WO2017065531A1 - Procédé et appareil de communication mettant en œuvre g-ofdm pour une communication sans fil à haut débit - Google Patents
Procédé et appareil de communication mettant en œuvre g-ofdm pour une communication sans fil à haut débit Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
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- the present invention relates to a communication method and apparatus using generalized OFDM (hereinafter, referred to as 'G-OFDM').
- the present method is applicable to both wired and wireless communication, but since the wired communication method is well known, the wireless communication method will be described.
- Wireless communication refers to the transmission and reception of various information such as voice and video without using a physical wire by using a radio wave.
- Radio waves are a part of electromagnetic waves that can transmit information at the speed of light and can be used for wireless communication because they can pass through most solids, vacuums, and atmospheres.
- Radio waves may be divided into various bands according to wavelengths or frequencies.
- As the classification according to the wavelength length there are classifications such as long wave, medium wave, and short wave.
- UHF is used for TV and digital TV broadcasting
- VHF is used for FM radio broadcasting, TV broadcasting, remote control, etc.
- short wave is used for police, aircraft radio, and the like.
- Is used for AM radio broadcasting, and longwaves are used for different fields such as coastal and ship radio broadcasting.
- a method using a frequency has been used so that various communications simultaneously within one application range for each wavelength can be distinguished from each other.
- voice data is transmitted between the A-Bs using wireless communication.
- wireless communication between A-B and wireless communication between C-D should be distinguished.
- the radio communication between the AB is made of a radio wave having an 800 MHz frequency (for example)
- the radio communication between the CD is made a radio wave having an 810 MHz frequency (also, for example).
- Wireless communication can be transmitted separately without mixing.
- Frequency division schemes include FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, and, most recently, OFDM.
- FDMA is the frequency division scheme used at the earliest, and it literally divides frequency bands among users. However, as the number of concurrent users increases, the frequency bands that can be allocated become narrower, resulting in increased noise and lowered communication quality.
- the way to solve this problem is TDMA, which was called 2G in the wireless telephone market.
- TDMA all frequency bands are used by one person at a time, but when users increase, several users alternately use them (that is, with time difference).
- CDMA a more advanced method
- CDMA all frequency bands are used by all users at all times for all time, but the signals of each user are differentiated by multiplexing using random numbers assigned to each user.
- Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is a technology that makes these existing technologies more efficient, and is called OFDM-TDMA, OFDM-CDMA, etc. depending on which technology is combined.
- OFDM is a frequency orthogonal technique, in which multiple pieces of data are put in parallel on a carrier frequency at regular orthogonal intervals and transmitted simultaneously.
- some margins have to be given between the frequency bands used for actual communication.
- the OFDM scheme is applied, even if overlapping frequencies do not cross each other, interference does not occur. There is no need to provide the frequency and the frequency band allocation and distribution becomes much more efficient.
- Various specific techniques utilizing such OFDM are disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
- a guard interval is inserted to remove inter-symbol interference by multiple paths. If there is no signal in the GI interval, the orthogonality of the subcarriers may be collapsed and inter-channel interference may occur. In order to prevent this, a part of a signal behind the symbol period is copied and inserted, and this signal is a cyclic prefix (CP).
- CP cyclic prefix
- this CP is a factor that reduces the transmission efficiency, and this method also interferes with neighboring channels because the signal level between neighboring channels is only 13.6 dB difference. In addition, it interferes with neighboring frequency bands, and thus puts a guard band in the use of frequency, thereby decreasing efficiency in using the frequency.
- the technology introduced to improve this disadvantage is the FBMC (filter bank multicarrier) technology, which does not interfere with neighboring channels except for a minimum transmission band, generates little leakage power between bands, and requires no CP. This makes it possible to use the frequency more efficiently.
- FBMC Filter Bank Multicarrier
- the details of OFDM, FBMC, comparison between each technique, and the pros and cons of "FBMC (Filter Bank Multicarrier) transmission technology trend" Korea Communications Agency, Broadcasting Technology Issues & Outlook, 2014 No. 61, 2014.03. 03
- the FBMC technology has a problem that the prototype filter is very large and the implementation complexity is very large, which causes a lot of power consumption when developed as a device, which is not suitable for commercialization. Doing.
