WO2017145877A1 - 真空脱ガス設備における溶鋼の精錬方法 - Google Patents
真空脱ガス設備における溶鋼の精錬方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017145877A1 WO2017145877A1 PCT/JP2017/005391 JP2017005391W WO2017145877A1 WO 2017145877 A1 WO2017145877 A1 WO 2017145877A1 JP 2017005391 W JP2017005391 W JP 2017005391W WO 2017145877 A1 WO2017145877 A1 WO 2017145877A1
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- molten steel
- lance
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- blowing lance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0037—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
- C21C7/0645—Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
Definitions
- the present invention uses a vacuum degassing facility, and heats powder such as manganese ore and CaO-based desulfurization agent with a flame formed at the tip of the top blowing lance to the molten steel surface under reduced pressure from the top blowing lance.
- the present invention relates to a molten steel refining method in which low-carbon high-manganese steel, low-sulfur steel, ultra-low-sulfur steel, etc. are melted by projection (spraying).
- low carbon high manganese steel refers to steel having a carbon concentration of 0.05 mass% or less and a manganese concentration of 0.5 mass% or more.
- manganese ore As an inexpensive manganese source used for adjusting the manganese concentration in molten steel used in the steelmaking process, there are manganese ore and high carbon ferromanganese.
- manganese ore When melting the above low carbon high manganese steel, when decarburizing and refining the hot metal in the converter, manganese ore is introduced into the converter as a manganese source to reduce the manganese ore, Increasing the manganese concentration in the molten steel to a predetermined concentration while suppressing the expense of the manganese source by adding high carbon ferromanganese to the molten steel at the time of steel (for example, see Patent Document 1) .)
- the carbon concentration in the molten steel cannot be reduced sufficiently by decarburization refining in the converter due to the reduction of manganese ore, or high Due to the carbon contained in the carbon ferromanganese, the carbon concentration in the molten steel after steel is increased. As a result, when there is a possibility that the carbon concentration in the molten steel exceeds the allowable range of the low-carbon high-manganese steel, it is necessary to separately perform a process (refining) for removing carbon from the molten steel after the steel is produced.
- an undeoxidized state is obtained by exposing the molten steel to an atmosphere under reduced pressure using a vacuum degassing facility such as an RH vacuum degassing apparatus.
- a method of decarburizing using the reaction between dissolved oxygen contained in molten steel (oxygen dissolved in molten steel) and carbon in molten steel, or supplying oxygen source such as oxygen gas to molten steel under reduced pressure A method of decarburizing by oxidizing carbon in molten steel with an oxygen source is known.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that high carbon ferromanganese is introduced into molten steel at the initial stage of vacuum decarburization and refining in a vacuum degassing facility. A method has been proposed.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method in which high carbon ferromanganese is introduced during a period until 20% of the processing time of vacuum decarburization refining elapses when melting ultra-low carbon steel in a vacuum degassing facility. Has been proposed.
- Patent Document 5 proposes a method of vacuum decarburizing and refining molten steel by adding manganese ore with a vacuum degassing device to molten steel that regulates the carbon concentration in molten steel and the molten steel temperature at the time of converter blowing. .
- Patent Document 6 and Patent Document 7 when the molten steel discharged from the converter is vacuum decarburized and refined with an RH vacuum degassing apparatus, the MnO powder is transferred together with the carrier gas toward the molten steel surface in the vacuum chamber.
- a method of vacuum decarburization refining by blowing up or manganese ore powder.
- Patent Document 8 manganese ore powder is blown into the molten steel in the vacuum tank of the RH vacuum degassing apparatus together with the carrier gas through a nozzle provided on the side wall of the vacuum tank, and decarburization of the molten steel is performed by oxygen in the manganese ore.
- a vacuum decarburization refining method has been proposed that increases the concentration of manganese in molten steel.
- a method of performing a desulfurization process on the molten steel after being discharged from the converter is a method of injecting a desulfurizing agent into the molten steel in the ladle, and after adding the desulfurizing agent to the molten steel in the ladle, the molten steel and the desulfurizing agent
- Various methods have been proposed in the past, such as a method of stirring the mixture.
- these methods add a new process (desulfurization process) during the period from the converter steel to the processing in the vacuum degassing equipment, which lowers the molten steel temperature, increases the manufacturing cost, and increases the productivity. Cause a decline.
- Patent Document 9 As a method for desulfurizing molten steel using a vacuum degassing facility, a CaO-based desulfurization is performed from an upper blowing lance onto a molten steel bath surface in an RH vacuum degassing apparatus equipped with an upper blowing lance.
- a method of desulfurizing molten steel by projecting (spraying) an agent together with a carrier gas has been proposed.
- the molten steel temperature is lowered by the sensible heat and latent heat of the projected oxide powder and the decomposition heat required for thermal decomposition.
- the molten steel temperature is increased in the previous process of the vacuum degassing equipment, or during the refining of the vacuum degassing equipment, metallic aluminum is added to the molten steel, and the aluminum combustion heat The method of raising the molten steel temperature is carried out.
- the method of raising the molten steel temperature in the pre-process of the vacuum degassing facility causes a large wear of the refractory in the pre-process, resulting in an increase in cost.
