WO2017137003A1 - 治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物及其制备方法与用途 - Google Patents
治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物及其制备方法与用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017137003A1 WO2017137003A1 PCT/CN2017/073133 CN2017073133W WO2017137003A1 WO 2017137003 A1 WO2017137003 A1 WO 2017137003A1 CN 2017073133 W CN2017073133 W CN 2017073133W WO 2017137003 A1 WO2017137003 A1 WO 2017137003A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J71/00—Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton is condensed with a heterocyclic ring
- C07J71/0005—Oxygen-containing hetero ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J69/00—Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton has been modified by contraction of only one ring by one atom and expansion of only one ring by one atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/4353—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4355—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems the heterocyclic ring system containing a five-membered ring having oxygen as a ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
- A61K31/58—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of biomedical technology, in particular to a compound for treating respiratory syncytial virus infection, a preparation method thereof and use thereof.
- Bronchiolitis is a serious infectious disease of the lower respiratory tract, mainly caused by viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family.
- Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the main cause of morbidity in children under 2 years old, the elderly, the weakened immunity and transplant patients.
- hRSV Human respiratory syncytial virus
- the immunological drug palivizine monoclonal antibody is approved for use in high-risk patients, including only premature babies and infants with primary disease.
- the broad-spectrum antiviral drug ribavirin is a small molecule that can be used to treat infections but has considerable side effects and limited efficacy.
- some drug candidates for hRSV invading cells or replication stages have progressed to preclinical or clinical development.
- RNA-dependent RNA polymerase uses this ribonucleoprotein complex as a template for messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) transcription and genomic or antigenomic RNA RNA replication, RdRp is composed of two major viral proteins, phosphoprotein P and polymerase L are composed. Polymerase L binds to nucleoprotein N and binds polymerase L to the vRNA. In this process, phosphoprotein P in the RdRp complex is an essential cofactor for polymerase L.
- M2-1 and M2-2 are the two cofactors of RdRp.
- M2-1 is a tetrameric transcriptional elongation factor that binds to RNA and phosphoprotein P in a competitive manner through its core domain.
- M2-1 is an anti-transcription terminator that prevents premature termination of intra- and inter-gene transcription.
- GE active viral gene end
- poly-A polyadenylation
- CPM cyclopamine
- Cigarine white cucurbit
- cyclopamine The teratogenic properties of cyclopamine have largely hampered the development of pediatric drugs for the treatment of hRSV infection. These characteristics may cause severe side effects in the treated patient.
- the present invention provides a compound for treating respiratory syncytial virus infection, a preparation method thereof and use thereof.
- the compound is capable of specifically inhibiting the replication ability of respiratory syncytial virus without inhibiting the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively treating respiratory syncytial virus infection and eliminating teratogenic properties of cyclopamine. .
- a compound for treating respiratory syncytial virus infection which is a chemical analog of cyclopamine, which has the property of inhibiting replication of respiratory syncytial virus and does not have the property of inhibiting the Hedgehog signaling pathway.
- the compounds are a new class of chemical entities, including S1-2 and S1-4, as well as all possible chemical analogs of cyclopamine that inhibit the replication of respiratory syncytial virus without inhibiting the properties of the Hedgehog signaling pathway.
- a typical cyclopamine structure is shown in Formula 1.
- cyclopamine analog structure is as shown in Formula I,
- R1 is H, alkyl, amino, sulfonamido, sulfonylamino, -OC(O)R 5 , -N(R 5 )C(O)R 5 or a sugar;
- R 3 is H, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl
- R 4 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, haloalkyl, -OR 5 , -C(O R 5 , -CO 2 R 5 , -SO 2 R 5 , -C(O)N(R 5 )(R 5 ), -[C(R) 2 ]qR 5 , -[(W)-N( R)C(O)]qR 5 , -[(W)-C(O)]qR 5 , -[(W)-C(O)O]qR 5 ,-[(W)-OC(O)] qR 5 , -[(W)-SO 2 ]qR 5 , -[(W)-N(R 5 )SO 2 ]qR 5 , -[(W)-C(O)N(R 5 )]
- W is each independently a divalent alkyl group
- R is each independently H or alkyl
- q are each independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
- X - is a halogen
- R5 is each independently H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl or -[C(R) 2 ]pR 6 ; wherein p is 0-6; or any two R 5 on the same substituent may together form a 4-8 membered optionally substituted ring containing 0-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O , S or P; R 6 are each independently hydroxy, -N(R)COR, -N(R)C(O)OR, -N(R)SO 2 (R), -C(O)N(R 2 , -OC(O)N(R)(R), -SO 2 N(R)(R), -N(R)(R), -COOR, -C(O)N(OH)(R ), -OS(O) 2 OR, -S(O) 2 OR, -OP(O)
- cyclopamine and its analogs comprise a compound of the formula:
- R 1 is H, OH, alkyl, amino, sulfonamido, sulfonylamino, -OC(O)R 5 , -N(R 5 )C(O)R 5 or a sugar;
- R 2 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, nitrile or heterocycloalkyl;
- R 3 is H, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl
- R 4 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, haloalkyl, -OR 5 , -C(O R 5 , -CO 2 R 5 , -SO 2 R 5 , -C(O)N(R 5 )(R 5 ), -[C(R) 2 ]qR 5 , -[(W)-N( R)C(O)]qR 5 , -[(W)-C(O)]qR 5 , -[(W)-C(O)O]qR 5 ,-[(W)-OC(O)] qR 5 , -[(W)-SO 2 ]qR 5 , -[(W)-N(R 5 )SO 2 ]qR 5 , -[(W)-C(O)N(R 5 )]
- W is each independently a divalent alkyl group
- R is each independently H or alkyl
- q are each independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
- X - is a halogen
- R 5 is each independently H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl or -[C(R) 2 ] pR 6 ; wherein p is 0-6; or any two R 5 on the same substituent may together form a 4-8 membered optionally substituted ring containing 0-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, S or P; R 6 are each independently a hydroxyl group, -N(R)COR, -N(R)C(O)OR, -N(R)SO 2 (R), -C(O)N ( R) 2 , -OC(O)N(R)(R), -SO 2 N(R)(R), -N(R)(R), -COOR, -C(O)N(OH)( R), -OS(O) 2 OR, -S(O) 2 OR, -
- R1 is selected from OH, H, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl
- R 2 is selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl;
- R 3 is selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl;
- R 4 is selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl;
- substitution means that one or more hydrogen atoms on the hydrocarbon group are substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy a group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a C 1 -C 10 carbonyl group, a C 1 -C 10 amide group, a C 2 -C 10 ester group, a C 6 -C 30 aryl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group and a thioether group.
- a substituent selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy a group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a C 1 -C 10 carbonyl group, a C 1 -C 10 amide group, a C 2 -C 10 ester group,
- R 1 is OH
- R 2 is a methyl group
- R 3 is a methyl group
- R 4 is a methyl group.
- R 1 in formula II is substituted with a different group.
- a method for the preparation of a compound for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection which comprises screening the analog by two in vitro tests carried out in parallel by medicinal chemical synthesis of a chemical analogue of cyclopamine.