- each hierarchical channel defined by a predetermined frequency band, so that digital data is carried for each hierarchical channel, Corresponding and defined as a function in the frequency domain, a plurality of layer channels are superimposed and multiplexed by a plurality of layer synthesis functions having orthogonality and frequency cutoff, and each layer channel is transmitted to a plurality of subchannels. Characterized in that it is formed to be divided. In this case, each frequency band of the plurality of hierarchical channels formed for each of the subchannels is formed to be identical to each other for all the hierarchical channels (that is, physically completely overlapped).
- a matrix composed of a plurality of the hierarchical synthesis functions is a composite matrix
- a matrix composed of hierarchical separation functions corresponding to each of the plurality of hierarchical synthesis functions is called a separation matrix.
- the composite matrix and the separation matrix has a hierarchical function matrix ( )
- the hierarchical matrix ( ) Is formed such that the following formula holds.
- the hierarchical function matrix ( ) Is a matrix having a column length of 1 and having orthogonality between columns. ) Is determined; Jump elimination matrix for subtracting the first row from each row to avoid frequency spreading or leakage due to jumps at the starting point. ) Is the initial matrix ( Multiplied by; To achieve column smoothing, the filtering matrix ( ) Is the jump removal matrix ( ) And initial matrix ( ) Times ( Multiplied by; To regain orthogonality, Filtering matrix by ), Jump removal matrix ( ) And initial matrix ( ) Times ( ) Is converted to a hierarchy function matrix ( ) Is generated;
- the communication method the initial matrix having an even column length And jump matrix Hierarchical Function Matrix Created with Or an initial matrix with odd column lengths And jump matrix Hierarchical Function Matrix Created with It is characterized by using the first column of as a pilot vector.
- data of a digital signal is converted into a waveform signal and transmitted through a plurality of the hierarchical channels, and the data carried in each of the hierarchical channels is transmitted in a frequency domain using the hierarchical synthesis functions.
- Frequency overlapping and transmitting converted into superposition and time domain signals and then transmitted on one communication channel;
- After the data in the form of a waveform signal transmitted by the frequency overlapping and transmitting step is received and converted from a time domain signal to a frequency domain signal, each hierarchical channel using hierarchical separation functions corresponding to the hierarchical synthesis function
- a frequency separation and reception step in which the data in the digital signal contained in the field is separated and restored.
- At least one modulation selected from BPSK, QPSK, M-PSK, and M-QAM when the data is loaded on each of the subchannels.
- the modulation scheme used for each of the hierarchical channels may be the same or different from each other.
- the communication device using the G-OFDM of the present invention is characterized in that the communication device using the communication method as described above.
- the transmitter uses a hierarchical synthesis function to transmit a symbol of several hierarchical channels. Is transmitted in the frequency domain by shaping and superimposing, and the receiving side separates the original hierarchical channel symbol from the superimposed signal by using the hierarchical separation function. Accordingly, unlike the conventional one having to allocate one unique frequency band for one user, the G-OFDM of the present invention can efficiently reduce frequency interference by sending data symbols superimposed.
- the present invention is a technique of overlapping symbols using a function having a property (e.g. orthogonality) that can be separated from each other, so that it is incomparably simpler than that of the FTN technique, so that the implementation or operation of the system is much more complicated.
- a function having properties that can be synthesized and interpreted may occur in a large number within a mathematically finite interval.
- the number of functions to be technically implemented should be appropriately limited according to the complexity.
- the existing frequency interference problem can be solved by using the G-OFDM technology, and it is expected to be a very useful technology as the next generation communication technology as well as the next generation.
- 1 is a conventional OFDM communication scheme principle.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example of overlapping and separating two layer channels using the G-OFDM technique of the present invention.