- the method of increasing the temperature by adding metallic aluminum in a vacuum degassing facility has problems such as a decrease in the cleanliness of the molten steel and an increase in the cost of auxiliary materials due to the generated aluminum oxide. .
- Patent Document 10 proposes a method in which oxide powder such as manganese ore is projected onto the molten steel bath surface while being heated by a burner flame provided at the tip of the top blowing lance.
- Patent Document 11 and Patent Document 12 when a CaO-based desulfurizing agent is projected from an upper blowing lance to desulfurize molten steel, oxygen gas and combustion gas are jetted from the upper blowing lance to tip the upper blowing lance.
- a method has been proposed in which a flame is formed on the surface and the CaO-based desulfurizing agent is heated and melted by the flame to reach the molten steel bath surface.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to use a vacuum degassing equipment and to form a powder such as manganese ore or CaO-based desulfurizing agent at the tip of the top blowing lance.
- a vacuum degassing equipment In the refining method of projecting from the top blowing lance onto the molten steel bath surface while heating at a high temperature, not only the addition yield of powders such as manganese ore and CaO-based desulfurizing agent can be increased, but also the deposition performed via the powder.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for refining molten steel in a vacuum degassing facility that can increase thermal efficiency.
- the lance height of the upper blowing lance is set within a predetermined range, and the upper jet lance is calculated from the density of the jet injected from the upper blowing lance and the flow velocity at the upper blowing lance outlet of the jet. It has been found that by controlling the dynamic pressure P at the outlet of the blow lance within an appropriate range, manganese ore can be projected with a high yield without causing a decrease in the molten steel temperature.
- the present invention has been made based on the above findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.
- the powder is projected toward the molten steel surface in the vacuum tank together with the transfer gas from the center hole provided in the center of the upper blowing lance that can move up and down in the vacuum tank of the vacuum degassing equipment, Supplying a hydrocarbon-based gas from a fuel injection hole provided around the center hole, and supplying an oxygen-containing gas from an oxygen-containing gas injection hole provided around the center hole;
- the powder is heated and projected to the molten steel through the flame while forming a flame by the combustion of the hydrocarbon-based gas at the top blowing lance tip,
- the lance height (distance from the molten steel surface to the tip of the lance) of the top blowing lance during powder projection is 1.0 to 7.0 m
- Equation (1) to (5) P is the dynamic pressure (kPa) of the jet at the outlet of the upper blowing lance, ⁇ g is the density of the jet (kg / Nm 3 ), and ⁇ A is the transport Gas density (kg / Nm 3 ), ⁇ B is oxygen-containing gas density (kg / Nm 3 ), ⁇ C is hydrocarbon gas density (kg / Nm 3 ), and V p is powder speed of supply (kg / min), U is the flow velocity of the jet at the top lance outlet (m / sec), is S
- the projected powder can be added to the molten steel with a high yield. .
- FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an example of an RH vacuum degassing apparatus used in carrying out the present invention.
- the molten steel refining method according to the present invention will be described in detail.
- Examples of the vacuum degassing equipment that can be used in the molten steel refining method according to the present invention include an RH vacuum degassing apparatus, a DH vacuum degassing apparatus, a VAD furnace, and a VOD furnace. What is an RH vacuum degasser. Then, embodiment of this invention is described by taking the case where the molten steel refining method based on this invention is implemented using an RH vacuum degassing apparatus as an example.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an example of an RH vacuum degassing apparatus used when carrying out the molten steel refining method according to the present invention.
- 1 is a RH vacuum degassing device
- 2 is a ladle
- 3 is molten steel
- 4 is a slag
- 5 is a vacuum tank
- 6 is an upper tank
- 7 is a lower tank
- 8 is a rising side dip tube
- 9 is a lowering Side dip pipe
- 10 is a reflux gas blow pipe
- 11 is a duct
- 12 is a raw material inlet
- 13 is an upper blow lance
- the vacuum tank 5 is composed of an upper tank 6 and a lower tank 7, and an upper blow The lance 13 can move up and down in the vacuum chamber 5.
- the ladle 2 is raised by an elevating device (not shown), and the ascending side dip tube 8 and the descending side dip tube 9 are immersed in the molten steel 3 in the pan. Then, the reflux gas is blown into the rising side dip tube 8 from the reflux gas blowing tube 10, and the vacuum chamber 5 is evacuated by an exhaust device (not shown) connected to the duct 11. 5 is depressurized.
- the inside of the vacuum chamber 5 is depressurized, the molten steel 3 in the ladle rises to the ascending side dip tube 8 together with the recirculation gas by the gas lift effect due to the recirculation gas blow-in tube 10 evacuated. It flows into the tank 5 and then returns to the ladle 2 via the descending-side dip tube 9 so as to form a so-called recirculation and is subjected to RH vacuum degassing.
- the top blowing lance 13 has a powder flow path for supplying powder such as manganese ore, manganese-based alloy iron, and CaO-based desulfurization agent together with a carrier gas, and a fuel flow path for supplying hydrocarbon-based gas. And an oxygen-containing gas flow path for supplying an oxygen-containing gas for burning the hydrocarbon-based gas, and a cooling water supply flow path and a drain flow path for cooling the top blowing lance 13, respectively. It has a multi-tube structure.
