WO2017107436A1 - Séparateur d'accumulateur au lithium-ion composite portant un revêtement, et son procédé de préparation - Google Patents

Séparateur d'accumulateur au lithium-ion composite portant un revêtement, et son procédé de préparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017107436A1
WO2017107436A1 PCT/CN2016/088411 CN2016088411W WO2017107436A1 WO 2017107436 A1 WO2017107436 A1 WO 2017107436A1 CN 2016088411 W CN2016088411 W CN 2016088411W WO 2017107436 A1 WO2017107436 A1 WO 2017107436A1
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Prior art keywords
coating
aramid
pvdf
separator
ion battery
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邵培苓
武跃
于中彬
孙卫佳
赵中雷
王庆通
庄浩然
韩宏哲
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Cangzhou Mingzhu Separator Technology Co ltd
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Cangzhou Mingzhu Separator Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/443Particulate material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/457Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/489Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
    • H01M50/491Porosity
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lithium ion battery technology, in particular to an aramid and PVDF composite lithium ion battery separator and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of batteries.
  • the composition of the lithium ion battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and an electrolyte.
  • the separator is one of the four major materials of a lithium ion battery, and although it does not participate in the electrochemical reaction in the battery, it is a key inner layer component in the lithium battery.
  • the key properties of battery capacity, cycle performance and charge and discharge current density are directly related to the diaphragm.
  • the safety of the diaphragm is an important factor affecting the safety of lithium-ion batteries.
  • large-scale commercialized lithium-ion battery separators are mainly made of polyolefin.
  • the aramid coated separator has the advantages of high temperature resistance, high energy density, excellent wettability and long service life, and has been widely concerned by the industry. It has been reported in the literature that aramid fiber is dissolved in an organic solvent and subjected to separator coating, and pure water is used as a coagulation bath to prepare an aramid-coated separator. This method reduces the drying time of the wet film and improves the coating and the base film. Bonding properties and environmental friendliness.
  • the existing diaphragm coating methods mainly include gravure coating, narrow slit coating, dip coating and spray coating, wherein the dip coating can realize simultaneous double coating, and other methods are Single single side coating.
  • the secondary coating process enters
  • the organic solvent in the pure water coagulation bath is easy to cause the dissolution and destruction of the first coating of the aramid coating, causing the coated membrane to be blocked or non-porous, so when using a single-side coating method and using a coagulation bath method It is difficult to operate when preparing a double-sided coated aramid membrane, and the film formation is difficult to control.
  • PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) coated lithium ion battery separator is based on traditional diaphragm Specially treated surfaces are coated with PVDF materials. Compared with the ordinary diaphragm, the PVDF coated diaphragm has good wettability and liquid retention property to the electrolyte, can effectively bond the separator and the pole piece, increase the cycle performance of the battery, and significantly improve the safety of the battery.
  • the coating technology of the existing lithium ion battery PVDF diaphragm generally adopts an oil coating process, and the oil coating process mostly uses acetone as a solvent. The acetone is flammable, explosive, and has great harm to the human body, and is stored in the production process.
  • acetone is the raw material for the manufacture of ice, and its use is strictly controlled by the relevant departments.
  • the coating made of an oily solvent such as acetone after the surface coating of the separator, the oil slurry and the separator material have good compatibility, and the slurry penetrates into the micropores of the base film, resulting in a large loss of gas permeability. It is easy to cause the diaphragm to block the hole, affecting the battery performance, reducing the effective use space of the positive and negative materials in the battery, and limiting the battery capacity and performance.
  • the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a composite lithium which has good thermal and mechanical properties, long cycle life, good wettability and liquid retention to electrolyte, high safety and low environmental pollution. Ion battery separator.
  • the present invention also provides a method of preparing the composite lithium ion battery separator.
  • a composite lithium ion battery separator comprising a base film and an aramid coating applied to one side of the base film and a PVDF coating applied to the other side of the base film, the aramid coating being composed of an aramid paste After coating, immersing in water and drying, the coating thickness is 0.5-4 ⁇ m; the PVDF coating is obtained by coating and drying the aqueous PVDF slurry, and the coating thickness is 0.1-2 ⁇ m.
