WO2017194879A1 - Système d'alimentation pour alimenter un moule en métal fondu, installation et procédé de fabrication la mettant en œuvre - Google Patents
Système d'alimentation pour alimenter un moule en métal fondu, installation et procédé de fabrication la mettant en œuvre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017194879A1 WO2017194879A1 PCT/FR2017/051116 FR2017051116W WO2017194879A1 WO 2017194879 A1 WO2017194879 A1 WO 2017194879A1 FR 2017051116 W FR2017051116 W FR 2017051116W WO 2017194879 A1 WO2017194879 A1 WO 2017194879A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- installation
- molten metal
- feed
- mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/045—Directionally solidified castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
- B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
Definitions
- the invention relates to the general field of the manufacture of parts by foundry.
- the invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, to a feed system for supplying molten metal to a mold for making parts by lost-wax foundry, in particular in a gravity-fed casting configuration.
- a wax model of the part to be produced is produced first, around which a ceramic shell forming a mold is formed.
- a molten metal is then poured into the mold, and directed solidification of the metal can be achieved to obtain, after removal of the mold, the molded part.
- This method is advantageous for producing complex-shaped metal parts, and also makes it possible to obtain parts having a monocrystalline structure, for example by using a germ or a grain selector conduit.
- a feed system is generally provided to feed the molten metal mold from a bucket located higher than the mold, and the mold can be filled progressively from bottom to top.
- the velocity of the liquid metal front entering the mold for the first time at the beginning of the casting (also referred to as the "first metal stream") can be high. In some cases, this speed can reach 1.5 m / s. This phenomenon can cause leaks, inclusions of particles torn from the ceramic shell in the mold, and, where appropriate, the degradation or displacement of a core present in the mold.
- Feeding systems comprising a feed duct for conveying the molten metal into a mold, the duct being provided with a bend at which it takes a sufficiently tight turn, for example at 90 °, to reduce the speed the first metal stream before it arrives in the mold.
- These power systems while reducing the speed of the first jet, create new problems at the elbow. Indeed, when the first jet of metal arrives with a high speed at the elbow, it abuts on the latter by causing an overpressure that is commonly referred to as water hammer. This phenomenon can cause the stalling of ceramic particles at the elbow, and weaken the feed system which may then be subject to leakage of molten metal.
- the main object of the present invention is therefore to overcome such disadvantages by proposing a ceramic material installation for manufacturing a plurality of molded parts from a molten metal, the installation comprising:
- a vertical duct surmounted by a bucket through which a liquid metal is intended to be introduced into the installation, the vertical duct comprising a distributor near its lower end,
- each system comprising a feed channel configured to allow the molten metal to flow by gravity within said feed channel, said feed channel feedstock comprising a first portion extending in a first direction from the tundish, and two second portions extending in a second direction different from the first direction, each second portion being disposed downstream of the first portion and being connected at the first portion by a junction, and
- each mold being connected to a second portion of the feed channel so that molten metal can travel from the feed system into each mold.
- the supply system further comprises a damping channel comprising a first end opening into the junction and a closed second end, said damping channel extending the first portion of the supply channel.
- the installation comprising a feed system according to the invention can be used for foundry casting source gravity.
- the feed channel is configured to allow gravity flow of a molten metal, for example by having a sufficient inclination, so that the metal can then walk to the inside of a mold connected by example to the second portion of the feed channel.
- the mold can be fed from a lower end so that the metal can fill it from bottom to top.
- the junction between the first and the second portion of the feed channel deflects the first jet of metal between the two portions to slow down before it reaches the mold.
- the invention provides a remarkable power system in that it further comprises a damping channel which extends the first portion of the supply channel.
- the damping channel opens at a first end into the junction of the feed channel, and is blind (i.e., closed, or obstructed) at a second end.
- the damping channel extends the first portion of the feed channel, the molten metal will first flow naturally in the first portion of the feed channel, then in the damping channel that it will fill, and finally in the second portion of the feed channel to then fill a mold.
- damping channel according to the invention is empty before casting of the metal, that is to say that no element is present inside, in particular the damping channel is devoid of germ (eg monocrystalline germ). In particular, no metal is present inside the installation before the start of the casting.