- FIG 3 illustrates an example in which a plurality of hierarchical channels consisting of one subchannel are synthesized and separated using the G-OFDM technique of the present invention.
- 6 is a transmitter structure implementing frequency overlapping and transmitting steps.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a receiver architecture for implementing frequency separation and reception steps.
- FIG. 8 is a structure of a transmitter and a receiver using the G-OFDM technique of the present invention.
- 9 is a process of generating a hierarchical matrix having orthogonality and frequency blocking.
- 11 is a frequency response characteristic of the hierarchical synthesis function of G (8,6) -OFDM.
- 12 is a power frequency density composed of a hierarchical synthesis function of OFDM and G (8,6) -OFDM.
- 13 is a set of hierarchical synthesis functions in the time domain of G (7,5) -OFDM.
- 15 is a power frequency density consisting of a hierarchical synthesis function of OFDM and G (7,5) -OFDM.
- FIG. 1 conceptually illustrates a conventional OFDM communication scheme principle.
- the conventional TDMA (2G), CDMA (3G), etc. has already described that a single user uses the frequency (f) of all bands.
- the allocated frequency band is divided into subchannels consisting of several small frequency bands as shown in FIG. Subchannel 1, subchannel 2, ... ').
- one subchannel occupies one information symbol. 1, symbol 1 transmits and receives using the frequency of subchannel 1, symbol 2 transmits and receives using the frequency of subchannel 2, and the like.
- the symbol refers to the smallest unit of data sent at a time in data communication.
- the 4-PSK modulation scheme four types of 1, j, -1, and -j are used at one time. In this case, two bits of information can be sent at a time, and one symbol can be thought of as almost two bits.
- Types of modulation schemes include BPSK, QPSK, M-PSK, M-QAM, and the like, and since the modulation schemes are widely known in the art, detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 2 conceptually illustrates an example of overlapping and separating two hierarchical channels using the G-OFDM technique of the present invention. It is the same to divide the entire frequency band into smaller bands of subchannel 1, subchannel 2, ..., where the subchannels do not have to be the same size range as each other. It is shown an example in which the size of each is formed differently.
- the signal carrying the symbol of the hierarchical channel 1 on the sub-channel 1 and the signal carrying the symbol of the hierarchical channel 2 are overlaid in the frequency domain by using the hierarchical synthesis function. Send. That is, the superimposed symbol 1 is carried on subchannel 1 and the superimposed symbol 2, ... on subchannel 2 in the transmitted signal.
- the receiving side receives the overlap symbol 1 on the subchannel 1, receives the overlap symbol 2 on the subchannel 2, and receives the overlap symbols in the process of ..., the overlap symbol 1 by using a layer separation function for each subchannel By splitting, symbols 11 and 21 are obtained, and the original symbols are separated by the process of.
- the wireless communication method of the present invention can contribute to substantially increase communication capacity by reducing frequency interference between systems.
- the wireless communication method of the present invention there are a plurality of hierarchical channels defined in a predetermined frequency band, so that digital data is carried for each hierarchical channel.
- the plurality of layered channels are overlapped and multiplexed by a plurality of layered synthesis functions corresponding to the plurality of layered channels and defined as functions in the frequency domain.
- each of the hierarchical channels is formed to be divided into a plurality of subchannels, so that data can be carried more efficiently.
- each frequency band of the plurality of subchannels formed for each of the hierarchical channels is formed to be the same for all the hierarchical channels. Accordingly, as described above, unlike the conventional case, only one information symbol may be transmitted and received on one subchannel, and in the present invention, one subchannel may transmit and receive as many information symbols as the number of hierarchical channels. It can be.
- the wireless communication method of the present invention is composed of a frequency overlapping and transmitting step and a frequency separation and reception step.
- data of a digital signal through a plurality of hierarchical channels is converted into an analog signal and transmitted (where the hierarchical channels are defined as predetermined frequency bands, and a plurality of subchannels as shown). And the entire band and each subchannel band are the same for each layer channel).
