WO2018010541A1 - 一种超声手术刀波导杆 - Google Patents

一种超声手术刀波导杆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018010541A1
WO2018010541A1 PCT/CN2017/090329 CN2017090329W WO2018010541A1 WO 2018010541 A1 WO2018010541 A1 WO 2018010541A1 CN 2017090329 W CN2017090329 W CN 2017090329W WO 2018010541 A1 WO2018010541 A1 WO 2018010541A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gain
waveguide rod
longitudinal vibration
ultrasonic scalpel
less
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/090329
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李枝东
刘瑞轩
张宇
聂红林
石秀凤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SHANGHAI YISI MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Yisi Suzhou Medical Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
SHANGHAI YISI MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Yisi Suzhou Medical Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by SHANGHAI YISI MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd, Yisi Suzhou Medical Technology Co Ltd filed Critical SHANGHAI YISI MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority to EP17826878.5A priority Critical patent/EP3482702A4/en
Priority to JP2019500827A priority patent/JP6746859B2/ja
Priority to US16/316,798 priority patent/US11141183B2/en
Priority to BR112019000526-9A priority patent/BR112019000526A2/pt
Priority to RU2019103593A priority patent/RU2725087C1/ru
Publication of WO2018010541A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018010541A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/3209—Incision instruments
    • A61B17/3211—Surgical scalpels, knives; Accessories therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B17/22004—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves
    • A61B17/22012—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves in direct contact with, or very close to, the obstruction or concrement
    • A61B2017/22014—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves in direct contact with, or very close to, the obstruction or concrement the ultrasound transducer being outside patient's body; with an ultrasound transmission member; with a wave guide; with a vibrated guide wire
    • A61B2017/22015—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves in direct contact with, or very close to, the obstruction or concrement the ultrasound transducer being outside patient's body; with an ultrasound transmission member; with a wave guide; with a vibrated guide wire with details of the transmission member
    • A61B2017/22018—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves in direct contact with, or very close to, the obstruction or concrement the ultrasound transducer being outside patient's body; with an ultrasound transmission member; with a wave guide; with a vibrated guide wire with details of the transmission member segmented along its length
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/320072—Working tips with special features, e.g. extending parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/320082—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic for incising tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/320089—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic node location

Definitions

  • the present application relates to an ultrasonic surgical instrument, and in particular to an ultrasonic scalpel having a waveguide rod.
  • ultrasonic scalpel has more and more extensively replaced traditional minimally invasive surgical instruments such as high-frequency electric knives and mechanical clamps because of its advantages of neat tidying, fast hemostasis, small heat damage area and less smoke generation.
  • the ultrasonic scalpel uses the ultrasonic frequency generator to mechanically oscillate the cutter head at a certain ultrasonic frequency, so that the water molecules in the tissue are vaporized, the protein hydrogen bonds are broken, and the cells are disintegrated, so that the tissue is cut or solidified, and the blood vessels are closed. Proof of research (see “Working Principles and Clinical Applications of Ultrasonic Scalpels", Lin Guoqing, Qu Zhe.. "Medical and Health Equipment”.
  • Ultrasonic scalpels generally consist of a host, a transducer, a waveguide rod, a cutter head, an attachment mechanism that supports the above components, and other accessories.
  • the main unit generates a high-frequency current; the transducer converts the high-frequency current into ultrasonic vibration; and transmits the ultrasonic energy to the cutter head through the waveguide rod; the cutter head is in contact with the human body to generate mechanical cutting and blood coagulation.
  • the transducer is threaded with the waveguide rod, and the waveguide rod and the cutter head can be threaded, welded or directly formed into one piece.
  • the transducer, waveguide rod and tip resonate at a resonant frequency during normal operation.
  • the waveguide rod transmits ultrasonic vibration from the transducer to the cutter head.
  • the vibration needs to be amplified to obtain sufficient amplitude of the cutter head, and on the other hand, the waveguide rod It also plays a key role in maintaining a stable and appropriate vibration frequency of the cutter head. Therefore, the design of the waveguide rod requires both vibration frequency and amplitude gain.
  • the search for a waveguide rod structure having a stable and suitable vibration frequency and a large amplitude gain has been the direction of those skilled in the art.
  • An ultrasonic scalpel having a gain step is disclosed in the patent CN200480036431.8, which obtains a large cutter head amplitude by setting a distance between a gain step and a vibration node on the waveguide rod; disclosed in the patent CN201410068159.7
  • the structures disclosed in the above patents are only for one aspect of the waveguide rod amplitude and frequency, and the amplitude and frequency are not considered together.
  • the present application provides a novel ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod structure, so that the ultrasonic scalpel not only has a large cutter head amplitude, but also works under a stable and appropriate vibration frequency, thereby Ultrasonic knives enable efficient cutting of human tissue.
