WO2017108389A1 - Dispositif d'allumage pour allumer un mélange carburant air - Google Patents

Dispositif d'allumage pour allumer un mélange carburant air Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017108389A1
WO2017108389A1 PCT/EP2016/079876 EP2016079876W WO2017108389A1 WO 2017108389 A1 WO2017108389 A1 WO 2017108389A1 EP 2016079876 W EP2016079876 W EP 2016079876W WO 2017108389 A1 WO2017108389 A1 WO 2017108389A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrodes
dielectric
ignition device
ignition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2016/079876
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roman Grzeszik
Michael Staudt
Andreas Manz
Andreas Eckert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2017108389A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017108389A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/50—Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/22—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation having two or more electrodes embedded in insulation

Definitions

  • Ignition device for igniting a fuel-air mixture
  • the present invention relates to an ignition device for igniting a fuel-air mixture.
  • the present invention relates to an ignition device for igniting a fuel-air mixture in
  • the document DE 101 21 993 AI discloses an ignition system for
  • a self-induction voltage for a radio breakdown is generated from an energy stored in the magnetic field of an ignition transformer.
  • a second phase that creates
  • Ignition system with a timing of the ignition and a superimposed current limit an AC voltage for the spark.
  • the present invention discloses an ignition device for igniting a fuel-air mixture having the features of patent claim 1. Accordingly, it is provided:
  • An ignition device for igniting a fuel-air mixture with a voltage generator, a dielectric carrier substrate, a first
  • the voltage generator is configured to provide a predetermined voltage pulse between a first terminal and a second terminal of the voltage generator.
  • the first electrode is arranged on the dielectric carrier substrate. Furthermore, the first electrode is electrically connectable to a first terminal of the voltage generator.
  • the second electrode is also arranged on the dielectric carrier substrate. In this case, the second electrode is arranged at a distance from the first electrode. Furthermore, the second electrode is electrically connectable to a second terminal of the voltage generator.
  • the second electrode is enclosed by a dielectric.
  • the dielectric that over-shoots the second electrode comprises a dielectric of one
  • Solid That is, the protruding from the carrier substrate part of the second electrode is surrounded by a solid, that is not gaseous, dielectric.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that with an increasing ignition voltage for the ignition of fuel-air mixtures in an internal combustion engine, the energy released at the time of ignition increases significantly (quadratically) with the ignition voltage. This energy is released during the plasma breakthrough between the two electrodes of a spark plug within a few nanoseconds. Thus, electrode wear of such a spark plug may increase with increasing ignition voltage.
  • Electrodes strongly accelerated by an electric field, so that through
  • the electrode geometry By suitable design of the electrode geometry, it is also possible to generate surface planar plasmas. These surface plasmas can have a diameter of 10 millimeters and more. By such extended Zündplasmen local inhomogeneities of the fuel-air mixture have only a small influence. Therefore, mixtures at the lean limit as well as mixtures with a high exhaust gas content can be safely ignited.
  • the extended ignition plasma of the ignition device according to the invention leads in particular to a flaming of a sufficiently large
  • Combustion chamber volume In this way, a particularly stable combustion can be achieved.
  • the ignition device comprises a plurality of first electrodes and / or a plurality of second electrodes.
  • a second electrode enclosed by the dielectric can be surrounded by a plurality of first electrodes.
  • an ignition plasma may form between each of the first electrodes and the common second electrode.
  • both a plurality of first electrodes, as well as a plurality of second electrodes enclosed by a dielectric may be provided. In this way, ignition plasmas can be generated in a large area of the combustion chamber. This leads to a particularly safe and stable ignition of the fuel-air mixture.
  • Carrier substrate in each case alternately a first electrode and a second electrode arranged side by side. Any desired configurations for such an arrangement of the first and second electrodes are possible.
  • first electrodes and the second electrodes may be arranged as concentric ring electrodes on the carrier substrate.
  • first electrodes and / or the second electrodes are also possible.
  • first electrodes and / or the second electrodes can also be designed as individual pins (cylindrical
  • Electrodes or any other geometries.
  • the configuration of the individual electrodes and the arrangement of the electrodes on the carrier substrate can be adapted to the respective combustion chamber volume.