- the data carried on each of the hierarchical channels are converted into overlapping and time-domain signals in the frequency domain using the hierarchical synthesis functions and then transmitted on one communication channel.
- the data in the form of an analog signal transmitted by the frequency overlapping transmission step is received and converted from a time domain signal into a frequency domain signal, and then using hierarchical separation functions corresponding to the hierarchical synthesis function.
- the data of the digital signals carried on the respective hierarchical channels are separated and restored.
- FIG. 3 conceptually illustrates a principle of transmitting and receiving information symbols of a plurality of hierarchical channels in one subchannel using the G-OFDM technique of the present invention.
- orthogonal waveform is used as an example of the hierarchical synthesis function.
- Orthogonal functions in the frequency domain have the following properties:
- Information symbols may be synthesized as follows.
- the signal shown in (3) Is sent.
- Information symbol Is a pulse in the frequency domain Is a pulse in the time domain corresponding to Will be sent on.
- channel noise when channel noise is introduced into such a signal, it may appear as follows.
- each step (frequency overlapping and transmitting step, frequency separation and reception step) of the wireless communication method of the present invention will be described in more detail with a specific embodiment for applying to an actual communication system.
- the input data string to be transmitted in digital form Is used by symbol channel mapper ) And by subchannel ( Indexed on the complex plane symbol ( ).
- Data to be transmitted in a digital communication system is in digital form.
- These input data columns ( ) Modulates through a baseband modulator called a symbol mapper. Modulation methods can be applied to all baseband digital modulation methods, such as BPSK, QPSK, M-PSK, M-QAM.
- First layer channel, Symbol mapping for the first subchannel may be expressed as follows.
- Symbol mapping is Collection of data bits on the first subchannel Symbol on complex plane It acts as a mapping.
- the oversampling signal of each layer channel ( ) Is an orthogonal function ( By convolution in the frequency domain To be molded).
- the orthogonal function ( ) Is equal to the number of the hierarchical channels
- the orthogonal function ( ) Corresponds to the hierarchical synthesis function in the earlier explanation.
- any function may be used as the hierarchical synthesis function, but since it is an orthogonal function that can be easily implemented most intuitively, only an orthogonal function is used in this embodiment.
- a hierarchical composition function may be applied instead of an orthogonal function.
- the condition that the hierarchical synthesis function should have is a measurement analysis function for separating the hierarchical channel, and the function represented by the product of the synthesis function and the analysis function as a whole may be orthogonal.
- shaping filtering by the hierarchical synthesis function is based on the length of the input data vector And parameters Total sample length by This means that it is circularly convolved so that circular convolution is obtained as follows.
- the overlap signal ( ) Is transformed from a frequency domain signal to a time domain signal by an inverse Fourier transform, so that a transmission signal in the form of an analog signal ( Let).
- equation (14) Denotes an inverse Fourier transform operator.
- the transmission signal (the analog signal in the time domain) ) Is transmitted on one said communication channel.
- 6 illustrates a transmitter structure for implementing the frequency overlapping and transmission steps as described above.
- the transmission signal transmitted through the communication channel ( ) And the noise signal introduced into the communication channel ( ) Combined with the received signal ( ) Is received (see equation (15)).
- the transmission signal transmitted in the spectral overlap and transmission steps should be received as it is, but noise is almost always introduced in the actual communication environment.
- the received signal includes a noise signal as well as a transmitted signal.
- the transmission signal ( ), Noise signal ( ), Incoming signal ( ) Are all in vector form.
- the received signal ( ) Is transformed from a time domain signal into a frequency domain signal by a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to convert the transform signal ( Let).
- FFT fast Fourier transform
- the conversion signal ( ) Is the layer separation function ( Separate signal for each layer channel in the form of digital signal convolved in the frequency domain by To be separated.
- the hierarchical separation function corresponds to the hierarchical synthesis function used in the overlapping step, and as described above, the function represented by the product of the synthesis function and the analysis function is determined to have orthogonality.
- the relationship between the synthesis function h and the analysis function g is as follows.
