WO2017156644A1 - Appareil électrochimique tubulaire pour l'électro obtention de métal, formé par couches concentriques internes séparées composées d'électrodes et d'une membrane d'échange d'ions entre elles - Google Patents

Appareil électrochimique tubulaire pour l'électro obtention de métal, formé par couches concentriques internes séparées composées d'électrodes et d'une membrane d'échange d'ions entre elles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017156644A1
WO2017156644A1 PCT/CL2017/000006 CL2017000006W WO2017156644A1 WO 2017156644 A1 WO2017156644 A1 WO 2017156644A1 CL 2017000006 W CL2017000006 W CL 2017000006W WO 2017156644 A1 WO2017156644 A1 WO 2017156644A1
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Prior art keywords
metal
cathode
ion exchange
anode
electrodes
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
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Gabriel Angel Riveros Urzua
Magdalena CIFUENTES CABEZAS
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Transducto SA
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Transducto SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/042—Electrodes formed of a single material
    • C25B11/046—Alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C25B9/23—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electrochemical devices and processes, and more particularly though not exclusively to electrochemical devices that employ special cathodes and metal electrodeposition processes that are performed using such electrochemical devices.
  • electrochemical processes can be considered either as cathodic processes or anodic processes depending on the electrode in which the most economical reaction occurs.
  • Many of the cathodic processes involve electrodeposition of a metal or electrolytic reduction of an electrolyte constituent in the presence of hydrogen formed in the cathode;
  • the formal classification in the cathodic processes only galvanizing, electro refining and electro obtaining are included, and the actuality in cathodic processes also includes the reduction of organic compounds and the production of caustic soda.
  • Anodic processes involve the discharge of anions from the solution to an essentially stable anode or the dissolution of the anode itself.
  • electro-obtaining of metals at the industrial level is carried out in cells called electrolytic vats where the anode and cathode are immersed in the electrolyte and are separated about 100 mm from each other.
  • the metal is deposited in the cathode, but the oxidation power is lost through the generation of oxygen which is sent to the atmosphere, said oxygen, together with the sulfuric acid present in the solutions, generates acid mist (0 2 + H 2 SO 4 ).
  • these cells operate with purified electrolyte from solvent extraction plants, in copper concentrations that are maintained in the range of 35 - 45 g / 1, through which commercial grade A cathodes of size are produced with weights of 42 kg and size of 1 m 2 .
  • EMEW electrolytic cell covered by US Patent No. 5,529,672 (Jun 25, 1996) "Mineral Recovery Apparatus” which in its proposal considers a tubular cell in which the cathode is a cylinder of about 100 mm in diameter by 1 m long and an anode tube through the center.
  • This cell uses the known turbulence principle in a hydrocyclone with the electrolyte fed tangentially into the cylindrical cathode.
  • This cell offers better agitation of the electrolyte compared to the conventional cell, but still suffers from the fundamental defect of the conventional cell which is the opposite anode and cathode reactions. They are located in close proximity to each other in the same container.
  • This cell can work with electrolyte concentrations in the case of copper between 5-45 g / 1, while tolerating high levels of pollutants such as chloride (> 10 g / 1), ferric iron (15 g / 1), among others ; being within its characteristics that can operate without the SX stage as long as the PLS is of an acceptable quality in impurity contents. Its use is also possible to electrolytically extract other metals, such as Zn, Ni and Ag.
  • the outer cathode is made of stainless steel, the anode being titanium-based alloy.
  • the cell chamber is closed so there is no acid mist emission and can operate with high current densities over 1 kA / m 2 , to obtain grade A cathodes, although in energy terms, its effect is not significant.
  • This cell produces cylindrical cathodes of low acceptance for mass production in the market, being currently oriented to the recovery of metal from effluents with lower metal contents.
  • the non-porous cathode support has openings for a uniform distribution of the fluid and to deliver a uniform pressure drop to the cathode.
  • the diameter of the holes is less than 10 mm, the width and depth of the channels being equivalent.
