WO2017106982A1 - Système pour la détection précoce de courts-circuits et de contacts électriques faibles - Google Patents

Système pour la détection précoce de courts-circuits et de contacts électriques faibles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017106982A1
WO2017106982A1 PCT/CL2016/050073 CL2016050073W WO2017106982A1 WO 2017106982 A1 WO2017106982 A1 WO 2017106982A1 CL 2016050073 W CL2016050073 W CL 2016050073W WO 2017106982 A1 WO2017106982 A1 WO 2017106982A1
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Prior art keywords
heat
sensitive
plate
color
bending
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CL2016/050073
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Pablo Andrés SUAREZ LOIRA
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ASESORIAS Y SERVICIOS INNOVAXXION SpA
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ASESORIAS Y SERVICIOS INNOVAXXION SpA
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/06—Detection or inhibition of short circuits in the cell
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/02—Electrodes; Connections thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/12—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a short circuit detection system and a method that allows monitoring of short circuits or weak electrical contacts or electrodes without electrical contact, in the cells of a large-scale real-time refinery. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system formed by a plate whose upper face is painted with a heat-sensitive paint that has the ability to change the color, due to the increase in temperature caused by a short circuit, said plate being placed in the upper portion. of a contact bar of a cathode, which adheres to it through a clamp that has a vent or visor, to be able to observe directly by the crew of inspection operators, whether or not there is a short circuit in any of the cathodes of The electrorefining cell.
  • This system can be automated, by means of a color change monitoring of said plate, through a method that includes normal cameras connected to image processing means, so that the gang is informed of the exact place, where It is producing the short circuit.
  • these short circuits can go from sudden heating of the cathode to even a fire.
  • the procedure is based on a group of workers of 4 or 5 operators (1) have to circulate through the narrow aisles (2) who proceed to remove the cover plastic (3) of a group of electrolytic cells, usually 6 or 8, and proceed to check each electrode (4) one by one with portable thermal cameras to detect which exceed 90 degrees, and that clearly indicates that there is a short circuit.
  • the operators (1) mark the cathode or anode shorted with paint, and withdraw to inspect the next surrounding area with another group of electrolytic cells.
  • a cathode bar (5) is in contact with an electric busbar (8) mounted in a set on the upper wall face of the electrolytic cell (7).
  • the contact area (6) is full, since the cathode bar (5) and the upper end of the electrical distribution bar (8) are in contact. While it is true, that it is possible to have a good contact, sometimes, for example, when the cathodes or anodes are bent there is a contact between them, and therefore, a short circuit that increases the temperature of the cathode bar (5).
  • a cathode bar (5) is shown which is in contact with an electric busbar (8) mounted in a set on the upper wall face of the electrolytic cell (7).
  • Another problem that occurs in the electroobtention and electrorefining plants refers to the fact that some of the cathodes do not make contact, because their bar is bent or the contact is dirty. Therefore, it is also essential to have some means of early detection of a fault of an electrical contact. In this case, contrary to what happens in a short circuit where the temperature rises, when the bar of a cathode is without contact, then its temperature drops to around 45 Q C and is lower than that of the cell and the rest of the electrodes that are located around 65 Q C and more
  • the detectors are mounted on a horizontal bar connected to a car traveling on rails that crosses above a bank of electrolytic cells. This car is connected to the control circuit that allows you to lift the detectors from the electrodes and move on to the next cell automatically if no short circuit is detected at any given time
  • a critical point for the efficient operation of the refining process is the absence of short circuits between the anodes and cathode blanks. Short circuits can occur if the anodes and cathodes are misaligned or if copper deposits in the cathode grow unevenly and in contact with the anode. When short circuits occur, the desired copper coating process is interrupted and the efficiency of electrical use decreases. Consequently, short circuits result in the decrease of the voltage difference across the anodes and cathodes.
  • the Effective operation of the refining process is the absence of open and short circuits between the anodes and cathodes. Open circuits, on the other hand, can occur if there is a bad contact between the power supply and the anodes or cathodes. When the circuits remain open, the efficiency of the use of electrical energy decreases.