- the two in vitro tests conducted in parallel were: (1) cell-based assays to measure the ability of RSV to replicate in susceptible cells, and (2) cell-based assays to measure a molecular inhibition of sonic hedgehog (Hh)
- Hh sonic hedgehog
- a method for preparing a compound for treating respiratory syncytial virus infection comprising the steps of:
- the step of synthesizing a compound comprises two substeps:
- the screening compound step comprises four sub-steps:
- the process for preparing the intermediate is: first, cyclopentamidine and triethylamine are dissolved in dry dichloromethane DCM; secondly, trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) dissolved in DCM is added to the solution at 0 ° C. Third, the reaction mixture was slowly heated to 15 ° C and stirring was continued for 16 h; fourth, the initial starting material was completely consumed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS); fifth, the reaction mixture was concentrated, and the residue was used. Diluted with methanol; sixth, the resulting suspension was heated to 70 ° C and incubated for 1 h; seventh, the reaction mixture was cooled to 15 ° C; finally, an intermediate as a white solid was obtained by filtration.
- TFAA trifluoroacetic anhydride
- the process for preparing the compound is: first, dissolving the intermediate and triethylamine in DCM and cooling with an ice bath; secondly, adding isocyanylethane dissolved in DCM to the solution; third, at 45 ° C The reaction mixture was stirred for 48 hours; fourth, by thin layer chromatography (TLC), the starting material was completely consumed; fifth, the reactant was concentrated under vacuum; sixth, the residue was washed with methanol; 7. The compound was collected as a white solid by filtration.
- the inhibitory effect of the test compound on respiratory syncytial virus replication includes the following processes: First, human respiratory syncytial virus Long strain (American model culture library - ATCC number VR-26) and HEp-2 cells (ATCC number CCL) -23) Infection experiments were carried out; secondly, the medium used for HEp-2 cells was DMEM, and penicillin/streptomycin and 10% fetal bovine serum FBS were added, and the cells were cultured at 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 ; The virus was passaged in Hep-2 cells, and the culture conditions were the same as those of the above normal cells, and only the fetal bovine serum concentration was 2%. Fourth, in the preparation of virus species, the monolayer Hep-2 cells were low.
- MOI multiplicity of infection
- the virus adsorption stage can be used at 4 ° C
- the compound was treated for 1 hour to analyze the effect of the compound in the process of virus invasion.
- the compound can be treated with the compound for 72 hours at 37 ° C to analyze the effect of the compound in the process of virus replication.
- Compound treatment is performed at the full stage to analyze the effect of the compound in the whole process of viral infection; the concentration of the compound (IC 50 ) that achieves 50% inhibition of viral replication is calculated by spot count (virus adsorption phase analysis) or spot size measurement (virus Replication phase analysis) was determined by non-linear regression analysis using GraphPad Prism software (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, California, USA). Seventh, in evaluating the cytotoxicity of compounds, we used the CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay kit. (Made in Promega, Madison, Wisconsin) and follow the test The kit operating instructions were used to analyze the effect of the compounds to be tested on cell viability under the above test conditions.
- the inhibitory effect of the test compound on the Hn signaling pathway includes the following procedure: First, inoculate NIH3T3 cells in a 6-well plate (3 x 10 5 cells/well) one day earlier, or a 12-well plate (1.5 x 1010 5 cells/well).
- plasmid was mixed well (total capacity 100-1000 ul), added to the wells containing cells and medium after incubation, and then the wells were placed in a CO 2 incubator for 48 h at 37 ° C; After 48 hours of dyeing, SAG was added until the concentration reached 0.5 uM, and various concentrations of cyclopamine (CPM) analogs were added. Fourth, after 48 hours of incubation, the cells were washed, lysed and transferred to a 96-well white plate. Fifth, LAR II reagent (Promega, dual luciferase reporter system, E1910) was added and the values of the samples were read in a luminescence reader.
- LAR II reagent Promega, dual luciferase reporter system, E1910
- the added cyclopamine (CPM) analog is an analog selected from the anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) assay, which is effective against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
- RSV anti-respiratory syncytial virus
- CCM Replicating cyclopamine (CPM) analogs, which are tested for their inhibitory effects on SAG-induced Smo-dependent gene expression by Hh signaling pathway inhibition assay, ie, similar effects to cyclopamine (CPM), Analyze their level of inhibition.
- the denominator in the formula is the inhibition ratio of cyclopamine (CPM), that is, the ratio of the inhibition ability of RSV replication to the inhibition ability of Hh signaling pathway, and the molecule is the inhibition ratio of CPM analog, that is, the compound obtained.
- the inhibition ratio From the above definition of the inhibition coefficient, it is understood that if the compound to be tested is CPM, the inhibition coefficient is 1. If the compound to be tested is a cyclic guanidine (CPM) analogue, a coefficient of less than 1 indicates an unfavorable inhibitory property, for example, anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) activity is low, whereas for Hh channels Inhibition is still strong; a coefficient greater than 1 indicates a favorable inhibitory property.
- CPM cyclic guanidine
- the substep of screening for a compound means selecting a compound having an inhibition coefficient greater than 1, screening a compound having an inhibition coefficient of less than 1, and preferably a compound having a large coefficient.
- the compounds can be used to treat diseases caused by respiratory viral infections, including: respiratory viral infections, paramyxovirus infections, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections, bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus, by respiratory tract Pneumonia caused by cytovirus, otitis media caused by respiratory syncytial virus.
- RSV respiratory syncytial virus
- bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus by respiratory tract Pneumonia caused by cytovirus
- otitis media caused by respiratory syncytial virus.
- the compound does not have toxic side effects that cause fetal malformation.
- the compounds provided by the present invention are effective for the treatment of respiratory viruses, paramyxovirus infections, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections, bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus, caused by respiratory syncytial virus Pneumonia, otitis media caused by respiratory syncytial virus.
- RSV respiratory syncytial virus
- the compounds provided by the present invention do not have toxic side effects leading to fetal malformations.
- the preparation method provided by the present invention can prepare a plurality of compounds capable of treating respiratory syncytial virus, and can ensure that the prepared compound does not have toxic side effects.
- the preparation method provided by the invention is simple and easy, the material source is wide, the preparation cost is low, and the economic value is high.
- the compound provided by the present invention fills a gap in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus drugs, especially pediatric drugs, and has great social value.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the process of preparing an intermediate according to the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of the process for preparing a compound of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a graph showing the effect of the compounds of the present invention on the inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) replication.
- RSV respiratory syncytial virus
- the graph reflects the efficacy of two concentrations (2 ⁇ m, 8 ⁇ m) of compounds in a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) replication assay.
- RSV respiratory syncytial virus
- Figure 5 is a graph showing the inhibitory effect of the compounds of the present invention on the expression of genes induced by SMO-related antigens.
- the figure shows that various compounds with a concentration of 10 ⁇ M were tested in the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway assay.
- the gene expression rate was 100% in the control group (no compound added, SAG).
- CPM cyclopamine
- gene expression was significantly reduced by 56%.
- the inhibitory effects of the analogs S1-2 and S1-4 of cyclopamine on gene expression were not significant, and the inhibition rates were 36% and 5%, respectively.
- RSV anti-respiratory syncytial virus
- Figure 6 is a graph showing the inhibition coefficients (ICrh) of various cyclic guanidine (CPM) analogs provided by the present invention.
- a cyclopentalamine (CPM) analog S1-2 was prepared. Referring to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the preparation process was as follows:
- the potential anti-hRSV efficacy of the compounds was further evaluated by the spot formation test using the degree of speckle reduction, and the number of spots having between 50 and 100 spots was counted at the time of spot counting.
- the compound can be treated with the compound for 1 hour at 4 ° C to analyze the action of the compound in the process of virus invasion, and the compound can be treated with the compound at 37 ° C after the virus adsorption.
- compound treatment can be performed throughout the viral infection phase to analyze the effect of the compound throughout the viral infection process.