- germ eg monocrystalline germ
- the damping channel of the system according to the invention makes it possible to further dampen the first metal jet when it reaches the junction.
- the inventor has shown by means of simulations that the speed of the first metal stream could be reduced to less than 0.4 m / s after joining using a feed system according to the invention; while in an equivalent configuration with a simple 90 ° elbow in place of the damping channel, this speed can reach 0.7 m / s.
- the damping channel thus makes it possible to reduce the hammer effect that occurred at the junction.
- the supply channel is less weakened and the risk of ceramic particles falling off the feed channel is reduced.
- the first metal jet when it reaches the damping channel, it remains at least partly trapped inside.
- This first metal jet usually carries ceramic impurities and oxides which are to be avoided in the molded part.
- the damping channel thus makes it possible to reduce the presence of these undesirable elements in the molded part.
- the supply channel of the supply system may have a circular section, the length of the damping channel being equal to at least twice the diameter of the supply channel. This arrangement improves the trap effect of the first metal jet.
- the damping channel may comprise a first portion extending between the first end and a second portion, said second portion extending between said first portion and said second end of the damping channel, said second portion portion being located below said first portion.
- the second portion of the feed channel increases the trap effect of the first metal stream. Indeed, as this second portion is located below the first portion, that is to say below, the metal will be forced to stay in the feed channel because of gravity.
- the second portion of the damping channel may extend in a direction different from the direction in which the first portion of the damping channel extends.
- the second portion of the damping channel may extend in an inclined direction.
- the second portion of the damping channel of the feed system may extend in a substantially vertical direction, to further increase the trap of the first metal stream.
- the damping channel of the supply system may have a semicircular section.
- the first and second directions are orthogonal.
- the junction may for example take the form of a bend with a 90 ° angle.
- the junction can take the form of a "T"; the vertical bar of the T corresponding to the first portion, and the horizontal bar of the T corresponding to the two second portions. This arrangement also reduces the size of the power system when it is integrated in a facility such as that which will be described below.
- the second portion of the feed channel and the first portion of the damping channel are in the same horizontal plane.
- the installation may furthermore comprise at least two grain selector ducts, each grain selector duct being connected to a second portion of a feed channel on the one hand and to a mold on the other hand.
- a grain selector conduit makes it possible to mold parts which, after directed solidification, have a monocrystalline structure.
- the molds can be adapted to mold aerospace turbine engine turbine blades.
- Such an installation can be made of ceramic from a wax model of said installation. The installation can then constitute a single ceramic element.
- the invention finally relates to a method of manufacturing a plurality of molded parts from a molten metal, the method comprising the following steps:
- FIG. 1 shows an installation for the manufacture of a molded piece from a molten metal
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are enlarged views of the installation of FIG. 1 at the level of a power system
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show other examples of feeding systems according to the invention.
- FIG. 5 shows a flow chart showing the main steps of a method of manufacturing a molded part implementing an installation according to the invention.
- the present invention will now be described in its application to the manufacture of aerospace turbine engine turbine blades by gravity source casting.
- the present invention advantageously makes it possible to reduce the inclusion of impurities in the molded part due in particular to a sudden arrival of the metal inside the mold feeding system, while also reducing the presence of oxides which can be transported by the first metal stream into the feed system.
- Figure 1 shows an installation 1 according to the invention for the manufacture of a molded piece from a molten metal, by a casting process of gravity source casting type. For more clarity, Figure 1 shows only half of an installation according to the invention, the other part not shown being identical.
- upstream and downstream are defined with respect to the direction of flow of molten metal within the installation.
- the installation 1 comprises first a bucket 2 through which a liquid metal can be introduced into the installation 1.
- Bucket 2 overcomes a vertical central duct 3 which includes a distributor 4 near its clogged lower end.
- the annular distributor 4 around the central duct 3 makes it possible to distribute the metal introduced into the installation 1 between a plurality of supply systems 5.
- Each supply system 5 can be provided with a filter 6 which makes it possible to eliminate part of the impurities that may be present. present in the liquid metal entering the supply system 5.
- Each supply system 5 is connected via channels which will be described later to the molds 7 via grain selector ducts 8. In a known manner in itself, the grain selector ducts 8 make it possible to produce monocrystalline pieces after directed solidification.