  • the system disclosed in this document uses a transmission rate of 76.8 k bits / second or greater; It has a transmission and reception range of approximately 200 feet or more; three or more 10-bit A / D channels; an ambient operating temperature of approximately -10 Q C to 85 Q C; a resolution of the digital temperature sensor of ⁇ 0.0615 Q C or greater; and uses an LED output to communicate data to cell phones, such as cell voltage.
  • a preferred way for signal output is through LED, to communicate the state of the electrolytic cell.
  • the cell voltage which is an important parameter, and that visually indicates to the operators to locate the problem.
  • the cell voltage can be linearly converted to a LED flicker frequency so that a short circuit in an electrolytic cell can easily be identified by a operator, visually comparing the flickering frequency of the various LED outputs.
  • multiple outputs can be used, with different colors representing different sensor conditions, using this type of LED.
  • LED outputs can be used for diagnostic purposes such as transmission monitoring and short circuit identification.
  • audible outputs are also provided to communicate cell data. These types of indicators allow operators to focus the remote efforts of a large population of electrolytic cells, and focus on those electrolytic cells that need more immediate attention.
  • Electrolytic cells have a plurality of anodes and cathodes, which are substantially immersed in the electrolyte and short-circuit conditions caused by physical contact between adjacent electrodes do not rarely develop.
  • the detection of incipient short-circuit conditions in an electrolytic cell is disclosed, by scanning the surface of the cell with an infrared detection apparatus under scanning conditions that allow the detection of thermal anomaly, created by the existence of the short circuit condition.
  • the method and the apparatus are useful for exploring a large number of electrolytic cells found in a power plant.
  • the apparatus comprises a carriage with longitudinal and transverse rails mounted above the cells, for example on the roof of the cell hall, which carry a carriage with infrared sensors and which moves in a programmed manner by over an inspection area of the electrolytic cell building.
  • the electronic circuits located inside the car send a signal to a control room.
  • US 2007/0284262 discloses a method of detecting short circuits and poor contacts in an electrolytic cell.
  • the cell comprises an electrolyte container with at least one pair of anodes and cathodes, the container comprises a lateral inlet of the electrolyte flow and a lateral outlet of the electrolyte flow, communication transmission means and electrical transmission, the method comprising: ( a) passing an electric current of a pre-determined amperage through the cell: (b) measuring the voltage drop in the cell on the inlet side of the electrolyte flow and on the outlet side of the electrolyte flow; (c) compare the electrolyte voltage of the input flow side against the electrolyte voltage of the output flow side, and (d) compare the voltage of the electrolyte input flow and the electrolyte output flow, with respect to a predetermined voltage value.
  • the arrangement comprises an elongated removable hood disposed above an electrolytic extraction cell to capture the acid mist of the electrolytic cell, a plurality of current sensors arranged in the acid mist capture hood in places where, when the hood of Acid mist capture is in a position of use, they are aligned with the locations of the cathode electrodes between a plurality of transverse anode electrodes and a plurality of transverse cathode electrodes, alternately located in the longitudinal direction direction of said electrolytic cell , each of said plurality of current sensors being arranged to measure a direct current flowing in the respective aligned cathode electrode, and means for indicating the cathodic electrodes that cause an unequal distribution of direct current in the electrolytic cell, based on the sensor measurements of current.
  • the indicating means comprise a plurality of alarm indicators, provided in said acid mist capture hood, in locations of said plurality of cathode electrodes to indicate locally whether the electrode or electrodes of the cathodes are causing an unequal distribution of direct current in the electrolytic cell.
  • the indicating means comprise an indicator panel disposed in the capture hood of the acid mist or the electrolytic cell, to indicate and identify any electrode or cathode electrodes, which are causing an uneven direct current situation in the electrolytic cell.
  • the arrangement comprises means for activating said plurality of current sensors with electrical energy through electrically conductive busbars, which are arranged to supply electrical current to said plurality of anode and cathode electrodes in said electrolytic cell.
  • US 5483068 entitled “Use of IR (thermal) imaging for determining cell diagnostics” discloses a method for detecting a defective electrochemical cell, by non-invasive means before assembly in a battery that comprises several cells.
  • the method that detects defective cells by detecting and detecting variations in the intensity level of the infrared radiation emitted from an outer surface of the cell.
  • the exploration and detection is carried out by the emission of infrared detection energy in a range of 2 to 12 ⁇ (microns), which comes from the main surface of the cell. Variations are recorded as a function of geometric variables indicative of the geographical position of the variations.