- the concentration of the compound (IC 50 ) that achieves 50% inhibition of viral replication is calculated by spot count (virus adsorption phase analysis) or spot size measurement (virus replication phase analysis) and by GraphPad Prism software (GraphPad Software, Laho, California, USA) Asian city) was determined by nonlinear regression analysis.
- spot count virus adsorption phase analysis
- spot size measurement virus replication phase analysis
- GraphPad Prism software GraphPad Software, Laho, California, USA
- the second day drug treatment and viral infection.
- Drug dilution the dilution is DMEM containing 25% DMSO, the drug concentration is diluted to 800 ⁇ M and 200 ⁇ M;
- the above cell plate was cultured at 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 for 3 days, and the cytopathic effect was observed;
- HEp-2 cells were seeded in a 24-well plate at a density of 1.5E5/well and cultured for 16-24 hours at 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 .
- the 24-well plate treated the next day was placed in a -80 ° C ultra-low temperature freezer for 1 h, then thawed on ice, and the virus solution in the well was collected into a centrifuge tube (on ice).
- the above centrifuge tube was centrifuged at 8000 rpm for 5 min, and then 50 ⁇ l of the supernatant was taken for virus titer detection, and the remaining virus samples were stored in an ultra-low temperature refrigerator at -80 ° C;
- Virus dilution Prepare 6 1.5ml centrifuge tubes, mark and place on ice, add 270 ⁇ l DMEM medium containing 2% fetal bovine serum, start from the original virus sample sample, add 30 ⁇ l to 270 ⁇ l dilution In this way, continue to dilute to obtain a virus dilution of 10 -1 to 10 -6 ;
- the DMEM medium containing 0.8% CMC and 2% fetal bovine serum was placed in a 37 ° C water bath for 1 h. After the virus infection for 1.5 h, the virus solution was discarded, and the cells were washed twice with PBS, and finally 500 ⁇ l of 0.8 was added. % CMC, 2% fetal bovine serum in DMEM medium, was incubated at 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 for 3 days.
- the cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde fixative for 20 min, then washed once with PBS and air dried;
- the cells were treated with PBS containing 0.25% triton X-100 for 20 min, then washed 3 times with PBS for 4 min each time;
- NIH3T3 cells were seeded in 6-well plates (3 ⁇ 10 5 cells/well) or 12-well plates (1.5 ⁇ 10 5 cells/well) one day in advance, and cultured in DMEM medium containing 5% fetal bovine serum and no antibiotics. To ensure 90-95% confluence at the time of transfection.
- the liposome 2000 diluted with the serum-free medium was uniformly mixed with the diluted plasmid (total capacity 100-1000 ul), added to the well containing the cells and the medium after the incubation, and then the well plate was placed in a CO 2 culture. Incubate in the chamber for 48 h at 37 °C.
- NIH3T3 was inoculated into a 12-well plate at a cell density of 1.5E5 cells/well.
- the medium was DMEM containing 5% FBS, no double antibody, and the cell density was 90-% after transfection. 95%.
- a cyclopamine (CPM) analog S1-4 was prepared. Referring to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the preparation process was as follows:
- the compound S1-4 has favorable inhibitory properties and its inhibition coefficient is the largest among all the tested compounds, and thus it can be preferably used as a compound for treating respiratory syncytial virus infection.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物及其制备方法与用途。所述化合物是环杷明的化学类似物,具有抑制呼吸道合胞病毒复制的特性,不具有抑制Hedgehog信号通路的特性。所述制备方法通过药物化学合成环杷明的化学类似物,通过两个并行开展的体外试验筛选类似物。所述化合物可用于治疗呼吸道病毒感染、副黏液病毒感染、呼吸道合胞病毒感染、由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的毛细支气管炎、由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的肺炎、由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的中耳炎,不具有导致胎儿畸形的毒副作用,克服了环杷明的致畸特性,填补了治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的药物、特别是儿科药物的空白。
Description
本发明涉及生物医药技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物及其制备方法与用途。
毛细支气管炎是一种严重的下呼吸道传染性疾病,主要是由副粘病毒科的病毒所引起。人类呼吸道合胞病毒(Human respiratory syncytial virus,hRSV)是引起2岁以下儿童、老年人、免疫力弱者和移植患者发病的主要原因。到目前为止,没有疫苗或获批准的有效的药物来预防或治疗hRSV的感染。免疫性药物帕利珠单克隆抗体被批准用于高危患者,这些患者仅包括早产婴儿和患有原发性疾病的婴儿。广谱抗病毒药利巴韦林小分子可用于治疗感染,但有相当大的副作用且疗效有限。在过去的十年中,一些针对hRSV入侵细胞或复制阶段的候选药物已经发展到临床前或临床开发阶段。
