WO2017117277A1 - Systèmes et procédés de communication sans fil en temps réel ou en temps quasi réel entre des dispositifs électroniques - Google Patents

Systèmes et procédés de communication sans fil en temps réel ou en temps quasi réel entre des dispositifs électroniques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017117277A1
WO2017117277A1 PCT/US2016/068987 US2016068987W WO2017117277A1 WO 2017117277 A1 WO2017117277 A1 WO 2017117277A1 US 2016068987 W US2016068987 W US 2016068987W WO 2017117277 A1 WO2017117277 A1 WO 2017117277A1
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Prior art keywords
power
receiver
transmitter
communications component
waves
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2016/068987
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English (en)
Inventor
Douglas Bell
Michael A. Leabman
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Energous Corp
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Energous Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US15/061,140 external-priority patent/US10211685B2/en
Priority claimed from US15/060,838 external-priority patent/US10186893B2/en
Priority claimed from US15/060,819 external-priority patent/US20170111243A1/en
Application filed by Energous Corp filed Critical Energous Corp
Publication of WO2017117277A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017117277A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • G06F15/16—Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs

Definitions

  • This application generally relates to wireless communications between electronic devices, with exemplary applications in wireless power systems.
  • Bluetooth® In wireless charging, it would be beneficial for transmitters and receivers to communicate using low-energy communications protocols, but it would also be beneficial if the transmitters and receivers could communicate in real time or near-real time.
  • Bluetooth® was not designed for such rapid communications. Bluetooth® requires senders and receivers to "take turns" responding or not responding, which is prohibitive to achieving or simulating real time or near real time communications. For example, a Bluetooth® client would normally send a request for a data item from a peripheral device and then wait until some data item is received or the Bluetooth® client determines that no response is going to be received.
  • communications components such as Bluetooth® chipsets or a Wi-Fi network interface card (NIC)
  • NIC Wi-Fi network interface card
  • these buffers may be configured to fill and empty according to a predetermined data flow between the devices, according to the particular protocol.
  • the buffers may not be capable of allowing for one device or another to continuously transmit data without interruption, outside the normal operational patterns of the protocols.
  • the hardware and firmware of the devices may be limited in their respective communications rates, such that real time or near- real time data transfers are impractical if not impossible with existing low-energy
  • Embodiments disclosed herein comprise devices, such as receivers and transmitters, having communications components that may communicate data samples, such as power values, in real time or near-real time, thereby allowing a first device (e.g., transmitter) to adjust in real time or near-real time operational behavior of the first device's hardware or software (e.g., adjust transmissions of power waves) based upon the data samples (e.g., power values) received from a second device (e.g., receiver).
  • a first device e.g., transmitter
  • the first device e.g., transmitter
  • a second device e.g., receiver
  • a communications component of a first device comprises a processor configured to generate a first request for a data sample associated with a functional routine executed by a second device; and continuously and consecutively receive one or more data samples from the second device; and upon receiving from the second device at least one data signal comprising a flag bit: transmitting a second request for a data sample associated with the functional routine executed by the second device.
  • a communications component of a first device comprises: one or more memories configured to store one or more data messages containing data samples prior to transmission to a second device; and a processor configured to:
  • a method comprises transmitting, by a
  • the communications component of the first device a second request for one or more data samples associated with the functional routine of the second device, the second request configured to cause the second device to reset one or more buffers of the communications component of the second device.
  • a method comprises continuously and
  • a method for wireless power transmission comprises continuously and consecutively receiving, by a communications component of a transmitter, one or more power messages from a receiver, a respective power message of the one or more power messages including at least one power value associated with one or more power waves generated by the transmitter (e.g., the respective power message reflects a measurement of a respective characteristic of at least one of the one or more power waves); upon receiving the respective power message, determining, by a processor of the transmitter, whether to adjust a characteristic of the one or more power waves based upon the at least one power value of the respective power message; and upon receiving at least one power message comprising a flag bit, transmitting, by the communications component of the transmitter, to the receiver a request requesting respective power values that correspond to each of the one or more power waves generated by the transmitter.
  • a transmitter device comprises a communications component configured to continuously and consecutively receive one or more power messages from a receiver, a respective power message of the one or more power messages including at least one power value associated with one or more power waves generated by the transmitter (e.g., the respective power message reflects a measurement of a respective characteristic of at least one of the one or more power waves), and the respective power message received via a communications signal independent of the one or more power waves; and a processor configured to: determine whether to adjust a characteristic of the one or more power waves based upon the at least one power value of the respective power message; and, , upon receiving at least one power message comprising a flag bit, instruct the communications component to transmit to the receiver a request requesting respective power values that correspond to each of the one or more power waves.