  • the method for determining a defective electrochemical cell comprises scanning and detecting variations in the intensity level of the infrared radiation emitted from a main outer surface of the cell, coextensive with a main surface of an electrode of said cell, said scanning and detection is carried out by detecting infrared energy in a range of 2 to 2 ⁇ emitted from the outer surface.
  • the method further comprises scanning the outer surface, to detect such variations in the intensity level of the infrared radiation of the outer surface compared to the intensity of the infrared radiation, emitted by an outer main surface of another cell that is not defective and is used as a standard.
  • the method for determining a defective electrochemical cell comprises: a) initially thermally stabilizing the cell to be tested; b) discharge from the cell a current that is relatively constant and varies by no more than about 10% during discharge; c) scanning to detect the infrared response during or immediately after said scan discharge and to detect the variation in the intensity level of the infrared radiation, emitted from a main outer surface of the cell, making it extensive with a main surface of a electrode of said cell, and explore the detection that was carried out by infrared energy in a range of 2 to 12 ⁇ emitted from the outer surface.
  • the anode plates operate as resistant electrical conductors of zinc leaching and a substantial current density of 400-600 amps per square meter is applied.
  • the necessary voltage is 3400 kilowatt hours per ton, of which approximately 1/3 is converted to heat, so that the electrolyte has to be cooled to the optimum bath temperature of 30 Q C to 40 Q C to obtain a better energy efficiency.
  • the cathode sheets capture zinc as a function of the current density at regular intervals, and the zinc coating is mechanically separated from the cathode sheets generally made of aluminum. Due to the narrow arrangement between the anode and the cathode, the aluminum or copper sheets of the latter can cause a number of problems and cause short circuits.
  • thermographic cameras A short leads naturally to an increase in current flow and at a high temperature.
  • the short circuits involved in the anode can overheat in the worst case until destruction. In the latter case, the conductivity of the assembly in the connection is broken, so that the connection of the anode plate is ineffective.
  • the anode plates that remain in the process become stronger and the risk of overheating increases. In any case, here also suffers the overall performance of the recovery of zinc or copper.
  • a thermal camera monitoring is carried out. A certain number of these thermographic cameras are passable and placed in devices that span more than 100 meters.
  • thermochromic paint for example the section of an ear of the lead anode plate, has a color at a certain working temperature, but if it exceeds a predetermined temperature value, an indication of color change will appear for a higher temperature by a certain current flow, and therefore, it may be lower that that lead anode plate may then be suffering a short circuit.
  • the thermochromic paint is used for this purpose, in which the color change is reversible. This means that a color change occurs, it also means that the temperature will also return to the previous value, thereby indicating that the temperature has returned to its normal range.
  • thermochromatic paint After the repair of the lead plate that forms the anode, detecting and repairing the defect, and that the operation of the lead plate in the recovery of zinc or copper, continues unchanged, then the thermochromatic paint has complied with its objective. It is preferred that the thermochromic coating begins to change above 55 Q C, which is significantly higher than the normal operating temperature. On the other hand, it is preferred that this coating also temperature well below 80 Q C, since first negative effects on lead anode plates can already occur. A Particularly preferred temperature envelope is tested, it is around 65 Q C to 70 Q C, especially 68 Q C. Outside and above the zinc leach bath of the anode lead plates, each have a heat sensing element, which is located on a portion of the surface.
  • thermochromic paint is selected so that it changes color at 68 QC . Below this temperature it has a first color, which reaches a relatively low level of attention to an observer. Above the temperature changes that are above the temperature of 68 Q C, the thermochromic paint changes a second state of bright colors, for example, a bright orange color. Therefore, this second color has a higher value for observer attention.
  • the present invention consists of a small plate that adheres to the upper part of the cathode ears, which is fixed to the contact edge, by means of a clamp that has a vent or visor at its top, in order to observe a change of color directly by the crew of inspection workers, if any of the cathodes is short-circuited, or if the anode rod and the electrical support of the cell busbar have no electrical contact, or This is very poor, so it is also necessary to visualize this situation.
  • the plate can be made with a plastic that has a thermochromic or thermosensitive pigment, which changed its normal color to a striking color, when there is a short circuit, or change color when the cathode lowers its temperature.