- the powder flow path communicates with a central hole provided at the center of the tip of the top blowing lance 13, the fuel flow path communicates with fuel injection holes provided around the central hole, and the oxygen-containing gas flow path The oxygen-containing gas injection holes provided around the center hole communicate with each other.
- the cooling water supply channel and the drainage channel are connected at the tip of the upper blowing lance 13, and the cooling water is configured to be reversed at the tip of the upper blowing lance 13.
- the fuel injection hole and the oxygen-containing gas injection hole are configured such that their injection directions are merged, and hydrocarbon gas injected through the fuel injection hole is injected through the oxygen-containing gas injection hole. It burns with an oxygen-containing gas (oxygen gas (industrial pure oxygen gas), oxygen-enriched air, air, etc.), and a burner flame is formed below the tip of the top blowing lance 13.
- oxygen-containing gas oxygen gas (industrial pure oxygen gas), oxygen-enriched air, air, etc.)
- a pilot burner for igniting may be provided at the tip of the upper blowing lance 13.
- the top blowing lance 13 is connected to a hopper (not shown) that stores powders such as manganese ore, manganese alloy iron, and CaO desulfurization agent, and these powders are blown together with the carrier gas. It is supplied to the lance 13 and sprayed from the central hole at the tip of the upper blowing lance 13.
- a powder conveying gas an inert gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas is usually used.
- an oxygen-containing gas can also be used as a carrier gas. Of course, it is possible to inject only an inert gas or an oxygen-containing gas without injecting powder.
- the top blowing lance 13 is connected to a fuel supply pipe (not shown) and an oxygen-containing gas supply pipe (not shown). From the fuel supply pipe, a hydrocarbon-based gas such as propane gas or natural gas. Is supplied to the upper blowing lance 13, and an oxygen-containing gas for burning hydrocarbon gas is supplied to the upper blowing lance 13 from the oxygen-containing gas supply pipe. As described above, the hydrocarbon-based gas and the oxygen-containing gas are configured to be injected from the fuel injection hole and the oxygen-containing gas injection hole provided at the tip of the top blowing lance 13.
- the fuel flow path and the oxygen-containing gas flow path of the top blowing lance 13 are, for example, a dual structure in which the inner pipe is a hydrocarbon gas flow path and the outer pipe is an oxygen-containing gas flow path for hydrocarbon gas combustion. It can be constituted by a tube (a plurality of such double tubes are arranged around the center hole). Further, the flow path of the hydrocarbon-based gas is constituted by a single pipe provided outside the powder flow path, and the single pipe disposed outside the flow path is used as a flow path for the oxygen-containing gas. You can also.
- a flame is formed by combustion of a hydrocarbon-based gas below the tip of the upper blowing lance 13, and a powder formed from the powder blown from the upper blowing lance 13 is formed. While being heated at, it is projected (sprayed) toward the bath surface of the molten steel 3 circulating in the vacuum chamber 5.
- the lance height (distance from the molten steel surface to the tip of the lance) of the top blowing lance 13 at the time of powder projection was set to 1.0 to 7.0 m, and the following formula (1) ( Control is performed so that the dynamic pressure P of the jet flow injected from the upper blowing lance 13 is 20.0 kPa or more and 100.0 kPa or less, which is calculated by the equation (5).
- ⁇ B is the density of the oxygen-containing gas (kg / Nm 3 )
- ⁇ C is the density of the hydrocarbon-based gas (kg / Nm 3 )
- V p is the powder feed rate (kg / min)
- flow rate (m / sec of the jet of U is the top-blown lance outlet)
- S T the center hole, the total cross-sectional area of the on lance outlet of the fuel injection hole and an oxygen-containing gas injection holes (m 2), S a cross-sectional area at the lance outlet blown over the central hole (m 2), the cross-sectional area (m 2 of over lance outlet of S B is an oxygen-containing gas injection hole)
- S C is the fuel injection hole sectional area of the on lance outlet of (m 2)
- F T the flow rate of carrier gas, an oxygen-containing gas flow rate, total flow rate of the hydrocarbon gas Nm 3 / h)
- F A is the carrier gas flow rate (Nm 3 / h)
- F B is the oxygen
- the jet jetted from the top blowing lance 13 means 1 to all of the powder to be projected, the powder conveying gas, the hydrocarbon gas, and the oxygen-containing gas for burning the hydrocarbon gas. It is regarded as one jet flow.
- the “molten steel surface” is the surface of the molten steel that is exposed to an atmosphere under reduced pressure, and is the surface of the molten steel when oxygen gas or the like is not sprayed. Specifically, in the case of the RH vacuum degassing apparatus 1, the surface of the molten steel 3 circulating in the vacuum tank 5 becomes the molten steel stationary hot water surface.
- the degree of vacuum inside the vacuum chamber 5 is preferably set to 2.7 to 13.3 kPa.
- the hot metal discharged from the blast furnace is received in a holding container such as a hot metal ladle or torpedo car or a transport container, and the received hot metal is transported to a converter where decarburization and refining is performed.
- hot metal pretreatment such as desulfurization treatment or dephosphorization treatment is performed on the hot metal during the conveyance.
- manganese ore is added as an inexpensive manganese source by decarburization refining in a converter.