  • the flag bit can be configured to instruct or otherwise trigger the transmitter to transmit the request.
  • the flag bit received from the receiver can indicate that the receiver has no available output buffers or otherwise requests the transmitter to send the request.
  • a method for wireless power transmission includes: receiving, by a communications component of a receiver, from a transmitter a first request for one or more power values associated with one or more power waves;
  • the communications component of the receiver at least one message containing an indicator bit indicating that the set of one or more buffers is full or that no other buffer is unavailable for transmission; and resetting, by the communications component of the receiver, at least one buffer memory associated with the set of one or more buffers upon receiving a second request for one or more power values from the transmitter.
  • a wireless charging receiver device includes a communications component with a set of one or more buffer memories configured to store one or more power messages that include one or more power values; and a processor configured to continuously and consecutively transmit to a transmitter the one or more power messages until determining that the set of one or more buffer memories is filled, and upon determining that the set of one or more buffer memories is filled, transmit an indicator bit or flag to the transmitter and reset the set of one or more buffer memories in the receiver; and the processor is also configured to continuously and consecutively determine a respective power value associated with one or more power waves for inclusion in each respective power message of the one or more power messages.
  • FIG. 1 shows components of a wireless power transmission system, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 shows steps of wireless power transmission, according to an exemplary method embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 shows the logical data flow for communications over a Bluetooth® communications signal, between a transmitter and a receiver, during a wireless power transmission process, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows components of a wireless power transmission system 100, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the exemplary system 100 may comprise a transmitter 101 and a receiver 102 coupled to an electronic device 103.
  • the transmitter 101 and receiver 102 may exchange information related to power waves, including information regarding the location of the receiver 102 within a transmission field and the amount of power being received by the receiver 102, and other forms of administrative information, through a communications signal 104. Based on the information gathered over
  • the transmitter 101 may generate and transmit one or more power waves 107 to the receiver 102, or some location proximate to the receiver 102, allowing the receiver 102 to gather energy from the power waves 107 and convert the energy into electrical current to power the electronic device 103.
  • a transmitter 101 may comprise an antenna array 106 having one or more antennas that may transmit power waves 107 into a transmission field, which may be a two or three-dimensional space where the transmitter 101 may provide power waves 107 to one or more receivers 102.
  • the transmitter 101 may generate and transmit power waves 107 having waveform characteristics (e.g., frequency, amplitude, trajectory, phase) that cause the power waves 107 to converge at a predetermined location in the transmission field to form constructive or destructive interference patterns.
  • waveform characteristics e.g., frequency, amplitude, trajectory, phase
  • the targeted receiver 102 may comprise various circuitry configured to capture energy from a pocket of energy 112 and then convert the energy into useable power for the electronic device 103.
  • the transmitter 101 may comprise a communications component 105 that may effectuate wired and/or wireless communications to and from one or more receivers 102 of the system 100.
  • a communications component 105 may be an embedded component of the transmitter 101; and, in some embodiments, the communications component 105 may be attached to the transmitter 101 through any wired or wireless communications medium.
  • an attached communications component 105 may be shared among a plurality of transmitters 101, such that each of the transmitters 101 coupled to the attached communications component 105 may use the data received within a communications signal 104.
  • the communications component 105 may comprise
  • electromechanical components e.g., processor, antenna
  • the communications component 105 communicate various types of data with corresponding receiver
  • the transmitter communications component 105 may be configured to exchange communications signals 104 with the receiver communications component based on one or more wired or wireless communications protocols.
  • Non-limiting examples of such protocols may include:
  • the communications component 105 is not limited to radio-frequency based technologies, but may include radar, infrared, and sonic devices (e.g., ultrasound) for sonic triangulation, and may be used for determining the location, or other aspects, of a receiver 102.
  • sonic devices e.g., ultrasound
  • the data included in the communications signals 104 may be used by the transmitter 101 and/or the receiver 102 to determine how the transmitter 101 should generate and transmit, safe and effective power waves 107, from which the receiver 102 may capture energy and convert it to useable alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) electricity, or other forms of energy.