  • a plate preferably metal, whose upper surface is painted with thermochromic or thermo-sensitive paint, either to detect short circuits, or to detect cathodes that do not have electrical contact, or it is very poor.
  • Thermochromatic pigments can be used within the content of the pellets that are used in the manufacture of plastic parts and designed to change color at a certain temperature.
  • the paint changes from a known base color, to a high contrast color when a short circuit occurs, since the short one raises the temperature of the ear of the cathode in contact over 90 Q C.
  • YES is considered that the normal operating temperature of an electrorefining or electroobtention cell is only 65 Q C, the result will be that the short bar will clearly stand out from the rest of the electrodes, being the only one that changes color to a high contrast one , or, if the temperature drops to 45 Q C, given the signal to the operator that there is a lack of contact, or, this is very weak.
  • the plate can be attached to the cathode ear in different ways, with brackets, clamps or other special mechanical elements, which adhere to the hanging bar, which is usually copper.
  • Another advantage is that the short circuits can be detected with common cameras, such as security cameras, and the entire ship can be monitored in real time. If you also associate an image recognition software that automatically detects the color change, so it will be possible to automate the monitoring and issue an alarm to the shorts correction crew indicating the exact location of the problem. This can be implemented when other acid mist capture systems are used in the cells, such as plastic balls or polyurethane balls, which are placed on the surface of the electrolyte.
  • Pigments for industrial use which can be placed on the pellets to make plastic strips, or heat-sensitive paints, have the property of changing color according to the temperature at which they are exposed and can be manufactured to have specific colors and change from coloration at a defined temperature, for example at 90 degrees which is the temperature that indicates the start of a short circuit. Thanks to this property, the cover can cover the cells in production and maintain a known regular color (for example, white) with operating temperatures of the cell, between 65 to 80 Q C. If a short circuit occurs, the exact place where it occurs, it will rapidly change color, for example, to a bright red, since under the cover the area where the cathode is in short circuit, the temperature will rise rapidly to 90 Q C or more, while the rest of the surface will remain white.
  • a known regular color for example, white
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that the short circuits can be detected with common cameras, such as security cameras, and the entire electrolytic cell spacecraft can be monitored in real time, provided they have translucent covering means, or, As it is mainly used in electroobtention, balls on the surface of the electrolyte to prevent the emanation of acid mist from the environment. If an image recognition software is associated with common cameras, that automatically detects the change of color, it will be possible to automate an alarm to the operators, who will now only be dedicated to correct short circuits indicating the exact location of the problem. Therefore, the present invention also proposes a method for the control of short circuits, in the aforementioned cases.
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a ship of electrolytic cells, where one of the operators is lifting the cover to detect whether or not there is a short circuit and in what specific place.
  • Figure 3 shows a sectional side view of a cathode bar that is making contact with the current transmitter bar, but that could be making a short circuit, with one of the adjacent anodes.
  • Figure 4 shows a sectional side view of a cathode bar that is not making contact with the current transmitter bar, affecting the electrical propagation of the rest of the cell electrodes.
  • FIG. 5a shows a perspective view of the thermosensitive plate, which is used in the system of the present invention.
  • Figure 5b shows a perspective view of two modalities of heat-sensitive plates, which are used in the system of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 shows a bottom perspective view of a first embodiment of the system of the present invention where the plate is formed of a plastic material, which has heat sensitive pigments.
  • Figure 7 shows a top perspective view of a first embodiment of the system of the present invention wherein the plate is formed of a plastic material, which has heat sensitive pigments.
  • Figure 8 shows a bottom perspective view of a first embodiment of the system of the present invention wherein the plate is formed by a heat conducting material having a layer of paint on its upper surface, containing heat sensitive pigments.
  • Figure 9 shows a top perspective view of a first embodiment of the system of the present invention in which the plate is formed by a heat conducting material having a layer of paint on its upper surface, which contains heat sensitive pigments.
  • Figure 10 shows a front view in section and its corresponding side view with the cutting lines, of a first embodiment of the system of the present invention, mounted on a cathode bar.
  • Figure 1 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the system of the present invention and the cathode bar where it will be installed.