- the transferred hot metal is charged into the converter, and then manganese ore is added to the converter as a manganese source. If necessary, a small amount of CaO-based solvent such as quicklime is added, and oxygen gas is blown up. And / or decarburizing and refining by bottom blowing to obtain molten steel having a predetermined composition. Thereafter, the deoxidizer such as metal aluminum or ferrosilicon is not added to the molten steel, that is, the molten steel is left in an undeoxidized state and is discharged into the ladle 2. However, at that time, a predetermined amount of inexpensive manganese-based alloy iron such as high carbon ferromanganese may be added.
- inexpensive manganese-based alloy iron such as high carbon ferromanganese
- the carbon concentration in the molten steel after adjusting the manganese concentration is preferably suppressed to 0.2% by mass or less. If the carbon concentration in the molten steel exceeds 0.2% by mass, the vacuum decarburization refining time in the vacuum degassing facility in the next process becomes long, and the productivity is lowered. Furthermore, in order to compensate for the decrease in molten steel temperature due to the extension of the vacuum decarburization refining time, it is necessary to increase the molten steel temperature at the time of steel production. Increases costs. Accordingly, the carbon concentration in the molten steel after adjusting the manganese concentration is preferably suppressed to 0.2% by mass or less.
- the molten steel 3 produced from the converter is transported to the RH vacuum degassing device 1.
- a hydrocarbon-based gas and an oxygen-containing gas are injected from the top blowing lance 13 to form a flame below the tip of the top blowing lance 13.
- Manganese ore is heated by the flame heat and projected onto the molten steel bath surface.
- the manganese ore projected on the molten steel bath surface is reduced by the carbon in the molten steel, increasing the manganese concentration in the molten steel and decreasing the carbon concentration in the molten steel. That is, the manganese ore not only functions as a manganese source for adjusting the molten steel component, but also functions as an oxygen source for the decarburization reaction of the molten steel 3.
- the lance height of the top blowing lance 13 (distance from the surface of the molten steel to the tip of the lance) is set to 1.
- the dynamic pressure P of the jet at the top blowing lance outlet calculated by the equations (1) to (5) is 20.0 kPa to 100.0 kPa.
- the flow rate of the gas and the supply rate of the manganese ore are controlled according to the cross-sectional area of the three types of injection holes (center hole, fuel injection hole, oxygen-containing gas injection hole) of the top blowing lance 13.
- the manganese ore can be efficiently heated and efficiently added to the molten steel 3 by controlling the dynamic pressure P of the jet at the outlet of the top blowing lance within the range of 20.0 kPa to 100.0 kPa.
- the temperature drop of the molten steel 3 due to the addition of manganese ore can be suppressed, and the manganese ore is efficiently added to the molten steel 3, so that the reduction of the manganese ore, which is an inexpensive manganese source, is promoted.
- Manganese yield is improved, and the production cost of low carbon high manganese steel can be reduced.
- the high carbon ferromanganese (carbon content; approx. 7% by mass) may be projected through the top blowing lance 13 while being heated by a flame.
- a powder obtained by mixing high-carbon ferromanganese and manganese ore may be projected while being heated by a flame via the top blowing lance 13.
- a strong deoxidizer such as metallic aluminum is added to the molten steel 3 from the raw material inlet 12 and dissolved in the molten steel. Reduce the oxygen concentration (deoxidation treatment) and finish vacuum decarburization refining.
- metallic aluminum is further added to the molten steel 3 from the raw material inlet 12, The molten steel temperature may be raised by blowing oxygen gas from the lance 13 onto the molten steel bath surface and burning aluminum in the molten steel.
- the manganese concentration of the molten steel 3 is adjusted by introducing metal manganese or low carbon ferromanganese into the molten steel 3 from the raw material inlet 12 in the reflux.
- a component adjuster such as aluminum, silicon, nickel, chromium, copper, niobium, titanium or the like is introduced into the molten steel 3 from the raw material inlet 12 as necessary, and the molten steel components are brought into a predetermined composition range. Then, the inside of the vacuum chamber 5 is returned to atmospheric pressure, and the vacuum degassing refining is completed.
- the hot metal discharged from the blast furnace is received in a holding container such as a hot metal ladle or torpedo car or a transport container, and the received hot metal is transported to a converter where decarburization and refining is performed.
- a holding container such as a hot metal ladle or torpedo car or a transport container
- the hot metal pretreatment desulfurization process is performed on the hot metal.
- the dephosphorization treatment in the hot metal preliminary treatment is performed when it is necessary to carry out the phosphor concentration standards of the low-sulfur steel and the ultra-low-sulfur steel to be melted, but other than that may not be performed.
- the hot metal conveyed is charged into the converter, and then, if necessary, manganese ore as a manganese source is added to the converter, and if necessary, a small amount of CaO-based solvent such as quick lime is added, Oxygen gas is blown up and / or bottom is decarburized and refined to obtain molten steel having a predetermined composition. Thereafter, the deoxidizer such as metallic aluminum or ferrosilicon is not added to the molten steel, that is, the molten steel is left in an undeoxidized state and put out into the ladle 2. However, at that time, a predetermined amount of inexpensive manganese-based alloy iron such as high carbon ferromanganese may be added.