  • the aqueous PVDF slurry contains 1-10% by weight of a binder, the balance being deionized water, and the binder is composed of the following parts by mass, PVDF resin powder 65- 85 parts, 3-10 parts of aqueous binder, 1.5-5 parts of surfactant, and 8-20 parts of triethyl phosphate dispersant.
  • the PVDF resin powder is a vinylidene fluoride homopolymer or a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, and has a particle diameter of 100-150 nm; and the aqueous binder is butylbenzene.
  • the surfactant is a fluoroalkyl methoxy ether alcohol, a fluoroalkyl ethoxy ether alcohol, a mixture of one or more of a polyoxyethylene alkylamide, a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
  • the aramid pulp is composed of the following parts by mass: 3-8 parts of aramid fiber, 60-80 parts of the first solvent, 8-25 parts of the second solvent, and 3-5 solvent Parts, 0.5-1 parts of polyoxyethylene dispersant, 0.5-2.5 parts of emulsifier, and 1-2 parts of polymer binder.
  • the cosolvent is one or a combination of calcium chloride, potassium hydroxide, lithium chloride and pyridine;
  • the polyoxyethylene dispersant is a powder having a particle size of 200 mesh, and the molecular weight is 10-100 million;
  • the first solvent is one of NMP, DMSO, DMF or DMAC;
  • the second solvent is one of ethyl acetate, isopropanol, dichloromethane or triethyl phosphate or Several combinations;
  • the emulsifier is one or a combination of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate or polyacrylamide;
  • the polymer binder is a vinyl pyrrolidone and a vinyl acetate copolymer;
  • the rayon fiber is one or more combinations of meta-aramid fiber, para-aramid fiber, meta-aramid pulp, and para-aramid pulp.
  • the molecular weight of the aramid fiber is 0.5-100,000.
  • the base film is a polyethylene separator, a polypropylene separator, a polypropylene/polyethylene/polypropylene composite separator, a polyimide separator, a polyvinylidene fluoride separator, a polyethylene nonwoven membrane, One of a polypropylene nonwoven fabric separator and a polyimide nonwoven fabric separator, the base film has a thickness of 5 to 40 ⁇ m and a porosity of 30 to 60%.
  • a method of preparing a composite lithium ion battery separator comprising the steps of:
  • a, preparing aramid pulp according to the ratio of the composition of the composition of the aramid pulp, the proportion of the first solvent and the cosolvent stirred and dissolved, slowly and evenly added the proportion of polyoxyethylene dispersant, Stirring while adding, after the polyoxyethylene dispersant is completely dissolved, adding aramid fiber, heating in a boiling water bath, stirring until completely dissolved, to obtain a solution of aramid fiber; mixing the second solvent and emulsifier in a proportion, dispersing Uniform, together with the proportion of the polymer binder is added to the aramid fiber solution, and uniformly dispersed to obtain an aramid pulp;
  • aqueous PVDF slurry Preparation of aqueous PVDF slurry: Weigh each material constituting the aqueous PVDF slurry according to the ratio, take a proportion of dispersant, deionized water, and mix the two, heat at 50 ° C -70 ° C, stir for 10-30 minutes Then, adding a proportion of PVDF resin powder, grinding for 1-2 hours to obtain a PVDF dispersion; adding a proportion of the aqueous binder and surfactant to the PVDF dispersion, stirring uniformly, and using a 400 mesh stainless steel sieve Mesh filtration to obtain an aqueous PVDF slurry;
  • step c coating of aramid pulp: the aramid slurry prepared in step a is coated on one side of the base film, immersed in water for 3-15 s, and dried to obtain a single-sided aramid coated separator;
  • aqueous PVDF slurry prepared in step b is coated on the uncoated side of the above-mentioned single-sided aramid coated separator, and dried to prepare a composite lithium ion battery separator.
  • the above method for preparing a PVDF coated lithium ion battery separator is one of gravure coating, narrow slit coating, dip coating or spray coating.
  • the present invention has the following main advantages:
  • the separator of the aramid and PVDF composite lithium ion battery of the invention replaces the aramid coating on one side with the PVDF coating compared with the conventional double-sided coated aramid diaphragm, thereby avoiding the use of gravure coating and narrow slit.
