WO2017015801A1 - 一种摄像头模组和终端 - Google Patents

一种摄像头模组和终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017015801A1
WO2017015801A1 PCT/CN2015/085113 CN2015085113W WO2017015801A1 WO 2017015801 A1 WO2017015801 A1 WO 2017015801A1 CN 2015085113 W CN2015085113 W CN 2015085113W WO 2017015801 A1 WO2017015801 A1 WO 2017015801A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reflective
reflective coating
camera module
tapered
protection window
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/085113
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶海水
於丰
舘岡進
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020177029484A priority Critical patent/KR20170129195A/ko
Priority to JP2017555641A priority patent/JP2018517924A/ja
Priority to EP15899153.9A priority patent/EP3264144B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/085113 priority patent/WO2017015801A1/zh
Priority to CN201580029333.XA priority patent/CN106662675A/zh
Priority to US15/568,202 priority patent/US10139532B2/en
Publication of WO2017015801A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017015801A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G02B1/118—Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
    • G02B5/0294—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use adapted to provide an additional optical effect, e.g. anti-reflection or filter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
    • H04N25/61—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise the noise originating only from the lens unit, e.g. flare, shading, vignetting or "cos4"
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
    • H04N25/63—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise applied to dark current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/14—Picture signal circuitry for video frequency region
    • H04N5/21—Circuitry for suppressing or minimising disturbance, e.g. moiré or halo
    • H04N5/211—Ghost signal cancellation

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of imaging technologies, and in particular, to a camera module and a terminal.
  • Ghost and Flare are important indicators of camera quality evaluation. It is a comprehensive representation of stray light in image systems on image sensors. These stray light formations include but are not limited to light in optical components. Energy generated by single or multiple reflections of mechanical structural components and image sensors.
  • the so-called ghost and glare means that when the user takes pictures of the street light, morning light, afternoon sun or sun, the images are likely to produce bright rings, dots or spots, such as rings, dots or spots.
  • the image is called ghost and glare.
  • the presence of ghosts and glare affects the beauty of the picture.
  • Ghosting and glare are harmful.
  • the energy of the specular reflection of light is concentrated to form a ghost, which will cause laser damage to the surface or internal structure of the system components; ghosting and glare are also artistic.
  • the ghosting and glare of the photographic system are also common.
  • the high-end SLR camera can make full use of the structural design advantages of the system, and reasonably adjust the lens shape, thickness, aperture and barrel structure to make the ghost and glare achieve the best artistic quality.
  • the bright ring or dot in the picture will destroy the beauty of the picture, which plagues the user.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a camera module and a terminal, which can reduce light reflection and effectively suppress by forming an anti-reflection coating on at least one surface of the optical protection window of the camera module or at least one surface of the infrared cut filter. Ghosting and glare problems in the photo.
  • a camera module comprising: an optical protection window, an infrared cut filter, and an anti-reflective coating; the anti-reflective coating is located in the optical protection window through which light passes At least one surface, or the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one surface of the infrared cut filter through which light passes; the anti-reflective coating comprises a plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures; a bottom of the tapered anti-reflective structure The diameter of the tapered anti-reflective structure is 0 to 30% of the diameter of the bottom; the height of the tapered anti-reflective structure is 150 nm to 300 nm; The pitch of the reflective structure is 1/5 to 1/3 of the wavelength of the visible light band.
  • the anti-reflective coating is located at least one surface of the optical protection window through which the light passes: specifically: the first light passes through the optical protection window a surface and a second surface opposite the first surface; the anti-reflective coating being located on at least one of the first surface and the second surface.
  • the refractive index of the anti-reflective coating material is similar to the refractive index of the optical protection window material.
  • the optical protection window is made of gorilla glass; the anti-reflective coating is made of transparent Ultraviolet curing. Resin or transparent heat curing resin.
  • the optical protection window is made of sapphire material, and the anti-reflective coating material has a refractive index of 1.68-1.76. between.
  • the optical protection window is made of a transparent organic material.
  • the possible implementation manner of the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect in the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the light transmittance of the optical protection window material in the visible light band Not less than 90%.
  • the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one surface of the infrared cut filter through which light passes: specifically, the light passes through the infrared cut filter a third surface of the sheet and a fourth surface opposite the third surface; the anti-reflective coating being located on at least one of the third surface and the fourth surface.
  • the refractive index of the anti-reflective coating material is similar to the refractive index of the material of the infrared cut filter.
  • the anti-reflective coating further includes a residual layer, The residual layer and the plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures are integrally formed; the thickness of the residual layer is within 200 nm.
  • a camera module comprising: at least one lens and an anti-reflective coating; the anti-reflective coating being located on at least one planar surface of the at least one lens through which light passes;
  • the anti-reflective coating comprises a plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures; the tapered anti-reflective structure has a bottom diameter of 40 nm to 150 nm; and the tapered anti-reflective structure has a top diameter of 0 to 30% of the bottom diameter;
  • the height of the tapered anti-reflective structure is 150 nm to 300 nm; the pitch of two adjacent tapered anti-reflective structures is 1/5 to 1/3 of the wavelength of the visible light band.
  • the anti-reflective coating further includes a residual layer, the residual layer and the plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures are integrally formed; The thickness is within 200 nm.
  • a terminal comprising the camera module according to the first aspect to the ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the possible implementation manner of any one of the second aspects.
  • a terminal in a fourth aspect, includes: a display screen, a camera module, a processor, and a memory;
  • the camera module includes: an optical protection window, an infrared cut filter, and an anti-reflection coating;
  • the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one surface of the optical protection window through which light passes, or the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one surface of the infrared cut filter through which light passes;
  • the anti-reflective coating includes a plurality of a tapered anti-reflective structure having a bottom diameter of 40 nm to 150 nm; a top diameter of the tapered anti-reflective structure being 0 to 30% of the bottom diameter;
  • the height is 150 nm to 300 nm; the pitch of two adjacent tapered anti-reflective structures is 1/5 to 1/3 of the wavelength of the visible light band.
  • the anti-reflective coating is located at least one surface of the optical protection window through which the light passes: specifically: the first light passes through the optical protection window a surface and a second surface opposite the first surface; the anti-reflective coating being located on at least one of the first surface and the second surface.
  • the refractive index of the anti-reflective coating material is similar to the refractive index of the optical protection window material.
  • the optical protection window is made of gorilla glass; the anti-reflective coating material is transparent Ultraviolet cured resin or transparent thermosetting resin.
  • the optical protection window is made of sapphire material, and the anti-reflective coating material has a refractive index of 1.68-1.76. between.
  • the optical protection window is made of a transparent organic material.
  • the light transmittance of the optical protection window material in the visible light band Not less than 90%.
  • the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one surface of the infrared cut filter through which the light passes: specifically, the light passes through the infrared cut filter a third surface of the sheet and a fourth surface opposite the third surface; the anti-reflective coating being located on at least one of the third surface and the fourth surface.
  • the refractive index of the anti-reflective coating material is similar to the refractive index of the material of the infrared cut filter.
  • the anti-reflective coating further includes a residual layer, The residual layer and the plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures are integrally formed; the thickness of the residual layer is within 200 nm.
  • the camera module includes: an optical protection window, an infrared cut filter, and an anti-reflection coating; the anti-reflective coating is located in the light Passing at least one surface of the optical protection window, or the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one surface of the infrared cut filter through which light passes; the anti-reflective coating comprises a plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures;
  • the tapered anti-reflective structure has a bottom diameter of 40 nm to 150 nm; the tapered anti-reflective structure has a top diameter of 0 to 30% of the bottom diameter; and the tapered anti-reflective structure has a height of 150 nm to 300 nm;
  • the two adjacent tapered anti-reflective structures have a pitch of 1/5 to 1/3 of the wavelength of the visible light band, and the camera module with the anti-reflective coating can reduce light reflection and effectively suppress ghosting in the photographing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the general structure of a camera module
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tapered anti-reflection structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3A is a schematic view showing a process of fabricating an anti-reflection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3B is another schematic diagram of a process for fabricating an anti-reflection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4A is a schematic diagram of an anti-reflection structure of an optical device surface according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4B is another schematic diagram of an anti-reflection structure of an optical device surface according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of still another terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal in the embodiment of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a wearable device, and the like.
  • smart terminals such as mobile phones are under strong light conditions, such as the sun on a sunny day.
  • the sun When photographing the street lights at night, there are still obvious ghosts and glare, which affect the quality of the photos.
  • the user is very easy to detect the interference of ghosts and glare during the photographing process.
  • Ghost and glare are generated by the stray light reflected from the surface of the optical component or mechanical component in the camera module being focused on the target surface of the image sensor.
  • One of the solutions to ghosting and glare problems is to create a low-reflectivity anti-reflective coating on the component surface of the camera module to attenuate the energy of stray light.