  • the transmitter 101 and receiver 102 may exchange data that may be used for various functions of the transmitter 101, such as: identifying receivers 102 within the transmission field; determining whether electronic devices 103 or users are authorized to receive power waves 107; determining safe and effective waveform characteristics for power waves 107; and honing or optimizing the placement of pockets of energy 112 in the transmission field with respect to the receivers 102, among other possible functions.
  • a receiver communications component which may be integrated into a receiver 102 or electrical device 103 as shown in FIG. 1, may use a communications signal 104 to communicate operational data with the communications component 105 of the transmitter 101, where such operational data may be used for various functions of the transmitter 101 or receiver 102, such as: alerting a transmitter 101 that the receiver 102 has entered, or is about to enter, into the transmission field of the transmitter 101; providing information about the user or the electronic device 103 being charged by the receiver 103, such as authentication data or a system profile; indicating the effectiveness of the power waves 107 or pocket of energy 112 in providing power to the receiver 102, such as a power level conversion or reception indicator; and providing updated transmission parameters for the transmitter 101 to use to adjust the power waves 107 to form more effective pockets of energy 112 or null spaces (not shown), among other types of useful data.
  • the communications component 105 of the transmitter 101 and the receiver communications component may communicate different types of data (e.g., authentication data, heat-mapping data, transmission parameters, etc.) containing various types of information, message, and data points.
  • data e.g., authentication data, heat-mapping data, transmission parameters, etc.
  • Non-limiting examples of possible information, messages, and data points may include: a transmitter identifier (transmitter ID), a receiver identifier (receiver ID), a
  • Bluetooth® unique identifier (Bluetooth ID), a beacon message, a device identifier (device ID) for an electronic device 103, a user identifier (user ID), a battery level for the electronic device 103, information identifying the receiver's 102 location in the transmission field, and the electronic device 103' s location in the transmission field, among a number of other possible types of information, messages, and/or data points.
  • the antenna array 106 may include a set of one or more antennas 108 configured to transmit power waves 107 into the transmission field of the transmitter 101.
  • Integrated circuits (not shown) of the transmitter 101 such as a controller circuit and/or waveform generator, may control the behavior of the antennas 108. For example, based on the information received from the receiver 102 via the communications signal 104, a controller circuit may determine a set of waveform characteristics (e.g., amplitude, frequency, trajectory, phase) for generating power waves 107 that would effectively provide power to the receiver 102 and electronic device 103. The controller circuit may also identify a subset of antennas 108 from the antenna array 106 that would be effective in transmitting the power waves 107.
  • a waveform generator circuit of the transmitter 101 coupled to the controller may convert energy and generate the power waves 107 having the waveform characteristics identified by the controller, and then provide the power waves 107 to the antenna array 106 for transmission.
  • an antenna 108 of the antenna array 106 may transmit power waves 107 having a set of characteristics that cause the power waves 107 to arrive at a given location within a transmission field and constructively or destructively accumulate as needed. For instance, when forming a pocket of energy 112, the antennas 108 of the antenna array 106 may transmit power waves 107 that intersect at a given location (usually at or nearby a detected receiver 102), and due to the respective characteristics of each of the power waves 107 generated by each respective antenna 108, the intersecting power waves 107 form a constructive interference pattern having enough energy to create a useful pocket of energy 112 from which the receiver 102 may collect energy and generate electric power.
  • the exemplary system 100 is described as using radio-frequency based power waves 107, additional or alternative transmitter antennas, antenna arrays, and/or wave-based technologies may be used (e.g., ultrasonic, infrared, magnetic resonance) to wirelessly transmit power from the transmitter 101 to the receiver 102.
  • additional or alternative transmitter antennas, antenna arrays, and/or wave-based technologies may be used (e.g., ultrasonic, infrared, magnetic resonance) to wirelessly transmit power from the transmitter 101 to the receiver 102.
  • Receivers 102 may be used for powering or charging an associated electronic device 102 coupled to or integrated with one or more receivers 102.
  • a receiver 102 may comprise one or more antennas (not shown) that may receive power waves 107 originating from one or more transmitters 101.
  • the receiver 102 may receive power waves 107 transmitted directly from a transmitter 101; and, in some implementations, the receiver 102 may capture energy from the constructive interference pattern defining a pocket of energy 112 and formed from power waves 107.
  • the pocket of energy 112 may be a three-dimensional field of energy resulting from the convergence of power waves 107 at a location in the transmission field.