- the molten steel 3 produced from the converter is transported to the RH vacuum degassing device 1. If necessary, vacuum decarburization refining is performed on the molten steel 3 that has been conveyed to the RH vacuum degassing apparatus 1 by blowing oxygen gas from the top blowing lance 13 onto the molten steel 3. Adjust the carbon concentration. If the carbon concentration in the molten steel reaches within the component specifications, a strong deoxidizer such as metallic aluminum is added to the molten steel 3 from the raw material inlet 12 to perform deoxidation treatment, and the dissolved oxygen concentration in the molten steel is reduced. Finish the vacuum decarburization refining.
- vacuum decarburization refining is not performed when the carbon concentration standard of the low-sulfur steel and ultra-low-sulfur steel to be melted is at a level that allows melting without vacuum decarburization refining.
- vacuum decarburization refining it is not necessary to make the molten steel 3 into a non-deoxidized state, and when the molten steel 3 is discharged from the converter to the ladle 2, the molten steel flow in the discharged steel is made of metal.
- Aluminum may be added to deoxidize molten steel. At that time, a medium solvent containing quicklime or CaO may be added to the outgoing steel flow in addition to the metallic aluminum.
- a slag modifier such as metallic aluminum is added to the slag 4 on the molten steel, and iron oxide such as FeO and manganese oxide such as MnO in the slag are reduced.
- iron oxide such as FeO and manganese oxide such as MnO in the slag are reduced.
- RH vacuum degassing apparatus 1 It is preferable to carry to the RH vacuum degassing apparatus 1.
- the molten steel temperature after the vacuum decarburization refining is lower than the temperature required from the next process such as a continuous casting process, metallic aluminum is further added to the molten steel 3 from the raw material inlet 12,
- the molten steel temperature may be raised by blowing oxygen gas from the blowing lance 13 onto the molten steel bath surface and burning aluminum in the molten steel.
- the manganese ore is projected from the top blowing lance 13 while being heated with a flame, in the same manner as the above-described method of melting low carbon high manganese steel. Also good.
- a deoxidizing treatment with a strong deoxidizing agent such as metallic aluminum is performed, and then a CaO-based desulfurizing agent is sprayed from the top blowing lance 13 onto the deoxidized molten steel 3 and at the same time a flame formed at the tip of the top blowing lance 13.
- the CaO-based desulfurizing agent is heated and projected onto the molten steel bath surface, and the desulfurization treatment is performed.
- the lance height of the top blowing lance 13 (distance from the surface of the molten steel to the tip of the lance) is set.
- the dynamic pressure P of the jet at the upper blowing lance outlet calculated by the equations (1) to (5) is 20.0 kPa to 100.0 kPa.
- the flow rate of each gas and the supply speed of the CaO-based desulfurizing agent are controlled according to the cross-sectional areas of the three types of injection holes (center hole, fuel injection hole, and oxygen-containing gas injection hole) of the top blowing lance 13.
- the CaO-based desulfurizing agent can be efficiently heated and efficiently added to the molten steel 3. it can. As a result, the temperature drop of the molten steel 3 due to the addition of the CaO-based desulfurizing agent can be suppressed, and since the heated CaO-based desulfurizing agent is efficiently added to the molten steel 3, the desulfurization reaction is promoted and is high. Desulfurization rate can be obtained.
- quick lime (CaO) alone a mixture obtained by adding and mixing calcite (CaF 2 ) and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) in a range of 30% by mass or less to quick lime (including premelt) Etc. can be used.
- the molten steel 3 is circulated for several minutes, and a component adjusting agent such as aluminum, silicon, nickel, chromium, copper, niobium, and titanium is supplied from the raw material inlet 12 to the molten steel 3 as necessary. Then, the molten steel components are adjusted to a predetermined composition range, and then the inside of the vacuum chamber 5 is returned to the atmospheric pressure to complete the vacuum degassing refining.
- a component adjusting agent such as aluminum, silicon, nickel, chromium, copper, niobium, and titanium
- the projected powder has a high yield.
- the refining reaction is promoted, and since the powder is added to the molten steel 3 with a high yield, a high heat receiving efficiency can be obtained.
- the undeoxidized molten steel component at the time of steel output from the converter had a carbon concentration of 0.03 to 0.04 mass% and a manganese concentration of 0.07 to 0.08 mass%. Further, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the molten steel at the time of arrival at the RH vacuum degassing apparatus was 0.04 to 0.07 mass%.
- the lance height of the top blowing lance inserted from the top of the vacuum chamber is set to 0.5 to 9.0 m, and LNG (hydrocarbon gas) from the top blowing lance during vacuum decarburization refining in the RH vacuum degassing unit. And oxygen gas (oxygen-containing gas for hydrocarbon gas combustion) were injected to form a burner flame below the tip of the top blowing lance. After the formation of the burner flame, argon gas was used as a carrier gas, and manganese ore (hereinafter also referred to as “Mn ore”) was projected at a supply rate of 200 kg / min in all tests. The amount of Mn ore added was 5.0 kg / t per ton of molten steel in all tests. Further, the degree of vacuum of the vacuum chamber during powder projection was set in the range of 1.3 to 17.3 kPa, and the argon gas flow rate for reflux was 3000 NL / min in all tests.