  • Figure 12 shows a top exploded perspective view of a first mode of the system of the present invention, where two systems, one for short-circuit and non-contact detection, in addition to the cathode bar where they will be installed.
  • Figure 13 shows a top perspective view of a first embodiment of the system of the present invention, where two systems, one for short-circuit and non-contact detection, are installed in the cathode bar.
  • Figure 14 shows a top perspective view of a second embodiment of the system of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 shows a top perspective view of a third embodiment of the system of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 shows a top perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the system of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 shows a top perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the system of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 shows a top perspective view of a metal electro-obtaining cell using one of the embodiments of the system of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 shows a schematic view of the elements used, automatic monitoring and real time, in the types of cells shown in Figure 18.
  • the present invention relates to a system for detecting short circuits and weak electrical contacts or electrodes without electrical contact, by changing the colors of heat sensitive pigments.
  • the system consists of a plate that changes color when the temperature in the contact bar of the cathode increases by a value close to 90 Q C due to a short circuit, or it changes to a certain color, when the temperature drops around 45-C due to a bad electrical contact or that the cathode rod is without electrical contact.
  • the plate is positioned on the upper face of the cathode bar and is fixed through fixing means, such as enclosures, clamps or other mechanical fasteners.
  • the present invention proposes to place on the upper face of the cathode bar ( 5) a plate (10) that allows to detect these problems through the color change in it.
  • the plate (10a) is made up of a plastic that contains heat-sensitive particles, or the plate can be made of a good heat-conducting material, such as a metal, whose upper face has a film with paint heat sensitive
  • a good heat-conducting material such as a metal
  • the plate can be made of a good heat-conducting material, such as a metal, whose upper face has a film with paint heat sensitive
  • thermosensitive plate (10) to the cathode bar (5).
  • the fixing means (12) is formed by a closed housing (12a) having a recessed body (1 1) that wraps around the cathode bar (5) both on its lateral faces, lower face and upper face, leaving a central cavity (16) that crosses said closed housing (12a), from its front face towards its rear face, said central cavity (16) having a clearance to fit both the cathode bar (5), such as the heat-sensitive plate (10).
  • the heat-sensitive plate (10) is placed on the cathode bar (5), close to the cathode sheet (9).
  • the lower wall has a lower perforation (17), usually threaded, to accommodate a screw (15), which is tightened to fix The housing and the plate.
  • the closed housing (12a) has on the upper face of the hollowed body, an upper hollow (14), smaller in contour than the heat-sensitive plate (10 ), so that it becomes a viewer.
  • a translucent plate (13) that can be made of glass, translucent plastic, translucent polycarbonate or the like, to protect the plate from said environment.
  • Figures 8 and 9 are similar to Figures 6 and 7, where the same previous modality is shown, but where the plate is a metal plate painted with heat-sensitive paint (10b), which is the second type of plate The present invention.
  • FIG 14 a second embodiment of the invention is shown in which the fixing means (12) is formed by a lateral housing (18), in which it has a hollowed and open lateral body (19), wherein a from its side walls it has been removed, to leave it independently, as a removable side wall (20).
  • the The housing has an upper window (14), to visualize the color change in the heat-sensitive plate (10).
  • a translucent plate (13) that can be made of glass, translucent plastic, translucent polycarbonate or the like, to protect the plate from said environment.
  • the side housing (18) is mounted on the side of the cathode bar (5), ensuring that the heat-sensitive plate (10) is adjusted and aligned with the upper window (14).
  • the removable side wall (20) is passed through the upper groove (21), until it meets the edge of the lower floor (22) of the hollowed and open side body (19).
  • the screw (15) is introduced into the side hole (17), which usually has a thread, and then, said screw (15) is tightened until the entire system is fixed.
  • FIG. 15 A third embodiment is shown in Figure 15, wherein the fixing means (12) is formed by an upper housing (23), in which it has a hollowed and open lower body (24), where its lower wall has been removed, to leave it independently, as a removable bottom wall (25).
  • the housing has an upper window (14), to visualize the color change in the heat-sensitive plate (10).
  • a translucent plate (13) that It may consist of glass, translucent plastic, translucent polycarbonate or the like, to protect the plate from said environment.
  • the upper housing (23) is placed on said cathode bar (5) and lowers until the heat-sensitive plate (10) is contacted, making sure that it is tight and aligned with the upper window (14).