hRSV的基因组RNA(vRNA)由病毒核蛋白(N)包裹,形成一个N:RNA化合物,称为核衣壳。RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RdRp)将这种核糖核蛋白复合物作为信使核糖核酸(mRNA)转录以及基因组或反基因组核糖核酸RNA复制的模板,RdRp是由2个主要的病毒蛋白,即磷蛋白P和聚合酶L组成。聚合酶L与核蛋白N结合并将聚合酶L结合到vRNA上,在这个过程中,RdRp复合物中的磷蛋白P是聚合酶L必不可少的辅助因子。在病毒生命周期中RdRp可高效处理RNA,而M2-1和M2-2就是RdRp的两个辅助因子。M2-1是一个四聚体转录延伸因子,通过其核心领域以竞争的方式与RNA和磷蛋白P结合。M2-1是抗转录终止子,防止基因内和基因间的转录提前终止。虽然体外实验已经表明M2-1优先结合积极的病毒基因端(gene end,GE)和多聚腺苷酸(poly-A)序列,但是M2-1提高转录效率的确切机制尚不完全清楚。
最近,环杷明(cyclopamine,CPM)和白藜芦(蒜藜芦碱)被确定为hRSV体外复制的高效的、特异性的抑制剂。CPM是一种smoothened蛋白(SMO)受体拮抗剂,SMO是Sonic Hedgehog信号通路(Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway,Shhp)的7-跨膜受体。Sonic Hedgehog信号通路(Shhp)在胚胎发育、细胞分化和肿瘤发生过程中起作用。环杷明是一种自然产生的化学物质,属于甾体介藜芦生物碱类。这是一种从玉米百合(加州藜芦)中分离得到的致畸剂,能导致致命的先天性缺陷,可导致胎儿患前脑无裂畸形和独眼畸形。环杷明化合物造成以上不良后果就是通过抑制Hedgehog信号通路(Hh)实现的。
环杷明的致畸特性在很大程度上妨碍了将其开发为治疗hRSV感染的儿科用药。这些特性可能使受治疗患者产生严重的副反应。
发明内容
为了克服环杷明的致畸特性,填补治疗呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染的药物、特别是儿科药物的空白,本发明提供一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物及其制备方法与用途。所述化合物能够特异性地抑制呼吸道合胞病毒的复制能力,而不会抑制Hedgehog(Hh)信号通路,从而达到既能够有效治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染,又可以消除环杷明致畸特性的目的。
为实现上述目标,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物,所述化合物是环杷明的化学类似物,具有抑制呼吸道合胞病毒复制的特性,不具有抑制Hedgehog信号通路的特性。
所述化合物是一类新的化学实体,包括S1-2和S1-4,以及所有可能的具有抑制呼吸道合胞病毒复制特性而不具有抑制Hedgehog信号通路特性的环杷明的化学类似物。
在公开号为CN101631463A的中国专利中,公开了一系列的环巴胺及其类似物的结构。这样的结构类似物也在美国专利申请
US20080293754 A1中有所记载。
一个典型的环巴胺结构如式1所示。
在另一优选例中,所述环巴胺类似物结构如式I所示,
式中,R1是H、烷基、氨基、亚磺酰氨基、磺酰氨基、-OC(O)R5、-N(R5)C(O)R5或糖;
R2是H、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、环烷基、腈或杂环烷基;或者R1和R2一起形成=O、=S、=N(R)、=N(NR2)或=C(R)2;
R3是H、烷基、烯基或炔基;
R4是H、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳烷基、杂芳基、杂芳烷基、卤代烷基、-OR5、-C(O)R5、-CO2R5、-SO2R5、-C(O)N(R5)(R5)、-[C(R)2]q-R5、-[(W)-N(R)C(O)]qR5、-[(W)-C(O)]qR5、-[(W)-C(O)O]qR5、-[(W)-OC(O)]qR5、-[(W)-SO2]qR5、-[(W)-N(R5)SO2]qR5、-[(W)-C(O)N(R5)]qR5、-[(W)-O]qR5、-[(W)-N(R)]qR5、-W-NR5
3+X-或-[(W)-S]qR5;
其中,W各自独立地是二价烷基;
R各自独立地是H或烷基;
q各自独立地是1、2、3、4、5或6;
X-是卤素;
R5各自独立地是H、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳烷基、杂芳基、杂芳烷基或-[C(R)2]p-R6;其中p为0-6;或者同一取代基上的任何两个R5可一起形成含有0-3个杂原子的4-8元任选取代的环,所述杂原子选自N、O、S或P;R6各自独立地是羟基、-N(R)COR、-N(R)C(O)OR、-N(R)SO2(R)、-C(O)N(R)2、-OC(O)N(R)(R)、-SO2N(R)(R)、-N(R)(R)、-COOR、-C(O)N(OH)(R)、-OS(O)2OR、-S(O)2OR、-OP(O)(OR)(OR)、-NP(O)(OR)(OR)或-P(O)(OR)(OR);限制条件是,当R2、R3和R4是H时;R1不是羟基或糖;限制条件还有,当R4是羟基时,R1不是糖或羟基;限制条件还有,当R4是羟基时,R1和R2一起不是C=O。
在另一优选例中,所述环巴胺及其类似物包括结构如式II所示的化合物,
式中,R1是H、OH、烷基、氨基、亚磺酰氨基、磺酰氨基、-OC(O)R5、-N(R5)C(O)R5或糖;
R2是H、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、环烷基、腈或杂环烷基;
R3是H、烷基、烯基或炔基;
R4是H、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳烷基、杂芳基、杂芳烷基、卤代烷基、-OR5、-C(O)R5、-CO2R5、-SO2R5、-C(O)N(R5)(R5)、-[C(R)2]q-R5、-[(W)-N(R)C(O)]qR5、-[(W)-C(O)]qR5、-[(W)-C(O)O]qR5、-[(W)-OC(O)]qR5、-[(W)-SO2]qR5、-[(W)-N(R5)SO2]qR5、-[(W)-C(O)N(R5)]qR5、-[(W)-O]qR5、-[(W)-N(R)]qR5、-W-NR5
3+X-或-[(W)-S]qR5;
其中,W各自独立地是二价烷基;
R各自独立地是H或烷基;
q各自独立地是1、2、3、4、5或6;
X-是卤素;
R5各自独立地是H、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳烷基、杂芳基、杂芳烷基或-[C(R)2]p-R6;其中p为0-6;或者同一取代基上的任何两个R5可一起形成含有0-3个杂原子的4-8
元任选取代的环,所述杂原子选自N、O、S或P;R6各自独立地是羟基、-N(R)COR、-N(R)C(O)OR、-N(R)SO2(R)、-C(O)N(R)2、-OC(O)N(R)(R)、-SO2N(R)(R)、-N(R)(R)、-COOR、-C(O)N(OH)(R)、-OS(O)2OR、-S(O)2OR、-OP(O)(OR)(OR)、-NP(O)(OR)(OR)或-P(O)(OR)(OR)。
在另一优选例中,所述式II中,R1选自OH、H、取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基;
R2选自取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基、烯基、炔基;
R3选自取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基、烯基、炔基;
R4选自取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基、烯基、炔基;
其中所述取代是指,烃基上的一个或多个氢原子被选自下组的取代基取代:C1~C10烷基、C3~C10环烷基、C1~C10烷氧基、羟基、羧基、C1~C10羰基、C1~C10酰胺基、C2~C10酯基、C6~C30芳基、卤素原子、氰基和硫醚基。
在另一优选例中,所述R1为OH,所述R2为甲基,所述R3为甲基,所述R4为甲基。
所述S1-2的结构如式Ⅲ所示,是在所述式II中,对R1和R4进行取代而生成。
所述S1-4的结构如式Ⅳ所示,是在所述式II中,对R1和R4进行取代而生成。
所述S1-2与所述S1-4结构上的区别是,以不同的基团取代式II中的R1。
一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物制备方法,所述制备方法通过药物化学合成环杷明的化学类似物,通过两个并行开展的体外试验筛选类似物。所述的两个并行开展的体外试验是:(1)基于细胞的实验,测量RSV在易感细胞中的复制能力,和(2)基于细胞的实验,测量一种分子抑制sonic hedgehog(Hh)通路的水平,这种抑制效果体现在该分子对SAG诱导的Smo依赖性的基因转录事件的干扰水平。
一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)合成化合物。
2)筛选化合物。
所述合成化合物步骤包括两个子步骤:
1)制备中间物;