  • Single-sided one-side coating method such as coating or spray coating, and the use of the coagulation bath method to prepare a double-sided coated aramid membrane is difficult to control film formation.
  • the composite separator has good thermal and mechanical properties of the aramid coating, and has a PVDF coating which has good wettability and liquid retention property for the electrolyte, can effectively bond the battery and the pole piece, and has little environmental pollution. The characteristics are favorable for preparing lithium ion batteries with longer cycle life and higher safety.
  • the PVDF coating of the present invention is obtained by coating and drying the aqueous PVDF slurry, and the conventional PVDF coated lithium ion battery separator is used as a solvent in the conventional process of using an oily substance such as acetone as a solvent.
  • the production process is environmentally friendly and safe; in addition, water as a solvent can greatly reduce production costs and facilitate industrial production.
  • triethyl phosphate is selected as a dispersing agent. Triethyl phosphate is added as an intermediate medium between water and PVDF.
  • triethyl phosphate When triethyl phosphate is hydrolyzed to form diethyl phosphate and ethanol, a large amount of hydroxyl groups are formed around the PVDF molecules, so that PVDF is well dispersed in water, effectively improving PVDF. Adhesiveness, while improving the cracking phenomenon caused by the evaporation of water during the drying process. In addition, triethyl phosphate is inexpensive, simple to operate, reduces production costs, and is advantageous for industrial production.
  • the separator of the present invention has good gas permeability, liquid absorption rate, heat shrinkage, and tensile strength.
  • the preparation of a lithium ion battery by the separator of the present invention can significantly improve the cycle life of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite lithium ion battery separator of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a lithium ion battery prepared by the composite lithium ion battery separator of the present invention separated from the double coated aramid fiber.
  • the figures are as follows: 1, PVDF coating, 2, base film, 3, aramid coating.
  • a composite lithium ion battery separator of the present invention is composed of a base film 2 and an aramid coating 3 coated on one side of the base film and a PVDF coating 1 on the other side.
  • the aramid coating is obtained by coating, immersing and drying the aramid pulp, and the coating thickness is 0.5-4 ⁇ m;
  • the PVDF coating is obtained by coating and drying the aqueous PVDF coating slurry.
  • the coating thickness is 0.1-2 ⁇ m.
  • the above aramid coating is formed by immersing the base film after coating the aramid pulp, and forming a porous aramid coating by mass transfer; the formation of the PVDF coating is formed by uniformly dispersing PVDF resin particles in water.
  • the slurry, after coating, is heated to volatilize the water, and the remaining solid particles are stacked together in a layered arrangement, and the gap between the particles and the particles is pored to form a final PVDF coating.
  • the aqueous PVDF coating slurry replaces a commonly used oil solvent with water as a dispersion medium. Structurally, due to the symmetric distribution of fluorine atoms on the PVDF molecular chain, the surface energy of the material is low, hydrophobic, and difficult to disperse in water. At the same time, PVDF does not have a hydrophilic group, and it must have permanent stability. Hydrophilic polar groups such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, and an amino group are introduced into the surface.
  • the invention uses triethyl phosphate as a dispersing agent, and when it is hydrolyzed, it can produce diethyl phosphate and ethanol, and the molecular structure of diethyl phosphate and ethanol both contain hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, and also contains lipophilic ester groups and Hydrocarbyl group.
  • the ester group and the hydrocarbon group are adsorbed on the surface of the PVDF particles, which reduces the interfacial tension between PVDF and water, and makes the surface of the PVDF particles easy to wet.
  • the aqueous PVDF slurry of the present invention contains 1-10% of a binder, and the balance is deionized water.
  • the base material is composed of the following parts by mass: 65-85 parts of PVDF resin powder, 3-10 parts of aqueous binder, 1.5-5 parts of surfactant, and 8-20 parts of triethyl phosphate dispersant.
  • the PVDF resin powder is a vinylidene fluoride homopolymer or one of a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, having a particle diameter of 100-150 nm;
  • the water-based adhesive is styrene-butadiene latex, styrene-acrylic latex, pure benzene latex, polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate.