- the density ⁇ A of the carrier gas is 1.5 kg / Nm 3
- the density of the oxygen-containing gas ⁇ B is 2.5 kg / Nm 3
- hydrocarbon gas density ⁇ C is 1.5 kg / Nm 3
- the powder feed rate V p is 200 kg / min
- the cross-sectional area S at the upper blowing lance outlet of the center hole A is 0.0038 m 2
- the cross-sectional area S B at the upper blowing lance outlet of the oxygen-containing gas injection hole is 0.0006 m 2
- the cross-sectional area S C at the upper blowing lance outlet of the fuel injection hole is 0.0003 m 2
- flow rate F a is 120 ⁇ 1000Nm 3 / h
- the oxygen-containing gas flow rate F B is 240 ⁇ 2200Nm
- Table 1 shows operating conditions such as lance height and dynamic pressure P during vacuum decarburization refining in each test, and operation results such as manganese concentration in molten steel, manganese yield, and heat rate after vacuum decarburization refining. .
- tests within the scope of the present invention are indicated as “examples of the present invention”, and others are indicated as “comparative examples”.
- the heat gain rate shown in Table 1 was calculated using the following formula (6).
- Heat absorption rate (%) heat input to molten steel (cal) x 100 / total heat of burner combustion (cal) (6)
- the amount of heat input to the molten steel (cal) is the amount of heat generated by the molten steel out of the total calorific value of burner combustion
- the total amount of heat (cal) of burner combustion is the calorific value of the fuel (cal / Nm 3 ) and the fuel flow rate (Nm 3 ).
- the lance height is in the range of 1.0 to 7.0 m
- the dynamic pressure P of the jet calculated from the equations (1) to (5) is 20.0 to 100.
- the manganese yield was 70% by mass or higher and the heat receiving rate was 80% or higher.
- the dynamic pressure P of the jet calculated by the formulas (1) to (5) is not in the range of 20.0 to 100.0 kPa, or the lance height is in the range of 1.0 to 7.0 m.
- both the manganese yield and the heat rate were low.
- test numbers 1, 2, 12, and 13 since the lance height is too high or the dynamic pressure P of the jet is low, the dynamic pressure of the jet on the molten steel bath surface becomes low, and the exhaust gas At the same time, the amount of powder discharged through the duct increased. This is considered to be the cause of the poor addition yield.
- test numbers 14 to 17 in which the degree of vacuum in the vacuum chamber at the time of powder projection is 2.7 to 13.3 kPa the heat absorption rate and the manganese yield are both test numbers 3 to 5, 9 to 11, 18 19 in comparison with other examples of the present invention. This is because by controlling the degree of vacuum in the vacuum chamber at the time of powder projection to 2.7 to 13.3 kPa, the reflux of the molten steel is stabilized, and the powder discharged through the duct together with the exhaust gas This is thought to be due to a decrease in the amount.
- the components of the molten steel before refining by the RH vacuum degassing apparatus have a carbon concentration of 0.08 to 0.10% by mass, a silicon concentration of 0.1 to 0.2% by mass, and an aluminum concentration of 0.020 to 0. 0%.
- the molten steel temperature was 1600 to 1650 ° C. with 035 mass% and the sulfur concentration of 0.0030 to 0.0032 mass%.
- the “necessary molten steel temperature” is a molten steel temperature determined for each processing apparatus and processing conditions in consideration of a temperature decrease due to the scheduled processing time and a temperature decrease due to the addition of a CaO-based desulfurization agent.
- metallic aluminum was added from the raw material inlet, and a heat treatment was performed by blowing oxygen gas from the top blowing lance.
- the density ⁇ A of the carrier gas is 1.5 kg / Nm 3
- the density of the oxygen-containing gas ⁇ B is 2.5 kg / Nm 3
- hydrocarbon gas density ⁇ C is 1.5 kg / Nm 3
- the powder feed rate V p is 200 kg / min
- the cross-sectional area S at the upper blowing lance outlet of the center hole A is 0.0028 m 2
- the cross-sectional area S B at the upper blowing lance outlet of the oxygen-containing gas injection hole is 0.0006 m 2
- the cross-sectional area S C at the upper blowing lance outlet of the fuel injection hole is 0.0003 m 2
- the flow rate F A of the working gas was 50 to 700 Nm 3 / h
- the flow rate F A of the working gas was 50 to 700 Nm 3 / h
- Table 2 shows operation conditions such as lance height and dynamic pressure P during vacuum decarburization and refining in each test, and operation results such as sulfur concentration in the molten steel after desulfurization, desulfurization evaluation, and heat rate.
- tests within the scope of the present invention are indicated as “examples of the present invention”, and other tests are indicated as “comparative examples”.
- Pass” and “Fail” in the column of desulfurization evaluation in Table 2 are “pass” when the sulfur concentration in the molten steel after the desulfurization treatment is 0.0024 mass% or less, and exceeds 0.0024 mass%. Is displayed as “Fail”.
- the heat gain was calculated using the above equation (6).
- the dynamic pressure P of the jet calculated by the formulas (1) to (5) is not in the range of 20.0 to 100.0 kPa, or the lance height is in the range of 1.0 to 7.0 m.