2)制备化合物。
所述筛选化合物步骤包括四个子步骤:
1)测试化合物对呼吸道合胞病毒复制的抑制作用;
2)测试化合物对Hn信号通路的抑制作用;
3)计算呼吸道合胞病毒复制和Hh活性抑制系数;
4)筛选化合物。
所述制备中间物的过程是:首先,将环巴明和三乙胺溶解于干的二氯甲烷DCM中;其次,在0℃条件下将溶于DCM的三氟乙酸酐(TFAA)加入溶液中;第三,将反应混合物缓慢加热到15℃并持续搅拌16h;第四,通过液相色谱法-质谱法(LCMS)确认起始的原料完全耗尽;第五,将反应混合物浓缩,残渣用甲醇稀释;第六,将得到的悬浮液加热到70℃并保温1h;第七,将反应混合物冷却至15℃;最后,通过过滤得到呈白色固体的中间物。
所述制备化合物的过程是:首先,将中间物和三乙胺溶解于DCM,用冰浴冷却;其次,将溶于DCM的异氰酸基乙烷加入到溶液中;第三,在45℃条件下将反应混合物搅拌48h;第四,通过薄层色谱法(TLC)显示,起始的物料已完全消耗;第五,将反应物在真空环境下浓缩;第六,用甲醇清洗残渣;第七,通过过滤收集得到呈白色固体状的化合物。
所述测试化合物对呼吸道合胞病毒复制的抑制作用,包括以下过程:首先,采用人类呼吸道合胞病毒Long株(美国模式培养物库-ATCC编号VR-26)和HEp-2细胞(ATCC编号CCL-23)进行感染实验;其次,HEp-2细胞所用培养基为DMEM,并添加青霉素/链霉素和10%胎牛血清FBS,在37℃、5%CO2的环境下培养细胞;第三,病毒在Hep-2细胞中进行传代,其培养条件与上述正常细胞相同,仅胎牛血
清浓度不同,为2%;第四,在制备病毒毒种时,对单层Hep-2细胞以低感染复数(MOI)的方式进行感染,MOI=0.1,培养两到三天后,将细胞和含有病毒的上清液置于-80℃环境中进行充分冷冻,以及室温充分溶解,使得病毒培养物充分释放;第五,将上述病毒培养物在4℃条件下以2000×g的转速离心10分钟,上清液经均质、分装后,存储在-20℃的环境中;第六,通过斑点形成试验,进一步用斑点减少的程度来评价化合物潜在的抗hRSV的效力,在斑点计数时选择斑点数在50-100个之间的孔进行计数;在对化合物的测试过程中,可以在4℃条件下对病毒吸附阶段用化合物处理1小时,以分析化合物在病毒入侵过程中的作用,可以在37℃条件下对病毒吸附后的阶段用化合物处理72小时,以分析化合物在病毒复制过程中的作用,可以在病毒感染的全程阶段进行化合物处理,以分析化合物在病毒感染全过程中的作用;达到抑制50%病毒复制功效的化合物浓度(IC50)的计算是由斑点计数(病毒吸附阶段分析)或斑点尺寸测量(病毒复制阶段分析)并借助GraphPad Prism软件(GraphPad Software,美国加利福尼亚的拉霍亚市)经非线性回归分析确定;第七,在评估化合物的细胞毒性时,我们使用CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay试剂盒(美国威斯康星州麦迪逊的Promega公司制造)并按照试剂盒操作说明来分析在上述试验条件下待检化合物对细胞活力的影响。
所述测试化合物对Hn信号通路的抑制作用,包括以下过程:首先,提前一天将NIH3T3细胞接种于6孔板(3×105细胞/孔),或12孔板(1.5×10105细胞/孔),用含5%胎牛血清且不含抗生素的DMEM培养基培养,以确保在转染时达到90-95%的汇合;其次,将无血清培养基稀释的脂质体2000与稀释后的质粒混合均匀(总容量100-1000ul),孵育后将其添加到含细胞和培养基的孔中,然后将孔板放入CO2培养箱中在37℃条件下孵育48h;第三,在转染48h后,
加入SAG直至其浓度达到0.5uM,同时添加各种浓度的环杷明(CPM)类似物;第四,继续培养48h后,将细胞清洗、裂解后转移到一个96孔的白板上;第五,添加LAR II试剂(Promega,双荧光素酶报告系统,E1910)并在发光阅读器中读取样本的数值。
在Hh信号通路抑制试验中,所述添加的环杷明(CPM)类似物是从所述抗呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)试验中选定的类似物,即能够有效抑制呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)复制的环杷明(CPM)类似物,通过Hh信号通路抑制试验,测试这些类似物对SAG诱导的Smo依赖性的基因表达的抑制效果,即与环杷明(CPM)类似的作用效果,分析它们的抑制水平的高低。
为了评估环杷明(CPM)类似物(cpd)对Hh通路抑制作用与对呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)复制抑制作用的差异,我们定义了抑制系数(ICrh):
所述公式中的分母是环杷明(CPM)的抑制比,即对RSV复制的抑制能力与对Hh信号通路抑制能力的比值,分子是CPM类似物的抑制比,亦即所制取的化合物的抑制比。由上述抑制系数的定义可知:如果受测的化合物是CPM,则抑制系数为1。如果受测的化合物是一种环杷明(CPM)类似物,则一个小于1的系数表明一种不利的抑制特性,比如,抗呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)活性较低,而对Hh通道的抑制性依然强劲;一个大于1的系数则表明一种有利的抑制特性。
所述筛选化合物子步骤,是指选取抑制系数大于1的化合物,筛除抑制系数小于1的化合物,并且优选系数大的化合物。
所述化合物能够用于治疗由呼吸道病毒感染引起的疾病,具体包括:呼吸道病毒感染、副黏液病毒感染、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染、由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的毛细支气管炎、由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的肺炎、由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的中耳炎。所述化合物不具有导致胎儿畸形的毒副作用。
本发明的优点和有益效果为:
1)本发明提供的化合物能够有效地治疗下述疾病:呼吸道病毒感染、副黏液病毒感染、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染、由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的毛细支气管炎、由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的肺炎、由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的中耳炎。
2)本发明提供的化合物不具有导致胎儿畸形的毒副作用。
3)本发明提供的制备方法可以制取多种能够治疗呼吸道合胞病毒的化合物,并且能够保证所制取的化合物不具有毒副作用。
4)本发明提供的制备方法简单易行,材料来源广泛,制取成本较低,具有很高的经济价值。
5)本发明提供的化合物,填补了治疗呼吸道合胞病毒的药物、特别是儿科药物的空白,具有重大的社会价值。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
图1为本发明所述的制备方法流程示意图。
图2为本发明所述的制备中间物的过程示意图。
图3为本发明所述的制备化合物的过程示意图。
图4为本发明所述的化合物抑制呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)复制的效果。
图中反映,在呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)复制检测实验中监测两种浓度(2μm,8μm)的化合物的功效。在对照组(没有添加任何化合
物)的复制率为100%。在加入环杷明(CPM)的情况下,复制率为0%。与对照组相比,加入环杷明的类似物s2-6和C2-2至C2-4都能抑制一定百分比的复制率。
图5为本发明所述的化合物对SMO相关抗原诱导基因表达的抑制作用。
图中反映,在hedgehog(Hh)信号通路试验中对浓度为10μM的各类化合物进行了测试。在对照组(未添加任何化合物,存在SAG)中基因表达率为100%。在环杷明(CPM)存在的情况下,基因表达显著地减少了56%。环杷明的类似物S1-2和S1-4对基因表达的抑制作用并不显著,抑制率分别为36%和5%。这些数据表明了这样的原理:衍生于环杷明的甾体生物碱分子的抗呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)活性可以与Smo依赖的对Hh信号通路的抑制活性相分离。
图6为本发明提供的各种环杷明(CPM)类似物的抑制系数(ICrh)。
实施例1
制备一种环杷明(CPM)类似物S1-2,参见附图1、附图2和附图3,制备过程如下:
1)制备中间物。首先,将环巴明(498.06mg,1.21mmol/L,1.00eq)和三乙胺(489.76mg,4.84mmol/L,4.00eq)溶解于干的二氯甲烷DCM(4mL);其次,在0℃条件下将溶于DCM(1mL)的三氟乙酸酐(762.41mg,3.63mmol,3.00eq)加入溶液中;第三,将反应混合物缓慢加热到15℃并持续搅拌16h;第四,通过液相色谱法-质谱法(LCMS)显示起始的原料完全耗尽,目标产品RT=0.996min,25%,副产品过三氟乙酸RT=1.125min,47%;第五,将反应混合物浓缩,残渣用(15毫升)甲醇稀释;第六,将得到的悬浮液加热到70℃并保温1小时;第七,将反应混合物冷却至15℃;最后,通过过滤收集不溶的固体,得到呈白色固体的中间物(346.00mg,681.60umol,产出率56.33%)。