- the molds 7 are here adapted to manufacture turbine blades for aerospace turbomachines, that is to say they have the shape of such blades. Note that the installation is here placed on a horizontal floor 10 provided to support the entire installation 1 throughout the manufacturing process to be described later. Sole 10 may be provided to germinate the first grains of metal.
- a liquid metal can proceed in the following parts under the effect of gravity: the bucket 2, the central duct 3, the distributor 4, a feed system 5, a feed duct 8 and a mold 7.
- a mold 7 is thus filled from bottom to top, the grain selector duct 8 being connectable to the mold 7 at a lower part of the mold 7.
- FIGS 2A and 2B show in more detail a feed system 5 according to the invention.
- the supply system 5 comprises a feed channel 51 arranged so that a molten metal can flow by gravity along the channel 51.
- the feed channel 51 comprises a first portion 51a which extends from the distributor 4 until at the level of the hearth 10 in a first direction A ( Figure 2B) which is here inclined relative to the horizontal.
- the first portion 51a of the feed channel 51 here has a circular section.
- the first portion 51a of the feed channel 51 is not vertical, that is to say that it makes an angle different from 90 ° with the upper surface of the hearth 10.
- the feed channel 51 further comprises two second portions 51b which are connected downstream of the first portion 51a at a junction 52.
- the two second portions 51b extend in different directions from the first direction A of the first portion 51a.
- the second portions 51b extend on either side of the junction 52 in a second circumferential direction B around the central duct 3.
- the supply channel 51 takes here the shape of a T, the vertical bar of the T corresponding to the first portion 51a and the horizontal bar corresponding to the two second portions 51b of the feed channel 51.
- Each second portion 51b of the feed channel 51 is then connected by a channel 53 to a grain selector duct 8.
- each second portion 51b of the supply channel 51 is connected to a second portion 51b of a neighboring supply system 5 so that the all of the second portions 51b of the installation 1 form a circular duct resting on the hearth 10 around the central duct 3.
- the second portions 51b of the supply channel 51 here have a semicircular section.
- each second portion 51b of the supply channel may not be connected to a second portion 51b of a neighboring supply system 5.
- the supply system 5 further comprises a damping channel 54 which extends the first portion 51a of the feed channel 51 at the junction 52.
- the damping channel 54 opens at a first end 54a ( Figure 2B) in the junction 52, and is blind or obstructed at a second end 54b.
- the damping channel 54 extends in a direction which is here horizontal.
- the directions A, B and C of the portions 51a, 51b and of the channel 54 are the directions that they follow in the immediate vicinity of the junction 52.
- the projections of the directions A and C on the sole 10 are combined, and directions B and C are orthogonal to each other at junction 52.
- damping channel 54 extends the first portion 51a of the feed channel 51 does not necessarily mean that the directions A and C are identical. Extension of the first portion 51a through the damping channel 54 allows the first stream of molten metal to move towards the damping channel 54 as it enters the feed system 5.
- FIG. 2A The path of a liquid metal inside the installation 1 is shown schematically by solid arrows in FIG. 2A.
- FIG. 3 shows a power system 5 'according to another embodiment of the invention.
- the feed system 5 comprises a feed channel 151 having a first portion 151a extended downstream by a damping channel 154 and two second portions 151b.
- the first portion 151a and the two second portions 151b join at a junction 152.
- the damping channel 154 also opens at its first end 154a in the junction 152 and is blind or closed at its second end 154b.
- the supply channel 151 and the damping channel 154 are not supported by the hearth 10 and each have a circular section of diameter d.
- the first portion 151a of the feed channel 151 extends in a first horizontal direction A, and the damping channel 154 extends in a direction which coincides with the direction A.
- the two second portions 151b of the channel supply 151 extend on both sides of the junction 152 in a second horizontal direction B which is orthogonal to the direction A at the junction 152.
- the length L of the channel D The damping 154 may be at least twice the diameter d of the damping channel 154, which makes it possible to maintain a constant section between the damping channel 154 and the feed channel 151.
- the supply system 5" comprises a feed channel 251 having a first portion 251a extended to the downstream by a damping channel 254 and two second portions 251b.
- the first portion 251a and the second two portions 251b join at a junction 252.