- the separation signal ( )from Signal before conversion which is the signal at the point where ) Is saved.
- the separation signal ( )from Signal before conversion which is the signal at the point where ) Is saved.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a receiver structure for implementing the frequency separation and reception steps as described above.
- data for each layer channel is overlapped in a frequency domain by using layer synthesis functions.
- These hierarchical synthesis functions should be excellent in frequency cutoff characteristics while being waveforms having properties that can be separated from each other (eg, orthogonality).
- the Hadamard matrix has excellent orthogonality but no frequency blocking capability, and thus is not suitable for application to the communication method of the present invention.
- a new layer synthesis function and a layer separation function satisfying orthogonality and frequency blocking property are proposed.
- An example of making such a function is described below, but enumerating each layer function is not very effective, so we introduce a matrix to discuss the orthogonality and frequency blocking characteristics of each column.
- Hierarchical Function Matrix The process of making is shown in FIG. 9. The structure of the synthetic matrix and the separation matrix is the same. Hierarchical Function Matrix Is obtained by the following equation.
- matrix Wow are transform matrices from the frequency domain to the time domain and from the time domain to the frequency domain, respectively.
- matrix Wow Each removes jumps in columns in the matrix and performs filtering in the time domain.
- a common feature is that columns are 1 in length and are orthogonal between each column.
- the length of the column is odd, that is When this is odd, the initial matrix has the form
- equations (24) and (25) the fact that most of the matrix elements are zero is to achieve the goal with the minimum operation when there is another matrix and operation.
- the portion of space is zero, and all of the center rows of equation (25) are zero.
- the matrix column is expanded and zero padded to the required size.
- the matrix required for permuting and zero padding is defined as follows.
- the permute and zero-padded matrix can be expressed as
- Spectral spreading occurs in OFDM because each carrier function has a sharp jump at its starting point. In other words, spectral spreading or leakage occurs due to a jump that contains a lot of high frequencies at the starting point. So we can eliminate this jump by subtracting the first row from each row. The mathematical expression of this is as follows.
- the matrix acts as an operator to remove jumps from the column.
- the matrix may be transformed into the frequency domain by taking a DFT on the columns of.
- a method of eliminating jumps in the columns of the matrix by Equation (31) can be considered variously.
- the first row is all zero in the time domain, it means the same as the sum is zero for each column in the frequency domain.
- Criteria for determining whether a jump elimination method is useful will be described later, but will be determined with a variety of frequency characteristics and pilot vectors.
- the filtered matrix After filtering, DFT, permutation, and truncation, the filtered matrix can be obtained as follows.
- the initial matrix began with a matrix with orthogonal columns, but may be distanced from the matrix with orthogonal columns while eliminating jumps and performing filtering.
- the matrix given by Eq. (43) can be converted into the matrix with the nearest orthogonal column as follows while maintaining its properties.
- the process of creating a matrix containing pilot vectors is already an initial matrix. From Can be defined the same as the process for creating a.
- the matrix including the pilot vector must have all the elements of all other vectors corresponding to the rows located in the nonzero elements constituting the pilot vector all zeros.
- the initial matrix can be defined as
- jump matrices can be defined as follows.
- the initial matrix can be defined as
- jump matrices can be defined as follows.
- Simulation was performed to check whether the frequency cutoff is good when the filter matrix, which is the core of the present invention as described above, is actually applied. That is, to briefly explain the following simulation process, a hierarchical matrix is obtained using an appropriately set initial matrix, a jump matrix, and equation (22), and it is checked whether the first column of the hierarchical matrix can be used as a pilot vector.
- a reference signal known to both the transmitter and the receiver for channel estimation is called a pilot. If the first column of the hierarchical matrix obtained in the simulation satisfies the conditions described above, It can be determined that it is high and can be used as a pilot vector.
- 10 is a matrix By plotting the columns of in the time domain, we can see that all the curves start at zero and end with zero. This prevents spectral spreading by not drastically changing the function used as a carrier wave.