  • the surfactant is a fluoroalkyl methoxy ether alcohol, a fluoroalkyl ethoxy ether alcohol, a polyoxyethylene alkyl amide, a fatty alcohol polyoxygen a mixture of one or more of vinyl ethers.
  • the aramid pulp of the present invention is composed of the following parts by mass: 3-8 parts of aramid fiber, 60-80 parts of the first solvent, 8-25 parts of the second solvent, 3-5 parts of the cosolvent, polyoxyethylene 0.5-1 parts of dispersant, 0.5-2.5 parts of emulsifier, and 1-2 parts of polymer binder.
  • the cosolvent is one or more of calcium chloride, potassium hydroxide, lithium chloride and pyridine;
  • the dispersant is a polyethylene oxide powder having a particle size of 200 mesh, and has a molecular weight of 10 to 1,000,000;
  • One solvent is one of NMP, DMSO, DMF or DMAC;
  • the second solvent is one or more of ethyl acetate, isopropanol, dichloromethane or triethyl phosphate;
  • the emulsifier is One or more of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate or polyacrylamide;
  • the polymer binder is a vinylpyrrolidone and a vinyl acetate copolymer;
  • the aramid fiber is a meta-aramid fiber, One or more combinations of aramid fibers, meta-aramid pulp, and para-aramid pulp, the molecular weight of the aramid fibers is from 0.5 to 100,000.
  • the base film of the present invention is a polyethylene separator, a polypropylene separator, a polypropylene/polyethylene/polypropylene composite separator, a polyimide separator, a polyvinylidene fluoride separator, a polyethylene nonwoven membrane, a polypropylene nonwoven fabric.
  • One of the separator and the polyimide nonwoven fabric separator has a base film thickness of 5 to 40 ⁇ m and a porosity of 30 to 60%.
  • the preparation method of the composite lithium ion battery separator of the invention is as follows:
  • a, preparing aramid pulp according to the ratio of the composition of the composition of the aramid pulp, the proportion of the first solvent and the cosolvent stirred and dissolved, slowly and evenly added the proportion of polyoxyethylene dispersant, Stirring while adding, after the polyoxyethylene dispersant is completely dissolved, adding aramid fiber, heating in a boiling water bath, stirring until completely dissolved, to obtain a solution of aramid fiber; mixing the second solvent and emulsifier in a proportion, dispersing Uniform, together with the proportion of the polymer binder is added to the aramid fiber solution, and uniformly dispersed to obtain an aramid pulp;
  • aqueous PVDF slurry Preparation of aqueous PVDF slurry: Weigh each material constituting the aqueous PVDF slurry according to the ratio, take a ratio of triethyl phosphate dispersant, deionized water, and mix the mixture, heat at 50 ° C -70 ° C, stir After 10-30 minutes, a proportion of PVDF resin powder is added and ground for 1-2 hours to obtain a PVDF dispersion; Adding a proportion of the aqueous binder and surfactant to the PVDF dispersion, stirring uniformly, and filtering with a 400 mesh stainless steel mesh to obtain an aqueous PVDF slurry;
  • step c coating of aramid pulp: the aramid slurry prepared in step a is coated on one side of the base film, immersed in water for 3-15 s, and dried to obtain a single-sided aramid coated separator;
  • aqueous PVDF slurry prepared in step b is coated on the uncoated side of the above-mentioned single-sided aramid coated separator, and dried to prepare a composite lithium ion battery separator.
  • the coating method is one of gravure coating, slit coating, dip coating or spray coating.
  • aramid pulp weigh 0.7kg of meta-aramid fiber with a molecular weight of 80-100,000, 6kg of first solvent DMAC, 2.5kg of second solvent dichloromethane, 0.4kg of auxiliary solvent lithium chloride, molecular weight 40 -500,000 polyethylene oxide dispersant 0.05 kg, emulsifier polyvinyl alcohol powder 0.25 kg, polymer binder vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate copolymer 0.1 kg.