  • nano-imprinting is used for the process of low-reflection coating; or the anti-reflection can be made on the plane surface of the lens of the camera module. coating.
  • the smart terminal including the camera module, such as a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a wearable device, etc., the general structure of the camera module thereof is as shown in FIG. 1 and includes:
  • An optical protection window 110 at least one lens 120, an infrared cut filter (IRCF) 140, and an image sensor 150.
  • IRCF infrared cut filter
  • the material of the optical protection window 110 may be glass, such as Corning's Gorilla Glass, sapphire or transparent organic material.
  • the structure and number of at least one lens 120 shown in FIG. 1 are merely illustrative, and the specific lens structure and number of the camera module are determined by the specific circumstances.
  • the infrared cut filter 140 is an optical lens that allows visible light to pass through and can cut off or reflect infrared light, and is a filter applied to filter infrared rays.
  • the material of the infrared cut filter can be a blue glass.
  • the image sensor 150 mainly includes two types: a charge-coupled device (CCD) and a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) active pixel sensor (Active Pixel Sensor).
  • CCD charge-coupled device
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
  • 130 in FIG. 1 indicates a schematic propagation path of incident light rays at different angles in the camera module.
  • the ray 130 needs to pass through the optical protection window 110, the at least one lens 120, and the infrared cut filter 140 before reaching the image sensor 150.
  • the light ray 130 passes through the first surface 111 of the optical protection window 110 and the second surface 112 opposite to the first surface 111;
  • the light ray 130 passes through the fourth surface 141 of the infrared cut filter 140 and the fourth surface 141 opposite to the fourth surface 141 Surface 142;
  • light 130 passes through planar surface 121 of at least one lens 120.
  • At least one lens 120 may have more than one planar surface, and Figure 1 is merely illustrative.
  • the nano-imprint method is used for the anti-reflective coating process, and then on the surface of the optical protection window, the infrared cut filter
  • the surface of the surface or the surface of the lens forms a minute protrusion with a moth-eye.
  • the moth-like structure may be a conical structure or a Gaussian surface structure or a parabolic structure.
  • the reflectance of light entering different media is mainly determined by the refractive index, according to the gradient index theory, when the light passes through an optical protection window and/or an infrared cut filter having a microbone-like structure of the moth-eye structure, Corresponding to the passage of light through a layer of material close to the refractive index of the light, so that most of the incident light of any angle and frequency can be absorbed by the tiny protrusions of the moth-eye structure, and only a small part is reflected, that is, Can produce ultra-low reflection effect.
  • Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1
  • the camera module provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: an optical protection window 110, an infrared cut filter 140, and an anti-reflection coating; the anti-reflection coating is located on at least one surface of the optical protection window through which light passes, or The anti-reflective coating is located on at least one surface of the infrared cut filter through which light passes; the anti-reflective coating comprises a plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures; the tapered anti-reflective structure has a bottom diameter of 40 nm to 150 nm; The top diameter of the tapered anti-reflective structure is 0-30% of the diameter of the bottom; the height of the tapered anti-reflective structure is 150 nm-300 nm; the spacing between two adjacent tapered anti-reflective structures is visible light 1/5 to 1/3 of the wavelength of the band.
  • the tapered anti-reflective structure has a shape of a needle tip or a cone. Due to the limited processing technology, the shape of the tapered anti-reflective structure is difficult to achieve a theoretical needle-like or conical structure.
  • 2 is a schematic illustration of an anti-reflective coating 220 that includes a plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures 221.
  • the diameter D 1 of the tapered anti-reflective structure 221 ranges from 40 nm to 150 nm; the top diameter D 2 of the tapered anti-reflective structure 221 is 0 to 30% of the diameter D 1 of the bottom; the tapered anti-reflection structure
  • the height H 0 of 221 ranges from 150 nm to 300 nm; the pitch W of two adjacent tapered anti-reflective structures 221 is 1/5 to 1/3 of the wavelength of the visible light band.
  • the cone-shaped anti-reflective structure 221 has an aspect ratio ⁇ 3.
  • the aspect ratio ⁇ H 0 / D 1 .
  • the anti-reflective coating 220 further includes a residual layer 222 integrally formed with the plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures; the thickness H 1 of the residual layer 222 is 200 nm. Within. The thickness of the residual layer 222 may be 0 nm as the process progresses.
  • the anti-reflective coating 220 may have no residual layer 222 and only include a plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures 221. Therefore, the overall height H of the anti-reflective coating 220 ranges from 150 nm to 500 nm. In addition, the above range includes endpoint values unless otherwise specified.
  • the spacing of the adjacent two tapered anti-reflective structures is as shown in FIG. 2, and refers to the distance between the axes of the cones of two adjacent tapered anti-reflective structures.
  • the wavelength range of the visible light band that the human eye can perceive is between 390 and 700 nm.
  • the optical protection window 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 opposite to the first surface 111; the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112.
  • the light 130 reaches the image sensor 150 and passes through the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 of the optical protection window 110.
  • the anti-reflective coating is located on the first surface 111 and/or the second surface 112.
  • the anti-reflective coating may be disposed only on the first surface 111 of the optical protection window 110, or may be disposed only on the second surface 112 of the optical protection window 110, or may be disposed on the first surface 111 of the optical protection window 110 at the same time.
  • the optical protection window 110 When the anti-reflective coating is simultaneously disposed on the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 of the optical protection window 110, the optical protection window 110 has a double-sided anti-reflective coating, which is more effective in reducing reflected light.
  • the first surface 111 may also be referred to as an outer surface of the light protection window 110; the second surface 112 may also be referred to as an inner surface of the light protection window 110.
  • the transmittance of the optical protection window material in the visible light band is not less than 90%.
  • the refractive index of the anti-reflective coating material is similar to the refractive index of the optical protection window material, so that the effect of reducing the reflected light is better.
  • the optical protection window is made of gorilla glass; the anti-reflective coating is made of a transparent Ultraviolet (UV) curing resin or a transparent thermosetting resin.
  • the transparent UV curable resin may be an acrylate photocurable adhesive (also called an acrylic UV curable adhesive or a UV adhesive). Since the refractive index of the gorilla glass is 1.51 (N d value), the material of the anti-reflective coating material preferably has a refractive index N d value ranging from 1.48 to 1.53, and the refractive index of the acrylate photocurable adhesive. The ratio is between 1.48 and 1.53 and is a good anti-reflective coating material.
  • the optical protection window is made of sapphire material
  • the anti-reflective coating material has a refractive index of between 1.68 and 1.76. Since the refractive index of the sapphire material is 1.7 or more, in order to ensure low reflectance, the refractive index of the material used for the antireflection coating is between 1.68 and 1.76.
  • the optical protection window is made of a transparent organic material.
  • the infrared cut filter 140 includes a third surface 141 and a fourth surface 142 opposite to the third surface 141; the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one of the third surface 141 and the fourth surface 142.
  • the light 130 reaches the image sensor 150 and passes through the third surface 141 and the fourth surface 142 of the infrared cut filter 140.
  • the anti-reflective coating is located on the third surface 141 and/or the fourth surface 142.
  • the anti-reflective coating may be disposed only on the third surface 141 of the infrared cut filter 140, or may be disposed only on the fourth surface 142 of the infrared cut filter 140, or may be disposed at the infrared cut filter 140 at the same time.
  • the infrared cut filter 140 has a double-sided anti-reflective coating to reduce the effect of reflecting light.
  • the anti-reflective coating may be located at the first surface 111, the second surface 112 of the optical protection window 110, and the third surface 141 and the fourth surface 142 of the infrared cut filter 140 at the same time. At this time, both the optical protection window 110 and the infrared cut filter 140 have a double-sided anti-reflective coating structure, and the effect of reducing light reflection is better.
  • the refractive index of the anti-reflective coating material is similar to the refractive index of the material of the infrared cut filter, so that the effect of reducing the reflected light can be better.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a camera module, which is formed by making a micro-bump of a moth-like structure on the surface of the optical protection window of the camera module and/or the surface of the infrared cut filter. It can reduce light reflection and effectively suppress ghosting and glare problems in photographing.
  • a tiny protrusion of a moth-like structure Before making a tiny protrusion of a moth-like structure, firstly, an organic film is formed on the surface of the optical protection window and/or the surface of the infrared cut filter, and then the organic film is formed by a nanoimprint process.
  • Anti-reflective coating includes a plurality of tiny protrusions of the moth-eye structure.
  • the minute protrusions of the moth-eye structure may be a tapered anti-reflection structure.
  • the optical protection window is exemplified by Corning's Gorilla Glass.
  • This second surface 112 may also be referred to as the inner surface 112 of the optical protection window 110.
  • the first step is to clean the gorilla glass that has been cut to size.
  • the cleaning method can be carried out by a conventional semiconductor cleaning method.