  • the receiver 102 may comprise circuitry (not shown) configured to capture energy from a pocket of energy 112 or power waves 107, and then convert that energy into electricity useable by the electronic device 103.
  • circuitry may include a controller-processor integrated circuit, an amplifier, a rectifier, and a voltage conditioner, among others.
  • the receiver 102' s circuitry may convert the energy from the power waves 107 (e.g., radio frequency electromagnetic radiation) to electric power (i.e., electricity), which may be stored into a battery (not shown) or used by an electronic device 103
  • a receiver 102 or an electronic device 103 may comprise a receiver-side communications component (not shown) configured to communicate various types of data with the transmitter 101 in real-time or near real-time, through a communications signal 104 generated by the receiver-side communications component.
  • the data may include location indicators for the receiver 102 and/or electronic device 103, and a power status of the device 103, status information for the receiver 102, status information for the electronic device 103, status information for the power waves 107, and/or status information for the pockets of energy 112.
  • the receiver 102 may provide real time or near-real time data to the transmitter 101, via the communications signal 104, regarding the current operation of the system 100, including: information identifying a present location of the receiver 102 or the device 103, an amount of energy received by the receiver 102, and an amount of power received and/or used by the electronic device 103, among other possible data points containing other types of information.
  • the receiver 102 may be integrated into the electronic device 103, such that, for all practical purposes, the receiver 102 and electronic device 103 may be understood to be a single unit or product; but, in some embodiments, the receiver 102 may be permanently or detachably coupled to the electronic device 103 at some point after production of the receiver 102 and electronic device 103. It should be appreciated that the receiver 102 may be configured to use the communications component of the electronic device 103, and/or the receiver 102 may comprise a communications component that is independent of the electronic device 103.
  • An electronic device 103 coupled to a receiver 102 may be any electronic device 103 that requires continuous power, or that draws stored power from a battery (not shown).
  • the receiver 102 may be permanently integrated into the electronic device 103, or the receiver 102 may be permanently or detachably coupled to the electronic device 103.
  • Non-limiting examples of electronic devices 103 may include laptops, mobile phones, smartphones, tablets, music players, toys, batteries, flashlights, lamps, electronic watches, cameras, gaming consoles, appliances, GPS devices, and wearable devices or so-called "wearables" (e.g., fitness bracelets, pedometers, smart watch), among other types of electronic devices 103.
  • FIG. 2 shows steps of wireless power transmission, according to an exemplary method 200 embodiment.
  • the exemplary method 200 comprises steps 201, 203, 205, 207, 209, and 211.
  • steps 201, 203, 205, 207, 209, and 211 may be included in the exemplary method 200 shown in FIG. 2, and still fall within the scope of this disclosure.
  • a transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) establish a connection or otherwise associate with one another according to a particular wireless communication protocol.
  • Transmitters and receivers may communicate operational data including various operational data values and/or operational instructions using a communications signal, according to a wireless communication protocol capable of transmitting data between communications components of electrical devices (e.g., Bluetooth®, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Wi-Fi, NFC, ZigBee®).
  • a wireless communication protocol capable of transmitting data between communications components of electrical devices (e.g., Bluetooth®, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Wi-Fi, NFC, ZigBee®).
  • Some protocols require devices to associate with one another in order to conduct various protocol-specific handshakes, authentication protocols, and other potential administrative data exchanges.
  • the transmitter may function as a wireless access point requiring the receiver to be authenticated, and both the transmitter and receiver may need to be
  • a Bluetooth-enabled communications component of a transmitter may scan for receivers indirectly broadcasting advertisement signals, or the transmitter may receive an advertisement signal from the transmitter.
  • the advertisement signal may announce the receiver's presence to the transmitter, and may trigger an association between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the Bluetooth-enabled communications component of a transmitter may scan for receivers indirectly broadcasting advertisement signals, or the transmitter may receive an advertisement signal from the transmitter.
  • the advertisement signal may announce the receiver's presence to the transmitter, and may trigger an association between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • advertisement signal may communicate information that may be used by various devices (e.g., transmitters, client devices, sever computers, other receivers) to execute and manage pocket-forming procedures.
  • Information contained within the advertisement signal may include a device identifier (e.g., MAC address, IP address, UUID), the voltage of electrical energy received, client device power consumption, and other types of data related to power transmission.