  • aqueous PVDF slurry 6.5 kg of a vinylidene fluoride homopolymer, 0.8 kg of triethyl phosphate, 792 kg of deionized water, 0.55 kg of polyvinyl alcohol, and 0.15 kg of polyoxyethylene alkylamide were weighed. After uniformly mixing both triethyl phosphate and deionized water, stirring with a magnetic heating stirrer for 10 minutes, heating to 50 ° C to prepare a mixture 1; taking a vinylidene fluoride homopolymer into the mixture 1 and grinding for 1 hour to obtain a mixture 2. Adding polyvinyl alcohol and polyoxyethylene alkyl amide to the mixture 2, stirring uniformly, and filtering with a 400 mesh stainless steel mesh to obtain an aqueous PVDF slurry.
  • aramid pulp a polypropylene separator with a thickness of 12 ⁇ m was selected, and the porosity was 40%.
  • the aramid slurry prepared in step a was applied to one side of the separator by gravure coating.
  • the cloth speed is 8m/min, and the water is immersed for 10s.
  • the drying is performed in a three-stage oven. The oven temperatures are 50°C, 60°C and 65°C respectively. After drying, a single-sided aramid coated diaphragm is obtained.
  • aqueous PVDF slurry prepared in step b is applied to the side of the above-mentioned single-sided aramid coated separator uncoated with aramid coating by gravure coating, and coated.
  • the rate was 25m/min; the drying was carried out in a three-stage oven, and the oven temperatures were 40 ° C, 50 ° C, and 45 ° C, respectively, and dried to obtain a PVDF composite lithium ion battery separator.
  • the composite lithium ion battery separator has a thickness of 15.1 ⁇ m, an aramid coating thickness of 3 ⁇ m, and a PVDF coating thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • aramid pulp weigh 0.3kg of para-aramid fiber with a molecular weight of 0.5-2 million, 8kg of first solvent NMP, 1.5kg of second solvent isopropanol, 0.5kg of helper pyridine, molecular weight 10-30 0.1 kg of polyoxyethylene dispersant, 0.2 kg of emulsifier sodium polyacrylate powder, 0.1 kg of polymer binder vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate copolymer.
  • aqueous PVDF slurry 8.5 kg of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene copolymer, 1.8 kg of triethyl phosphate, 105.3 kg of deionized water, 1 kg of styrene-butadiene latex, and fluoroalkyl methoxyether alcohol 0.4.
  • aramid pulp a polyethylene separator with a thickness of 20 ⁇ m was selected, and the porosity was 38%.
  • the aramid slurry prepared in the step a was applied to one side of the separator by a narrow slit coating method. The coating rate was 15 m/min, and the water was immersed for 3 s.
  • the drying was carried out in a three-stage oven. The oven temperatures were 55 ° C, 60 ° C, and 50 ° C, respectively. After drying, a single-sided aramid coated separator was obtained.
  • aqueous PVDF slurry prepared in step b is applied to the side of the above-mentioned single-sided aramid coated separator uncoated with aramid coating by gravure coating, and coated. Rate is 20m/min; using a three-stage oven for drying, the oven temperature of each stage is 60 ° C, 70 ° C, 65 ° C, respectively, after drying to obtain a PVDF composite lithium ion battery separator.
  • the composite lithium ion battery separator has a thickness of 22.5 ⁇ m, an aramid coating thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m, and a PVDF coating thickness of 2 ⁇ m.
  • aramid pulp 0.8kg of meta-aramid fiber with molecular weight of 50,000-80,000, 6.8kg of first solvent DMF, 1.5kg of second solvent dichloromethane, 0.47kg of potassium hydroxide as cosolvent, molecular weight 0.06 kg of a polyethylene oxide dispersant of 0.6-700,000, 0.15 kg of an emulsifier polyvinyl alcohol powder, and 0.2 kg of a polymer binder vinylpyrrolidone and a vinyl acetate copolymer.
