WO2017194091A1 - Soupape d'échange des gaz - Google Patents

Soupape d'échange des gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017194091A1
WO2017194091A1 PCT/EP2016/060343 EP2016060343W WO2017194091A1 WO 2017194091 A1 WO2017194091 A1 WO 2017194091A1 EP 2016060343 W EP2016060343 W EP 2016060343W WO 2017194091 A1 WO2017194091 A1 WO 2017194091A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
gas exchange
layer
nickel
exchange valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2016/060343
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Dogar
Stephan Körner
Reinhard Rose
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=55913653&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2017194091(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Priority to EP16720876.8A priority Critical patent/EP3455468B1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2016/060343 priority patent/WO2017194091A1/fr
Publication of WO2017194091A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017194091A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
    • F01L3/04—Coated valve members or valve-seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine with a valve disk and a valve stem, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a method and a
  • a side of the valve disk facing away from a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is provided with a catalytic coating and a surface of the valve stem adjoining the valve disk is provided with an antiadhesive coating.
  • gas exchange valves in internal combustion engines are exposed to high thermal and / or mechanical loads.
  • thermal loads for example due to oils, lubricants or other substances, also play a decisive role, since these can often have a negative effect on the corrosion resistance and thus the resistance to wear.
  • the present invention therefore deals with the problem of providing for a gas exchange valve of the generic type an improved or at least one alternative embodiment, which is characterized in particular by an increased wear resistance and increased corrosion resistance. This problem is inventively achieved by the subject matter of
  • the present invention is based on the general idea to provide a per se known gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine with a valve disk and a valve stem, at least on the valve stem at least partially with a galvanically applied nickel-phosphorus layer whose
  • Phosphorus content is greater than 10 wt .-%, in particular between 1 1 and 13 wt .-% is. Due to the very high phosphorus content of> 10 wt .-%, a previously unavailable corrosion protection can be achieved. Surprisingly, such a nickel-phosphorus layer has also proved to be particularly effective against intergranular corrosion, hot gas and condensate corrosion. In order to enable such a high proportion of phosphorus, the galvanic liquid must be very well mixed during galvanic coating, so that sufficient phosphorus is present and the deposition of hydrogen which forms during coating of the valve contour, in particular in the region of the valve stem, does not hinder the deposition.
  • the nickel-phosphorus layer has a layer thickness of 8 ⁇ ⁇ dnp ⁇ 15 ⁇ on.
  • a layer thickness ensures on the one hand a high wear resistance and on the other hand a significantly increased
  • Corrosion protection for the gas exchange valve which in particular at a Use as an inlet or outlet valve is exposed not only high thermal and mechanical, but also high chemical loads.
  • a nickel strike layer is arranged as an adhesive layer between the gas exchange valve and the nickel-phosphorus layer, in particular to achieve improved adhesion and thus improved bonding of the nickel-phosphorus layer on a high-alloyed valve steel can.
  • Such a nickel strike layer usually has only a thickness of 1 to 2 ⁇ , but allows an extremely viable connection of the nickel-phosphorus layer with the gas exchange valve.
  • the nickel-phosphorus layer is at least partially covered with a chromium layer.
  • the chromium layer is merely purely optional provided and applied as a thin film and is usually tightly closed and crack-free. As a result, the corrosion resistance can be increased again.
  • Such an additional and only purely optional chromium layer is provided exclusively if it has to be feared that the wear resistance already improved by the nickel-phosphorus layer, in particular in the case of extreme deficient lubrication states, is insufficient.
  • a valve guide region of the valve stem is additionally coated with such a chromium layer, since the mechanical stresses occurring there are particularly high, in addition to the thermal and chemical stresses.
  • the chromium layer together with the nickel-phosphorus layer has a thickness of ⁇ 25 ⁇ on. This results in a coating that achieves the best solution in terms of function and cost.
  • the present invention is further based on the general idea of specifying a method for coating a gas exchange valve, in which first a nickel strike layer is applied galvanically at least in a valve guide region of the valve stem of the gas exchange valve to be coated.
  • This nickel strike layer serves as a bonding agent for a later to be applied in this area nickel-phosphorus layer having a phosphorus content of> 10 wt .-%, in particular with a phosphorus content between 1 1 and 13 wt .-%.
  • the nickel strike layer is formed as a thin layer and usually only 1 to 2 ⁇ thick. However, it causes an optimum connection of the corrosion resistance and the
  • the high phosphorus content of the nickel-phosphorus layer is responsible for the good corrosion protection and in particular against intercrystalline corrosion, hot gas and condensate corrosion.
  • the nickel-phosphorus layer can additionally be at least partially covered with a chromium layer. This is usually crack-free, thereby increasing the corrosion resistance, as well as the wear resistance in deficient lubrication conditions.