  • the cathode is made of stainless steel, copper or nickel, while the anode is made of cermet, ferrous metal or graphite.
  • the cells are arranged in series or in parallel and the initial cell voltages are at least 0.5 volts. Metal recovery is carried out using current densities between 0.01 to 0.2 A / cm 2 : Although the cell can be used in the mining industry, sewage treatment, chemical plants, it is preferably suitable in the industry photographic to recover silver, copper, lead, palladium and nickel.
  • electrochemical devices are described in the state of the art to avoid the problems presented by the conventional method, which essentially comprise electrochemical cells that have deposition cathodes of different configurations or which have an ion permeable membrane disposed between the electrodes of the cell, in which the cathode is a particular electrode comprising a plurality of electro conductive materials on which a metal can be electro deposited.
  • electrochemical cells try to obviate the solvent extraction stage, and therefore, they are intended to be applied to solutions with high and low metal contents dissolved in them.
  • the use of the oxidation of Fe2 + to Fe3 + as an anodic reaction in copper EO has been studied.
  • this cell has a bed of copper particles in the catholyte compartment, which is suspended by an upward flow of solution that enters the cell through a diaphragm or a distributor .
  • the copper particles are cathodically polarized by a current feeder inserted into the bed, and the cell circuit is completed with an anode of material for the oxidation reaction present in the anolyte compartment.
  • the body of this type of cells can be rectangular or cylindrical, but in both cases, the electrolyte is fed through the lower part of the body, while the discharge of the same is carried out by overflowing in the upper part.
  • This type of cell is characterized by having a large cathodic surface, which allows them to have a larger area for copper deposition and to operate at lower current densities, which leads to a reduction in the polarization of the cathode.
  • the fluidization of the bed generates a high relative speed between the solution and the electrode, thereby increasing the mass transfer.
  • the cell body can be cylindrical or flat geometry.
  • the present patent proposes an electro-obtaining apparatus of tubular type metal, based on the use of ion exchange membranes, which allows it to be applied in obtaining a large variety of metals dissolved in solutions of different origin or oriented to the production of compounds or materials required by the metallurgical industry for the recovery of metal.
  • the heart of the present invention is the use of the ion exchange membrane and the manipulation of electrical and fluid flows in the vicinity of the cathode, such that the metal to be harvested is electro deposited in the form of a cylinder, hollow or solid.
  • a strong interaction between the direction of the fluid flow and the direction of the electron flow is used to maximize the surface area of the cathode and hence the deposition of metal.
  • the present patent proposes a new electro-obtaining apparatus for metals or tubular type compounds that is constituted by two unit chambers that operate independently at uniform and high fluid flow rates.
  • each of the chambers there is an anode or a cathode of variable surface extended along the tube, which can be designed according to industrial requirements, either 0.20, 0.50, 1 m 2 or higher.
  • each chamber is composed of an ion exchange membrane separating the electrodes, also of tubular design, to alternatively form compartments through which the anolyte or the catholyte circulate.
  • one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a construction of a simplified tubular metal electrolytic production apparatus, of that class comprising a series of apparatus connected in series or in parallel, according to the requirements of the industry, of Specially designed construction for electrolyte circulation, high temperature corrosion resistance, accessibility for repair and easy metal harvesting.
  • the apparatus consists of a housing or cell of a non-conductive material, which, inside, contains the electrodes, anode and cathode, separated by the ion exchange membrane, at distances ranging from 0.1 to 20 cm ( preferably 3 to 8 cm).
  • the cathode of circular and tubular geometry can be configured in two ways in relation to the anode: cathode in the center of the apparatus with the anode coaxially arranged around it, or, the anode centered with the cathode coaxially arranged around it.
  • the tubular outer shell is formed of a non-conductive waterproof material, the lower and upper heads being formed with fluid inlet and outlet tubes, anolyte and catholyte.
  • This tubular outer wall can be constructed of different structurally strong non-porous materials, which includes but is not limited to polypropylene, high density polyethylene or others. This must be of an appropriate thickness that ensures sufficient strength and durability in its use.