  • aqueous PVDF slurry 7 kg of vinylidene fluoride homopolymer, 1.5 kg of triethyl phosphate, 216 kg of deionized water, 0.3 kg of polyvinyl acetate, and 0.2 kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether were weighed. After uniformly mixing both triethyl phosphate and deionized water, stirring was carried out for 20 minutes using a magnetic heating stirrer, and heating was carried out to 70 ° C to prepare a mixture 1; a vinylidene fluoride homopolymer was added to the mixture 1 and ground for 1.5 hours to obtain a mixture. 2. Adding polyvinyl acetate and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the mixture 2, stirring uniformly, and filtering with a 400 mesh stainless steel mesh to obtain an aqueous PVDF slurry.
  • aramid pulp a polypropylene separator with a thickness of 40 ⁇ m was selected, and the porosity was 60%.
  • the aramid slurry prepared in step a was applied to one side of the separator by spray coating.
  • the cloth speed is 5m/min, and the water is immersed for 15s.
  • the drying is performed in a three-stage oven. The oven temperatures are 55°C, 65°C and 60°C, respectively. After drying, a single-sided aramid coated diaphragm is obtained.
  • aqueous PVDF slurry prepared in step b is applied to the side of the above-mentioned one-side aramid coated separator uncoated with aramid coating by a narrow slit coating method, and coated.
  • the cloth speed was 20m/min; the drying was carried out in a three-stage oven, and the oven temperatures were 45 ° C, 55 ° C, and 50 ° C, respectively, and the PVDF composite lithium ion battery separator was obtained after drying.
  • the composite lithium ion battery separator has a thickness of 44.5 ⁇ m, an aramid coating thickness of 4 ⁇ m, and a PVDF coating thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • aramid pulp weigh 0.55kg of meta-aramid pulp with a molecular weight of 60,000-80,000, 6.75kg of first solvent DMSO, 2.03kg of second solvent ethyl acetate, 0.35kg of calcium chloride as auxiliary solvent, 0.07 kg of a polyethylene oxide dispersant having a molecular weight of 500,000 to 600,000, 0.05 kg of an emulsifier polyacrylamide powder, and 0.15 kg of a polymer binder vinylpyrrolidone and a vinyl acetate copolymer.
  • aqueous PVDF slurry weigh 7.5kg of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene copolymer, 1.3kg of triethyl phosphate, 178.6kg of deionized water, 0.4kg of polyethyl acrylate, 0.2kg of polyoxyethylene alkylamide .
  • aramid pulp a polyethylene separator with a thickness of 5 ⁇ m was selected, and the porosity was 30%.
  • the aramid slurry prepared in step a was applied to one side of the separator by gravure coating.
  • the cloth speed is 12m/min, and the water is immersed for 5s.
  • the drying is carried out in a three-stage oven. The oven temperatures are 50°C, 65°C and 60°C respectively. After drying, a single-sided aramid coated diaphragm is obtained.
  • aqueous PVDF slurry prepared in step b is applied to the side of the above-mentioned single-sided aramid coated separator uncoated with aramid coating by spray coating, and coated.
  • the rate is 25m/min; the drying is carried out in a three-stage oven, and the oven temperatures of the various stages are 55 ° C, 65 ° C, and 60 ° C, respectively, and the PVDF composite lithium ion battery separator is obtained after drying.
  • the composite lithium ion battery separator has a thickness of 7 ⁇ m, an aramid coating thickness of 1 ⁇ m, and a PVDF coating thickness of 1 ⁇ m.
  • aramid pulp weigh 0.5kg of para-aramid pulp with a molecular weight of 30,000-50,000, 6.9kg of first solvent DMAC, 2kg of second solvent triethyl phosphate, 0.3kg of auxiliary solvent lithium chloride, 0.09 kg of a polyethylene oxide dispersant having a molecular weight of 300,000 to 400,000, 0.1 kg of an emulsifier polyvinyl alcohol powder, and 0.11 kg of a polymer binder vinylpyrrolidone and a vinyl acetate copolymer.
  • aqueous PVDF slurry 7.5 kg of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene copolymer, 2 kg of triethyl phosphate, 130 kg of deionized water, 0.8 kg of polyurethane, and 0.5 kg of fluoroalkyl methoxy ether alcohol were weighed.
  • aramid pulp a polyethylene separator with a thickness of 16 ⁇ m was selected, and the porosity was 38%.