  • the transmitter may use the advertisement signal to identify the receiver and, in some cases, locate the receiver in a two or three-dimensional space. Once the transmitter identifies the receiver, the transmitter may establish the Bluetooth connection thereby associating the transmitter with the receiver and allowing the transmitter and receiver to communicate operational data via communications signals.
  • the transmitter may use the advertisement signal to determine a set of characteristics for power waves that would effectively establish a pocket of energy at or near the receiver.
  • characteristics for power waves may include phase, gain, amplitude, power level, frequency, and trajectory, among others.
  • the transmitter may use information included in the receiver's advertisement signal and subsequent communications signals in order to gather the data needed to determine effective waveform characteristics for producing and transmitting power waves.
  • the transmitter may begin generating and transmitting power waves.
  • their respective characteristics may cause them to converge at a predetermined location in a transmission field, resulting in a constructive interference pattern that forms a pocket of energy at or near the location of the receiver.
  • an antenna of the receiver may capture or otherwise receive energy from the energy field resulting from the constructive interference pattern that defines the pocket of energy.
  • the receiver may capture or otherwise receive the electrical energy directly from the power waves or from a pocket of energy defined by a constructive interference pattern resulting from the constructive accumulation of converging power waves.
  • the receiver may comprise circuitry configured to convert the energy captured from the constructive interference patterns into electrical current that may power an electrical device coupled to receiver, such as a laptop computer, smartphone, battery, toy, or other electronic device.
  • an AC/DC converter may convert the electrical energy from AC-current into DC-current, or from DC-current into AC- current.
  • the receiver may comprise a rectifier circuit that may rectify the AC-current in order to provide usable DC-current to the electronic device coupled to the receiver.
  • the receiver may generate operational data including information indicating the effectiveness of the power waves or pocket of energy. This operational data may then be communicated to the transmitter through the communications signal, using a particular wireless protocol (e.g., Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, NFC, RFID).
  • a particular wireless protocol e.g., Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, NFC, RFID.
  • the receiver may identify and/or process data points and other information useful for instructing the transmitter on generating and transmitting, or otherwise adjusting, the power waves.
  • Non-limiting examples of data points and other types of information that may be included in the operational data or may be used to generate the operational data may include: the quality of the power waves, the quality of the battery charge or quality of the power reception, the location or motion of the receiver, the power levels (e.g., amount of voltage) received and converted by the receiver, and/or the amount of power used by the electronic device.
  • the receiver may determine how much energy the antenna of the receiver is receiving from the power waves or pocket energy, how much energy the receiver is converting into electric power, the amount of electric power the receiver is providing to the electronic device, and/or the power consumption or requirements of the electronic device, among others.
  • the receiver may be continuously generating and transmitting operational data including information related to the effectiveness of the power waves, and providing this data via the communications signal to the transmitter in real time or near-real time.
  • the operational data may inform the transmitter how to generate and transmit, or otherwise adjust, the power waves to provide effective or improved wireless-charging service to the receiver.
  • the communications signals may be transmitted and received independent from the power waves, using a wireless protocol capable of communicating operational data between the transmitter and receiver, including BLE, NFC, Wi-Fi, and the like.
  • the transmitter may calibrate or otherwise adjust the characteristics of the power waves and/or the antennas transmitting the power waves, so that the antennas transmit power waves having a more effective set of waveform characteristics (e.g., trajectory, frequency, phase, gain, amplitude).
  • a processor of the transmitter may automatically determine more effective features or characteristics for generating and transmitting the power waves based on the operational data received from the receiver via the communications signal.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of logical data flow for communications over a
  • the transmitter 301 and receiver 302 may comprise improved communications components, which may expand upon the features and capabilities of conventional hardware and software components used to send and receive a communications signal, such as a Bluetooth® processor and antenna.
  • the improved communications components may be configured to send and receive real time or near-real time operational data that may be used by the transmitter 301 for power wave generation and transmission, thereby allowing the transmitter 301 to adjust the antennas and power waves in real time or near-real time.
  • the improved communications components may be configured to communicate the operational data through communications signals using known
  • the communication components may be configured to communicate operational data through conventional protocols in an unconventional and discouraged fashion (i.e., the conventional communications components were previously incapable of communicating in this fashion, and such techniques were regularly discouraged by the art), to accomplish results that were previously believed to be impossible.
  • the improved communications components permit the receiver 302 to transmit the operational data via the communications signals in real time or near-real time to the transmitter 301, thereby allowing the transmitter 301 to adjust the power waves in real time or near-real time accordingly.