  • the inlets and outlets are designed in such a way that they allow a uniform distribution of the fluids and a uniform pressure drop is achieved along the cylinders that constitute the cathode and anode surface.
  • the electrical connections for the anode and cathode are provided by terminals or other power supply device. With this arrangement, a high current density can be applied to each apparatus that becomes a metal deposition cell and at the same time pass a high vertical flow of electrolyte (catholyte) and anodic solution (anolyte).
  • the inputs and outputs of the solutions can be arranged in any direction relative to the elongated dimension of the housing.
  • the fluid inlets are disposed adjacent to a first end of the housing aligned substantially perpendicular to the axis of the elongated housing, and tangential to. the annular cavities formed between the electrodes and the 'ion membrane.
  • This arrangement induces the flow to be spiral through the annular cavities being considered to promote metal deposition during electro deposition.
  • the fluid outlets are arranged in a configuration similar to the inlet and distance thereof in such a way that the spiral flow fluid of the liquor maintains its dynamic fluid characteristics.
  • the fluid inlets can be connected to the outputs of a second metal electrodeposition apparatus so that the fluids can pass in series through both devices, allowing the progressive extraction of the metal from the fluid of interest.
  • a battery of devices may be formed with a plurality of devices in series, such that the extraction from a given volume of solution, in a sustained period of time, allows the extraction of a significant proportion of metal.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a sealed electro obtaining apparatus, which maintains the uniform distribution of the liquid within the chambers that are secured under pressure conditions with the corresponding assemblies and seals for the complete prevention of liquid leaks outside the cameras, and also be easily assembled or disassembled.
  • a gas separation system is installed specifically in the outlet pipes of the electrodeposition apparatus in such a way that these are vented before they enter the following devices or preferably in a defined group of them. The effect of gas separation is increased when a separation chamber is provided in which the outlet has the same diameter as the conduit pipe of the solution and has a minimum height equivalent to half the diameter of the pipe.
  • a uniform flow of anolyte or catholyte electrolyte circulates through each chamber from the lower to the upper holes, where the electrodes are positively (+) or negatively (-) polarized by the effect of the applied electric field, with the electro deposition in the cathode.
  • Said flow is essentially stable during circulation, free of interference, simultaneously providing sufficient residence time for the occurrence of chemical reactions and electrodeposition of metal.
  • the dimensions and positions of the holes provide a low resistance to flow, the volume being stable, leading to an operation easily controlled with minimal variation of the operational parameters.
  • the thickness of metal deposited in the cathodic plate although the volume of circulation of catholyte decreases, does not affect the quality of the latter or the operation of the cell due to the Iridrodynamic condition of its design.
  • the apparatus can be adapted for the electrolytic extraction of metal, metal compounds or other products in the form of particles by changes in the arrangement of the processes and operating conditions thereof, which include the speed of the fluid and the current density of the cathode, within the desired limits in which some of the electrodeposition materials, are deposited on the cathode in the form of particles which are dragged through the apparatus with the flow of liquid in such a way that they can be collected at a capture point conveniently away from the cylindrical part of the housing.
  • the particular particle collection system may include gravitational, centrifugal or other means of classifying them.
  • the electro obtaining apparatus has a device for extracting the metal deposited in the cathode, so that when the operation is stopped, they detach from the cathode electrode in the event that said option is used or It is extracted in the form of a solid cylinder. Said pennite mechanism that these are lifted above the device.
  • the covers of the device are made of acid-resistant plastic material, while the metal electrode plates are made of stainless steel, lead or other required depending on whether they are cathode or anode, respectively.
  • These types of metal are also conditioned to the type of metal dissolved in the solution to be deposited and extracted from the solution. Said solution may be acidic, basic or neutral.
  • the fluids that can be treated using the present invention may vary in the type and concentration of the metal ions to be removed. Such fluids are usually of the aqueous type in nature although some of them may contain several organic solvents.
  • the sources of the fluids can be from industrial reactions, chemical and mining processes, and other wastewater effluents, water or municipal treatment plants, ponds or lakes.