  • the gorilla glass is first subjected to ultrasonic cleaning with acetone, followed by ultrasonic ultrasonic cleaning, and finally the gorilla glass is surface-treated again using oxygen (O 2 ) plasma.
  • a transparent organic film 200 is formed on the second surface 112 of the optical protection window 110, and the organic film 200 has a thickness of 150 to 500 nm.
  • the organic film is a material for making an anti-reflective coating.
  • the process of forming the organic thin film 200 on the second surface 112 of the optical protection window 110 may be spin-coating, dipping or dispensing, etc., and the thickness of the organic thin film is ensured by controlling process parameters.
  • the refractive index of the organic film needs to be adapted to the refractive index of the optical protection window material. Therefore, different organic film materials need to be considered for different optical protection window materials.
  • the refractive index of the glass is gorilla 1.51 (N d values)
  • the refractive index of the organic thin film needs to choose the refractive index of glass near the gorilla.
  • the range of the refractive index N d values selected for use in the organic thin film between the coating material is 1.48 to 1.53.
  • the organic film may be a transparent UV curing resin or a transparent thermosetting resin.
  • the transparent UV curing resin may be an acrylate photocurable adhesive.
  • acrylate photocurable adhesives can meet the needs of UV imprint (Ultraviolet Imprint).
  • UV imprint Ultraviolet Imprint
  • the organic thin film material needs to satisfy the requirement that the transmittance in the visible light band is greater than 90%.
  • a nanoimprint soft mold 210 having a moth-like structure is fabricated.
  • the soft mold needs to have UV light transmission properties.
  • the material of the soft mold may be polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), SU-8, acrylic resin or epoxy resin.
  • PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
  • SU-8 acrylic resin
  • epoxy resin epoxy resin
  • UV imprinting and demolding are performed.
  • the soft mold 210 prepared in the third step is subjected to a pressing treatment toward the organic film 200 of the second step, so that the moth-like structure is transferred onto the organic film 200, and an anti-reflection coating 220 is obtained, as shown in Fig. 3B.
  • ultraviolet UV irradiation can be used to cure the organic thin 200 film.
  • the soft mold 210 is separated from the organic film 200, that is, the mold release treatment is performed.
  • the anti-reflective coating 220 can be formed on the second surface 112 of the optical protection window 110.
  • the anti-reflective coating 220 may have no residual layer 222, ie, the anti-reflective coating 220 includes only a plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures 221.
  • the anti-reflective coating 220 is a film having a periodic tapered nanostructure.
  • the anti-reflective coating 220 is advantageous for reducing the reflectance. However, it is difficult to process a theoretical conical structure during UV imprinting and demolding, and a tapered anti-reflective structure as shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained.
  • the anti-reflective coating can also be formed on the first surface 111 of the optical protection window 110 using steps similar to those described above.
  • the anti-reflective coating may also be fabricated simultaneously on the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 of the optical protection window 110.
  • the anti-reflective coating may continue to be formed on the third surface 141 of the infrared cut filter 140, or may be fabricated.
  • the third surface 141 and the fourth surface 142 of the infrared cut filter 140 may also be fabricated simultaneously.
  • both the optical protection window 110 and the infrared cut filter 140 have a double-sided anti-reflective coating structure, and the effect of reducing light reflection is better.
  • an optical anti-reflective coating on a sapphire glass substrate will be described by taking the sapphire material of the optical protection window 110 of the camera module as an example.
  • Sapphire glass has excellent thermal properties, excellent electrical and dielectric properties, and has chemical corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, good thermal conductivity, high hardness, transparent infrared, and good chemical stability.
  • the camera module uses sapphire as an optical protection window. Since sapphire has a higher refractive index than gorilla glass, it has a higher reflectivity than gorilla glass, so when sapphire is used as the optical protection window for the camera module, it is necessary to have a sapphire surface. Processing ultra low reflectivity coatings.
  • an anti-reflective coating having a periodic cone-shaped anti-reflective structure is formed on the surface of the optical protection window of the sapphire material by using a nano-imprinting process, and the specific process flow is similar to that of the second embodiment.
  • the refractive index of sapphire material is above 1.7, in order to ensure low reflectivity, the refractive index of the coating material needs to be adapted to the refractive index of the optical protection window material, that is, the refractive indices of the two materials are similar. Therefore, the refractive index (N d ) of the coating material used for the antireflection structure is preferably between 1.67 and 1.78.
  • the soft mold for nano-embossing of sapphire material also needs to choose a relatively high hardness acrylic or epoxy material, so that the embossing effect is better.
  • the basic parameters of the tapered anti-reflection structure of the anti-reflective coating formed on the second surface 112 of the sapphire optical protection window 110 are similar to those of the first embodiment.
  • an anti-reflective coating may also be formed on the first surface 111 of the sapphire optical protection window 110.
  • the anti-reflective coating is formed on both surfaces of the sapphire optical protection window to achieve the best reduction of reflected light.
  • the substrate for making the anti-reflective coating is made of gorilla glass and sapphire.
  • the material of the infrared cut filter may be blue glass, and the process of making the anti-reflective coating with blue glass as the substrate is similar to the process of the second embodiment.
  • the third surface 141 of the infrared cut filter 140 can be And/or a fourth surface 142 produces the anti-reflective coating.
  • the energy of the reflected light adjacent to the surface of the optical element of the image sensor 180 is stronger than the reflected energy of the surface of other optical elements, so that it contributes more to ghosting and glare.
  • the anti-reflection coating is formed on the surface of the infrared cut filter 140, and the "petal" glare formed by the secondary reflection between the image and the image sensor 180 can be effectively suppressed.
  • the anti-reflective coating is formed on both surfaces of the infrared cut filter, that is, the anti-reflective coating 220 is formed on the fourth surface 142 of the infrared cut filter 140, and the anti-reflection is formed on the third surface 141.
  • the structural parameters of the anti-reflective coatings 220 and 230 are substantially the same. As shown in FIG. 4A, the conical axis of the tapered anti-reflective structure of the anti-reflective coating 220 and the conical axis of the tapered anti-reflective structure of the anti-reflective coating 230 may coincide, that is, their concentric axes are in a line. It can also be slightly deviated as shown in Figure 4B.
  • the cone axis of the anti-reflective coating of the first surface 111 may be opposite to the second
  • the cone axis of the tapered anti-reflective structure of the anti-reflective coating of surface 112 coincides and may also be slightly offset.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a camera module including: at least one lens and an anti-reflective coating; the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one planar surface of the at least one lens through which light passes; the anti-reflective coating
  • the layer includes a plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures; the bottom anti-reflective structure has a bottom diameter of 40 nm to 150 nm; the tapered anti-reflective structure has a top diameter of 0 to 30% of the bottom diameter; the height of the tapered anti-reflective structure It is 150 nm to 300 nm; the pitch of two adjacent tapered anti-reflective structures is 1/5 to 1/3 of the wavelength of the visible light band.
  • At least one lens 120 includes a planar surface 121 on which the anti-reflective coating is located.
  • the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one planar surface of the optical protection window 110 through which the light passes, the at least one lens 120, and the infrared cut filter 140.
  • the anti-reflective coating further comprises a residual layer integrally formed with the plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures; the residual layer has a thickness within 200 nm.
  • the basic parameters of the tapered anti-reflection structure are similar to those of the first embodiment.
  • the manufacturing process of the anti-reflective coating is similar to that of the second embodiment.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal 310, which includes a camera module 320.
  • the camera module 320 is the camera module in the first embodiment or the fourth embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal 310, which includes a camera module 320.
  • the camera module 320 includes: the camera module includes: an optical protection window, an infrared cut filter, and an anti-reflection coating;
  • the reflective coating is located on at least one surface of the optical protection window through which the light passes, or the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one surface of the infrared cut filter through which the light passes;
  • the anti-reflective coating comprises a plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures;
  • the tapered anti-reflective structure has a bottom diameter of 40 nm to 150 nm; the tapered anti-reflective structure has a top diameter of 0 to 30% of the bottom diameter; the tapered anti-reflective structure has a height of 150 nm to 300 nm;
  • the pitch of the tapered anti-reflective structure is 1/5 to 1/3 of the wavelength of the visible light band.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, the terminal includes a camera module, the camera module includes: at least one lens and an anti-reflective coating; the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one plane of the at least one lens through which the light passes a surface; the anti-reflective coating comprises a plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures; the tapered anti-reflective structure has a bottom diameter of 40 nm to 150 nm; and the tapered anti-reflective structure has a top diameter of 0 to 30% of the bottom diameter; the cone The height of the anti-reflective structure is 150 nm to 300 nm; the pitch of two adjacent anti-reflective structures is 1/5 to 1/3 of the wavelength of the visible light band.