- both the desulfurization rate and the heat receiving rate were low.
- test numbers 51, 52, 62, and 63 the lance height is too high, or the dynamic pressure P of the jet is low, so that the dynamic pressure of the jet on the molten steel bath surface becomes low, and the exhaust gas At the same time, the amount of powder discharged through the duct increased. This is considered to be the cause of the poor addition yield.
- test numbers 56, 57, and 58 a large amount of metal was attached in the vacuum chamber after the refining. This is because the lance height is low or the dynamic pressure P of the jet is high, so that the dynamic pressure of the jet on the molten steel bath surface becomes too high, and as a result, the powder is scattered in the vacuum chamber and vacuumed. It adhered to the refractory in the tank along with the molten steel. This is considered to be the cause of the low desulfurization rate and heat receiving rate.
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Abstract
Description
[1]真空脱ガス設備の真空槽内を上下移動可能な上吹きランスの中心部に設けた中心孔から搬送用ガスとともに粉体を真空槽内の溶鋼湯面に向けて投射し、
前記中心孔の周囲に設けた燃料噴射孔から炭化水素系ガスを供給し、且つ、前記中心孔の周囲に設けた酸素含有ガス噴射孔から酸素含有ガスを供給し、
上吹きランス先端に前記炭化水素系ガスの燃焼による火炎を形成しながら、該火炎を介して前記粉体を加熱して溶鋼に投射する、真空脱ガス設備における溶鋼の精錬方法において、
粉体投射時の上吹きランスのランス高さ(溶鋼静止湯面からランス先端までの距離)が1.0~7.0mであり、
下記の(1)式から(5)式で算出される、上吹きランスから噴射される噴流の動圧Pが20.0kPa以上100.0kPa以下である、真空脱ガス設備における溶鋼の精錬方法。
P=ρg×U2/2・・・(1)
ρg=ρA×FA/FT+ρB×FB/FT+ρC×FC/FT+VP/(FT/60)・・・(2)
U=(FT/ST)×(1/3600)・・・(3)
ST=SA+SB+SC・・・(4)
FT=FA+FB+FC・・・(5)
ここで、(1)式から(5)式において、Pは、上吹きランス出口での噴流の動圧(kPa)、ρgは、噴流の密度(kg/Nm3)、ρAは、搬送用ガスの密度(kg/Nm3)、ρBは、酸素含有ガスの密度(kg/Nm3)、ρCは、炭化水素系ガスの密度(kg/Nm3)、Vpは、粉体の供給速度(kg/min)、Uは、上吹きランス出口での噴流の流速(m/sec)、STは、中心孔、燃料噴射孔及び酸素含有ガス噴射孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積の合計(m2)、SAは、中心孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積(m2)、SBは、酸素含有ガス噴射孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積(m2)、SCは、燃料噴射孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積(m2)、FTは、搬送用ガスの流量、酸素含有ガスの流量、炭化水素系ガスの流量の合計(Nm3/h)、FAは、搬送用ガスの流量(Nm3/h)、FBは、酸素含有ガスの流量(Nm3/h)、FCは、炭化水素系ガスの流量(Nm3/h)である。
[2]前記粉体が、マンガン鉱石、マンガン系合金鉄、CaO系脱硫剤のうちの何れか1種または2種以上である、上記[1]に記載の真空脱ガス設備における溶鋼の精錬方法。
[3]前記粉体投射時の真空槽内の真空度が2.7~13.3kPaである、上記[1]または上記[2]に記載の真空脱ガス設備における溶鋼の精錬方法。
ρg=ρA×FA/FT+ρB×FB/FT+ρC×FC/FT+VP/(FT/60)・・・(2)
U=(FT/ST)×(1/3600)・・・(3)
ST=SA+SB+SC・・・(4)
FT=FA+FB+FC・・・(5)
ここで、(1)式から(5)式において、Pは、上吹きランス出口での噴流の動圧(kPa)、ρgは噴流の密度(kg/Nm3)、ρAは搬送用ガスの密度(kg/Nm3)、ρBは酸素含有ガスの密度(kg/Nm3)、ρCは炭化水素系ガスの密度(kg/Nm3)、Vpは粉体の供給速度(kg/min)、Uは上吹きランス出口での噴流の流速(m/sec)、STは、中心孔、燃料噴射孔及び酸素含有ガス噴射孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積の合計(m2)、SAは中心孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積(m2)、SBは酸素含有ガス噴射孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積(m2)、SCは燃料噴射孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積(m2)、FTは、搬送用ガスの流量、酸素含有ガスの流量、炭化水素系ガスの流量の合計(Nm3/h)、FAは搬送用ガスの流量(Nm3/h)、FBは酸素含有ガスの流量(Nm3/h)、FCは炭化水素系ガスの流量(Nm3/h)である。
ここで、(6)式において、溶鋼への入熱量(cal)は、バーナー燃焼の総発熱量のうち溶鋼に着熱した熱量、バーナー燃焼の総熱量(cal)は燃料の発熱量(cal/Nm3)と燃料の流量(Nm3)との積で求められる値である。
2 取鍋
3 溶鋼
4 スラグ
5 真空槽
6 上部槽
7 下部槽
8 上昇側浸漬管
9 下降側浸漬管
10 環流用ガス吹き込み管
11 ダクト
12 原料投入口
13 上吹きランス
Claims (3)
- 真空脱ガス設備の真空槽内を上下移動可能な上吹きランスの中心部に設けた中心孔から搬送用ガスとともに粉体を真空槽内の溶鋼湯面に向けて投射し、
前記中心孔の周囲に設けた燃料噴射孔から炭化水素系ガスを供給し、且つ、前記中心孔の周囲に設けた酸素含有ガス噴射孔から酸素含有ガスを供給し、
上吹きランス先端に前記炭化水素系ガスの燃焼による火炎を形成しながら、該火炎を介して前記粉体を加熱して溶鋼に投射する、真空脱ガス設備における溶鋼の精錬方法において、
粉体投射時の上吹きランスのランス高さ(溶鋼静止湯面からランス先端までの距離)が1.0~7.0mであり、