  • the transmitter 301 and receiver 302 may communicate operational data that informs the transmitter 301 how to generate safe and effective power waves.
  • the transmitter 301 may periodically or continuously adjust the antennas to produce power waves differently, based upon the operational data. It is desirable for the transmitter 301 to be able to minimize the amount of energy that is transmitted in the proximity of a person through further adjustments, to minimize the time needed to adjust the power waves when a person is in transmission path of power waves, and to adjust the power waves to maintain the most effective and/or efficient transmission of power waves possible. These goals can be better addressed when the transmitter 301 and receiver 302 are communicating real time or near-real time operational data, to allow for real time or near-real time transmit antenna adjustments.
  • the transmitter 301 needs to receive operational power data from the receiver 302 in real time or near-real time.
  • Conventional communications components are ordinarily limited with regards to allowing the receiver to 302 to determine and report operational data to the transmitter 301 fast enough for the transmitter 301 to adjust the antennas in real time or near-real time.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3 addresses such limitations by allowing the communications component of the receiver 302 to transmit real time or near-real time operational power data to the transmitter 301.
  • the exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 3 is not limited to practice in wireless power transmission processes.
  • a first device e.g., transmitter 301
  • a second device e.g., receiver 302
  • the first device polls or otherwise requests the second device to report data in real time or near-real time so that the first device may likewise adjust operations in real time or near- real time.
  • a transmitter 301 may transmit power waves to a receiver
  • the devices 301, 302 may comprise communications components configured to communicate the power data via a communications signal using a wireless communications protocol, such as Bluetooth®.
  • the transmitter 301 may be associated with the receiver 302 according to the operational rules of the communications protocol.
  • the transmitter 301 may transmit a request for the receiver 302 to report the power data or other operational data (e.g., at a step 303a, FIG. 3). In some implementations, this request may instruct, or may otherwise trigger, the receiver 302 to execute an operating system function, software application, or other software or firmware routine that generates and reports back power data indicating the effectiveness of the power waves.
  • a next step 304 when the receiver 302 receives from the transmitter 301 the power waves and/or the Bluetooth® message requesting the power data, the receiver 302 may execute a software "callback" function for continuously determining the power data and transmitting the power data to the transmitter 301.
  • a next step 305 upon executing or triggering the callback function, the receiver 302 enters into a recurring loop during which, among other possible actions, the callback function of the receiver 302 may determine in a next step 306 the power data based on the power waves received from the transmitter 301, and then in a following step 307 may transmit the power data to the transmitter 301.
  • This power data may be determined by hardware devices that measure the voltage and current from the receiver antenna array, and report the voltage and current, or their resultant power product to the receiver' s processor.
  • the communications component of the receiver 302 determines, in a subsequent step 308, whether there are any available output buffers for transmitting additional outbound messages to the transmitter 301.
  • the callback function of the receiver 302 may determine one or more types of power level data based on efficacy of the power waves captured or otherwise received by the receiver 302.
  • power data may include the amount of RF energy received or otherwise captured by the antennas of the receiver 302, the amount of RF energy the receiver is converting or has converted to AC or DC, and how much power is required by an electronic device or battery coupled to the receiver 302, charge level of the battery of the device, among other types of power data.
  • the callback function of the receiver 302 may determine power data for a given moment or continuously for a certain time period.
  • the receiver 302 may then populate one or more output buffers of the communications component with the power data determined for the given instant.
  • the output buffers may be a volatile memory component of the communications component of the receiver 302 that may store wireless messages prepared by the receiver 302.
  • the output buffers may function as a first-in-first-out (FIFO) memory that temporarily stores wireless messages to be transmitted to the communications component of the transmitter 301, such that the output buffers operate as a queue for wireless messages including the power data as the power data is generated.
  • FIFO first-in-first-out
  • the receiver 302 may transmit to the transmitter 301 the power data recently stored into the output buffers.
  • the wireless messages containing the power data may be transmitted as the power data is generated, which provides for faster response times for the transmitter 301 to adjust the antennas.
  • the wireless messages may be placed into an output buffer and may be transmitted when the output buffer is filled. This may slow the process 300 slightly, but may be useful for providing more information to the transmitter 301.
  • the communications component of the receiver 302 may transmit a power data to the transmitter 301 at each interval through the loop 305, and thus the receiver may continuously determine power value data and then transmit to the transmitter 301 consecutive power messages 307a-n containing each continuously
  • a processor of the communications component of the receiver or the processor of the receiver may determine whether the output buffers of the communications component are filled or used.