  • the terminal provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a camera module with an anti-reflection coating, which can reduce light reflection and effectively suppress ghosting and glare problems in photographing.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal may be a terminal device including a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a notebook computer, a digital camera, and the like.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a partial structure of a mobile phone 400 related to a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Mobile 400 includes a RF (Radio Frequency, RF) circuit 410, a memory 420, an input unit 430, a display unit 440, a camera module 450, audio circuitry 460, WiFi (wireless fidelity, wireless fidelity) module 470, a processor 480, and Power supply 490 and other components.
  • RF Radio Frequency, RF
  • the components of the mobile phone 400 will be specifically described below with reference to FIG. 6:
  • the RF circuit 410 can be used for transmitting and receiving information or receiving and transmitting signals during a call. Otherwise, the downlink information of the base station is received, and then processed by the processor 480; in addition, the designed uplink data is transmitted to the base station.
  • RF circuits include, but are not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, an LNA (Low Noise Amplifier), a duplexer, and the like.
  • RF circuitry 410 can also communicate with the network and other devices via wireless communication.
  • the wireless communication may use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to GSM (Global System of Mobile communication), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access). , Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), LTE (Long Term Evolution), e-mail, SMS (Short Messaging Service), and the like.
  • the memory 420 can be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor 480 executes various functional applications and data processing of the mobile phone 400 by running software programs and modules stored in the memory 420.
  • the memory 420 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may be stored according to The data created by the use of the mobile phone 400 (such as audio data, phone book, etc.) and the like.
  • memory 420 can include high speed random access memory, and can also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
  • the input unit 430 can be configured to receive input numeric or character information and to generate signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the handset 400.
  • the input unit 430 may include a touch panel 431 and other input devices 432.
  • the touch panel 431 also referred to as a touch screen, can collect touch operations on or near the user (such as a user using a finger, a stylus, or the like on the touch panel 431 or near the touch panel 431. Operation), and drive the corresponding connecting device according to a preset program.
  • the touch panel 431 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller.
  • the touch detection device detects the touch orientation of the user, and detects a signal brought by the touch operation, and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives the touch information from the touch detection device, converts the touch information into contact coordinates, and sends the touch information.
  • the processor 480 is provided and can receive commands from the processor 480 and execute them.
  • the touch panel 431 can be implemented in various types such as resistive, capacitive, infrared, and surface acoustic waves.
  • the input unit 430 may also include other input devices 432.
  • other input devices 432 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as One or more of a volume control button, a switch button, etc., a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, and the like.
  • the display unit 440 can be used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user and various menus of the mobile phone 400.
  • the display unit 440 may include a display panel 441.
  • the display panel 441 may be configured in the form of an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), or the like. Display panel 441 can also be referred to as a display screen.
  • the touch panel 431 can cover the display panel 441. When the touch panel 431 detects a touch operation on or near the touch panel 431, it transmits to the processor 480 to determine the type of the touch event, and then the processor 480 according to the touch event. The type provides a corresponding visual output on display panel 441.
  • touch panel 431 and the display panel 441 are used as two independent components to implement the input and input functions of the mobile phone 400 in FIG. 6, in some embodiments, the touch panel 431 can be integrated with the display panel 441. The input and output functions of the mobile phone 400 are implemented.
  • the handset 400 can also include at least one type of sensor 411, such as a light sensor, motion sensor, and other sensors.
  • the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor and a proximity sensor, wherein the ambient light sensor may adjust the brightness of the display panel 441 according to the brightness of the ambient light, and the proximity sensor may close the display panel 441 when the mobile phone 400 moves to the ear. / or backlight.
  • the accelerometer sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in all directions (usually three axes). When it is stationary, it can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity. It can be used to identify the gesture of the mobile phone (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related Game, magnetometer attitude calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer, tapping), etc.
  • the mobile phone 400 can also be configured with gyroscopes, barometers, hygrometers, thermometers, infrared sensors and other sensors, here Let me repeat.
  • the audio circuit 460, the speaker 461, and the microphone 462 can provide an audio interface between the user and the handset 400.
  • the audio circuit 460 can transmit the converted electrical data of the received audio data to the speaker 461 for conversion to the sound signal output by the speaker 461; on the other hand, the microphone 462 converts the collected sound signal into an electrical signal by the audio circuit 460. After receiving, it is converted into audio data, and then processed by the audio data output processor 480, sent to the other mobile phone via the RF circuit 410, or outputted to the memory 420 for further processing.
  • WiFi is a short-range wireless transmission technology
  • the mobile phone 400 can pass the WiFi module 470. Helping users send and receive email, browse the web, and access streaming media, it provides users with wireless broadband Internet access.
  • FIG. 6 shows the WiFi module 470, it can be understood that it does not belong to the essential configuration of the mobile phone 400, and may be omitted as needed within the scope of not changing the essence of the invention.
  • the processor 480 is the control center of the handset 400, which connects various portions of the entire handset using various interfaces and lines, by running or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 420, and recalling data stored in the memory 420, The various functions and processing data of the mobile phone 400 are performed to perform overall monitoring of the mobile phone.
  • the processor 480 may include one or more processing units; preferably, the processor 480 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, where the application processor mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, an application, and the like.
  • the modem processor primarily handles wireless communications. It can be understood that the above modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 480.
  • the handset 400 also includes a power source 490 (such as a battery) that supplies power to the various components.
  • a power source 490 such as a battery
  • the power source can be logically coupled to the processor 480 via a power management system to manage functions such as charging, discharging, and power management through the power management system.
  • the mobile phone 400 may further include a Bluetooth module or the like, which will not be described herein.
  • a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a display screen 441, a camera module 450, a processor 480, and a memory 420;
  • the camera module 450 includes:
  • the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one surface of the optical protection window through which light passes, or the anti-reflective coating is located on at least one surface of the infrared cut filter through which light passes;
  • the anti-reflective coating comprises a plurality of tapered anti-reflective structures
  • the tapered anti-reflective structure has a bottom diameter of 40 nm to 150 nm; the tapered anti-reflective structure has a top diameter of 0 to 30% of the bottom diameter; and the tapered anti-reflective structure has a height of 150 nm to 300 nm;
  • the pitch of two adjacent tapered anti-reflective structures is 1/5 to 1/3 of the wavelength of the visible light band.
  • the display screen 441 can also be used to present a picture or video captured by the camera module 450 to the user; the memory 420 can also be used to store pictures or videos taken by the camera module 450.
  • the camera module 450 can be the camera module in the first embodiment or the fourth embodiment.
  • the terminal provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a display screen, a processor, a memory and a camera module with an anti-reflection coating, which can reduce light reflection and effectively suppress ghosting and glare problems in photographing.