  • An ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod consisting of a proximal gain structure, a distal gain structure, an intermediate structure, and a frequency adjustment structure on the intermediate structure.
  • the proximal gain structure and the intermediate structure are connected by a proximal gain step at a position near the longitudinal vibrational antinode of the waveguide rod.
  • the gain of the proximal gain step is greater than or less than a unity gain.
  • the distance between the proximal gain step and the antinode is less than 5% of the half-wavelength of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod.
  • the proximal gain step is located at the antinode.
  • the distal gain structure and the intermediate structure are connected by a distal gain step at a position near the longitudinal vibrational antinode of the waveguide rod.
  • the gain of the distal gain step is greater than or less than a unit gain, and the distance between the distal gain step and the antinode is less than 5% of the half-wavelength of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod.
  • the distance of the distal gain step is at the antinode. .
  • the gain of the near-end gain step is greater than a unit gain
  • the near-end gain step is close to a position of a node of a longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, and each wave
  • the position near the node has only 0 or 1 nearest-end gain step
  • the distance between the proximal gain step and the node is less than 5% of the half-wavelength of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide.
  • the proximal gain step is located at the node.
  • the gain of the far-end gain step is greater than a unit gain, and the far-end gain step is close to the position of the node of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, and each wave
  • the position near the node is only 0 or 1 most distal gain step, and the distance between the far-end gain step and the node is less than 5% of the half-wavelength of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide.
  • the far-end gain step is located at the node. .
  • the intermediate structure is connected by N (N>0, and N is an integer) gain holding structures at a position close to the longitudinal vibration antinode of the waveguide rod by an intermediate gain step, and the distance between the intermediate gain step and the antinode is smaller than the longitudinal direction of the waveguide rod Vibrating 5% of the half wavelength, preferably, the intermediate gain step is at the position of the antinode.
  • the frequency adjustment structure is disposed on a gain holding structure of the intermediate structure, the number of the frequency adjustment structures is X (X>0, and X is an integer), and each frequency adjustment structure is formed on the gain holding structure Two frequency gain steps before and after.
  • a preferred implementation of the near-end gain structure and the far-end gain structure is: 1) the near-end gain structure is located in the first half-wavelength range of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, and the near-end gain step is close to the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod The position of the first node; 2) the proximal gain structure is located in the first two half wavelength range of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, and the proximal gain step is close to the first or second node of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod 3) the distal gain structure is located in the first half wavelength range of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, and the distal gain step is close to the position of the first wave node of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod; 4) the far The end gain structure is located in the latter two half wavelength range of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, and the distal gain step is adjacent to the waveguide rod longitudinal The position of the first or second to last wave node to the bottom of the vibration.
  • other implementations of the near-end gain structure is: 1) the
  • the frequency adjustment structure has two implementation forms: 1) two frequency modulation gain steps before and after the frequency adjustment structure, wherein the gain of the front FM gain step Less than unity gain, the gain of the post-modulation gain step is greater than the unity gain; 2) the two frequency-adjusted gains of the frequency adjustment structure The step, wherein the gain of the front FM gain step is greater than the unit gain, and the gain of the post-FM gain step is less than the unity gain.
  • the present invention is a combination of different implementations of the proximal gain structure, the distal gain structure, the intermediate structure, and the frequency adjustment structure described above.
  • Each of the gain steps described above is selected from the group consisting of a step type, a cone type, an index type, or a catenary type.
  • the ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod of the present invention is composed of a proximal gain structure, a distal gain structure, an intermediate structure, and a frequency adjustment structure.
  • the near-end gain structure has a near-end gain step with a gain greater than unity gain at a node near the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide; and those skilled in the art know that the gain step near the node can significantly affect the amplitude gain, A gain step greater than unity gain can effectively amplify the amplitude, and a gain step smaller than unity gain can effectively reduce the amplitude; therefore, the near-end gain structure can provide a larger initial amplitude gain for the waveguide rod.
  • the gain holding structure on the intermediate structure is connected by an intermediate gain step at an antinode near the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod; it is known to those skilled in the art that the gain step near the antinode is less affected by the amplitude gain; therefore, the intermediate structure can It is ensured that the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave does not substantially attenuate and amplify during the propagation of the intermediate structure of the waveguide rod, and the attenuation of the near-end gain structure can be maintained without attenuation, and the loss in the energy transfer process can be reduced without amplification. .
  • the far-end gain structure is similar to the near-end gain structure in that there is a far-end gain step with a gain greater than unity gain at the node near the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, which provides a larger secondary amplitude gain for the waveguide rod.
  • the waveguide rod provides a large initial amplitude gain through the near-end gain structure, the amplitude gain is substantially not attenuated and amplified by the intermediate structure, and the second gain gain is provided by the far-end gain structure, thereby finally being able to be a knife.