  • the present invention is then useful, to recover metals from mining, electroplating, foundries, photo processing, or other industrial processes, to recover metals such as silver, gold, copper, lead, platinum, tellurium, nickel and iron, in concentrations from 100 ppm.
  • the present invention has advantages compared to other devices, cells and metal electrodeposition devices existing in the market, among them are:
  • the metal obtained has quality characteristics equivalent to or superior to the conventional process, without requiring the addition of chemical reagents, improving the overall extraction and the kinetics of the process.
  • the energy consumption is lower than that reported in the technical literature indicating a lower specific energy consumption to reach the same current density.
  • the obtaining of metal in the electro-obtaining device is at room temperature, or between the range of 10-60 ° C, without requiring energy consumption to preheat the electrolyte.
  • PeiTnite recover as a reagent, either sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) or other acids, or bases that have dissolved metals during the leaching of minerals, powders or other present in mining processes, implying an economy of the process with less reagent requirement during the operation.
  • Occupational safety conditions improve as a result of operations that do not expose operators to contact, handling or inhalation of dangerous and corrosive acids or bases.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of most of the components of a preferred tubular electrochemical apparatus of this invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of the electrochemical apparatus assembled according to the invention.
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of the moving part of the upper head, the upper multiple support head and the lower head, respectively, according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of most of the components of an alternative tubular electrochemical apparatus of the invention.
  • the invention consists of a tubular electrochemical apparatus provided with a series of tubular cylindrical elements, union nuts and seals that together form this apparatus.
  • the main supports both lower and upper are the heads (1) and (15), respectively.
  • the lower head (1) which is the base of the apparatus, is composed of two inlets, (2) and (3), which send the solutions of electrochemical fluids pumped from ponds or reservoirs (not shown), anolyte and catholyte, to the annular spaces (5) and (6) inside the apparatus.
  • Said head (1) has a threaded annular shoulder in its inner upper part that joins with the housing (8) that externally has the adjustment screw for joining both the base head of the device (1) and the manifold of fluid outlet or upper head (15), since its diameter is smaller than that of the base and multiple outlet head.
  • the conductive power terminals (9) are arranged on this upper part (8).
  • the electrodes of the apparatus that are its operating base are constituted by the cathode metal electrode (10), (+), stainless steel, metallic copper or other suitable for the metal to be deposited, and by the anodic metal electrode (7), ( -), of lead, lead alloy, stainless steel or other characteristics suitable for the purpose of electro deposition.
  • the cathode electrode (10) is located immediately after the housing (9), of a smaller diameter adjusted to said housing, with no physical separation between them.
  • the metal of the catholytic solution is deposited between the annular space (6) of the cathode and the support (14) of the ion exchange membrane (13), forming a tube along the deposition zone between the head (1) and the multiple support head (15).
  • This electrode (10) is pressurized in such a way that its ends fit fully with the annular portion of the lower head (1) and the upper multiple support head (15).
  • Anodic electrode (7) is located in the 'center of the apparatus, separated along this by the annular support (14) of the ion exchange membrane (13), in which their ends are set and locked in the head (1) and in the upper multiple support head (15). Said anode electrode (7) in its lower part fits the socket (4) central integral part of the lower head (1).
  • a constituent differentiating element of the present invention is the ion exchange membrane (13), which is supported by a membrane carrier gasket (14). Both (13) and (14) are located between the electrodes (10) and (7), establishing the annular spaces through which the catholyte (6) and the anolyte (5) circulate, respectively.
  • the ends of the ionic membrane (13) are adjusted inside the lower head (1) and the upper multiple support head (15), by means of the lower and upper membrane locks (12).
  • the membrane holder (14) slides and fits until the ends of both fit and meet the inner annular portion of said constituent elements of the apparatus.
  • the flange (11) is the element that moves and adjusts through the inside of the housing (9) inside the multiple support (15) allowing an easy external connection to the power supply terminals of the device of the invention.