下記の(1)式から(5)式で算出される、上吹きランスから噴射される噴流の動圧Pが20.0kPa以上100.0kPa以下である、真空脱ガス設備における溶鋼の精錬方法。
P=ρg×U2/2・・・(1)
ρg=ρA×FA/FT+ρB×FB/FT+ρC×FC/FT+VP/(FT/60)・・・(2)
U=(FT/ST)×(1/3600)・・・(3)
ST=SA+SB+SC・・・(4)
FT=FA+FB+FC・・・(5)
ここで、(1)式から(5)式において、
Pは、上吹きランス出口での噴流の動圧(kPa)、
ρgは、噴流の密度(kg/Nm3)、
ρAは、搬送用ガスの密度(kg/Nm3)、
ρBは、酸素含有ガスの密度(kg/Nm3)、
ρCは、炭化水素系ガスの密度(kg/Nm3)、
Vpは、粉体の供給速度(kg/min)、
Uは、上吹きランス出口での噴流の流速(m/sec)、
STは、中心孔、燃料噴射孔及び酸素含有ガス噴射孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積の合計(m2)、
SAは、中心孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積(m2)、
SBは、酸素含有ガス噴射孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積(m2)、
SCは、燃料噴射孔の上吹きランス出口での断面積(m2)、
FTは、搬送用ガスの流量、酸素含有ガスの流量、炭化水素系ガスの流量の合計(Nm3/h)、
FAは、搬送用ガスの流量(Nm3/h)、
FBは、酸素含有ガスの流量(Nm3/h)、
FCは、炭化水素系ガスの流量(Nm3/h)である。 - 前記粉体が、マンガン鉱石、マンガン系合金鉄、CaO系脱硫剤のうちの何れか1種または2種以上である、請求項1に記載の真空脱ガス設備における溶鋼の精錬方法。
- 前記粉体投射時の真空槽内の真空度が2.7~13.3kPaである、請求項1または請求項2に記載の真空脱ガス設備における溶鋼の精錬方法。
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| BR112018017087-9A BR112018017087B1 (pt) | 2016-02-24 | 2017-02-15 | Método para refinar o aço fundido em equipamentos de desgaseificação a vácuo |
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| JP2020019984A (ja) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-06 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 減圧下での溶鋼の精錬方法 |
| JP2020111775A (ja) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-27 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 溶鋼の精錬方法 |
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| WO2022009630A1 (ja) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-01-13 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 溶鋼の精錬方法 |
| EP4257708A4 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2024-05-01 | JFE Steel Corporation | Top blowing lance for converter, method for adding auxiliary raw material, and method for refining of molten iron |
| CN114411046B (zh) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-09-27 | 丹阳市曙光新材料科技有限公司 | 一种中频炉-lf炉-vd冶炼高速钢的工艺 |
| CN115976302A (zh) * | 2022-08-10 | 2023-04-18 | 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 | 一种rh喷粉真空精炼系统及动态控制方法 |
| CN115287410B (zh) * | 2022-08-10 | 2023-11-03 | 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 | 一种rh喷粉真空精炼装置及其精炼方法 |
| TWI894080B (zh) * | 2024-12-23 | 2025-08-11 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | 用於建議煉鋼精煉處理的終點溫度的方法及其裝置 |
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| JP2020111775A (ja) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-27 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 溶鋼の精錬方法 |
| JP7163780B2 (ja) | 2019-01-10 | 2022-11-01 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 溶鋼の精錬方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20180102179A (ko) | 2018-09-14 |
| BR112018017087B1 (pt) | 2022-05-17 |
| TWI621713B (zh) | 2018-04-21 |
| EP3421620A4 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
| US10745771B2 (en) | 2020-08-18 |
| JPWO2017145877A1 (ja) | 2018-03-08 |
| US20190048431A1 (en) | 2019-02-14 |
| BR112018017087A2 (pt) | 2019-01-02 |
| CN108699614B (zh) | 2020-11-03 |
| EP3421620A1 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
| KR102150412B1 (ko) | 2020-09-01 |
| JP6343844B2 (ja) | 2018-06-20 |
| TW201738386A (zh) | 2017-11-01 |
| CN108699614A (zh) | 2018-10-23 |
| RU2697113C1 (ru) | 2019-08-12 |
| EP3421620B1 (en) | 2020-02-12 |
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