  • the aramid slurry prepared in step a was applied to one side of the separator by gravure coating.
  • the cloth speed is 10m/min, and the water is immersed for 8s.
  • the drying is performed in a three-stage oven. The oven temperatures are 50°C, 55°C and 60°C respectively. After drying, a single-sided aramid coated diaphragm is obtained.
  • aqueous PVDF slurry prepared in step b is applied to the side of the above-mentioned single-sided aramid coated separator uncoated with aramid coating by gravure coating, and coated.
  • the rate is 25m/min; the drying is carried out in a three-stage oven, and the oven temperatures of the various stages are 55 ° C, 65 ° C, and 60 ° C, respectively, and the PVDF composite lithium ion battery separator is obtained after drying.
  • the composite lithium ion battery separator has a thickness of 19.5 ⁇ m, an aramid coating thickness of 2 ⁇ m, and a PVDF coating thickness of 1.5 ⁇ m.
  • the aramid pulp was prepared according to the ratio of the aramid pulp in Example 5, and the thickness was 16 ⁇ m.
  • Polypropylene film with a gap ratio of 38% the prepared aramid slurry was applied to both sides of the separator by gravure coating method, the coating rate was 15m/min, water immersion for 10s, and drying was performed using a three-stage oven. The oven temperatures of the various stages are 50 ° C, 55 ° C, and 60 ° C, respectively.
  • the aramid lithium ion battery separator is coated on both sides.
  • the two-sided aramid-coated lithium ion battery separator has a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, and each side coating layer has a thickness of 2 ⁇ m.
  • the composite lithium ion battery separator prepared in Example 5 of the present invention is superior to the comparative example in terms of gas permeability, liquid absorption rate, heat shrinkage, and longitudinal tensile strength.
  • the good gas permeability indicates that the coating has little influence on the micropores of the membrane;
  • the high liquid absorption rate indicates that the liquid absorption and liquid retention performance of the separator is superior;
  • the smaller the heat shrinkage at high temperature indicates that the coating has good adhesion;
  • the high strength indicates that the separator maintains dimensional stability and excellent mechanical properties.
  • the separator prepared in Example 5 and the separator prepared in the comparative example were respectively fabricated into a flexible package lithium ion battery chip by the same process, and subjected to a 0.5 C constant current constant voltage charging/1.0 C constant current discharge for cycle test.
  • the lithium ion battery prepared by the separator of the present invention has a cycle performance which is apparently due to the lithium ion battery prepared by the comparative separator.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un séparateur d'accumulateur au lithium-ion composite constitué d'une membrane de base, d'un revêtement d'aramide appliqué en revêtement sur un côté de la membrane de base, et d'un revêtement de PVDF appliqué en revêtement sur l'autre côté de la membrane de base. Le revêtement d'aramide est obtenu par application, immersion et séchage d'une bouillie d'aramide, et l'épaisseur du revêtement est de 0,5 à 4 μm ; le revêtement de PVDF est obtenu par application et séchage d'une bouillie de PVDF à base d'eau, et l'épaisseur du revêtement est de 0,1 à 2 μm. La présente invention concerne en outre un procédé de préparation du séparateur. Le séparateur de la présente invention possède les bonnes propriétés thermiques et mécaniques d'un revêtement d'aramide ainsi que les caractéristiques de bonnes propriétés de mouillabilité et de rétention de liquide vis-à-vis d'un électrolyte, de collage efficace d'un accumulateur et une pièce d'électrode, et de faible pollution environnementale d'un revêtement de PVDF, et est bénéfique pour la préparation d'un accumulateur au lithium-ion présentant une longue durée de vie en cycles et une sécurité élevée. Des expériences montrent que le séparateur possède de bonnes propriétés de perméabilité à l'air, de taux d'absorption de liquide, de retrait thermique et de résistance à la traction, si bien que la durée de vie d'un accumulateur au lithium-ion préparé en utilisant le séparateur peut être manifestement prolongée.
PCT/CN2016/088411 2015-12-22 2016-07-04 Séparateur d'accumulateur au lithium-ion composite portant un revêtement, et son procédé de préparation Ceased WO2017107436A1 (fr)

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