  • the present invention is further based on the general idea to provide a device for coating a gas exchange valve, which has a galvanic bath with a galvanic liquid and an anode and a cathode disposed therein.
  • the anode has a receptacle in which the gas exchange valve to be coated with a valve stem end can be added and centered in particular, wherein the anode additionally has a negative contour to a valve throat of the gas exchange valve and thereby is able to receive the gas exchange valve to be coated fixed in position in the anode.
  • a cathode is provided in the electroplating bath, which can be placed flat on the valve disk base and via which the same can be introduced into the gas exchange valve for coating. By contacting the valve disc bottom with the cathode is thus the
  • Gas exchange valve itself the actual cathode and the holder, which receives the gas exchange valve and the lattice-shaped area of the gas exchange valve to be coated, in particular the valve stem surrounds the anode. Both are electrodes, the anode is usually a so-called insoluble mixed metal oxide (MMO anode), which offers the advantage in the
  • Coating process does not dissolve and thus always guarantees a constant distance to the valve and thereby allows a uniform coating.
  • a mixing device such as a propeller or the like may be provided, which ensures that sufficient phosphorus is present and the hydrogen produced during coating and deposited on the valve contour does not hinder the deposition.
  • FIG. 1 is a view of an inventive gas exchange valve with a cut detail
  • Fig. 2 shows a device according to the invention for coating the
  • a gas exchange valve 1 according to the invention of an internal combustion engine, not shown otherwise, has a valve disk 2 and a valve stem 3.
  • the gas exchange valve 1 is usually designed as an inlet or outlet valve.
  • the gas exchange valve 1 at least on the valve stem 3 at least partially coated with a galvanically applied nickel-phosphorus layer 4 (see also the detailed illustration in Figure 1) whose phosphorus content> 10 wt .-% (weight percent) is.
  • the phosphorus content of the nickel-phosphorus layer 4 is even between 1 1 and 13 wt .-%.
  • the high phosphorus content is responsible for a good corrosion protection with the nickel-phosphorus layer 4 should protect against intercrystalline corrosion, hot gas and condensate corrosion in particular.
  • the nickel-phosphorus layer 4 has a layer thickness of 8 ⁇ ⁇ dNP ⁇ 5 ⁇ .
  • a nickel strike layer 5 may be provided between the gas exchange valve 1 and the nickel-phosphorus layer 4. This nickel strike layer 5 is only 1 to 2 ⁇ thick.
  • the nickel-phosphorus layer 4 may additionally be coated, at least in regions, with a chromium layer 6, which is applied as a thin layer and is usually designed to be leakproof and crack-free.
  • a chromium layer 6 is only purely optional provided that already increased
  • the chromium layer 6 together with the nickel-phosphorus layer 4 should have a thickness d ⁇ 25 ⁇ . Since an increased mechanical load occurs in the region 7 of a valve guide, which also requires increased resistance to wear and corrosion, it makes sense to apply the nickel-phosphorus layer 4 according to the invention and optionally additionally the chromium layer 6, in particular in this region 7.
  • the gas exchange valve 1 itself is made of a known high-alloy steel, for example X50CrMnNiNbN21 -9 (1.4882) steel, a
  • NiCr20TiAI (Nimonic 80A 2.4952) steel or a Nireva 3015 steel.
  • the device 8 has a galvanic 9 with a galvanic liquid 10 having an anode 1 1 arranged therein.
  • the anode 1 1 has a receptacle 12, in which the gas exchange valve 1 to be coated is accommodated with a valve stem end, and a negative contour 13, which is complementary to a valve throat 14 of the gas exchange valve 1 and thereby rests flat against this.
  • a cathode 15 which rests flat on the valve disc bottom of the valve disk 2 and via the current by means of a power source 16 in the gas exchange valve 1 can be introduced.
  • the gas exchange valve 1 is thus the actual cathode, via which current flows to the anode 11.
  • a mixing device 17 by means of which the
  • Electroplating liquid 10 is well mixed during the galvanic coating, so that always a sufficiently high phosphorus content for producing the nickel-phosphorus layer 4 can reach the surface of the valve stem 3. In addition, this is also an undesirable deposition of
  • the anode 1 1 is usually a mixed metal oxide (MMO) anode.
  • MMO mixed metal oxide
  • valve stem 3 but additionally at least the valve throat 14 are coated with the nickel-phosphorus layer 4 according to the invention and optionally additionally with the chromium layer 6 for improved wear and corrosion resistance.
  • nickel-phosphorus layer 4 according to the invention with its comparatively high phosphorus content of> 10% and the optional chromium layer 6, a particularly high resistance to wear and corrosion can be achieved, which could not be achieved with previously comparable coatings.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une soupape d'échange des gaz (1) d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant une tête de soupape (2) et une queue de soupape (3). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que cette soupape d'échange des gaz présente, au moins sur la queue de soupape (3), au moins dans certaines zones, une couche de nickel-phosphore (4) appliquée par voie galvanique, dont la proportion de phosphore est supérieure à 10 % en poids, notamment entre 11 et 13 % en poids. Cela permet d'améliorer la résistance à l'usure et à la corrosion.
PCT/EP2016/060343 2016-05-09 2016-05-09 Soupape d'échange des gaz Ceased WO2017194091A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16720876.8A EP3455468B1 (fr) 2016-05-09 2016-05-09 Soupape d'échange des gaz
PCT/EP2016/060343 WO2017194091A1 (fr) 2016-05-09 2016-05-09 Soupape d'échange des gaz