  • the support head upper manifold (15) has the inner trim flanges, threaded inner bottom threads and the ducts (16) and (17) of the output of electrochemical fluids that move through the annular spaces (6) and (5).
  • the mobile part (19) that has the fluid outlets (16) and (17) is incorporated, with the purpose of easy removal, promoting and allowing extraction of the cathode electrode (10) with the deposited metal.
  • Said piece (19) fits tightly in its diameter and height inside the multiple support (15), having a smooth surface not allowing fluid leaks.
  • the handle (20) easily manipulated, either manually or mechanically operated.
  • the final closure of the apparatus is carried out using the screw-type end cap (22) that fits and closes to the multiple support (15) by screwing (21) which gives it full adherence to the apparatus object of the invention.
  • a DC power source is connected to the apparatus with its positive terminal to the tubular electrode (7), which corresponds to the anode, and its negative terminal attached to the metal tube (10), which corresponds to the cathode, being preferred for this purpose connection type clip that facilitates the assembly and disassembly, and the particular replacement of parts of the lower head (1) and the upper multiple support head (15).
  • the fluids incorporated into the apparatus after a period of time with an expected thickness and weight of metal in the cathode inside the tube (10), the operation is stopped and the deposited metal is removed.
  • FIG 2 this corresponds to a cross-sectional view of the preferred electrochemical apparatus of the invention shown in exploded view in Figure 1. From the viewpoint of construction and easy assembly of the present patent, it is possible to observe the main components of said apparatus, lower support base (1), anodic electrode (7), clamping rings (12), cathode electrode support housing (8), ion exchange membrane (13) and membrane support (14 ). The arrangement of the electrical terminal (9), multiple upper head (15), with the moving part (19), and the closing cover (22) are also shown.
  • 4 and 5 are sectional views of the removable upper part (19), in which the fluid outlet ducts (16) and (17) are observed.
  • the electrochemical apparatus shown in exploded view in Figure 6 is similar to that shown in exploded view in Figure 1, except that the position of the electrodes is reversed, that is, the cathode occupies the anode position and vice versa.
  • Figure 6 shows that the main supports both lower and upper are the heads (41) and (55), respectively.
  • the lower head (41), which is the base of the apparatus, is composed of two inlets, (42) and (43), which send the solutions of electrochemical fluids pumped from ponds or reservoirs (not shown), anolyte and catholyte, to the annular spaces (46) and (45) inside the apparatus.
  • Said head (41) has a threaded annular shoulder in its inner upper part that assembles with the electrode (49), anode, which in its exterior has the adjustment screw for the connection to both the base head of the apparatus (41) and to the fluid outlet manifold or upper head (55), since its diameter is smaller than that of the base head (41) and multiple outlet head (55).
  • the conductive energy terminals (48) are adjusted on the upper part of the base head (41).
  • the electrodes of the apparatus which are its operating base, are constituted by the cathode metal electrode (47), (+), stainless steel, metallic copper or other suitable for the metal to be deposited, and by the anodic metal electrode (49) , (-), of lead, lead alloy, stainless steel or other characteristics suitable for the purpose of electro deposition.
  • the cathode electrode (47) is located in the center of the apparatus, diameter 5 to 20 mm, preferably 10 mm, where the metal of the catholic solution is deposited between the annular space (45) of the cathode and the support (52) of the ion exchange membrane (51), forming a tube along the deposition zone between the head (41) and the multiple support head (55).
  • This electrode (47) is adjusted to pressure in such a way that its ends fit fully with the annular portion of the lower head (41) and the upper multiple support head (55).
  • the anodic electrode (49) is located outside the apparatus, separating the anolyte along it by the annular space (46) of the ion exchange membrane (51) and the membrane support (52), in the which ends are adjusted and fixed in the head (41) and in the upper multiple support head (55).
  • a constitutive differentiating element of the present invention is the ion exchange membrane (51) which is supported by a membrane carrier gasket (52), both (51) and (52), are located between the electrodes (49) and (47). ), establishing the annular spaces (46) and (45), where the anolyte and catholyte circulate, respectively.
