天线信号的相位。其中，n为变量，本段落的公式中，n的取值范围为：1≤n≤N-2。
第一输出端口302输出的第一天线信号，以及第二输出端口303输出的第二天线信号分别可以给一条天线馈电，也可以给多条天线组成的(A×B)天线阵列馈电，本发明实施例中不做限定。其中，A与B为不小于1的整数。
图2(a)、图2(b)以及图3所示的实施例中给出了本发明实施例的多波束天线馈电网络的基本结构。其中，将多个多波束天线馈电网络组合起来，可以得到多波束天线馈电阵列，请参阅图4。多波束天线馈电阵列包括P个如图2(a)、图2(b)或图3所示的实施例提供的多波束天线馈电网络，其中P为不小于1的整数，图4中仅以P＝2为例。该P个多波束天线馈电网络可以共用一个输入端口，也可以分别具有不同的输入端口。每个多波束天线馈电网络具有两个以上的输出端口，因此该多波束天线馈电阵列包括包括Q个输出端口，Q≥2P。可选的，该Q个输出端口之间可以为等相位差，即第q个输出端口和第q+1个输出端口的相位差等于第q+1个输出端口和第q+2个输出端口的相位差，其中q为变量，本段落的论述中，q的取值范围为：1≤q≤Q-2。
本发明实施例还提供了一种双极化多波束天线馈电阵列，包括1个或2个如图4所示的多波束天线馈电阵列。
本发明实施例还提供了一种MIMO天线，包括如图2(a)、图2(b)以及图3中任一项所示的多波束天线馈电网络。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种多波束天线馈电网络，其特征在于，包括：
    输入端口，用于输入能量信号；
    第一输出端口和第二输出端口，分别用于输出第一天线信号和第二天线信号；
    干路微带线，所述干路微带线的两端分别连接所述第一输出端口与所述第二输出端口；
    M个第一开关和M条支路微带线，其中，每个所述第一开关包括第一开关输入端与第一开关输出端，且所述M个第一开关的第一开关输出端连接在所述干路微带线的不同位置上，所述M个第一开关的第一开关输入端分别与所述M条支路微带线的第一端相连，所述M为不小于2的整数；
    第二开关，所述第二开关为单刀M掷开关，且包括第二开关输入端与M个第二开关输出端，所述第二开关输入端与所述输入端口相连，所述M个第二开关输出端分别连接在所述M条支路微带线的第二端上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多波束天线馈电网络，其特征在于，am+1＝(am+am+2)/2，1≤m≤M-2，其中，所述am用于表示当所述第二开关拨打到第m个第二开关输出端时，所述第一天线信号的相位，am+1用于表示当所述第二开关拨打到第m+1个第二开关输出端时，所述第一天线信号的相位，所述am+2用于表示当所述第二开关拨打到第m+2个第二开关输出端时，所述第一天线信号的相位。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的多波束天线馈电网络，其特征在于，所述多波束天线馈电网络还包括：
    第三输出端口，用于输出第三天线信号，所述第三输出端口与所述输入端口相连。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的多波束天线馈电网络，其特征在于，所述第三天线信号的相位为所述第一天线信号的相位与所述第二天线信号的相位的平均值。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的多波束天线馈电网络，其特征在于，所述第一开关为单刀双掷开关，并包括负载，当所述第一开关断开时，所 述第一开关输入端连接到所述负载上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的多波束天线馈电网络，其特征在于，所述第一输出端口和/或所述第二输出端口分别用于给一条或多条天线馈电。
  7. 一种多波束天线馈电网络，其特征在于，包括：
    输入端口，用于输入能量信号；
    第一输出端口和第二输出端口，分别用于输出第一天线信号和第二天线信号；
    干路微带线，所述干路微带线的两端分别连接所述第一输出端口与所述第二输出端口；
    连接开关，所述连接开关为单刀N掷开关，且包括连接开关输入端与N个连接开关输出端，所述连接开关输入端与所述输入端口相连，所述N个连接开关输出端分别位于所述干路微带线的不同位置上，所述N为不小于2的整数。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的多波束天线馈电网络，其特征在于，bn+1＝(bn+bn+2)/2，1≤n≤N-2，其中，所述bn用于表示当所述连接开关拨打到第n个连接开关输出端时，所述第一天线信号的相位，所述bn+1用于表示当所述连接开关拨打到第n+1个连接开关输出端时，所述第一天线信号的相位，所述bn+2用于表示当所述连接开关拨打到第n+2个连接开关输出端时，所述第一天线信号的相位。
  9. 一种多波束天线馈电阵列，其特征在于，包括P个如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的多波束天线馈电网络，所述P为不小于1的整数。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的多波束天线阵列，其特征在于，所述P个多波束天线馈电网络共包括Q个输出端口，其中，第q个输出端口和第q+1个输出端口的相位差等于第q+1个输出端口和第q+2个输出端口的相位差，Q≥2P，1≤q≤Q-2。
  11. 一种双极化多波束天线馈电阵列，其特征在于，包括1个或2个如权利要求9或10中所述的多波束天线馈电阵列。
  12. 一种MIMO天线，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的多波束天线馈电网络。
PCT/CN2016/088155 2015-07-03 2016-07-01 一种多波束天线馈电网络以及多波束天线阵列 Ceased WO2017005145A1 (zh)

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