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2016/060343 WO2017194091A1 (fr) 2016-05-09 2016-05-09 Soupape d'échange des gaz

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017194091A1 true WO2017194091A1 (fr) 2017-11-16

Family

ID=55913653

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2016/060343 Ceased WO2017194091A1 (fr) 2016-05-09 2016-05-09 Soupape d'échange des gaz

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3455468B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017194091A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2745777A (en) * 1951-12-20 1956-05-15 Armco Steel Corp Internal combustion engine valves and the like
US5370364A (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-12-06 Fuji Oozx Inc. Titanium alloy engine valve shaft structure
US5441024A (en) * 1994-05-09 1995-08-15 Val-Kro, Inc. Engine valve
FR2796399A1 (fr) * 1999-07-12 2001-01-19 Renault Piece mecanique de friction recouverte d'un revetement triboactif a base de bronzes d'oxydes metalliques
DE10358729A1 (de) 2003-12-15 2005-07-21 Volkswagen Ag Gaswechselventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine
US20130153432A1 (en) * 2011-11-02 2013-06-20 Robert Jones Amorphous Nickel Phosphorus Alloys for Oil and Gas
US20160169400A1 (en) * 2014-12-12 2016-06-16 Mahle International Gmbh Gas exchange valve

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060040126A1 (en) 2004-08-18 2006-02-23 Richardson Rick A Electrolytic alloys with co-deposited particulate matter
CN201891919U (zh) 2010-09-09 2011-07-06 扬中市阀门厂有限公司 一种耐磨耐腐蚀的阀杆
DE102012202859B4 (de) 2012-02-24 2025-12-31 Mahle International Gmbh Ventilsystem zur Ladungswechselsteuerung
DE102013203443A1 (de) 2013-02-28 2014-08-28 Mahle International Gmbh Metallisches Hohlventil

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2745777A (en) * 1951-12-20 1956-05-15 Armco Steel Corp Internal combustion engine valves and the like
US5370364A (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-12-06 Fuji Oozx Inc. Titanium alloy engine valve shaft structure
US5441024A (en) * 1994-05-09 1995-08-15 Val-Kro, Inc. Engine valve
FR2796399A1 (fr) * 1999-07-12 2001-01-19 Renault Piece mecanique de friction recouverte d'un revetement triboactif a base de bronzes d'oxydes metalliques
DE10358729A1 (de) 2003-12-15 2005-07-21 Volkswagen Ag Gaswechselventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine
US20130153432A1 (en) * 2011-11-02 2013-06-20 Robert Jones Amorphous Nickel Phosphorus Alloys for Oil and Gas
US20160169400A1 (en) * 2014-12-12 2016-06-16 Mahle International Gmbh Gas exchange valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3455468B1 (fr) 2021-01-20
EP3455468A1 (fr) 2019-03-20

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