WO2017157444A1 - Ensemble trou de coulée - Google Patents

Ensemble trou de coulée Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2017157444A1
WO2017157444A1 PCT/EP2016/055765 EP2016055765W WO2017157444A1 WO 2017157444 A1 WO2017157444 A1 WO 2017157444A1 EP 2016055765 W EP2016055765 W EP 2016055765W WO 2017157444 A1 WO2017157444 A1 WO 2017157444A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brick
thermal conductivity
taphole
taphole assembly
sample
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2016/055765
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Colin CARTMILL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Priority to PCT/EP2016/055765 priority Critical patent/WO2017157444A1/fr
Publication of WO2017157444A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017157444A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1518—Tapholes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
    • C21C5/445—Lining or repairing the taphole
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4653—Tapholes; Opening or plugging thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a taphole assembly, which is typically used in a metallurgical vessel (like a steel-making converter) for the discharge of molten metal.
  • a generic taphole assembly is disclosed in US 4,427, 184. It is comprised of a series of refractory blocks (bricks), each defining a central bore and the bores being aligned to define respective and successive sections of the taphole installation.
  • the invention starts from this generic taphole design.
  • taphole bricks made of a refractory ceramic material based on magnesia (MgO). This is in particular true for taphole assemblies in contact with molten metal in basic steel making furnaces, such as a so-called BOF (basic oxygen furnace).
  • BOF basic oxygen furnace
  • the invention relates to a taphole assembly for a metallurgical vessel, comprising the following features:
  • the bricks are made of an MgO based refractory material and
  • a terminal brick at a lower end of the taphole assembly, when the metallurgical vessel is in a tapping position is a multi-layer brick, comprising an outer layer, made of a material which has a thermal conductivity of at most 80% of the thermal conductivity of an inner MgO based layer.
  • the outer layer of the terminal brick (terminal brick being equivalent to an end section of a monolithic one-piece taphole) can be made of an Al 2 2 3 -based refractory material, for example a monolithic refractory, comprising at least 60wt.-%, >75wt.-% or >90wt.-% alumina, i.e. a high alumina refractory.
  • the outer layer (the insulating layer) of said terminal brick has a wall thickness, which is between 70 and
  • the wall thickness (being the wall thickness measured in a radial direction to the tapping channel) of the insulation layer may be about the same as the inner MgO based layer, bigger or smaller, depending on the insulation effect required.
  • Test A with a taphole assembly made of generic MgO bricks (ring shaped blocks according to US 4,427, 184).
  • the inner layer was made of the same MgO material as all other bricks, while the outer layer was made of a refractory material comprising 98wt.-% Al 2 O 3 (alumina). Both assemblies were installed in a BOF.
  • the tapping channel may have any cross-section.
  • the outer layer of the terminal brick may have a wall thickness such that its outer surface is substantially flush with corresponding outer surfaces of the other bricks of the taphole assembly. This makes it easier to integrate the assembly into the adjacent refractory lining of the
  • the taphole assembly as shown comprises a series of refractory ring- shaped bricks (blocks) 1 , 2, 3, 4, each defining a central bore and the bores of adjacent bricks being aligned to define respective and successive sections of the taphole (channel).
  • All of said bricks 1 , 2, 3 are made of an MgO based refractory standard material comprising:
  • Lowermost brick 4 differs from bricks 3 as it is made of two distinct layers, an inner layer 4i surrounding a bore 6 of said brick 4 and an outer layer 4o, surrounding said inner layer 4i, wherein the overall shape of brick 4 corresponds to that of brick 3.
  • inner layer 4i is made of the same MgO-based material as brick 3
  • outer layer 4o is made of a refractory material comprising:
  • the thermal conductivity of inner layer 4i is: 10,0 W/mK at 500°C and 5,0 W/mK at 1200°C.