  • the first electrode is also completely enclosed by a further dielectric.
  • This further dielectric also comprises a solid.
  • the further dielectric may be the same dielectric with which the second electrode is also enclosed. This allows in particular a
  • the first electrode and the second electrode are enclosed by a common dielectric. In this way can be on the surface of this common dielectric
  • Carrier substrate pioneering surface of the dielectric on a spherical surface.
  • the surface of the dielectric may also have a planar surface.
  • the surface of the dielectric may also have a planar surface.
  • Dielectric be adapted to the volume of a combustion chamber.
  • the ignition device and especially the surface at which the partial discharges form for igniting the fuel-air mixture can be adapted to the respective combustion chamber.
  • the voltage generator is configured to provide a plurality of predetermined voltage pulses.
  • the plurality of voltage pulses may comprise a plurality of voltage pulses with equidistant time intervals.
  • the sequence of voltage pulses may be provided at a frequency in the range of about 100 kHz.
  • the first voltage pulse with respect to shape, duration, voltage level and / or distance may differ significantly from the subsequent pulses.
  • successively generated voltage pulses of the voltage generator have an alternating sign.
  • subsequent plasmas for further flame cores can be formed particularly efficiently.
  • the pulse duration of a voltage pulse is less than or equal to one microsecond.
  • the voltage pulse comprises a voltage pulse having an amplitude of more than 30 kilovolts, in particular more than 36 kilovolts or more than 40 kilovolts.
  • a particularly gentle ignition of the fuel-air mixture can be achieved with a long service life of the ignition electrodes and the dielectric.
  • Figure 1 a schematic representation of a cross section through a
  • Ignition device according to an embodiment
  • Figure 2 a schematic representation of a plan view of a
  • Ignition device according to an embodiment
  • Figure 3 a schematic representation of a cross section through a
  • Figure 4 a schematic representation of a cross section through a
  • Embodiment Embodiments of the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a cross section through an ignition device 1 according to an embodiment.
  • the ignition device 1 comprises a dielectric carrier substrate 30, on which a first electrode 10 and a second electrode 20 are arranged.
  • the second electrode 20 is completely enclosed by a dielectric of a solid. Under the
  • the term "completely enclosed” is to be understood as meaning that the part of the second electrode 20 projecting from the dielectric carrier substrate 30 is completely surrounded by the dielectric 21.
  • the second electrode 20 is completely electrically insulated from the first electrode 10 by means of the dielectric 21.
  • Dielectric 21 enclosed second electrode 20 a gap is provided.
  • a Zündplasma can form to ignite a fuel-air mixture. This will be explained in more detail below.
  • the dielectric carrier substrate 30 may consist of any electrically insulating material. Of course, the requirements for mechanical stability, temperature resistance and
  • the dielectric support substrate 30 may comprise a ceramic in which the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 are at least partially embedded.
  • the dielectric 21 enclosing the second electrode 20 may also comprise any electrically insulating solid. Again, here are
  • the dielectric 21 enclosing the second electrode 20 may comprise a ceramic.
  • the first electrode 10 and the second Electrode 20 may each be made of any electrically conductive material, which meets the requirements with respect to the prevailing in the combustion chamber conditions.
  • the first electrode 10 and / or the second electrode 20 may comprise a material which is also used for electrodes of conventional spark plugs. Because during the combustion chamber conditions, the first electrode 10 and / or the second electrode 20 may comprise a material which is also used for electrodes of conventional spark plugs. Because during the
  • the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 comprise a metal having a high thermal conductivity.
  • the heat energy from the combustion chamber can be dissipated very well.
  • the first electrode 10 and / or the second electrode 20 with a cooling device are thermally coupled.
  • such a cooling device may be located on a side of the dielectric support substrate 30 opposite to the side on which the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 are disposed.
  • a material may be selected for the material of the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 which has an at least approximately the same thermal expansion coefficient as the dielectric carrier substrate 30 and / or the dielectric 21, which encloses the second electrode 20.
  • the two electrodes 10, 20 For the formation of a Zündplasmas between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20, the two electrodes 10, 20 with a