  • a communications component of the receiver may comprise a predetermined number of output buffers and/or a
  • an output buffer may be a volatile memory location that temporarily stores messages to be outputted and/or messages that were recently outputted.
  • the communications component may determine the number of available output buffers and/or the number of buffers currently occupied, which is ordinarily zero or otherwise very few at the beginning of the process 300. As each successive power message is generated and transmitted, the output buffers are filled, which could eventually prohibit generation and transmission of additional power messages to the transmitter because ultimately no output buffer would be available.
  • the transmitter 301 may perform a set of steps 310, in which the transmitter adjusts the antennas transmitting the power waves based upon the power value data received in the successive power messages.
  • the transmitter 301 may determine whether to adjust the power waves to more accurately converge and form constructive interference at or near the receiver 302, when the power levels reported back from the receiver 302 fail to satisfy a power level threshold.
  • the power level threshold may be predetermined and stored in memory of the transmitter 301 or may be received as a power value from the receiver, acting on behalf of an electronic device coupled to the receiver 302.
  • the power waves may converge at the location due to the waveform characteristics used to generate and transmit the power waves, and in some cases, due to which antennas are used to transmit the one or more power waves.
  • the transmitter 301 may use the power values received from the receiver 302 to identify whether the adjustments are needed, and then to determine which characteristics should be adjusted.
  • the receiver may report that too much power is being received, and thus the receiver may determine that a lower amplitude, or fewer power waves are needed.
  • the receiver may report that too much power is being received, and thus the receiver may determine that a lower amplitude, or fewer power waves are needed.
  • conventional communications components such as Bluetooth® chips and related firmware, because such conventional devices are unable to continuously and consecutively transmit data messages to the receiver as the data messages are being produced.
  • the conventional communications components would not be capable of overcoming the limitations of the output buffers.
  • communications components may be configured to execute loop 305, which may bypass conventional handshakes and/or other overhead processes associated with the particular wireless protocol and/or incorporate a mechanism to reset the buffers when they are determined to be filled, thereby permitting the receiver 302 to generate and transmit to the transmitter 301 power messages containing power data at nearly the same instant the power data is produced.
  • the communications component of the receiver may transmit a power message containing an indicator or flag bit to the transmitter 301.
  • the power message containing the flag bit may or may not contain power value data or other operational data, or may only contain the flag bit.
  • the flag bit may indicate that the buffers of the receiver are filled, or may otherwise instruct the transmitter to transmit a new request for power values.
  • one or more bits may be used to indicate that buffers are filled or unavailable, or to otherwise trigger the transmitter 301 to transmit a new request for power values.
  • flag or indicator bits may also be transmitted between the transmitter 301 and receiver 302 to trigger other behaviors, such as requesting that the transmitter 301 stop transmitting power waves, or instructing the receiver 302 to reset the output buffers of the receiver communications component.
  • flag bit may comprise one or more binary data bits configured to instruct or otherwise trigger hardware and/or software behavior by the device intended to receive the one or more binary data bits.
  • the communications component of the receiver 302 may reset the memory address of the memory buffers or may purge the data stored in the memory buffers, or otherwise make the buffers again available to output messages from receiver to transmitter, and may then return to a ready state for the callback function, as in previous step 304
  • the transmitter 301 may automatically transmit a new request for power data and/or other operational data.
  • the process 300 may then repeat until the receiver no long requires power waves from the transmitter 301 or there is some other break in the wireless association of the devices.
  • the process 300 may continue to repeat until an ending condition is detected or is otherwise identified by the transmitter 301.
  • an ending condition is detected or is otherwise identified by the transmitter 301.
  • the transmitter 301 may be configured to stop the power transmission process 300 for the receiver 302 when the transmitter 301 receives a signal from the receiver 302 indicating that the receiver 302 no longer needs power or when the receiver 302 is physically moved beyond the range of the power waves or the communications signals of transmitter 301.
  • a receiver 302 may send a message, indicator or flag bit, or some other signal to the transmitter 301 requesting the end of power transmission.
  • the receiver 302 may automatically determine that no further power is required, or a user may operate a software application that instructs the receiver 302 to transmit the message, indicator or flag bit, or some other signal request the end of power transmission.