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Abstract

一种摄像头模组和终端，该摄像头模组包括：光学保护窗（110）、红外截止滤光片（140）和抗反射涂层（220）；该抗反射涂层（220）位于光线经过的该光学保护窗（110）的至少一个表面，或该抗反射涂层（220）位于光线经过的该红外截止滤光片（140）的至少一个表面；该抗反射涂层（220）包括若干锥形抗反射结构（221）；该锥形抗反射结构（221）的底部直径（D 1）为40nm～150nm；该锥形抗反射结构（221）的顶部直径（D 2）为该底部直径（D 1）的0～30％；该锥形抗反射结构（221）的高度（H 0）为150nm～300nm；相邻两个该锥形抗反射结构（221）的间距（W）为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。上述具有抗反射涂层（220）的摄像头模组，能够减少光线反射，有效抑制拍照中的鬼影和眩光问题。

Description

一种摄像头模组和终端 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及拍摄技术领域，尤其涉及一种摄像头模组和终端。
背景技术
鬼影(Ghost)和眩光(Flare)是摄像头质量评价的重要指标，它是成像系统中杂散光(Stray Light)在图像传感器上的综合体现，这些杂散光的形成包括但不限于光线在光学元件、机械结构元件以及图像传感器的单次反射或多次反射产生的能量。所谓鬼影和眩光指的是当用户对着路灯、晨曦、午后阳光或者斜阳等拍照时，拍摄出的图像上容易产生明亮的圆环、圆点或斑点等，这些圆环、圆点或斑点等被形象的称为鬼影和眩光。鬼影和眩光的存在影响图片的美感。
鬼影和眩光具有一定的危害性，如高功率激光系统中，光线经镜面反射的能量集中后形成鬼影，会对系统元件的表面或内部结构造成激光损伤；鬼影和眩光也具有艺术性，如摄影系统的鬼影和眩光也较为普遍，高档的单反相机能够充分利用系统结构设计优势，合理地调整镜片面型、厚度、光圈以及镜筒结构等，使得鬼影和眩光达到最佳的艺术性。然而对于手机等结构紧凑的智能终端而言，图片中的明亮圆环或圆点会破坏图片的美感，这个问题困扰着用户。
在光学系统设计过程中，通常需要分析鬼影和眩光的产生原因，并从光学设计和结构设计上切断杂散光的传播路径，达到最佳的抑制效果。然而对于手机摄像头系统而言，由于现今的手机越来越轻薄，手机结构十分紧凑，因而留给手机摄像头系统的空间也是有限的，在结构紧凑的手机摄像头系统中，鬼影和眩光的校正方法是有限的，诸多的市售产品也都存在不同程度的鬼影和眩光问题，这也成为限制手机摄像质量提升的重要原因之一。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种摄像头模组和终端，通过在摄像头模组的光学保护窗的至少一个表面或红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面制作抗反射涂层，能够减少光线反射，有效抑制拍照中的鬼影和眩光问题。
第一方面，提供了一种摄像头模组，所述摄像头模组包括：光学保护窗、红外截止滤光片和抗反射涂层；所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述光学保护窗的至少一个表面，或所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面；所述抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；所述锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；所述锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为所述底部直径的0～30％；所述锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个所述锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
结合第一方面，在第一方面第一种可能的实现方式中，所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述光学保护窗的至少一个表面具体为：光线经过所述光学保护窗的第一表面和与所述第一表面相对的第二表面；所述抗反射涂层位于所述第一表面和所述第二表面中的至少一个表面。
结合第一方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第二种可能的实现方式中，所述抗反射涂层材质的折射率与所述光学保护窗材质的折射率相近。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第三种可能的实现方式中，所述光学保护窗的材质为大猩猩玻璃；所述抗反射涂层的材质为透明的Ultraviolet固化树脂或透明的热固化树脂。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第四种可能的实现方式中，所述光学保护窗的材质为蓝宝石材质，所述抗反射涂层材质的折射率在1.68～1.76之间。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第五种可能的实现方式中，所述光学保护窗的材质为透明有机材质。
结合第一方面至第一方面第五种可能的实现方式中任一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第六种可能的实现方式中，所述光学保护窗材质的可见光波段的透光率不小于90％。
结合第一方面，在第一方面第七种可能的实现方式中，所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面具体为：光线经过所述红外截止滤光片的第三表面和与所述第三表面相对的第四表面；所述抗反射涂层位于所述第三表面和所述第四表面中的至少一个表面。
结合第一方面第七种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第八种可能的是实现方式中，所述抗反射涂层材质的折射率与所述红外截止滤光片材质的折射率相近。
结合第一方面至第一方面第八种可能的实现方式中任一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第九种可能的实现方式中，所述抗反射涂层还包括残留层，所述残留层和所述若干锥形抗反射结构一体成型；所述残留层的厚度在200nm以内。
第二方面，提供了一种摄像头模组，所述摄像头模组包括：至少一个镜片和抗反射涂层；所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述至少一个镜片的至少一个平面表面；所述抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；所述锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；所述锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为所述底部直径的0～30％；所述锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个所述锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
结合第二方面，在第二方面第一种可能的实现方式中，所述抗反射涂层还包括残留层，所述残留层和所述若干锥形抗反射结构一体成型；所述残留层的厚度在200nm以内。
第三方面，提供了一种终端，所述终端包括如第一方面至第一方面第九种可能的实现方式或第二方面中任一种可能的实现方式所述的摄像头模组。
第四方面，提供了一种终端，所述终端包括：显示屏、摄像头模组、处理器和存储器；所述摄像头模组包括：光学保护窗、红外截止滤光片和抗反射涂层；所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述光学保护窗的至少一个表面，或所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面；所述抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；所述锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；所述锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为所述底部直径的0～30％；所述锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个所述锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
结合第四方面，在第四方面第一种可能的实现方式中，所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述光学保护窗的至少一个表面具体为：光线经过所述光学保护窗的第一表面和与所述第一表面相对的第二表面；所述抗反射涂层位于所述第一表面和所述第二表面中的至少一个表面。
结合第四方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第四方面第二种可能的实现方式中，所述抗反射涂层材质的折射率与所述光学保护窗材质的折射率相近。
结合第四方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第四方面第三种可能的实现方式中，所述光学保护窗的材质为大猩猩玻璃；所述抗反射涂层的材质为透明的 Ultraviolet固化树脂或透明的热固化树脂。
结合第四方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第四方面第四种可能的实现方式中，所述光学保护窗的材质为蓝宝石材质，所述抗反射涂层材质的折射率在1.68～1.76之间。
结合第四方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第四方面第五种可能的实现方式中，所述光学保护窗的材质为透明有机材质。
结合第四方面至第四方面第五种可能的实现方式中任一种可能的实现方式，在第四方面第六种可能的实现方式中，所述光学保护窗材质的可见光波段的透光率不小于90％。
结合第四方面，在第四方面第七种可能的实现方式中，所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面具体为：光线经过所述红外截止滤光片的第三表面和与所述第三表面相对的第四表面；所述抗反射涂层位于所述第三表面和所述第四表面中的至少一个表面。
结合第四方面第七种可能的实现方式，在第四方面第八种可能的是实现方式中，所述抗反射涂层材质的折射率与所述红外截止滤光片材质的折射率相近。
结合第四方面至第四方面第八种可能的实现方式中任一种可能的实现方式，在第四方面第九种可能的实现方式中，所述抗反射涂层还包括残留层，所述残留层和所述若干锥形抗反射结构一体成型；所述残留层的厚度在200nm以内。
在上述技术方案中，本发明实施例提供的一种摄像头模组和终端，所述摄像头模组包括：光学保护窗、红外截止滤光片和抗反射涂层；所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述光学保护窗的至少一个表面，或所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面；所述抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；所述锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；所述锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为所述底部直径的0～30％；所述锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个所述锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3，具有该抗反射结涂层的摄像头模组，能够减少光线反射，有效抑制拍照中的鬼影和眩光问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1是摄像头模组的一般结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的锥形抗反射结构的示意图；