  • Voltage generator 40 may be any suitable one
  • the voltage generator 40 may apply a voltage between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20.
  • the voltage generator 40 may be connected between the first electrode
  • this DC pulse can be a rectangular DC pulse.
  • DC pulse can, for example, an amplitude of 20 kilovolts, 30 Kilovolts, 36 kilovolts or more.
  • the first amplitude 20 kilovolts, 30 Kilovolts, 36 kilovolts or more.
  • Electrode 10 are electrically connected to a first terminal 41 of the voltage generator 40, and the second electrode 20 can be electrically connected to a second terminal 42 of the voltage generator 40.
  • a voltage pulse can be provided in which the voltage potential at the second terminal 42 is higher than at the first terminal 41.
  • Electrons are released from the surface of the dielectric 21 around the second electrode 20, and then are directed toward the first electrode 10
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a
  • Ignition device according to one embodiment.
  • This embodiment is substantially identical to the previously described embodiment, wherein In this case, a plurality of first electrodes 10 are provided.
  • the number of four first electrodes 10 and one second electrode 20 selected here serves merely for better understanding and does not limit the invention. In particular, more or less than four first electrodes 10 and also optionally more than just a second electrode 20 may be provided be.
  • first electrode 10 can be arranged around a second electrode 20.
  • all the first electrodes 10 each have an at least approximately the same distance from the second electrode 20.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a cross section through an ignition device according to a further embodiment.
  • first electrodes 10 are enclosed by a dielectric 11 made of a solid.
  • the number of two first electrodes 10 and one second electrode 20 formed in this embodiment serves only to understand and not limit the invention.
  • both the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 of a dielectric 11, 12 it is very possible, by once or multiple reversing the voltage pulses provided by the voltage generator 40, the electrons collected at the surface of the respective dielectric 11 and 21 again in the direction of the opposite
  • Ignition probability can be increased.
  • the polarity reversal of the voltage pulses can be repeated, for example, with a frequency of 100 kHz.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of another embodiment of an ignition device 1 for igniting a fuel-air mixture.
  • This embodiment is largely identical to the previously described embodiments and differs only in that in this case all first electrodes 10 and all second electrodes 20 from a common
  • Dielectric 21 are enclosed. In this case, on the surface 21a in each case between two electrodes 10, 20 of different polarity
  • Form partial discharges which can lead to an ignition plasma as described above, which ignites a fuel-air mixture on the surface 21 a of the ignition device 1.
  • the arrangement of a plurality of first electrodes 10 and a plurality of second electrodes 20 within a common dielectric 21 made of a solid allows the formation of surface plasmas with relatively large diameters. In particular, ignition plasmas with a diameter of 10 millimeters and more are possible.
  • the surface 21a of the dielectric 21 can be adapted to the geometry of a combustion chamber, in which the fuel-air mixture is to be burned. In particular, it is also possible to provide a larger area of the combustion chamber with the ignition device 1 described above.
  • the ignition devices 1 described above are particularly suitable for the ignition of fuel-air mixtures in motor vehicles.
  • the ignition device 1 is well suited for the ignition of fuel-air mixtures in lean and / or high-AG R-firing.
  • the ignition devices 1 according to the invention can also be used for the ignition of fuel-air mixtures in any other internal combustion engines or turbines, such as aircraft turbines.
  • the geometry of the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 is not limited to the geometries described above and shown in the figures.
  • first and second electrodes 10 and 20 can also be arranged as annular electrode arrangements on a carrier substrate 30.
  • a plurality of concentric rings are also possible, alternating first and second electrodes 10, 20 from the inside to the outside.
  • strip-shaped electrodes in particular a plurality of alternating strips of first and second electrodes 10, 20 are possible.
  • the individual electrodes 10, 20 can also be designed as individual pins, for example in the form of cylinders, which protrude from a carrier substrate 30. Further, any other embodiments for the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 are also possible.
  • tips, edges or any other geometric elements that lead to an inhomogeneity of an electric field between a first electrode 10 and a second electrode 20 may optionally be provided both on the first electrodes 10 and on the second electrodes 20.
  • the present invention relates to an ignition device for
  • Ignition voltages a reliable and stable ignition of a fuel