  • the vibration of the head provides a large amplitude.
  • the frequency adjustment structure is arranged near the nodes of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, and two frequency-adjusting gain steps are formed before and after the node, wherein one of the frequency-modulated gain step gains is greater than a unit.
  • the gain, a gain is less than the unity gain, such a structure has only a small effect on the amplitude gain, but can effectively adjust the vibration frequency of the waveguide rod, so that the frequency of the vibration of the waveguide rod is stabilized in an appropriate range. Therefore, the waveguide rod composed of the near-end gain structure, the far-end gain structure, the intermediate structure and the frequency adjustment structure can make the ultrasonic blade not only provide a large amplitude during operation, but also work stably in a proper work. Under the frequency, it can achieve efficient cutting of human tissues.
  • FIG. 1 is a waveform diagram of an ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod according to a first embodiment of the present application and generated along the waveguide rod.
  • FIG. 2 is an ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod of the second embodiment of the present application and a waveform generated along the waveguide rod.
  • FIG 3 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod and a waveform generated along the waveguide rod according to a third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of an ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod according to a fourth embodiment of the present application and generated along the waveguide rod.
  • FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of an ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod according to a fifth embodiment of the present application and generated along the waveguide rod.
  • the ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod is composed of a proximal gain structure 1, a distal gain structure 2, an intermediate structure 3, and frequency adjustment structures 41, 42, 43.
  • the curve 50 below the waveguide rod in Fig. 1 is the longitudinal vibration amplitude curve of the waveguide rod, the horizontal axis is the normalized length, and the vertical axis is the normalized amplitude.
  • 501 to 509 are the nodes of the longitudinal vibration, wherein the node 501 is the first node, the node 509 is the inverse first node, and 510 to 519 are the antinode positions of the longitudinal vibration, wherein the antinode 510 For the first antinode, the antinode 519 is the penultimate antinode.
  • the proximal gain structure 1 is connected to the intermediate structure 3 by a proximal gain step 13, which is located near the second antinode 511 of longitudinal vibration, and the gain of the proximal gain step 13 is greater than the unity gain.
  • the distal gain structure 2 is connected to the intermediate structure 3 by a distal gain step 23 which is positioned close to the penultimate antinode 518 of the longitudinal vibration and the gain of the distal gain step 23 is less than the unity gain.
  • the proximal gain structure 1 has a proximal gain step 11 at a position near the first node 501 that vibrates longitudinally of the waveguide rod.
  • the gain of the near-end gain step 11 is greater than the unity gain, that is, the step is enlarged.
  • the distal gain structure 2 has a farthest gain step 21 at the position of the inverse first node 509 near the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide.
  • the gain of the farthest gain step 21 is greater than the unity gain, that is, the step is enlarged.
  • the near-end gain structure 1 and the far-end gain structure 2 have their gain steps (i.e., the nearest-end gain step 11 and the far-end gain step 21) disposed near the node to effectively increase the amplitude gain.
  • the final amplitude gain of the entire waveguide rod is also primarily determined by the gain of the near-end gain structure 1 and the far-end gain structure 2.
  • the nearest-end gain step 11 causes the amplitude gain between the second antinode 511 and the first antinode 510 to be about 1.9
  • the far-end gain step 21 makes the inverse first antinode 519 and the penultimate second.
  • the amplitude gain between the antinodes 518 is about 3, so that the final amplitude gain of the waveguide rod can reach 5.7, thereby enabling the ultrasonic cutter head to generate a large amplitude.
  • the intermediate structure 3 of the waveguide rod is composed of N (N > 0, and N is an integer) gain holding structures, and is composed of three gain holding structures 31, 32 and 33 in the embodiment described in Fig. 1.
  • the first gain holding structure 31 and the second gain holding structure 32 are connected by an intermediate gain step 312.
  • the intermediate gain step 312 is positioned close to the fourth antinode 513 of the longitudinal vibration, and the gain of the intermediate gain step 312 is greater than the unity gain.
  • the second gain holding structure 32 and the third gain holding structure 33 are connected by an intermediate gain step 323.
  • the intermediate gain step 323 is located close to the third to third antinode 517 of the longitudinal vibration, and the gain of the intermediate gain step 323 is less than the unity gain.
  • the gain-holding structures 31, 32 and 33 which are connected by gain steps at the antinodes near the longitudinal vibration, are capable of ensuring that the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration does not substantially decay during propagation over the intermediate structure of the waveguide rod. And amplification, which facilitates the more stable transfer of energy to the cutter head.
  • the second gain holding structure 32 is further provided with frequency adjusting structures 41, 42, 43 each of which is adjusted.
  • frequency adjusting structures 41, 42, 43 each of which is adjusted.