2)制备化合物S1-2。首先,将中间物(130.00mg,256.09umol,1.00eq)和三乙胺(182.00mg,1.80mmol,7.02eq)溶解于DCM(2mL),用冰浴冷却;其次,将溶于DCM(0.5mL)的异氰酸基乙烷(125.00mg,1.76mmol,6.87eq)加入到溶液中;第三,在45℃条件下将反应混合物搅拌48h,薄层色谱法(TLC)显示,起始的物料完全消耗;第四,将反应物在真空环境下浓缩;第五,用甲醇(2.5ml)清洗残渣;第六,通过过滤得到呈白色固体的目标产品S1-2(30.00mg,51.84umol,20.24%产出率)。
3)测试S1-2对呼吸道合胞病毒复制的抑制作用。采用人类呼吸道合胞病毒(hRSV)Long株(美国模式培养物库-ATCC编号VR-26)和HEp-2细胞(ATCC编号CCL-23)进行感染实验;HEp-2细胞所用培养基为DMEM,并添加青霉素/链霉素和10%胎牛血清FBS,在37℃、5%CO2的环境下培养细胞;病毒在Hep-2细胞中进行传代,其培养条件与上述正常细胞相同,仅胎牛血清浓度不同,为2%;在制备病毒毒种时,对单层Hep-2细胞以低感染复数(MOI)的方式进行感染,MOI=0.1,培养两到三天后,将细胞和含有病毒的上清液置于-80℃环境中进行充分冷冻,以及室温充分溶解,使得病毒培养物充分释放;将上述病毒培养物在4℃条件下以2000×g的转速离心10分钟,上清液经均质、分装后,存储在-20℃的环境中。通过斑点形成试验,进一步用斑点减少的程度来评价化合物潜在的抗hRSV的效力,在斑点计数时选择斑点数在50-100个之间的孔进行计数。在对化合物的测试过程中,可以在4℃条件下对病毒吸附阶段用化合物处理1小时,以分析化合物在病毒入侵过程中的作用,可以在37℃条件下对病毒吸附后的阶段用化合物处理72小时,以分析化合物在病毒复制过程中的作用,可以在病毒感染的全程阶段进行化合物处理,以分
析化合物在病毒感染全过程中的作用。达到抑制50%病毒复制功效的化合物浓度(IC50)的计算是由斑点计数(病毒吸附阶段分析)或斑点尺寸测量(病毒复制阶段分析)并借助GraphPad Prism软件(GraphPad Software,美国加利福尼亚的拉霍亚市)经非线性回归分析确定。在评估化合物的细胞毒性时,我们使用CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay试剂盒(美国威斯康星州麦迪逊的Promega公司制造)并按照试剂盒操作说明来分析在上述试验条件下待检化合物对细胞活力的影响。
详细的操作步骤如下:
第一天:细胞接种-将Hep2细胞以2E5/孔的密度接种在24孔板中,使用0.5ml的含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基培养,培养条件37℃,5%CO2,培养时间16~24h。
第二天:药物处理和病毒感染。
1.药物稀释:稀释液是含有25%DMSO的DMEM,将药物浓度稀释到800μM和200μM;
2.病毒稀释:稀释液是含有2%胎牛血清的DMEM,hRSV病毒毒种是hRSV Long-P9(2.9E7pfu/ml),保存在-80℃,毒种的融化和使用均在冰上进行,MOI=0.1;
3.药物处理和病毒感染:将24孔板中原有培养基弃掉,PBS清洗细胞一次,加入稀释的病毒液0.5ml,稀释的药物5μl,使得病毒感染复数MOI=0.1,并且药物的终浓度是8μM或2μM;
4.将上述细胞板置于37℃,5%CO2条件下培养3天,并观察细胞病变;
第四天:使用新的Hep2细胞铺板用于滴度检测。
将HEp-2细胞以1.5E5/孔的密度接种在24孔板中,在37℃,5%CO2条件下培养16~24h。
第五天:收集病毒并进行病毒滴度检测。
1.将第二天处理的24孔板放置于-80℃超低温冰箱1h,然后置于冰上融化,将孔中的病毒液收集到离心管中(冰上进行)。将以上离心管进行8000rpm离心5min,然后取出50μl上清液用于病毒滴度检测,剩余的病毒样本保存在-80℃超低温冰箱中;
2.病毒稀释:准备6个1.5ml的离心管,标记后置于冰上,加入270μl的含2%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基,从待检病毒样本原液开始,30μl加入到270μl的稀释液中,以此方式继续稀释,获得10-1到10-6的病毒稀释液;
3.弃掉细胞培养基,PBS清洗细胞1次;
4.将200μl的病毒稀释液对应地加入到单层的HEp-2细胞中;
5.在37℃,5%CO2条件下孵育1.5h,并且每15min振荡细胞培养板一次;
6.期间将含0.8%CMC,2%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基置于37℃水浴锅中1h,当病毒感染1.5h后,弃掉病毒液,PBS清洗细胞2次,最终加入500μl的0.8%CMC,2%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基,在37℃,5%CO2条件下培养3天。
第八天:
1.弃掉含CMC的培养基,在冰上使用PBS清洗细胞1次;
2.使用4%的多聚甲醛固定液固定细胞20min,之后用PBS清洗1次,风干;
3.使用含0.25%tritonX-100的PBS处理细胞20min,之后用PBS清洗3次,每次4min;
4.在孔中加入200μl的稀释后的一抗(hRSV-F抗体,1:1000),一抗用含有5%脱脂奶的PBS进行稀释,室温孵育1h;
5.使用含有0.02%Tween20的PBS进行孔板的洗涤,共洗3次,每次4min;
6.在孔中加入200μl的稀释后的二抗(HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse,1:6000),二抗用含有5%脱脂奶的PBS进行稀释,室温孵育1h;
7.使用含有0.02%Tween20的PBS进行孔板的洗涤,共洗3次,每次4min;
8.在孔中加入200μl True Blue substrate,室温避光反应超过10min,直至蓝色斑点出现;
9.使用流水冲洗孔板;
10.将孔板干燥,并进行蓝色斑点的计数。
参见附图4,可知化合物S1-2对呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)复制能力的抑制比率的最大值为99%。
4)测试S1-2对Hn信号通路的抑制作用。提前一天将NIH3T3
细胞接种于6孔板(3×105细胞/孔),或12孔板(1.5×105细胞/孔),用含5%胎牛血清且不含抗生素的DMEM培养基培养,以确保在转染时达到90-95%的汇合。将无血清培养基稀释的脂质体2000与稀释后的质粒混合均匀(总容量100-1000ul),孵育后将其添加到含细胞和培养基的孔中,然后将孔板放入CO2培养箱中在37℃条件下孵育48h。在转染48h后,加入SAG直至其浓度达到0.5μM,同时添加各种浓度的环杷明(CPM)类似物。继续培养48h后,将细胞清洗、裂解后转移到一个96孔的白板上。添加LAR II试剂(Promega,双荧光素酶报告系统,E1910)并在发光阅读器中读取样本的数值。
详细的操作步骤如下:
第一天:在转染前一天,将NIH3T3接种于12孔板中,细胞密度为1.5E5cell/well,培养基为含有5%FBS的DMEM,无双抗,培养至转染时细胞密度在90-95%。
第二天:按照Lipofectamine 2000的操作说明书进行转染试剂和质粒的准备:
1.使用250μl的Opti-MEM稀释DNA(包括Gli-binding site-luciferase表达质粒和Renilla的表达质粒pRL-TK,二者比例为50:1),轻柔混匀;
2.将Lipofectamine 2000轻柔混匀,并在新的无菌离心管中使用250μl的Opti-MEM稀释,轻柔混匀;
3.当Lipofectamine 2000的孵育时间在5-30min范围内时,将稀释后的DNA与稀释后的Lipofectamine 2000轻柔混匀,室温作用20min,使二者形成稳定的复合体;
4.将DNA-Lipofectamine 2000复合体加入到细胞中,并将板轻柔地前后振荡混匀;
5.复合体与细胞孵育4-6h后,将培养基弃掉,加入生长培养基,并在37℃,5%CO2条件下培养48h。
第四天:在转染48h后,进行药物的稀释,稀释液是含有0.5%FBS、0.25%DMSO的DMEM培养基。将SAG化合物稀释至浓度为1μM,将CPM及其类似物稀释至浓度为20μM。取250μl 1μM SAG和250μl20μM CPM(或其类似物)至同一个孔中,使得SAG终浓度是0.5μM,且CPM或其类似物终浓度是10μM。
第五天:
1.弃掉生长培养基,PBS清洗细胞1次,弃掉;
2.按照双荧光素酶报告基因检测试剂盒(Promega,E1910)说明书进行细胞裂解,每孔加入100μl裂解液,室温晃动培养板15min;
3.取20μl裂解产物至96孔白板中,并加入50μl LAR II,读取萤火虫荧光素酶的信号值;
4.再加入50ul stop&Glo试剂,读取海参荧光素酶的信号值。
记录以上数据,并进行比值的计算。将所有数值扣除空白孔的背景值之后,将仅含SAG(DMSO对照)的组别中萤火虫荧光素酶的信
号值看做1,其他组计算比值,标记为比值1,将仅含SAG(DMSO对照)的组别中海参荧光素酶的信号值看做1,其他组计算比值,标记为比值2,最后计算比值1与比值2的比值,得到数据为该组处理的萤火虫荧光素酶的相对表达水平(百分比)。
参见附图5,可知环杷明(CPM)的类似物S1-2对基因表达的抑制作用并不显著,抑制率仅为36%。这些数据表明,衍生于环杷明(CPM)的甾体生物碱分子的抗呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)活性可以与Smo依赖引起的对Hh信号通路的抑制活性相分离。