  • the thermal conductivity of outer layer 4o is: 3,3 W/mK at 500°C and 2,7 W/mK at 1200°C. wherein the thermal conductivity is always established under reducing atmosphere (intert gas atmosphere) and according to the Dr. Klasse method, disclosed in "Berichte der Deutschen Keramischenmaschine e. V., edition 6/57, pages 183-189" and referred to in UNITECR
  • the new design of terminal brick 4 with outer insulation layer 4o allows to keep the terminal brick 4 during casting (tapping) at a temperature which is between 100°C and 200°C higher compared with the
  • ABSTRACT put to the hot wire and its temperature at two specific intervals
  • Thermal conductivity is one of the key properties of refracthe position where the temperature increase after the application tory products. It is used to determine the design of the overall reof the current to the heating wire is measured.
  • the thermocouple fractory lining and the steel construction, but also the dimensions is placed 15 mm beside the hot wire with limbs parallel to it. of potential cooling equipment of all industrial high-temperature
  • the method is used for materials with a thermal conductivity applications. It can even be critical in the decision to install a of up to 25 W/(mK) and the minimum sample size is again two certain refractory material or not. bricks of 200 mm x 100 mm x 50 mm or equivalent, recommended dimensions are 230 mm x 114 mm x 64 mm. Measurements
  • Hot wire methods can be carried out up to 1250 e C.
  • the hot The laser flash analysis belongs to the transient type of methods wire methods can only be used for non-carbonaceous, dielectric for measuring the thermal conductivity. It is not values obtained refractories and it is difficult to make accurate measurements of in an equilibrium state but the change of the temperature in deanisotropic materials but they have the advantage of being applipendence of time that is measured and used for the calculations.
  • test specimens consist of two 228-mm (9-in.) straight brick sphere.
  • the sample size is the smallest of the methods described or equivalent which are heated in a furnace to specific temperin this article.
  • a disc with approximately 20 mm (0.8 in) in diature levels (up to 1500 °C). When equilibrium conditions are ameter and a height of several millimeters is usually used for the reached a constant electrical current is applied to a pure platitest.
  • This method measures the time dependant temperature rise at the upper suris also called platinum resistance thermometer technique and is face of the sample and a computer program calculates the thermal used for materials with a thermal conductivity of up to 15 W/ diffusivity.
  • mK thermal conductivity
  • thermocouple In addition to the setup described above a thermocouple is welded sample needs to cool to the furnace temperature. In order to calto the center of the hot wire. The limbs of the thermocouple are culate the thermal conductivity the density and the specific heat perpendicular to the hot wire. capacity of the tested material must be known.
  • the thermal conductivity is calculated from the known power in
  • the laser flash analysis is best suited for fine grained carbon containing refractory materials, for example many isostatically measurements can be carried out in air (oxidizing conditions) or pressed products fulfill these criterions. Due to using a transient can be executed in an inert gas atmosphere. Inert gas atmosphere measuring method and the small sample size it is the fastest methit is commonly used for magnesia-carbon refractories as they are od described in this paper. A complete measurement is usually usually too coarse grained for laser flash.
  • the ASTM C201 method belongs to the steady state methods for pleted within two days.
  • the heating chamber is placed
  • MgO-C refractories When measuring the thermal conductivity at a specific temperaDue to their carbon content MgO-C refractories usually cannot ture the whole system has to fulfill certain equilibrium conditions be measured with the hot wire methods. At elevated temperatures that are specified in the ASTM standard [5]. As a result after evthe carbon chemically reacts with the platinum heating wire and ery temperature change of the furnace it takes up to twelve hours the thermocouples. Additionally the electrical conductivity of to reach those conditions. In the original setup of the device this the material makes it impossible to fulfill certain criterions for a was controlled by the operator. As this was very time consuming valid measurement (e.g. the current that should only heat the wire (and technically not up to date) the decision was made to upwould also go through the material and the temperature calculagrade the device.