- the damping channel 254 also opens at its first end 254a in the junction 252 and is blind at its second end 254b.
- the two second portions 251b of the feed channel 251 extend on either side of the junction 252 according to a second horizontal direction B which is orthogonal to the direction A at the junction 252.
- the damping channel 254 comprises two portions 254c and 254d, while the previously described channels 54 and 154 comprise a single portion.
- the first portion 254c extends between the first end 254a and the second portion 254d; and the second portion 254d extends between the first portion 254c and the second end 254d of the damping channel 254.
- the first portion 254c of the damping channel 254 extends in a first horizontal direction A, and the first portion 251a the supply channel 251 extends in a direction C coincides here with the direction A.
- the second portion 254d of the damping channel 254 extends in a direction D which is vertical here for this second portion 254d is below the first portion 254c.
- the second end 254b of the damping channel 254 is located at the hearth 10 so that the damping channel 254 rests on the hearth 10.
- the direction D may not be vertical and simply slanted, however the maximum trap effect of the first metal stream is obtained for a vertical direction.
- the supply channels 251 and damping 254 have a circular section of diameter d.
- the length L of the first portion 254c of the damping channel 254 may be greater than or equal to twice the diameter d.
- the feed channel 51, 151, 251 includes two second portions 51b, 151b, 251b, but could include only one or more than two.
- the installation 1 which has been described above can be made entirely of ceramic material, for example by a lost wax casting process.
- a model of the installation 1 in wax must first be manufactured. Then, this wax model is covered with a ceramic shell by successive quenching in a suitable slip (quenching / stuccoing). The ceramic is then fired and the wax removed to obtain the installation 1 of ceramic material.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the main steps of a process for manufacturing a casting molded from a molten metal using an installation 1 such as that described previously.
- the first step E1 of the method consists in filling the molds 8 of the 1 by pouring molten metal into the installation. To do this, we can pour the metal directly into the bucket 2 of the installation 1, and it can walk by gravity to fill the molds 8.
- the second step E2 consists in achieving directed solidification of the metal present in the mold, so as to obtain the molded part. Directed solidification is carried out in a suitable furnace in which the installation is placed. The oven makes it possible to control the growth of the crystallized grains, in order to obtain, for example, monocrystalline pieces. Once the part has solidified, it can be unchecked and perform finishing machining.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201780029015.2A CN109153067B (zh) | 2016-05-11 | 2017-05-10 | 用于为模具提供熔融金属的供应系统、以及实现该系统的设备和制造方法 |
| EP17727939.5A EP3455011B1 (fr) | 2016-05-11 | 2017-05-10 | Système d'alimentation pour alimenter un moule en métal fondu, installation et procédé de fabrication la mettant en oeuvre |
| CA3024373A CA3024373C (fr) | 2016-05-11 | 2017-05-10 | Systeme d'alimentation pour alimenter un moule en metal fondu, installation et procede de fabrication la mettant en oeuvre |
| US16/099,100 US10562093B2 (en) | 2016-05-11 | 2017-05-10 | Supply system for supplying a mould with molten metal, and facility and manufacturing method implementing same |
| RU2018143536A RU2732516C2 (ru) | 2016-05-11 | 2017-05-10 | Литниковая система питания изложницы расплавленным металлом, установка и способ изготовления с ее применением |
| BR112018072805-5A BR112018072805B1 (pt) | 2016-05-11 | 2017-05-10 | Instalação de material cerâmico para fabricar uma pluralidade de peças, e, processo para fabricação de uma pluralidade de peças |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1654202 | 2016-05-11 | ||
| FR1654202A FR3051130B1 (fr) | 2016-05-11 | 2016-05-11 | Systeme d'alimentation pour alimenter un moule en metal fondu, installation et procede de fabrication la mettant en oeuvre |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2017194879A1 true WO2017194879A1 (fr) | 2017-11-16 |
| WO2017194879A9 WO2017194879A9 (fr) | 2017-12-28 |
Family
ID=56787541
