WO2017203253A1 - Hélice à pas réglable - Google Patents

Hélice à pas réglable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017203253A1
WO2017203253A1 PCT/GB2017/051464 GB2017051464W WO2017203253A1 WO 2017203253 A1 WO2017203253 A1 WO 2017203253A1 GB 2017051464 W GB2017051464 W GB 2017051464W WO 2017203253 A1 WO2017203253 A1 WO 2017203253A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pitch
hub
change
propeller
control head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2017/051464
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Alexander Duncan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TEIGNBRIDGE PROPELLERS INTERNATIONAL Ltd
Original Assignee
TEIGNBRIDGE PROPELLERS INTERNATIONAL Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TEIGNBRIDGE PROPELLERS INTERNATIONAL Ltd filed Critical TEIGNBRIDGE PROPELLERS INTERNATIONAL Ltd
Publication of WO2017203253A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017203253A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/008—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by self-adjusting pitch, e.g. by means of springs, centrifugal forces, hydrodynamic forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/02—Propeller-blade pitch changing actuated by control element coaxial with propeller shaft, e.g. the control element being rotary
    • B63H3/04—Propeller-blade pitch changing actuated by control element coaxial with propeller shaft, e.g. the control element being rotary the control element being reciprocatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C11/00—Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
    • B64C11/30—Blade pitch-changing mechanisms