图3A是本发明实施例提供的制作抗反射结构的工艺示意图；
图3B是本发明实施例提供的制作抗反射结构的另一工艺示意图；
图4A是本发明实施例提供的光学器件表面的抗反射结构的示意图；
图4B是本发明实施例提供的光学器件表面的抗反射结构的另一示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例提供的又一种终端的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
当本发明实施例提及“第一”、“第二”等序数词时，除非根据上下文其确实表达顺序之意，应当理解为仅仅是起区分之用。
当本发明实施例提及“和/或”时，比如“A和/或B”，包括A、B以及A和B三种情况。
本发明实施例中提到的范围，未做特别说明的，均包括端点值。
本发明实施例中的终端包括但不限于手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、可穿戴设备等。
虽然目前智能终端的拍照能力随着传感器和镜头设计的改进，取得了显著的性能提升，但是智能终端如手机，在强光源条件下，比如对着晴天的太阳、 对着夜晚路灯拍照时，仍然存在明显的鬼影和眩光，影响拍照的质量。而且用户在拍照过程中，非常容易察觉到鬼影和眩光的干扰。
鬼影与眩光的产生机理是摄像头模组中光学元件或机械件表面反射的杂散光聚焦在图像传感器的靶面上形成的。鬼影和眩光问题的解决方案之一是在摄像头模组的元件表面制作低反射率的抗反射涂层以削弱杂散光的能量。比如，在光学保护窗的表面和/或红外截止滤光片的表面，采用纳米压印的方法进行低反射涂层的工艺处理；也可以在摄像头模组的镜片的平面表面，制作该抗反射涂层。
包括摄像头模组的智能终端比如手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、可穿戴设备等，它们的摄像头模组的一般结构如图1所示，包括：
光学保护窗(Cover Window)110、至少一个镜片120、红外截止滤光片(Infra-Red Cut Filter，简称IRCF)140和图像传感器150。
其中，光学保护窗110的材质可以是玻璃，比如康宁公司的大猩猩玻璃，也可以是蓝宝石材质，也可以是透明有机材质。
图1所示的至少一个镜片120的结构和数目仅为示意，摄像头模组具体的镜片结构和数目由具体情况而定。
红外截止滤光片140为允许可见光透过并且能够截止或反射红外光的光学镜片，是一种应用于过滤红外波段的滤镜。红外截止滤光片的材质可以是一种蓝玻璃。
图像传感器150主要包括感光耦合元件(Charge-Coupled Device,简称CCD)和互补式金属氧化物半导体(Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor，简称CMOS)有源像素传感器(Active Pixel Sensor)两种。
其中，图1中130表示不同角度的入射光线在摄像头模组中的示意传播路径。光线130在到达图像传感器150之前，需要经过光学保护窗110、至少一个镜片120和红外截止滤光片140。其中，光线130经过光学保护窗110的第一表面111和与第一表面111相对的第二表面112；光线130经过红外截止滤光片140的第三表面141和第三表面141相对的第四表面142；光线130经过至少一个镜片120的平面表面121。至少一个镜片120可能不止一个平面表面，图1仅为示意。
当用户使用具有摄像头模组的智能终端进行拍照时，由于在光学元件和/或 机械器件表面反射的杂散光聚焦在图像传感器的靶面上，用户拍摄出的图片会出现鬼影和/或眩光情况。鬼影和/或眩光问题的解决方案之一是在摄像头模组的元件表面制作低反射率的光学涂层以削弱杂散光的能量。比如，在光学保护窗的表面、红外截止滤光片的表面或镜片的平面表面，采用纳米压印的方法进行抗反射涂层的工艺处理，然后在光学保护窗的表面、红外截止滤光片的表面或镜片的平面表面形成具有类蛾眼结构(moth-eye)的微小凸起。类蛾眼结构可以是圆锥形结构或高斯面结构或抛物面结构。由于光线进入不同介质时的反射率主要是由折射率决定的，根据渐变折射率理论，当光线透过表面具有类蛾眼结构微小凸起的光学保护窗和/或红外截止滤光片时，相当于光线穿过一层层与该光线折射率相近的材料，因而使得任意角度与频率的入射光，大部分能够被该类蛾眼结构微小突起所吸收，而只有很少部分被反射，即能够产生超低反射效果。实施例一
本发明实施例提供的摄像头模组包括：光学保护窗110、红外截止滤光片140和抗反射涂层；所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述光学保护窗的至少一个表面，或所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面；所述抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；所述锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；所述锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为所述底部直径的0～30％；所述锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个所述锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
该锥形抗反射结构的形状为针尖状或圆锥状。由于加工工艺受限，该锥形抗反射结构的形状很难做到理论上的针尖状或圆锥状结构。图2为抗反射涂层220的示意图，抗反射涂层220包括若干锥形抗反射结构221。该锥形抗反射结构221的底部直径D1的范围为40nm～150nm；该锥形抗反射结构221的顶部直径D2是其底部直径D1范围的0～30％；该锥形抗反射结构221的高度H0范围为150nm～300nm；相邻两个该锥形抗反射结构221的间距W是可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。可选的，该锥形抗反射结构221的高宽比α≥3。该高宽比α＝H0/D1。比如，该锥形抗反射结构的底部直径D1为100nm，则该锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径D2为0nm～30nm。该锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径D2为0nm时，此时的锥形抗反射结构接近理论上的圆锥形。为了控制抗反射涂层的高度，可选的，该抗反射涂层220还包括残留层222，该残留层222和该若干锥形抗反射 结构一体成型；该残留层222的厚度H1在200nm以内。随着工艺的发展，该残留层222的厚度可以为0nm。即，该抗反射涂层220可以没有残留层222，只包括若干锥形抗反射结构221。因此该抗反射涂层220的总体高度H的范围为150nm～500nm。其中，上述的范围，未做特别说明均包括端点值。所述相邻两个锥形抗反射结构的间距如图2所示，指相邻两个锥形抗反射结构的锥心轴线之间的距离。一般而言，人眼可以感受到的可见光波段波长范围是在390到700nm之间的。
可选的，该光学保护窗110包括第一表面111和与第一表面111相对的第二表面112；抗反射涂层位于第一表面111和第二表面112中的至少一个表面。当拍摄照片，光线130到达图像传感器150需要经过光学保护窗110的第一表面111和第二表面112。该抗反射涂层位于该第一表面111和/或该第二表面112。该抗反射涂层可以只设置在光学保护窗110的第一表面111，也在可以只设置在光学保护窗110的第二表面112，也可以同时设置在光学保护窗110的第一表面111和第二表面112。当该抗反射涂层同时设置在光学保护窗110的第一表面111和第二表面112时，光学保护窗110具有双面抗反射涂层，减少反射光线的效果更好。该第一表面111也可以称作光做保护窗110的外表面；该第二表面112也可以称作光做保护窗110的内表面。
可选的，为了良好的透光效果，光学保护窗材质的可见光波段的透光率不小于90％。
可选的，该抗反射涂层材质的折射率与该光学保护窗材质的折射率相近，这样可以取得更好的减少反射光线的效果。
可选的，该光学保护窗的材质为大猩猩玻璃；该抗反射涂层的材质为透明的Ultraviolet(简称UV)固化树脂或透明的热固化树脂。其中，该透明的UV固化树脂可以为丙烯酸酯光固化胶黏剂(也叫丙烯酸类UV固化胶水或UV胶黏剂)。因为大猩猩玻璃的折射率为1.51(Nd值)，选用的该抗反射涂层的材质的折射率Nd值的范围最好在1.48～1.53之间，丙烯酸酯光固化胶黏剂的折射率位于1.48～1.53之间，是良好的抗反射涂层材质。
可选的，该光学保护窗的材质为蓝宝石材质，该抗反射结涂层材质的折射率在1.68～1.76之间。由于蓝宝石材质的折射率在1.7以上，为了保证实现低反射率，用于制作该抗反射涂层的材质的折射率在1.68～1.76之间。
可选的，该光学保护窗的材质为透明有机材质。
可选的，该红外截止滤光片140包括第三表面141和与第三表面141相对的第四表面142；抗反射涂层位于第三表面141和第四表面142中的至少一个表面。当拍摄照片，光线130到达图像传感器150需要经过红外截止滤光片140的第三表面141和第四表面142。该抗反射涂层位于该第三表面141和/或该第四表面142。该抗反射涂层可以只设置在红外截止滤光片140的第三表面141，也在可以只设置在红外截止滤光片140的第四表面142，也可以同时设置在红外截止滤光片140的第三表面141和第四表面142。当该抗反射涂层同时设置在红外截止滤光片140的第三表面141和第四表面142时，红外截止滤光片140具有双面抗反射涂层，减少反射光线的效果更好。可选的，该抗反射涂层可以同时位于光学保护窗110的第一表面111、第二表面112以及红外截止滤光片140的第三表面141和第四表面142。此时光学保护窗110和红外截止滤光片140均具有双面抗反射涂层结构，减少光线反射的效果更好。
可选的，该抗反射涂层材质的折射率与该红外截止滤光片材质的折射率相近，这样可以取得更好的减少反射光线的效果。
实施例二
本发明实施例提供了一种摄像头模组，通过在该摄像头模组的光学保护窗的表面和/或该红外截止滤光片的表面制作类蛾眼结构的微小凸起，使得该摄像头模组能够减少光线反射，有效抑制拍照中的鬼影和眩光问题。在制作类蛾眼结构的微小凸起之前，首先需要在光学保护窗的表面和/或该红外截止滤光片的表面制作一层有机薄膜，然后经过纳米压印工艺，将该有机薄膜制作成抗反射涂层。该抗反射涂层包括若干类蛾眼结构的微小突起。该类蛾眼结构的微小凸起可以是锥形抗反射结构。
下面以在光学保护窗110的第二表面112制作抗反射涂层为例，对制作该抗反射涂层的具体实施步骤进行说明。其中，光学保护窗以康宁公司的大猩猩玻璃为例。该第二表面112也可以称作光学保护窗110的内表面112。
第一步，清洗经过外形尺寸切割后的大猩猩玻璃。清洗方式可以采用常规的半导体清洗方法，例如，首先对大猩猩玻璃先经过丙酮超声清洗，其次再进行酒精超声波清洗，最后再次使用氧气(O2)等离子体对大猩猩玻璃进行表面处理。
第二步，如图3A所示，在光学保护窗110的第二表面112制作一层透明的有机薄膜200，该有机薄膜200的厚度为150～500nm。该有机薄膜即为制作抗反射涂层的材质。在该光学保护窗110的第二表面112制作有机薄膜200的工艺可以是旋涂(spin-coating)、浸涂(dipping)或者滴涂(dispensing)等，通过控制工艺参数保证有机薄膜的厚度。
选择合适的有机薄膜材料是实现摄像头模组的低反射率的关键。有机薄膜的折射率需要与光学保护窗材质的折射率相适应，因此针对不同的光学保护窗材质，需要考虑采用不同的有机薄膜材料。通常情况下，大猩猩玻璃的折射率为1.51(Nd值)，因此选用的有机薄膜的折射率需要在大猩猩玻璃折射率附近。比如，选择使用的有机薄膜涂层材料的折射率Nd值的范围在1.48～1.53之间。当光学保护窗的材质为大猩猩玻璃时，该有机薄膜可以为透明的UV固化树脂或透明的热固化树脂。其中，该透明的UV固化树脂可以是丙烯酸酯光固化胶黏剂。此外，丙烯酸酯光固化胶黏剂可以满足UV压印(Ultraviolet Imprint)的需求。为了充分保证光学透过率，该有机薄膜材料需要满足可见光波段的透过率大于90％的要求。
第三步，制作具有类蛾眼结构的纳米压印软模具210。该软模需具备UV透光性能。该软模具的材料可以是聚二甲基硅氧烷(Polydimethylsiloxane，简称PDMS)、SU-8、丙烯酸类树脂或者环氧树脂等。制作该软模具的工艺是现有技术，本发明在此不做具体表述。