  • the ring (48) is the element that moves and adjusts from the top to the lower head (41) allowing an easy external connection to the power supply terminals of the apparatus of the invention .
  • the lower head (41) has the inner trim flanges, threaded with lower inner threads just like the ring (48) so that when moving and screwing the electrode (49), the ducts (42) and (43) of the fluids electrochemicals that move through the annular spaces (46) and (45), are completely encapsulated and forced to move through the aforementioned annular spaces towards the exits (53) and (54).
  • the upper multiple support head (55) the apparatus is completely assembled, since this piece adjusts the apparatus of the invention with the effect of being the upper head thereof, not being subsequently removed except for maintenance cases after ün Prolonged use in electro metal deposition operation.
  • the moving part (57) is incorporated, which has the fluid outlets (53) and (54), whose purpose is its easy removal, promoting and allowing the extraction of the cathode electrode (47) with the deposited metal.
  • Said piece (57) fits tightly in its diameter and height inside the multiple support head (55), having a smooth surface and not allowing fluid leaks.
  • the handle (58) easily manipulated manually or mechanically operated.
  • the final hundred-e of the apparatus is carried out using the terminal cover (60) type thyme that adjusts and closes to the multiple support (55) by screwing (59) which confers total adherence of this to the apparatus object of the invention.
  • a DC power source is connected to the apparatus with its positive terminal to the tubular electrode (49), which corresponds to the anode, and its negative terminal attached to the metal tube (47), which corresponds to the cathode, being preferred for this connection purpose, clip type that facilitates the assembly and disassembly, and the particular replacement of parts of the lower head (41) and the upper multiple support head (55).
  • the fluids incorporated into the apparatus after a period of time with an expected thickness and weight of metal in the cathode inside the tube (47), the operation is stopped and the deposited metal is removed.
  • the apparatus of the invention in any of its versions as indicated in Figure 1 and Figure 6, can operate individually or arranged in an anelo considering the construction of several apparatus arranged in series or in parallel, such that the metal contained in The catholyte can be progressively reduced and the operation optimized as provided by the industry operation.
  • the power supply can be arranged in any serial / parallel arrangement according to the requirements imposed by the liquor processing.
  • the pilot installation of the tubular cell of the invention comprised a set of 4 cells.
  • the cells are tubular with a diameter of 150 mm with the PVC housing (8) with lower supports for entering the solutions (1) and upper outlet (15) of the same material.
  • the electrolyte (catholyte) and solution (anolyte) fluids were concentrically introduced to the annular spaces (6) and (5) by the inlet tubes (2) and (3), respectively, which induced spiral flows from the base to the top of the cell.
  • the cathode (10) and the anode (7) were made of type 316 stainless steel with 0.6 mm thicknesses being the active surface of the cathode of 0.5 m 2 while that of the anode of 0.18 m 2 .
  • the current (9) was applied to the cathode body and the anode. Both electrodes are coaxially separated by the ion exchange membrane (13), the three elements being fixed through the lower (1) and upper (15) heads.
  • the electrolyte and the anolyte solution flowed to the cells in series and came from ponds of 10 m 3 capacity.
  • Tests were carried out continuously between 5-30 g 1 of Cu +2 , periodically checking the contents of Cu +2 and H 2 SC> 4 of the electrolyte. Continuous tests were maintained with fresh electrolyte feed from reserve ponds. At the end of each test, the electrical energy was disconnected, suspending the circulation of electrolyte. The cells were opened and the copper tank manually detached, weighed and labeled for physical and chemical analysis. With the invention, electrolytic copper of constant purity of 99.99% Cu was obtained, soft and dense, without any nodular surface characteristic of the cathodes. The results and operating conditions are shown in the following Table I:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil électrochimique tubulaire de production de métal par électro obtention à partir de solutions qui les contiennent. Cet appareil est constitué d'un tube de plastique qui s'étend entre une paire de couvercles d'extrémité en matériau non conducteur, lesquels comprennent des canalisations d'entrée et de sortie d'anolyte et de catholyte qui circulent entre les espaces annulaires des couches concentriques d'électrodes séparées par une membrane échangeuse d'ions. Le produit électrolysé se décharge du compartiment d'anolyte ou de catholyte à la manière d'un métal ou d'un composé métallique. La membrane échangeuse d'ions se situe dans l'espace annulaire entre l'anode et la cathode. Lorsque le cycle de production est terminé, le dispositif s'arrête, l'appareil s'ouvre, ce qui permet à l'électrode de dépôt de métal, la cathode, d'être démontée, retirée de l'endroit et remplacée pour commencer un nouveau cycle de production. Cet appareil peut fonctionner comme une unité indépendante ou constituée d'une série d'appareils connectées en série ou en parallèle.