  • the ASTM C201 device could be used by a computer. These changes have resulted in a halving of the for the measurement of MgO-C materials however the device is time for a measurement and improved accuracy. Due to the large not completely sealed. Additionally the long duration of a measample size and the small area in the center of the sample where surement will lead to carbon burnout and a decarburized sample the data for the calculation is collected, radial losses of heat don't surface changes the thermal conductivity. With the laser flash deplay a role for the precision with this experimental setup.
  • the vice carbon containing refractories can be measured provided the duration of a complete measurement is dependent on the number grains in the specimen are not too large (grain size ⁇ 1 mm).
  • the of temperature levels to be tested Usually it takes three days up Dr. Klasse devices can be used for carbon containing materials. to one week. This method is best suited for insulating refractory Before the thermal conductivity of a magnesia-carbon refractory materials. material can be measured the sample must be coked. Otherwise volatile components that are set free when the material reaches
  • the Dr. Klasse method is also a steady state method for thermal ment.
  • The is also disk shaped with a diameter of 100 mm (4 in) and a height differences between the four samples measured in the Dr. Klasse of 25 mm (1 in). Two grooves are cut in the sample for the therapparatus seem to be significant. The two measurements of the mocouples. To be able to calculate the thermal conductivity of the identical sample are almost indistinguishable. The biggest differsample a reference disk of same dimensions and with confirmed ence is between the Dr. Klasse and the laser flash result. Other thermal conductivity is placed on top of the disk pile. To miniMgO-C materials with a different carbon content not included in mize radial heat loss the area around the pile is filled with granuthis paper showed similar behavior.
  • the laser lar insulating refractory material [6].
  • flash method is more suited for fine grained materials (grain size ⁇ lmm).
  • the MgO-C material contains large magnesia
  • the grains act like "a heat conductivity highway".
  • Fig.2 Simulated temperature profile ofthe ladle wall (case 1)
  • the liquid steel temperature was 1650 °C and the ambient temperature was 37 °C for all simulations.
  • thermal conductivity measuring methods are applicable to all refractory materials.
  • sample selection has an influence on the results as the materials are never completely homogeneous.
  • variances in thermal conductivity have only a minor influence on parameters like the outside temperature of a metallurgical vessel.
  • variances in the ⁇ value can have a major impact on a lining concept.
  • the simulations in this paper clearly show that the increasing the thermal conductivity ofthe hot face material has a much smaller influence than increasing the insulating material thermal conductivity.
  • the heat flow density is also significantly affected by the change of the insulating material parameters.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble trou de coulée pour une cuve métallurgique, constitué d'au moins deux briques de forme annulaire (1, 2, 3, 4), constituées d'un matériau réfractaire à base de MgO et disposées les unes après les autres, pour former un canal de coulée continu (C), une brique terminale (4) au niveau d'une extrémité inférieure de l'ensemble trou de coulée, lorsque la cuve métallurgique est dans une position de piquage, étant une brique multicouche, comprenant une couche externe (4o) constituée d'un matériau qui a une conductivité thermique d'au maximum 80 % de la conductivité thermique d'une couche interne à base de MgO (4i) de ladite brique terminale (4).
PCT/EP2016/055765 2016-03-17 2016-03-17 Ensemble trou de coulée Ceased WO2017157444A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2016/055765 WO2017157444A1 (fr) 2016-03-17 2016-03-17 Ensemble trou de coulée