  • the removable bottom wall (25) is passed through the lower side groove (26), until it meets the lower side edge (27) of the hollowed and open lower body side wall (24 ).
  • the screw (15) is introduced into the lower hole (17), which usually has a thread, and then, said screw (15) is tightened until the entire system is fixed.
  • a fourth embodiment is shown in Figure 16, where the heat-sensitive plate has a rear extension (50) and a front extension (51), which contain a first rear slot (28) and a second front slot (29), for receiving the fixing means (12).
  • the fixing means (12) are formed by a first rear clamp (52) that fits into the first rear groove (28) and by a second front clamp (53) that fits into the groove (29).
  • the first rear clamp (52) is formed by a plate that has the same width as the first rear groove (28) and a thickness equal to the depth of the first rear groove (28).
  • the first rear clamp (52) is formed by said folded plate, it has an upper rear open side portion (38), bending to form a rear upper portion (30), bending to form a rear continuous side portion (36), bending to forming a rear floor portion (37), bending to form a lower rear open side portion (39). From the upper rear open side portion (38) emerges perpendicularly thereto a rear upper projection (33) having a upper rear central perforation (54), and from the lower rear open lateral portion (39), emerges perpendicular to This is a lower rear projection (32) having a lower central rear perforation (44).
  • first rear clamp (52) To tighten the first rear clamp (52), it is necessary that the upper rear portion (30) be placed in the first rear groove (28), and after that, the rear screw (46) is passed through the upper rear central perforation (54) and the lower rear central perforation (44), being tightened using the rear nut (48).
  • the entire first rear clamp (52) wraps the heat-sensitive plate (10) and the cathode bar (5), thus generating a first fixation in this mode.
  • the second front clamp (53) is formed by a plate that has the same width as the first front groove (29) and a thickness equal to the depth of the first front groove (29).
  • the second front clamp (53) is formed by said folded plate, it has an upper front open side portion (40), bending to form a front upper portion (31), bending to form a front continuous side portion (42), bending to form a front floor portion (43), bending to form a lower front open side portion (41). From the lower front open side portion (41) emerges perpendicularly thereto a front upper projection (34) having a central perforation (54), and from the lower front open side portion (41), emerges perpendicular to it a lower front projection (41) having a central perforation (55).
  • the second front clamp (53) To tighten the second front clamp (53), it is necessary that the upper front portion (31) be placed in the second front groove (29), and then the front screw (47) is passed through the upper front central perforation (45) and the lower front central perforation (45), being tightened using the front nut (49).
  • the entire second front clamp (53) wraps the heat-sensitive plate (10) and the cathode bar (5), thus generating a second fixation in this fourth mode.
  • a fifth embodiment is shown in Figure 17, where the heat-sensitive plate has a rear extension (50) and a front extension (51), which contain a first rear slot (28) and a second front slot (29), for receiving the fixing means (12).
  • the fixing means are formed by a first rear clamp (52) that fits in the first rear groove (28) and by a second clamp (53) that fits in the groove (29).
  • the first rear clamp (52) is formed by a plate that has the same width as the first rear groove (28) and a thickness equal to the depth of the first rear groove (28).
  • the first rear clamp (52) is formed by said folded plate, it has an upper rear open side portion (38), bending to form a rear upper portion (30), bending to form a rear continuous side portion (36), bending to forming a rear floor portion (37), bending to form a lower rear open side portion (39).
  • the second front clamp (53) is formed by a plate that has the same width as the first front groove (29) and a thickness equal to the depth of the first front groove (29).
  • the second front clamp (53) is formed by said folded plate, it has an upper front open side portion (40), bending to form a front upper portion (31), bending to form a continuous front side portion (42), bending to forming a front floor portion (43), bending to form a lower front open side portion (41).
  • a first upper perpendicular projection (56) emerges perpendicular thereto having a superior central perforation (57).
  • a second lower perpendicular projection (58) having a superior central perforation (57).
  • the present invention proposes a monitoring method, which uses the thermosensitive plate systems (10) and their fixing means, installed the cathode bars (5).