- 11 is the matrix By plotting columns in the frequency domain, it can be seen that the spectral characteristics of each column are different.
- 12 is a comparison of power spectral density (PSD) between conventional OFDM and G-OFDM according to the present invention. It can be seen from FIG. 12 that the G-OFDM shows very high spectrum use efficiency.
- PSD power spectral density
- 13 is a matrix By plotting the columns of in the time domain, we can see that all the curves start at zero and end with zero. This prevents spectral spreading by not drastically changing the function used as a carrier wave.
- 14 is the matrix By plotting columns in the frequency domain, it can be seen that the spectral characteristics of each column are different.
- 15 is a comparison of power spectral density (PSD) of conventional OFDM and G-OFDM of the present invention. It can be seen from FIG. 15 that the G-OFDM shows very high spectrum use efficiency.
- PSD power spectral density
- the existing frequency interference problem can be solved by using the G-OFDM technology, and it is expected to be a very useful technology as the next generation communication technology as well as the next generation.
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Abstract
L'objectif de la présente invention est de fournir un procédé et un appareil de communication mettant en œuvre G-OFDM, le procédé exécutant simultanément un procédé à banc de filtres (FB) qui réduit les interférences entre canaux en améliorant la technologie OFDM qui est l'actuelle technologie de communication sans fil de quatrière génération, et un procédé dans lequel une pluralité de canaux de couche sont multiplexés par superposition sur la même bande de fréquences à l'aide d'une fonction composée de couche et ensuite transmis pour améliorer considérablement l'attribution et l'efficacité des fréquences.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201680073167.8A CN108370363A (zh) | 2015-10-13 | 2016-10-13 | 用于高速无线通信的利用了g-ofdm的通信方法及装置 |
| US16/084,195 US20190182087A1 (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2016-10-13 | Communication method and apparatus using g-ofdm for high speed wireless communication |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR20150142956 | 2015-10-13 | ||
| KR10-2015-0142956 | 2015-10-13 | ||
| KR10-2016-0132351 | 2016-10-12 | ||
| KR1020160132351A KR101798876B1 (ko) | 2015-10-13 | 2016-10-12 | 고속 무선 통신을 위한 gofdm을 이용한 통신 방법 및 장치 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2017065531A1 true WO2017065531A1 (fr) | 2017-04-20 |
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| PCT/KR2016/011505 Ceased WO2017065531A1 (fr) | 2015-10-13 | 2016-10-13 | Procédé et appareil de communication mettant en œuvre g-ofdm pour une communication sans fil à haut débit |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040042557A1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-04 | Kabel Allan M. | Partial band reconstruction of frequency channelized filters |
| KR100780277B1 (ko) * | 1998-09-22 | 2007-11-28 | 퀄컴 인코포레이티드 | 가변 레이트 데이터 송신 및 수신을 위한 장치 및 방법 |
| US20090245329A1 (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2009-10-01 | France Telecom | Spread transmission method with power allocation per user and per symbol |
| JP2011172013A (ja) * | 2010-02-18 | 2011-09-01 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> | マルチキャリア変調装置及び復調装置 |
| US20120269234A1 (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2012-10-25 | Zaichen Zhang | Double-layer multi-carrier ultra-wideband wireless communication method |
-
2016
- 2016-10-13 WO PCT/KR2016/011505 patent/WO2017065531A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100780277B1 (ko) * | 1998-09-22 | 2007-11-28 | 퀄컴 인코포레이티드 | 가변 레이트 데이터 송신 및 수신을 위한 장치 및 방법 |
| US20040042557A1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-04 | Kabel Allan M. | Partial band reconstruction of frequency channelized filters |
| US20090245329A1 (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2009-10-01 | France Telecom | Spread transmission method with power allocation per user and per symbol |
| US20120269234A1 (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2012-10-25 | Zaichen Zhang | Double-layer multi-carrier ultra-wideband wireless communication method |
| JP2011172013A (ja) * | 2010-02-18 | 2011-09-01 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> | マルチキャリア変調装置及び復調装置 |
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