PCT/CL2017/000006 2016-03-18 2017-03-17 Appareil électrochimique tubulaire pour l'électro obtention de métal, formé par couches concentriques internes séparées composées d'électrodes et d'une membrane d'échange d'ions entre elles Ceased WO2017156644A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CL2016000638A CL2016000638A1 (es) 2016-03-18 2016-03-18 Aparato electroquímico tubular para la electro obtención de metal desde soluciones, conformando por una cubierta y un par de tapas terminales de material no conductor con entradas y salidas de anolito y catolito, y capas concéntricas internas separadas compuestas por electrodos y una membrana de intercambio iónico entre ellos.
CL638-2016 2016-03-18

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WO2017156644A1 true WO2017156644A1 (fr) 2017-09-21

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PCT/CL2017/000006 Ceased WO2017156644A1 (fr) 2016-03-18 2017-03-17 Appareil électrochimique tubulaire pour l'électro obtention de métal, formé par couches concentriques internes séparées composées d'électrodes et d'une membrane d'échange d'ions entre elles

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CL (1) CL2016000638A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017156644A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2026015013A1 (fr) * 2024-07-10 2026-01-15 Болат Жолдыбаевич Табетов Procédé d'extraction complexe de métaux non ferreux

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4212722A (en) * 1976-05-11 1980-07-15 Noranda Mines Limited Apparatus for electrowinning metal from metal bearing solutions
US4585539A (en) * 1982-08-17 1986-04-29 Technic, Inc. Electrolytic reactor
US4834849A (en) * 1988-05-20 1989-05-30 Gunter Woog Metal recovery method and apparatus
WO1996038602A1 (fr) * 1995-06-01 1996-12-05 Electrometals Mining Limited Appareil d'extraction de minerai
WO2007071714A1 (fr) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-28 Industrie De Nora S.P.A. Cellule electrolytique pour deposition metallique
KR20110027192A (ko) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-16 삼덕금속(주) 수용액 중의 귀금속 회수를 위한 전해채취 방법 및 장치
WO2012031753A1 (fr) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-15 Coventya Gmbh Anode et son utilisation dans un bain galvanique alcalin

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4212722A (en) * 1976-05-11 1980-07-15 Noranda Mines Limited Apparatus for electrowinning metal from metal bearing solutions
US4585539A (en) * 1982-08-17 1986-04-29 Technic, Inc. Electrolytic reactor
US4834849A (en) * 1988-05-20 1989-05-30 Gunter Woog Metal recovery method and apparatus
WO1996038602A1 (fr) * 1995-06-01 1996-12-05 Electrometals Mining Limited Appareil d'extraction de minerai
WO2007071714A1 (fr) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-28 Industrie De Nora S.P.A. Cellule electrolytique pour deposition metallique
KR20110027192A (ko) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-16 삼덕금속(주) 수용액 중의 귀금속 회수를 위한 전해채취 방법 및 장치
WO2012031753A1 (fr) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-15 Coventya Gmbh Anode et son utilisation dans un bain galvanique alcalin

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2026015013A1 (fr) * 2024-07-10 2026-01-15 Болат Жолдыбаевич Табетов Procédé d'extraction complexe de métaux non ferreux

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