5)计算化合物S1-2的呼吸道合胞病毒复制和Hh活性抑制系数。参见附图6,可知化合物S1-2的呼吸道合胞病毒复制和Hh活性抑制系数为1.44596,大于1,所以具有有利的抑制特性。
6)筛选化合物S1-2。参见附图6,可知化合物S1-2具备有利的抑制特性,因此可以作为治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物。
实施例2
制备一种环杷明(CPM)类似物S1-4,参见附图1、附图2和附图3,制备过程如下:
1)制备中间物。制备过程同实施例1。
2)制备化合物S1-4。制备过程同实施例1。
3)测试S1-4对呼吸道合胞病毒复制的抑制作用。测试过程同实施例1。参见附图4,可知化合物S1-4对呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)复制能力的抑制比率的最大值为88%。
4)测试S1-4对Hn信号通路的抑制作用。测试过程同实施例1。参见附图5,可知环杷明(CPM)的类似物S1-4对基因表达的抑制作
用并不显著,抑制率仅为5%。这些数据表明,衍生于环杷明(CPM)的甾体生物碱分子的抗呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)活性可以与Smo依赖引起的对Hh信号通路的抑制活性相分离。
5)计算化合物S1-4的呼吸道合胞病毒复制和Hh活性抑制系数。参见附图6,可知化合物S1-4的呼吸道合胞病毒复制和Hh活性抑制系数为1.6172823,大于1,所以具有有利的抑制特性。
6)筛选化合物S1-4。参见附图6,可知化合物S1-4具备有利的抑制特性,且其抑制系数是所有受测化合物中最大者,因此可以优选作为治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物。
最后应说明的是:显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。
Claims (13)
- 一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物,其特征在于:所述化合物是环杷明的化学类似物,具有抑制呼吸道合胞病毒复制的特性,不具有抑制Hedgehog信号通路的特性。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物,其特征在于:所述化合物是一类新的化学实体,包括所有可能的具有抑制呼吸道合胞病毒复制特性而不具有抑制Hedgehog信号通路特性的环杷明的化学类似物,S1-2和S1-4是其中的两个实例;其中,所述环杷明的化学类似物包括在公开号为CN101631463A的中国专利中所披露的环巴明的化学类似物;或者,所述环巴明及其化学类似物包括结构如式Ⅱ所示的化合物,式中,R1是H、OH、烷基、氨基、亚磺酰氨基、磺酰氨基、-OC(O)R5、-N(R5)C(O)R5或糖;R2是H、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、环烷基、腈或杂环烷基;R3是H、烷基、烯基或炔基;R4是H、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳烷基、 杂芳基、杂芳烷基、卤代烷基、-OR5、-C(O)R5、-CO2R5、-SO2R5、-C(O)N(R5)(R5)、-[C(R)2]q-R5、-[(W)-N(R)C(O)]qR5、-[(W)-C(O)]qR5、-[(W)-C(O)O]qR5、-[(W)-OC(O)]qR5、-[(W)-SO2]qR5、-[(W)-N(R5)SO2]qR5、-[(W)-C(O)N(R5)]qR5、-[(W)-O]qR5、-[(W)-N(R)]qR5、-W-NR5 3+X-或-[(W)-S]qR5;其中,W各自独立地是二价烷基;R各自独立地是H或烷基;q各自独立地是1、2、3、4、5或6;X-是卤素;R5各自独立地是H、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳烷基、杂芳基、杂芳烷基或-[C(R)2]p-R6;其中p为0-6;或者同一取代基上的任何两个R5可一起形成含有0-3个杂原子的4-8元任选取代的环,所述杂原子选自N、O、S或P;R6各自独立地是羟基、-N(R)COR、-N(R)C(O)OR、-N(R)SO2(R)、-C(O)N(R)2、-OC(O)N(R)(R)、-SO2N(R)(R)、-N(R)(R)、-COOR、-C(O)N(OH)(R)、-OS(O)2OR、-S(O)2OR、-OP(O)(OR)(OR)、-NP(O)(OR)(OR)或-P(O)(OR)(OR);在另一优选例中,所述式II中,R1选自OH、H、取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基;R2选自取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基、烯基、炔基;R3选自取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基、烯基、炔基;R4选自取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基、烯基、炔基;其中所述取代是指,烃基上的一个或多个氢原子被选自下组的取代基取代:C1~C10烷基、C3~C10环烷基、C1~C10烷氧基、羟基、羧基、C1~C10羰基、C1~C10酰胺基、C2~C10酯基、C6~C30芳基、卤素原子、氰基和硫醚基;在另一优选例中,所述R1为OH,所述R2为甲基,所述R3为甲基,所述R4为甲基;所述S1-2的结构如式Ⅲ所示,是在所述式II中,对R1和R4进行取代而生成;所述S1-4的结构如式Ⅳ所示,是在所述式II中,对R1和R4进行取代而生成;所述S1-2与所述S1-4结构上的区别是,以不同的基团取代式II中的R1。
- 一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法通过药物化学合成环杷明的化学类似物,通过两个并行开展的体外试验筛选类似物;所述的两个并行开展的体外试验是:(1)基于细胞的实验,测量呼吸道合胞病毒在易感细胞中的复 制能力,和(2)基于细胞的实验,测量一种分子抑制sonic hedgehog通路的水平,这种抑制效果体现在该分子对SAG诱导的Smo依赖性的基因转录事件的干扰水平。
- 如权利要求3所述的一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:1)合成化合物;2)筛选化合物。
- 如权利要求3或4所述的一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物制备方法,其特征在于,所述合成化合物步骤包括两个子步骤:1)制备中间物;2)制备化合物。
- 如权利要求3或4所述的一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物制备方法,其特征在于,所述筛选化合物步骤包括四个子步骤:1)测试化合物对呼吸道合胞病毒复制的抑制作用;2)测试化合物对Hn信号通路的抑制作用;3)计算呼吸道合胞病毒复制和Hh活性抑制系数;4)筛选化合物。
- 如权利要求3或4或5所述的一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备中间物的过程是:首先,将环巴明和三乙胺溶解于干的二氯甲烷DCM中;其次,在0℃条件下将溶于DCM的三氟乙酸酐加入溶液中;第三,将反应混合物缓慢加热到15℃并持续搅拌16h;第四,通过液相色谱法-质谱法确认起始的原料完全耗尽;第五,将反应混合物浓缩,残渣用甲醇稀释;第六,将得到的悬浮液加热到70℃并保温1h;第七,将反应混合物冷却至15℃;最后,通过过滤得到呈白色固体的中间物。
- 如权利要求3或4或5所述的一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备化合物的过程是:首先,将中间物和三乙胺溶解于DCM,用冰浴冷却;其次,将溶于DCM的 异氰酸基乙烷加入到溶液中;第三,在45℃条件下将反应混合物搅拌48h;第四,通过薄层色谱法显示,起始的物料已完全消耗;第五,将反应物在真空环境下浓缩;第六,用甲醇清洗残渣;第七,通过过滤得到呈白色固体状的化合物。
- 如权利要求3或4或6所述的一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物制备方法,其特征在于,所述测试化合物对呼吸道合胞病毒复制的抑制作用,包括以下过程:首先,采用人类呼吸道合胞病毒Long株和HEp-2细胞进行感染实验;其次,HEp-2细胞所用培养基为DMEM,并添加青霉素/链霉素和10%胎牛血清FBS,在37℃、5%CO2的环境下培养细胞;第三,病毒在Hep-2细胞中进行传代,其培养条件与上述正常细胞相同,仅胎牛血清浓度不同,为2%;第四,在制备病毒毒种时,对单层Hep-2细胞进行低感染复数MOI的方式进行感染,MOI=0.1,培养两到三天后,将细胞和含有病毒的上清液置于-80℃中进行充分冷冻,以及室温充分溶解,使得病毒培养物充分释放;第五,将上述病毒培养物在4℃条件下以2000×g的转速离心10分钟,上清液经均质、分装后,存储在-20℃的环境中;第六,通过斑点形成试验,进一步用斑点减少的程度来评价化合物潜在的抗人类呼吸道合胞病毒的效力,在斑点计数时选择斑点数在50-100个之间的孔进行计数;对化合物的测试,可以在4℃条件下对病毒吸附阶段化合物处理1小时,以分析化合物在病毒入侵过程中的作用,可以在37℃条件下对病毒吸附后的阶段化合物处理72小时,以分析化合物在病毒复制过程中的作用,可以在病毒感染的全程阶段进行化合物处理,以分析化合物在病毒感染全过程中的作用;达到抑制50%病毒复制功效的化合物的浓度(IC50)的计算是由斑点计数或斑点尺寸测量并借助GraphPad Prism软件经非线性回归分析确定;第七,在评估化合物的细胞毒性时,使用CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay试剂盒,并按照试剂盒操作说明来分析在上述试验条件下待检化合物对细胞活力的影响。