Landscapes

  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'allumage (1) pour allumer un mélange carburant air sur le principe de décharges partielles. Pour ce faire, au moins une des deux électrodes (10, 20) du dispositif d'allumage est entièrement entourée par un diélectrique solide (11, 21). Si une impulsion de tension électrique est appliquée entre ces électrodes, il se produit, en raison du champ électrique se formant, des décharges partielles qui peuvent provoquer la formation d'un plasma d'allumage et d'un dard de flamme. Étant donné que les deux électrodes sont électriquement isolées les unes des autres par le diélectrique autour au moins d'une des électrodes, une décharge complète ne peut pas avoir lieu. Par conséquent, également avec des hautes tensions d'allumage, une inflammation fiable et stable d'un mélange carburant air peut avoir lieu sans qu'il ne se produise une érosion significative des électrodes.
PCT/EP2016/079876 2015-12-22 2016-12-06 Dispositif d'allumage pour allumer un mélange carburant air Ceased WO2017108389A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015226402.5A DE102015226402A1 (de) 2015-12-22 2015-12-22 Zündvorrichtung zum Zünden eines Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemisches
DE102015226402.5 2015-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017108389A1 true WO2017108389A1 (fr) 2017-06-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2016/079876 Ceased WO2017108389A1 (fr) 2015-12-22 2016-12-06 Dispositif d'allumage pour allumer un mélange carburant air

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DE (1) DE102015226402A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017108389A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3636916A1 (fr) 2018-10-10 2020-04-15 Volkswagen AG Système d'allumage doté d'une étincelle d'allumage augmentée par le plasma hf d'une bougie d'allumage ainsi que procédé associé

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4589398A (en) * 1984-02-27 1986-05-20 Pate Ronald C Combustion initiation system employing hard discharge ignition
US6289868B1 (en) * 2000-02-11 2001-09-18 Michael E. Jayne Plasma ignition for direct injected internal combustion engines
US6321733B1 (en) * 1996-05-29 2001-11-27 Knite, Inc. Traveling spark ignition system and ignitor therefor
DE102004058925A1 (de) * 2004-12-07 2006-06-08 Siemens Ag Hochfrequenz-Plasmazündvorrichtung für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen, insbesondere für direkt einspritzende Otto-Motoren

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10121993B4 (de) 2001-05-05 2004-08-05 Daimlerchrysler Ag Zündsystem für Verbrennungsmotoren

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4589398A (en) * 1984-02-27 1986-05-20 Pate Ronald C Combustion initiation system employing hard discharge ignition
US6321733B1 (en) * 1996-05-29 2001-11-27 Knite, Inc. Traveling spark ignition system and ignitor therefor
US6289868B1 (en) * 2000-02-11 2001-09-18 Michael E. Jayne Plasma ignition for direct injected internal combustion engines
DE102004058925A1 (de) * 2004-12-07 2006-06-08 Siemens Ag Hochfrequenz-Plasmazündvorrichtung für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen, insbesondere für direkt einspritzende Otto-Motoren

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3636916A1 (fr) 2018-10-10 2020-04-15 Volkswagen AG Système d'allumage doté d'une étincelle d'allumage augmentée par le plasma hf d'une bougie d'allumage ainsi que procédé associé
DE102018125080A1 (de) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-16 Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Zündsystem mit einem durch ein HF-Plasma vergrößerten Zündfunken einer Zündkerze mit einer Vorkammer sowie ein zugehöriges Verfahren
US10830201B2 (en) 2018-10-10 2020-11-10 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Ignition system having a high-frequency plasma-enhanced ignition spark of a spark plug, including an antechamber, and a method associated therewith

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