  • the heat-sensitive plates (10) are placed on the cathode bars (5), fixed by a closed housing (12a) having a window (14), which are being monitored by at least one Conventional video camera (62), which transmits the image to a control center, where there is a computer (63) that acts as a monitor to display the images captured by the video camera (7).
  • a surveillance operator in the control center being in front of the computer (63), can notice that a short circuit is being generated by the color change from "N" to "A" of a heat-sensitive plate (10) that is in a certain cathode bar (5).
  • This surveillance operator can warn the plant operator (1) by radio, informing the specific place where the short circuit is taking place, so that the actions tending to change the electrodes (4) of a certain electrolytic cell (7) are taken. .

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système pour la détection précoce de courts-circuits et de contacts électriques faibles ou sans contact électrique au niveau des électrodes (4) de cellules électrolytiques (7) d'électro-obtention ou électro-raffinage de métaux, ladite détection étant effectuée par le changement de couleurs d'un des éléments du système, qui utilise des pigments thermosensibles. Ledit système comprend: un moyen détecteur de changement de température, formé d'une plaque (10) qui utilise des pigments thermosensibles, laquelle est localisée sur une barre de cathode (5), ladite plaque thermosensible passant d'une couleur « N » de fonctionnement normal de la cellule électrolytique (7) à une couleur « A » avec l'augmentation de la température, ou bien, ladite plaque qui utilise des pigments thermosensibles qui passe d'une couleur « N » de fonctionnement normal de la cellule électrolytique (7) à une couleur « B » avec la diminution de la température; et un moyen de fixation (12) pour fixer ladite plaque thermosensible (10) sur ladite barre de cathode (5). L'invention concerne également un procédé associé.
PCT/CL2016/050073 2015-12-21 2016-12-19 Système pour la détection précoce de courts-circuits et de contacts électriques faibles Ceased WO2017106982A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CL3691-2015 2015-12-21
CL2015003691A CL2015003691A1 (es) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Un sistema para la detección temprana de cortocircuitos y contactos eléctricos débiles

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WO2017106982A1 true WO2017106982A1 (fr) 2017-06-29

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CL (1) CL2015003691A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017106982A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113388861A (zh) * 2021-06-10 2021-09-14 阳光电源股份有限公司 电解槽系统、制氢系统和制氢电源及其输出对地短路检测电路
CN113892161A (zh) * 2019-05-30 2022-01-04 施耐德电气美国股份有限公司 用于低压连接的热致变色温度指示

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005005819B3 (de) * 2005-02-08 2006-03-02 Jl Goslar Gmbh Bleianode, insbesondere für die Abscheidung von Zink aus Zinklauge, und Anordnung zur Gewinnung von Zink aus Zinklauge
US20080063026A1 (en) * 2006-09-12 2008-03-13 Roche Richard M Thermochromic washer for monitoring performance or integrity of electrical connections
WO2011089544A2 (fr) * 2010-01-20 2011-07-28 Brian Katz Composant de connecteur destiné à être utilisé dans des systèmes de transmission d'énergie
US20130014690A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2013-01-17 Nichiyu Giken Kogyo Co., Ltd. Temperature management indicator and structure having the same attached

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005005819B3 (de) * 2005-02-08 2006-03-02 Jl Goslar Gmbh Bleianode, insbesondere für die Abscheidung von Zink aus Zinklauge, und Anordnung zur Gewinnung von Zink aus Zinklauge
US20080063026A1 (en) * 2006-09-12 2008-03-13 Roche Richard M Thermochromic washer for monitoring performance or integrity of electrical connections
WO2011089544A2 (fr) * 2010-01-20 2011-07-28 Brian Katz Composant de connecteur destiné à être utilisé dans des systèmes de transmission d'énergie
US20130014690A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2013-01-17 Nichiyu Giken Kogyo Co., Ltd. Temperature management indicator and structure having the same attached

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113892161A (zh) * 2019-05-30 2022-01-04 施耐德电气美国股份有限公司 用于低压连接的热致变色温度指示
CN113388861A (zh) * 2021-06-10 2021-09-14 阳光电源股份有限公司 电解槽系统、制氢系统和制氢电源及其输出对地短路检测电路
CN113388861B (zh) * 2021-06-10 2022-04-08 阳光电源股份有限公司 电解槽系统、制氢系统和制氢电源及其输出对地短路检测电路

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