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2016/055765 WO2017157444A1 (fr) 2016-03-17 2016-03-17 Ensemble trou de coulée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017157444A1 true WO2017157444A1 (fr) 2017-09-21

Family

ID=55661374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2016/055765 Ceased WO2017157444A1 (fr) 2016-03-17 2016-03-17 Ensemble trou de coulée

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2017157444A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107400752A (zh) * 2017-09-26 2017-11-28 湖南湘钢瑞泰科技有限公司 出钢口总成和转炉

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3353809A (en) * 1965-11-02 1967-11-21 Snellman Roger Refractory pouring tube for degassing vessels
US3422857A (en) * 1967-06-02 1969-01-21 Dresser Ind Degasser device
GB1184466A (en) * 1966-05-27 1970-03-18 Veitscher Magnesitwerke Ag Tapholes for Metallurgical Vessels
EP0057946A1 (fr) * 1981-02-05 1982-08-18 Veitscher Magnesitwerke-Actien-Gesellschaft Dispositif de coulée pour convertisseurs

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3353809A (en) * 1965-11-02 1967-11-21 Snellman Roger Refractory pouring tube for degassing vessels
GB1184466A (en) * 1966-05-27 1970-03-18 Veitscher Magnesitwerke Ag Tapholes for Metallurgical Vessels
US3422857A (en) * 1967-06-02 1969-01-21 Dresser Ind Degasser device
EP0057946A1 (fr) * 1981-02-05 1982-08-18 Veitscher Magnesitwerke-Actien-Gesellschaft Dispositif de coulée pour convertisseurs
US4427184A (en) 1981-02-05 1984-01-24 Veitscher Magnesitwerke-Actien-Gesellschaft Taphole apparatus

Non-Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Standard Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refractories", ASTM C201-93, 2013
DEUTSCHEN KERAMISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT: "Berichte der Deutschen Keramischen Gesellschaft e. V., edition 6/57,", pages: 183 - 189
HOT WIRE: "ASTM C 1113/C 1113M-09 Standard Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refractories", PLATINUM RESISTANCE THERMOMETER TECHNIQUE
KLASSE, F.; HEINZ, A.; HEIN, J.: "Vergleichsverfahren zur Ermittlung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit keramischer Werkstofte", PRESENTED AT THE JAHRESTAGUNG DER DKG, WIESBADEN, GENNA-NY, 17 June 1956 (1956-06-17)
ROUTSCHKA, G.; WUTHNOW, H.: "Handbook of Refractory Materials, 4th edition,", 2012, VULKAN VERLAG
WULF, R: "Technischen Universität Bergakade-mie Freiberg, Germany (Wärmeleitfähigkeit von hitzebestan-digen und feuerfesten Dämmstoffen-Untersuchmigen zu Ur-sachen fur umterschiedliche Messergebnisse bei Verwendung verschiedener Messverfahren", PH.D. THESIS

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107400752A (zh) * 2017-09-26 2017-11-28 湖南湘钢瑞泰科技有限公司 出钢口总成和转炉

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Yurkov Refractories for aluminium
Reynaert et al. Corrosion tests for refractory materials intended for the steel industry—A review
Chen et al. Degradation mechanisms of alumina-chromia refractories for secondary copper smelter linings
Muñoz et al. Slag corrosion of alumina-magnesia-carbon refractory bricks: Experimental data and thermodynamic simulation
Fu et al. Corrosion mechanism of lightweight microporous alumina‐based refractory by molten steel
Vitiello Thermo-physical properties of insulating refractory materials
Lee et al. Complex phase equilibria in refractories design and use
Wang et al. Dynamic and static corrosion of alpha-alumina bonded refractory in contact with molten soda-lime-silica (SLS) glass
Scheunis et al. The effect of a temperature gradient on the phase formation inside a magnesia–chromite refractory in contact with a non-ferrous PbO–SiO2–MgO slag
WO2017157444A1 (fr) Ensemble trou de coulée
Nikiforov et al. Investigation of the dependence of refractory thermal conductivity on impregnation with a corrosive medium
US20100016146A1 (en) Baked refractory product
Calvo et al. Basic slag corrosion of alumina–magnesia–carbon refractory bricks containing Al and Si antioxidants
JP7553794B2 (ja) 浸漬ノズルの耐食性評価方法
Banerjee Properties of refractories
JP2000039412A (ja) 耐火物の試験装置
CN213121688U (zh) 一种评价高炉炉缸热面黏滞层性状的试验系统
Saito et al. Measurement of thermal conductivity of magnesia brick with straight brick specimens by hot wire method
Chan et al. Influence of Coarse Aggregate Content on the Thermal Conductivity of Alumina–Spinel Castables
Abu-Hamatteh et al. Improvement of chemical and thermal properties of fire-clay refractory bricks
CN110806362A (zh) 一种锌浸出渣挥发窑用耐火砖挂渣性能测试方法
RU2000871C1 (ru) Термозонд дл сталеплавильных печей
Vicario et al. A novel procedure for the evaluation of new refractories for aluminium furnaces
Nandy et al. Oxidation kinetics of MgO–C in air with varying ash content
US3463648A (en) Ladle brick

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 16714262

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 16714262

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1