第四步，进行UV压印和脱模处理。将第三步准备的软模具210朝向第二步的有机薄膜200进行按压处理，使得类蛾眼结构转移到有机薄膜200上，得到抗反射涂层220，如图3B所示。在这个过程中，可以使用紫外线UV照射来使有机薄200膜固化。待有机薄膜200固化后，将软模具210与有机薄膜200分开，即进行脱模处理。
通过以上四步，可以实现在光学保护窗110的第二表面112制作抗反射涂层220。随着工艺的进步，该抗反射涂层220可以没有残留层222，即该抗反射涂层220只包括若干锥形抗反射结构221。
该抗反射涂层220是一层具有周期性锥形纳米结构的薄膜。该抗反射结涂层220有利于降低反射率。但是在UV压印和脱模的过程中很难加工出理论上的圆锥形结构，可以得到如图2所示的锥形抗反射结构。
采用与上述制作工艺类似的步骤，也可以在光学保护窗110的第一表面111制作该抗反射涂层。也可以在光学保护窗110的第一表面111和第二表面112同时制作该抗反射涂层。在光学保护窗110的第一表面111和/或第二表面112制作该抗反射涂层后，该抗反射涂层还可以继续制作在红外截止滤光片140的第三表面141，也可以制作在红外截止滤光片140的第四表面142，也可以同时制作在红外截止滤光片140的第三表面141和第四表面142。此时光学保护窗110和红外截止滤光片140均具有双面抗反射涂层结构，减少光线反射的效果更好。
实施例三
下面以摄像头模组的光学保护窗110材质为蓝宝石材质为例，对在蓝宝石玻璃基底上制作抗反射涂层进行说明。蓝宝石玻璃有着很好的热特性，极好的电气特性和介电特性，并且具有防化学腐蚀，耐高温，导热好，硬度高，透红外，化学稳定性好等特性，目前越来越多地摄像头模组采用蓝宝石材质作为光学保护窗。由于蓝宝石的折射率高于大猩猩玻璃的折射率，因此它比大猩猩玻璃具有更高的反射率，因此当将蓝宝石材质用作摄像头模组的光学保护窗时，非常有必要在蓝宝石材质表面加工超低反射率的涂层。
本发明实施例采用纳米压印工艺在蓝宝石材质的光学保护窗的表面制作具有周期性的锥形抗反射结构的抗反射涂层，具体的工艺流程与实施例二类似。由于蓝宝石材质的折射率在1.7以上，为了保证实现低反射率，涂层材料的折射率需要与光学保护窗材质的折射率相适应，即二者的折射率要相近。因此用于制作抗反射结构的涂层材料的折射率(Nd)最好在1.67～1.78之间。由于蓝宝石材质硬度较高，所以用于蓝宝石材质纳米压印的软模具也需要选择硬度相对较高的丙烯酸或者环氧树脂类的材质，这样压印效果更佳。在蓝宝石材质的光学保护窗110的第二表面112上制作的抗反射涂层的锥形抗反射结构的基本参数与实施例一类似。可选的，也可以在蓝宝石材质的光学保护窗110的第一表面111制作抗反射涂层。可选的，在蓝宝石材质的光学保护窗的两个表面均制作该抗反射涂层，以达到最佳的减少反射光线的效果。
上述制作抗反射涂层的基底是针对大猩猩玻璃和蓝宝石材质，红外截止滤光片的材质可以是蓝玻璃，以蓝玻璃为基底制作抗反射涂层的工艺与实施例二中的工艺类似。基于类似的工艺，可以在红外截止滤光片140的第三表面141 和/或第四表面142制作该抗反射涂层。通常情况下，毗邻图像传感器180的光学元件表面的反射光的能量强于其它光学元件表面的反射能量，因此它对鬼影和眩光的贡献更大。由于一般红外截止滤光片140毗邻于图像传感器180，红外截止滤光片140表面的反射光线更容易直接进入图像传感器180并影响图像的质量。因此在红外截止滤光片140的表面制作该抗反射涂层，可以有效地抑制它与图像传感器180之间二次反射形成的“花瓣状”眩光等。
可选的，在红外截止滤光片的两个表面都制作该抗反射涂层，即在红外截止滤光片140的第四表面142制作抗反射涂层220，在第三表面141制作抗反射涂层230。抗反射涂层220和230的结构参数基本相同。如图4A所示，抗反射涂层220的锥形抗反射结构的锥心轴线和抗反射涂层230的锥形抗反射结构的锥心轴线可以重合，即它们的锥心轴线在一条线上；也可以稍有偏离，如图4B所示。类似的，在光学保护窗110的第一表面111和第二表面112同时制作该抗反射涂层时，第一表面111的抗反射涂层的锥形抗反射结构的锥心轴线可以与第二表面112的抗反射涂层的锥形抗反射结构的锥心轴线重合，也可以稍有偏离。
实施例四
本发明实施例提供了一种摄像头模组，该摄像头模组包括：至少一个镜片和抗反射涂层；该抗反射涂层位于光线经过的该至少一个镜片的至少一个平面表面；该抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；该锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；该锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为该底部直径的0～30％；该锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个该锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
比如，如图1所示，至少一个镜片120包括平面表面121，该抗反射涂层位于该平面表面121。
可选的，该抗反射涂层位于光线经过的光学保护窗110、至少一个镜片120和红外截止滤光片140的至少一个平面表面。
可选的，该抗反射涂层还包括残留层，该残留层和该若干锥形抗反射结构一体成型；该残留层的厚度在200nm以内。
该锥形抗反射结构的基本参数与实施例一类似。该抗反射涂层的制作工艺与实施例二类似。
实施例五
如图5所示，本发明实施例提供了一种终端310，该终端包括摄像头模组320。该摄像头模组320为上述实施例一或实施例四中的摄像头模组。
本发明实施例提供了一种终端310，该终端310包括摄像头模组320，该摄像头模组320包括：该摄像头模组包括：光学保护窗、红外截止滤光片和抗反射涂层；该抗反射涂层位于光线经过的该光学保护窗的至少一个表面，或该抗反射涂层位于光线经过的该红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面；该抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；该锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；该锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为该底部直径的0～30％；该锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个该锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
本发明实施例还提供了一种终端，该终端包括摄像头模组，该摄像头模组包括：至少一个镜片和抗反射涂层；该抗反射涂层位于光线经过的该至少一个镜片的至少一个平面表面；该抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；该锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；该锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为该底部直径的0～30％；该锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个该锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
本发明实施例提供的终端，包括具有抗反射涂层的摄像头模组，能够减少光线反射，有效抑制拍照中的鬼影和眩光问题。
实施例六
图6是本发明实施例提供的终端的结构示意图，该终端可以为包括手机、平板电脑、PDA(Personal Digital Assistant，个人数字助理)、笔记本电脑、数码相机等终端设备，以终端为手机为例，图6示出的是与本发明实施例提供的终端相关的手机400的部分结构的框图。手机400包括RF(Radio Frequency，射频)电路410、存储器420、输入单元430、显示单元440、摄像头模组450、音频电路460、WiFi(wireless fidelity，无线保真)模块470、处理器480、以及电源490等部件。本领域技术人员可以理解，图6中示出的手机结构并不构成对手机的限定，可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
下面结合图6对手机400的各个构成部件进行具体的介绍：
RF电路410可用于收发信息或通话过程中，信号的接收和发送，特 别地，将基站的下行信息接收后，给处理器480处理；另外，将设计上行的数据发送给基站。通常，RF电路包括但不限于天线、至少一个放大器、收发信机、耦合器、LNA(Low Noise Amplifier，低噪声放大器)、双工器等。此外，RF电路410还可以通过无线通信与网络和其他设备通信。所述无线通信可以使用任一通信标准或协议，包括但不限于GSM(Global System of Mobile communication，全球移动通讯系统)、GPRS(General Packet Radio Service，通用分组无线服务)、CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access，码分多址)、WCDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access,宽带码分多址)、LTE(Long Term Evolution,长期演进)、电子邮件、SMS(Short Messaging Service，短消息服务)等。
存储器420可用于存储软件程序以及模块，处理器480通过运行存储在存储器420的软件程序以及模块，从而执行手机400的各种功能应用以及数据处理。存储器420可主要包括存储程序区和存储数据区，其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能、图像播放功能等)等；存储数据区可存储根据手机400的使用所创建的数据(比如音频数据、电话本等)等。此外，存储器420可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他易失性固态存储器件。
输入单元430可用于接收输入的数字或字符信息，以及产生与手机400的用户设置以及功能控制有关的信号输入。具体地，输入单元430可包括触控面板431以及其他输入设备432。触控面板431，也称为触摸屏，可收集用户在其上或附近的触摸操作(比如用户使用手指、触笔等任何适合的物体或附件在触控面板431上或在触控面板431附近的操作)，并根据预先设定的程式驱动相应的连接装置。可选的，触控面板431可包括触摸检测装置和触摸控制器两个部分。其中，触摸检测装置检测用户的触摸方位，并检测触摸操作带来的信号，将信号传送给触摸控制器；触摸控制器从触摸检测装置上接收触摸信息，并将它转换成触点坐标，再送给处理器480，并能接收处理器480发来的命令并加以执行。此外，可以采用电阻式、电容式、红外线以及表面声波等多种类型实现触控面板431。除了触控面板431，输入单元430还可以包括其他输入设备432。具体地，其他输入设备432可以包括但不限于物理键盘、功能键(比如 音量控制按键、开关按键等)、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆等中的一种或多种。
显示单元440可用于显示由用户输入的信息或提供给用户的信息以及手机400的各种菜单。显示单元440可包括显示面板441，可选的，可以采用LCD(Liquid Crystal Display，液晶显示器)、OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode,有机发光二极管)等形式来配置显示面板441。显示面板441也可以叫做显示屏。进一步的，触控面板431可覆盖显示面板441，当触控面板431检测到在其上或附近的触摸操作后，传送给处理器480以确定触摸事件的类型，随后处理器480根据触摸事件的类型在显示面板441上提供相应的视觉输出。虽然在图6中，触控面板431与显示面板441是作为两个独立的部件来实现手机400的输入和输入功能，但是在某些实施例中，可以将触控面板431与显示面板441集成而实现手机400的输入和输出功能。