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2017/051116 Ceased WO2017194879A1 (fr) | 2016-05-11 | 2017-05-10 | Système d'alimentation pour alimenter un moule en métal fondu, installation et procédé de fabrication la mettant en œuvre |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10562093B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3455011B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN109153067B (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR112018072805B1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3024373C (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3051130B1 (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2732516C2 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2017194879A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020081064A1 (fr) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-04-23 | General Electric Company | Ensemble et procédé de coulée par solidification directionnelle |
| CN111804876B (zh) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-08-24 | 东风汽车股份有限公司 | 一种一模八件式浇灌铸件模具 |
| CN115069978B (zh) * | 2021-03-16 | 2024-05-28 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | 燃烧室挡溅盘铸造系统及铸造方法 |
| CN114733999B (zh) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-12-15 | 北京航空材料研究院股份有限公司 | 用于大型蜡模的底注式蜡模浇注系统及熔模铸造模具 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7231955B1 (en) * | 2006-01-30 | 2007-06-19 | United Technologies Corporation | Investment casting mold design and method for investment casting using the same |
| EP2233229A1 (fr) * | 2009-03-17 | 2010-09-29 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Appareil de moulage de monocristal |
| EP2965838A1 (fr) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-01-13 | Refractaria, S.A. | Distributeur pour la coulée d'acier |
| CN105290333A (zh) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-03 | 株洲中航动力精密铸造有限公司 | 底注式浇注系统 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5244187A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1993-09-14 | Ralph Manginelli | Molten metal feed system and method for investment castings |
| US7918265B2 (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2011-04-05 | United Technologies Corporation | Method and apparatus for as-cast seal on turbine blades |
| RU100004U1 (ru) * | 2010-07-05 | 2010-12-10 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева (НГТУ) | Блок выплавляемых моделей для изготовления керамических форм |
| WO2014093826A2 (fr) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-19 | United Technologies Corporation | Coulage à multiples injections |
| FR3004366B1 (fr) * | 2013-04-10 | 2021-04-30 | Snecma | Moule de fonderie monocristalline |
| CN103252453A (zh) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-08-21 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种薄壁铝合金铸件铸造方法 |
| EP2965938B1 (fr) * | 2014-07-08 | 2017-06-21 | Kubota Corporation | Commande de vitesse pour véhicule de travail |
| CN105195681A (zh) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-30 | 苏州金业船用机械厂 | 大型船舶螺旋桨铸造工艺 |
-
2016
- 2016-05-11 FR FR1654202A patent/FR3051130B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2017
- 2017-05-10 WO PCT/FR2017/051116 patent/WO2017194879A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2017-05-10 CA CA3024373A patent/CA3024373C/fr active Active
- 2017-05-10 BR BR112018072805-5A patent/BR112018072805B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2017-05-10 RU RU2018143536A patent/RU2732516C2/ru active
- 2017-05-10 CN CN201780029015.2A patent/CN109153067B/zh active Active
- 2017-05-10 US US16/099,100 patent/US10562093B2/en active Active
- 2017-05-10 EP EP17727939.5A patent/EP3455011B1/fr active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7231955B1 (en) * | 2006-01-30 | 2007-06-19 | United Technologies Corporation | Investment casting mold design and method for investment casting using the same |
| EP2233229A1 (fr) * | 2009-03-17 | 2010-09-29 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Appareil de moulage de monocristal |
| EP2965838A1 (fr) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-01-13 | Refractaria, S.A. | Distributeur pour la coulée d'acier |
| CN105290333A (zh) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-03 | 株洲中航动力精密铸造有限公司 | 底注式浇注系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2018143536A (ru) | 2020-06-11 |
| FR3051130A1 (fr) | 2017-11-17 |
| EP3455011A1 (fr) | 2019-03-20 |
| RU2018143536A3 (fr) | 2020-06-11 |
| BR112018072805B1 (pt) | 2022-05-17 |
| BR112018072805A2 (pt) | 2019-03-12 |
| CN109153067B (zh) | 2020-11-03 |
| CA3024373C (fr) | 2024-07-02 |
| CA3024373A1 (fr) | 2017-11-16 |
| CN109153067A (zh) | 2019-01-04 |
| US10562093B2 (en) | 2020-02-18 |
| US20190184451A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
| RU2732516C2 (ru) | 2020-09-18 |
| EP3455011B1 (fr) | 2020-05-13 |
| FR3051130B1 (fr) | 2019-08-02 |
| WO2017194879A9 (fr) | 2017-12-28 |
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