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an adjustable pitch propeller, and particularly a propeller for use on marine or other watercraft wherein the pitch of the blades can passively adapt to or be controlled remotely to take account of different operating conditions.
  • Controllable pitch propellers are known, as are self-pitch-adjusting propellers - see US 5 366 343 to Muller (expired) for example.
  • a known adjustable pitch propeller the propeller blades are mounted in bearings on a propeller hub such that the blades can each rotate about a radial axis.
  • the pitch angle of the blades is changed by a mechanism which is contained within the hub.
  • the hub is therefore enlarged relative to a fixed pitch propeller to accommodate the blade axles, bearings and control mechanism, and the drive shaft upon which the hub is mounted has to be substantially larger to contain the pitch-change control mechanism. This reduces the effective working area of the blade and increases frictional drag, resulting in reduced propeller performance and efficiency.
  • Adjustable pitch propellers have advantages and disadvantages over a fixed pitch propeller.
  • the propeller pitch can be changed or fine-tuned to suit the vessel operating conditions. For example, the pitch can be reduced or feathered when the vessel is heavily loaded and increased when the vessel is light.
  • an adjustable pitch propeller is much more expensive than a fixed pitch propeller, is not so strong, and, as already stated, in its optimum pitch setting is less efficient than a fixed pitch propeller designed for equivalent operating conditions.
  • GB 550 484 discloses an adjustable pitch propeller in which each of the blades includes a fixed-pitch portion which is fixed relative to the hub and a pitch-change flap which is pivotable about a pitch-change axis extending along a trailing edge of each blade; and the hub is provided with a pitch-change mechanism arranged to adjust the angle of the flaps about their respective pitch-change axes.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a new and inventive form of adjustable pitch propeller in which the hub can be reduced in size with less shaft-line complexity and increased efficiency.
  • an adjustable pitch propeller which includes a drive shaft, a hub and a plurality of blades each having a pitch-change flap with a pitch-change arm engaged with a control head which is movable axially of the drive shaft.
  • the invention also provides an adjustable pitch propeller which includes a drive shaft, a hub and a plurality of blades each having a pitch-change flap supported by a pivot pin which is inserted into the hub.
  • the invention also provides an adjustable pitch propeller which includes a drive shaft, a hub and a plurality of blades each having a pitch-change flap with a pitch-change arm.
  • the invention also provides an adjustable pitch propeller which includes a drive shaft, a hub and a plurality of blades each having a pitch-change flap with a pitch-change arm engaged with a control head which is movable against spring loading.
  • the invention also provides an adjustable pitch propeller which includes a drive shaft, a hub and a plurality of blades each having a pitch-change flap with a pitch-change arm engaged with a control head which is movable against a compression spring which is located in a chamber in the hub.
  • the invention also provides an adjustable pitch propeller which includes a drive shaft, a hub and a plurality of blades each having a pitch-change flap with a pitch-change arm engaged with a control head which is movable against spring loading, and includes means to vary the spring load applied to the control head.
  • the invention also provides an adjustable pitch propeller which includes a drive shaft, a hub and a plurality of blades each having a pitch-change flap with a pitch-change arm engaged with a control head which is movable by a rod, cable or hydraulic fluid.
  • the invention also provides an adjustable pitch propeller which includes a drive shaft, a hub and a plurality of blades each having a pitch-change flap and an outer end of each blade carries a tip plate which rotatably supports the outer end of the flap.
  • Figure 1 is an end view of an adjustable pitch propeller
  • Figure 2 is a section II-II through a blade of the propeller
  • Figure 3 is an edge view of the propeller blade as viewed from the tip of the blade
  • Figure 4 is an edge view of the propeller blade as viewed from the root of the blade
  • Figure 5 is a detail of the root of the blade showing the blade flap as viewed from one end of the propeller;
  • Figure 6 is a transverse sectional view of the propeller hub
  • Figure 7 is another sectional view of the propeller hub as assembled
  • Figure 8 is a sectional view of the propeller shown at rest in a high pitch condition
  • Figure 9 is another sectional view of the propeller in a heavily-loaded low pitch condition
  • Figure 10 is a sectional detail of one of the blades in a modified form of the propeller
  • Figure 11 is a transverse sectional view of the propeller hub in the modification of Fig. 10;
  • Figure 12 is a transverse section through one of the blades in a second modified form of the propeller
  • Figure 13 is a transverse section through one of the blades in a third modified form of the propeller
  • Figure 14 is a plan view of one of the blades in a fourth modified form of the propeller
  • Figure 15 is a general view of one of the blades in a fifth modified form of the propeller
  • Figure 16 is a transverse section through the blade of Fig. 15;
  • Figure 17 is a transverse section through one of the blades in a sixth modified form of the propeller.
  • the adjustable pitch propeller has a hollow hub 1 which is rotatably carried on a drive shaft 2 (Fig. 8) and blades 3 (five in this example) which project radially from the hub.
  • Each of the blades 3 has a main fixed-pitch portion 4 which is fixedly mounted on the hub 1 with a curved leading edge 5 and a straight trailing edge 6.
  • the trailing edge of each blade is provided with a strip-like pitch-change flap 7 extending from the blade tip 12 to the root 13 adjacent to the hub 1.
  • the blades 3 have an upstream suction surface 8 and a downstream pressure surface 9.
  • Each flap 7 is pivotal about a pitch-change axis 14 extending along the trailing edge of the respective blade so that the flap may move continuously through a range of positions, three of which are depicted in the drawing by way of example.
  • the flaps 7 In transverse cross-section the flaps 7 have a convex suction surface 10 and a concave pressure surface 11.
  • the pressure surfaces 11 have a greater curvature than the suction surfaces 10.
  • the suction surfaces 10 are narrower than the pressure surfaces 11, the two surfaces 10 and 11 being connected by an inclined trailing edge 12 which makes an acute angle with the pressure surface 11.
  • each flap 7 is supported and pivotably mounted at the tip of the respective blade 3 by a blade tip plate 15.
  • the blade tip plates may also act to reduce tip lift losses and tip vortice generation. Again, for the purposes of illustration, only two of the range of possible angular positions of the flap 7 are shown.
  • each of the flaps 7, at the root of each blade is provided with a pivot pin 16 which is journalled in a socket 17 in the hollow hub 1.
  • the pivot pin 16 carries a radially projecting arm 18 which, in turn, carries a pitch control pin 19 spaced from the pivot axis 14 of the flap 7.
  • the pitch control pins 19 of the blades are rotatably received in a pitch control head 20, Fig. 7, which is mounted within the hub 1 for axial movement such that movement of the control head axially of the drive shaft 2 causes all of the flaps to pivot simultaneously about their pitch-change axes 14.
  • the pitch of the propeller may be controlled automatically to adapt to different operating conditions.
  • the pitch-change flaps 7 are journalled in a cylindrical hub component 22 which is bolted to a hub nut 23 using threaded axial holes 24 (Fig.s 6 and 7).
  • the hub nut 23 contains a cylindrical chamber 25 which contains a compression spring 26 acting between the end wall 27 of the chamber 25 and a flange 20A on the pitch control head 20.
  • An adjustment rod 28 which is screw-threaded into the pitch control head 20 extends through the chamber 25, passing through a stepped hole 29 in the end wall 27, ending in a stop head 28A.
  • the trailing edge flaps 7 are held in the high pitch position by the adjustable spring 26 contained in the hub nut 23.
  • blade pressure When blade pressure is high the trailing edge flaps rotate against the action of the spring 26 to lower the propeller pitch, as shown in Fig. 9.
  • blade pressure reduces again the trailing edge flaps rotate to increase the propeller pitch.
  • the high pressure on the blades passively adjusts the angle of the trailing edge flaps and this reduces the effective propeller pitch.
  • the lower pitch allows the engine speed to increase and therefore to produce more power which in turn increases the acceleration of the vessel.
  • the shaft speed and vessel speed is high, the torque and the blade pressure is less and this adjusts the flaps to increase the propeller pitch.
  • the pitch can be controlled from ahead or from astern by a cable, rod or hydraulic fluid passing through the propeller drive shaft.
  • the propeller pitch can also be controlled remotely by a rod 30 inserted co-axially through the propeller drive shaft.
  • the rod is secured to a pitch control head 20B which in this embodiment comprises a grooved collar formed by a spacer 31 clamped between end plates 32 and 33.
  • the pitch control pins 19 are located in the peripheral groove 34 formed between the end plates 32 and 33 so that as the pitch control head is moved axially by the push rod 30 the angle of the pitch control flaps 7 changes between the two positions shown in Fig. 9.
  • the effective propeller shape remains the same as an optimised and efficient fixed pitched propeller but with the provision of fine pitch adjustment.
  • the hub assembly can be reduced in size compared to a conventional controllable pitch propeller so that the propeller has less hydrodynamic drag and can be more efficient which will improve performance and save fuel. Whilst the above description places emphasis on the areas which are believed to be new and addresses specific problems which have been identified, it is intended that the features disclosed herein may be used in any combination which is capable of providing a new and useful advance in the art.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'hélice comprend un moyeu (22, 23) porté de manière rotative sur un arbre d'entraînement (2) avec des pales (3) faisant saillie radialement à partir du moyeu. Chacune des pales comprend une partie à pas fixe qui est fixe par rapport au moyeu et un volet à changement de pas (7) qui peut pivoter autour d'un axe de changement de pas s'étendant le long d'un bord de fuite de chaque pale. Au niveau de la base de chaque pale, le volet comprend un axe de pivot (16) qui est inséré dans le moyeu où la broche porte un bras de changement de pas. Les bras portent des broches de changement de pas (19) qui sont insérées dans une tête de commande (20) axialement mobile. La tête de commande peut agir contre un ressort de compression réglable (26) pour garantir une commande de pas automatique à auto-adaptation. La tête de commande peut également être actionnée à distance par un câble, une tige ou un fluide hydraulique traversant l'arbre d'entraînement de l'hélice.
PCT/GB2017/051464 2016-05-27 2017-05-24 Hélice à pas réglable Ceased WO2017203253A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1609370.0A GB2550889A (en) 2016-05-27 2016-05-27 Adjustable pitch propeller
GB1609370.0 2016-05-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017203253A1 true WO2017203253A1 (fr) 2017-11-30