  • the transmitter 301 may decide to end power transmission when the receiver 301 or user has exceeded an authorized amount of energy, or an application monitoring operations of a wireless power transmission system comprising the transmitter 301 may instruct the transmitter 301 to end the power transmission process 300.
  • a next step 315 after the transmitter 301 determines to stop transmitting power waves due to an end condition, the transmitter 301 may then send through the communications signal a special message with a flag bit or other indicator bit that signals receiver 302 to stop sending power data messages to transmitter 301.
  • a special message with a flag bit or other indicator bit that signals receiver 302 to stop sending power data messages to transmitter 301.
  • the receiver 302 may cease operations, and in some other implementations, the receiver 302 application or software module may return from the callback function to ready state, as in previous step 311.
  • process flow diagrams are provided merely as illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that the steps of the various embodiments must be performed in the order presented. As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art the steps in the foregoing embodiments may be performed in any order. Words such as “then,” “next,” and the like, are not intended to limit the order of the steps; these words are simply used to guide the reader through the description of the methods.
  • process flow diagrams may describe the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel or concurrently. In addition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged.
  • a process may correspond to a method, a function, a procedure, a subroutine, a subprogram, etc. When a process corresponds to a function, its termination may correspond to a return of the function to the calling function or the main function.
  • Embodiments implemented in computer software may be implemented in software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or any combination thereof.
  • a code segment or machine-executable instructions may represent a procedure, a function, a subprogram, a program, a routine, a subroutine, a module, a software package, a class, or any combination of instructions, data structures, or program statements.
  • a code segment may be coupled to another code segment or a hardware circuit by passing and/or receiving information, data, arguments, parameters, or memory contents.
  • Information, arguments, parameters, data, etc. may be passed, forwarded, or transmitted via any suitable means including memory sharing, message passing, token passing, network transmission, etc.
  • the functions may be stored as one or more instructions or code on a non-transitory computer-readable or processor-readable storage medium.
  • the steps of a method or algorithm disclosed herein may be embodied in a processor-executable software module, which may reside on a computer-readable or processor-readable storage medium.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable or processor- readable media includes both computer storage media and tangible storage media that facilitate transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • a non-transitory processor-readable storage media may be any available media that may be accessed by a computer.
  • non-transitory processor-readable media may comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other tangible storage medium that may be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a computer or processor.
  • Disk and disc include compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.
  • the operations of a method or algorithm may reside as one or any combination or set of codes and/or instructions on a non- transitory processor-readable medium and/or computer-readable medium, which may be incorporated into a computer program product.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des systèmes, des procédés et des dispositifs utilisant un composant de communication sans fil amélioré qui permet un rapport d'échantillonnage de données en temps réel ou en temps quasi réel entre des dispositifs utilisant des protocoles de communication sans fil modifiés (par exemple Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi) et des réglages de comportement en temps réel ou en temps quasi réel par un premier dispositif en fonction des échantillons de données provenant d'un second dispositif. Des modes de réalisation de l'invention comprennent des dispositifs, tels que des récepteurs et des émetteurs, possédant des composants de communication pouvant communiquer des échantillons de données, tels que des valeurs de puissance, en temps réel ou en temps quasi réel, ce qui permet à un premier dispositif (par exemple, un émetteur) de régler en temps réel ou en temps quasi réel un comportement opérationnel du matériel ou du logiciel du premier dispositif (par exemple, réglage des ondes de puissance) en fonction des échantillons de données (par exemple, valeurs de puissance) provenant d'un second dispositif (par exemple, un récepteur).
PCT/US2016/068987 2015-12-30 2016-12-28 Systèmes et procédés de communication sans fil en temps réel ou en temps quasi réel entre des dispositifs électroniques Ceased WO2017117277A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201562272878P 2015-12-30 2015-12-30
US62/272,878 2015-12-30
US15/061,140 2016-03-04
US15/060,838 2016-03-04
US15/061,140 US10211685B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2016-03-04 Systems and methods for real or near real time wireless communications between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
US15/060,838 US10186893B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2016-03-04 Systems and methods for real time or near real time wireless communications between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
US15/060,819 2016-03-04
US15/060,819 US20170111243A1 (en) 2015-09-16 2016-03-04 Systems and methods for real time or near real time wireless communications between electronic devices

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US20020103447A1 (en) * 2000-09-12 2002-08-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronic N.V. Data transmission system
US20040019624A1 (en) * 2002-07-23 2004-01-29 Hitachi, Ltd. Computing system and control method
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