手机400还可包括至少一种传感器411，比如光传感器、运动传感器以及其他传感器。具体地，光传感器可包括环境光传感器及接近传感器，其中，环境光传感器可根据环境光线的明暗来调节显示面板441的亮度，接近传感器可在手机400移动到耳边时，关闭显示面板441和/或背光。作为运动传感器的一种，加速计传感器可检测各个方向上(一般为三轴)加速度的大小，静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向，可用于识别手机姿态的应用(比如横竖屏切换、相关游戏、磁力计姿态校准)、振动识别相关功能(比如计步器、敲击)等；至于手机400还可配置的陀螺仪、气压计、湿度计、温度计、红外线传感器等其他传感器，在此不再赘述。
音频电路460、扬声器461，传声器462可提供用户与手机400之间的音频接口。音频电路460可将接收到的音频数据转换后的电信号，传输到扬声器461，由扬声器461转换为声音信号输出；另一方面，传声器462将收集的声音信号转换为电信号，由音频电路460接收后转换为音频数据，再将音频数据输出处理器480处理后，经RF电路410以发送给比如另一手机，或者将音频数据输出至存储器420以便进一步处理。
WiFi属于短距离无线传输技术，手机400通过WiFi模块470可以 帮助用户收发电子邮件、浏览网页和访问流式媒体等，它为用户提供了无线的宽带互联网访问。虽然图6示出了WiFi模块470，但是可以理解的是，其并不属于手机400的必须构成，完全可以根据需要在不改变发明的本质的范围内而省略。
处理器480是手机400的控制中心，利用各种接口和线路连接整个手机的各个部分，通过运行或执行存储在存储器420内的软件程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在存储器420内的数据，执行手机400的各种功能和处理数据，从而对手机进行整体监控。可选的，处理器480可包括一个或多个处理单元；优选的，处理器480可集成应用处理器和调制解调处理器，其中，应用处理器主要处理操作系统、用户界面和应用程序等，调制解调处理器主要处理无线通信。可以理解的是，上述调制解调处理器也可以不集成到处理器480中。
手机400还包括给各个部件供电的电源490(比如电池)，优选的，电源可以通过电源管理系统与处理器480逻辑相连，从而通过电源管理系统实现管理充电、放电、以及功耗管理等功能。
尽管未示出，手机400还可以包括蓝牙模块等，在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的一种终端，包括显示屏441、摄像头模组450、处理器480和存储器420；
所述摄像头模组450包括：
光学保护窗、红外截止滤光片和抗反射涂层；
所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述光学保护窗的至少一个表面，或所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面；
所述抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；
所述锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；所述锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为所述底部直径的0～30％；所述锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个所述锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
显示屏441还可以用于向用户呈现摄像头模组450拍摄的图片或视频；存储器420还可以用于存储摄像头模组450拍摄的图片或视频。
可选的，该摄像头模组450可以为上述实施例一或实施例四中的摄像头模组。
本发明实施例提供的终端，包括显示屏、处理器、存储器和具有抗反射涂层的摄像头模组，能够减少光线反射，有效抑制拍照中的鬼影和眩光问题。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以示例性说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明及本发明带来的有益效果进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明权利要求的范围。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组包括：
    光学保护窗、红外截止滤光片和抗反射涂层；
    所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述光学保护窗的至少一个表面，或所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面；
    所述抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；
    所述锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；所述锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为所述底部直径的0～30％；所述锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个所述锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述光学保护窗的至少一个表面具体为：光线经过所述光学保护窗的第一表面和与所述第一表面相对的第二表面；所述抗反射涂层位于所述第一表面和所述第二表面中的至少一个表面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述抗反射涂层材质的折射率与所述光学保护窗材质的折射率相近。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述光学保护窗的材质为大猩猩玻璃；所述抗反射涂层的材质为透明的Ultraviolet固化树脂或透明的热固化树脂。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述光学保护窗的材质为蓝宝石材质，所述抗反射涂层材质的折射率在1.68～1.76之间。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述光学保护窗的材质为透明有机材质。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述光学保护窗材质的可见光波段的透光率不小于90％。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面具体为：光线经过所述红外截止滤光片的第三表面和与所述第三表面相对的第四表面；所述抗反射涂层位于所述第三表面和所述第四表面中的至少一个表面。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述抗反射涂层材质 的折射率与所述红外截止滤光片材质的折射率相近。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述抗反射涂层还包括残留层，所述残留层和所述若干锥形抗反射结构一体成型；所述残留层的厚度在200nm以内。
  11. 一种摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组包括：
    至少一个镜片和抗反射涂层；
    所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述至少一个镜片的至少一个平面表面；
    所述抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；
    所述锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；所述锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为所述底部直径的0～30％；所述锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个所述锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述抗反射涂层还包括残留层，所述残留层和所述若干锥形抗反射结构一体成型；所述残留层的厚度在200nm以内。
  13. 一种终端，其特征在于，所述终端包括：
    显示屏、摄像头模组、处理器和存储器；
    所述摄像头模组包括：
    至少一个镜片和抗反射涂层；
    所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述至少一个镜片的至少一个平面表面；
    所述抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；
    所述锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；所述锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为所述底部直径的0～30％；所述锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个所述锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
  14. 一种终端，其特征在于，所述终端包括：
    显示屏、摄像头模组、处理器和存储器；
    所述摄像头模组包括：
    光学保护窗、红外截止滤光片和抗反射涂层；
    所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述光学保护窗的至少一个表面，或所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面；
    所述抗反射涂层包括若干锥形抗反射结构；
    所述锥形抗反射结构的底部直径为40nm～150nm；所述锥形抗反射结构的顶部直径为所述底部直径的0～30％；所述锥形抗反射结构的高度为150nm～300nm；相邻两个所述锥形抗反射结构的间距为可见光波段波长的1/5～1/3。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的终端，其特征在于，所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述光学保护窗的至少一个表面具体为：光线经过所述光学保护窗的第一表面和与所述第一表面相对的第二表面；所述抗反射涂层位于所述第一表面和所述第二表面中的至少一个表面。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的终端，其特征在于，所述抗反射涂层材质的折射率与所述光学保护窗材质的折射率相近。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的终端，其特征在于，所述光学保护窗的材质为大猩猩玻璃；所述抗反射涂层的材质为透明的Ultraviolet固化树脂或透明的热固化树脂。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的终端，其特征在于，所述光学保护窗的材质为蓝宝石材质，所述抗反射涂层材质的折射率在1.68～1.76之间。
  19. 根据权利要求14所述的终端，其特征在于，所述抗反射涂层位于光线经过的所述红外截止滤光片的至少一个表面具体为：光线经过所述红外截止滤光片的第三表面和与所述第三表面相对的第四表面；所述抗反射涂层位于所述第三表面和所述第四表面中的至少一个表面。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的终端，其特征在于，所述抗反射涂层材质的折射率与所述红外截止滤光片材质的折射率相近。
  21. 根据权利要求14至20任一项所述的终端，其特征在于，所述抗反射涂层还包括残留层，所述残留层和所述若干锥形抗反射结构一体成型；所述残留层的厚度在200nm以内。
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CN106662675A (zh) 2017-05-10
US20180100957A1 (en) 2018-04-12
KR20170129195A (ko) 2017-11-24
US10139532B2 (en) 2018-11-27

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