Family

ID=56410653

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2017/051464 Ceased WO2017203253A1 (fr) 2016-05-27 2017-05-24 Hélice à pas réglable

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2550889A (fr)
WO (1) WO2017203253A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109278985B (zh) * 2018-11-20 2023-09-29 西安君晖航空科技有限公司 一种变桨距装置及其安装方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE373893C (de) * 1923-04-19 Anton Flettner Drehfluegel fuer Schrauben
GB550484A (en) * 1941-07-01 1943-01-11 Stone J & Co Ltd Improvements in and connected with variable pitch propellers
GB1586042A (en) * 1977-06-24 1981-03-18 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Aerodynamic propelling-gear with engaging rotors

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE629694A (fr) * 1962-04-20
FR2892384B1 (fr) * 2005-10-26 2007-12-07 Eurocopter France Pale de giravion munie d'un volet orientable a l'aide d'au moins une rotule principale dont le premier arbre est solidaire dudit volet.
US8672627B2 (en) * 2006-12-14 2014-03-18 Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation On-blade actuator for helicopter rotor blade control flaps
US8186936B2 (en) * 2009-06-08 2012-05-29 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Actuation of movable parts of a wind turbine rotor blade

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE373893C (de) * 1923-04-19 Anton Flettner Drehfluegel fuer Schrauben
GB550484A (en) * 1941-07-01 1943-01-11 Stone J & Co Ltd Improvements in and connected with variable pitch propellers
GB1586042A (en) * 1977-06-24 1981-03-18 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Aerodynamic propelling-gear with engaging rotors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201609370D0 (en) 2016-07-13
GB2550889A (en) 2017-12-06

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