- 如权利要求3或4或6所述的一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物制备方法,其特征在于,所述测试化合物对Hn信号通路的抑制作用,包括以下过程:首先,提前一天将NIH3T3细胞接种于6孔板或12孔板,用含5%胎牛血清且不含抗生素的DMEM培养基培养,以确保在转染时达到90-95%的汇合;其次,将无血清培养基稀释的脂质体2000与稀释后的质粒混合均匀,孵育后将其添加到含细胞和培养基的孔中,然后将孔板放入CO2培养箱中在37℃条件下孵育48h;第三,在转染48h后,加入SAG直至其浓度达到0.5uM,同时添加各种浓度的环杷明类似物;第四,继续培养48h后,将细胞清洗、裂解后转移到一个96孔的白板上;第五,添加LAR II试剂并在发光阅读器中读取样本的数值;在Hh信号通路抑制试验中,所述添加的环杷明类似物是从所述抗呼吸道合胞病毒复制试验中选定的类似物,即能够有效抑制呼吸道合胞病毒复制的环杷明类似物,通过Hh信号通路抑制试验,测试这些类似物对SAG诱导的Smo依赖性的基因表达的抑制效果,即与环杷明类似的作用效果,分析它们的抑制水平的高低。
- 如权利要求3或4或6所述的一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物制备方法,其特征在于:所述筛选化合物步骤是依据化合物的抑制系数进行,若化合物的抑制系数大于1,则选定此化合物,若化合物的抑制系数小于1,则筛除此化合物。
- 一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物的用途,其特征在于:所述化合物可用于治疗呼吸道病毒感染引起的疾病,并且不会引起对 患者的毒副作用。
- 如权利要求12所述的一种治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的化合物的用途,其特征在于:所述化合物可用于治疗呼吸道病毒感染、副黏液病毒感染、呼吸道合胞病毒感染、由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的毛细支气管炎、由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的肺炎和由呼吸道合胞病毒引起的中耳炎。
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| JP2018517703A JP6588156B2 (ja) | 2016-02-14 | 2017-02-09 | Rsウィルス感染治療用化合物及び治療薬 |
| US15/834,945 US10035816B2 (en) | 2016-02-14 | 2017-12-07 | Compound for treating respiratory syncytial virus infection and preparation method and use thereof |
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| WO2006026430A2 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-09 | Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Cyclopamine analogues and methods of use thereof |
| WO2008083248A2 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-10 | Infinity Discovery, Inc. | Cyclopamine analogs |
| CN105232562A (zh) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-01-13 | 中国科学院上海巴斯德研究所 | 一种人呼吸道合胞病毒的抑制剂和抗病毒药物设计靶点 |
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| US6432970B2 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2002-08-13 | Johns Hopkins University School Of Medicine | Inhibitors of hedgehog signaling pathways, compositions and uses related thereto |
| US7291626B1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2007-11-06 | John Hopkins University School Of Medicine | Inhibitors of hedgehog signaling pathways, compositions and uses related thereto |
| CA2386190C (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2009-04-14 | Johns Hopkins University School Of Medicine | Regulators of the hedgehog pathway, compositions and uses related thereto |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006026430A2 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-09 | Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Cyclopamine analogues and methods of use thereof |
| WO2008083248A2 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-10 | Infinity Discovery, Inc. | Cyclopamine analogs |
| CN105232562A (zh) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-01-13 | 中国科学院上海巴斯德研究所 | 一种人呼吸道合胞病毒的抑制剂和抗病毒药物设计靶点 |
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| BAILLY, B. ET AL.: "Targeting human respiratory syncytial virus transcription antitermination factor M2-1 to inhibit in vivo viral replication", SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, no. 6, 19 May 2016 (2016-05-19), pages 1 - 11, XP055407561 * |
| See also references of EP3345916A4 * |
| ZHOU, JIANXIA ET AL.: "Advances in the Reasearch of a Steroidal Alkaloid Cyclopamine", CHINESE JOURNAL OF NATURAL MEDICINES, vol. 4, no. 6, 30 November 2006 (2006-11-30), pages 468 - 472, XP009505058 * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP6588156B2 (ja) | 2019-10-09 |
| CN105622708A (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
| US10035816B2 (en) | 2018-07-31 |
| JP2019501866A (ja) | 2019-01-24 |
| EP3345916B1 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
| CN105622708B (zh) | 2017-10-10 |
| US20180094021A1 (en) | 2018-04-05 |
| EP3345916A4 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
| EP3345916A1 (en) | 2018-07-11 |
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