  • the frequency of vibration of the waveguide rod can be adjusted without substantially The amplitude of the final output of the waveguide rod has an effect. Adjusting the frequency structure 41, 42, 43 as described above maintains the resonant frequency of the waveguide rod within a desired range, thereby enabling the ultrasonic blade to operate stably at a suitable frequency under.
  • the amplitude gain is provided by the proximal gain structure 1 and the distal gain structure 2 to provide a larger amplitude for the vibration of the ultrasonic tip; the gain on the intermediate structure 3
  • the holding structures 31, 32 and 33 can ensure that the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration is substantially not attenuated and amplified during the propagation of the ultrasonic vibration on the intermediate structure of the waveguide rod; the frequency adjusting structures 41, 42, 43 stabilize the frequency of the vibration of the waveguide rod in an appropriate range .
  • the ultrasonic blade can not only provide a large amplitude during operation, but also can stably work under a suitable frequency, thereby enabling efficient cutting of human tissue.
  • the proximal gain structure is within the first half wavelength range of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, and the nearest gain step is close to the node of the first longitudinal vibration; the distal gain structure is in the first half wavelength range of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod The innermost, and farthest gain step is near the node of the first longitudinal vibration.
  • the proximal gain structure is connected to the intermediate structure at a position near the second antinode of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod.
  • the gain of the proximal gain step is greater than the unit gain; the distal gain structure and the intermediate structure are in the penultimate of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod. The positions of the antinodes are connected, and the gain of the far gain step is less than the unity gain.
  • the intermediate structure of this embodiment consists of only one gain holding structure. There is a frequency adjustment structure on the gain holding structure. The gain of the front FM gain step of the frequency adjustment structure is less than the unit gain, and the gain of the post-modulation gain step is greater than the unit gain.
  • FIG. 3 is an ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod according to a third embodiment of the present application and waveforms generated along the waveguide rod.
  • This embodiment consists of a near-end gain structure 1, a far-end gain structure 2, an intermediate structure 3, and a frequency adjustment structure 4.
  • the proximal gain structure is within the first half wavelength range of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, and the nearest gain step is close to the node of the first longitudinal vibration; the distal gain structure is in the first half wavelength range of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod The innermost, and farthest gain step is near the node of the first longitudinal vibration.
  • the proximal gain structure is connected to the intermediate structure at a position near the second antinode of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod.
  • the gain of the proximal gain step is greater than the unit gain; the distal gain structure and the intermediate structure are in the penultimate of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod. The positions of the antinodes are connected, and the gain of the far gain step is less than the unity gain.
  • the embodiment of The intermediate structure consists of three gain-holding structures 31, 32, and 33, and the gain of the first intermediate gain step is less than the unity gain, and the gain of the second intermediate gain step is greater than the unity gain.
  • the gain of the front FM gain step of the frequency adjustment structure is greater than the unit gain, and the gain of the post-modulation gain step is less than the unit gain.
  • the 4 is an ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod according to a fourth embodiment of the present application and a waveform generated along the waveguide rod.
  • This embodiment consists of a near-end gain structure 1, a far-end gain structure 2, an intermediate structure 3, and a frequency adjustment structure 4.
  • the proximal gain structure is within the first half wavelength range of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, and the nearest gain step is close to the node of the first longitudinal vibration; the distal gain structure is in the first half wavelength range of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod The innermost, and farthest gain step is near the node of the first longitudinal vibration.
  • the proximal gain structure is connected to the intermediate structure at a position near the second antinode of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod.
  • the gain of the proximal gain step is greater than the unit gain; the distal gain structure and the intermediate structure are in the penultimate of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod. The positions of the antinodes are connected, and the gain of the far gain step is greater than the unity gain.
  • the intermediate structure of this embodiment is composed of four gain holding structures of 31, 32, 33, and 34, and the gain sequence of the intermediate gain step is alternately arranged by less than unity gain and greater than unity gain.
  • the gain of the front FM gain step of the frequency adjustment structure is greater than the unit gain, and the gain of the post-modulation gain step is less than the unit gain.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic scalpel waveguide rod of the fifth embodiment of the present application and a waveform generated along the waveguide rod.
  • This embodiment consists of a near-end gain structure 1, a far-end gain structure 2, an intermediate structure 3, and a frequency adjustment structure 4.
  • the proximal gain structure is within the first two half wavelength ranges of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, and the nearest gain step is close to the first and second longitudinal vibration nodes respectively;
  • the far end gain structure is the penultimate of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod Within one and a half wavelength range, and the farthest gain step is close to the node of the first longitudinal vibration of the last.
  • the proximal gain structure is connected to the intermediate structure at a position adjacent to the third antinode of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod, the gain of the proximal gain step is greater than the unity gain; and the distal gain structure and the intermediate structure are in the penultimate of the longitudinal vibration of the waveguide rod The positions of the antinodes are connected, and the gain of the far gain step is less than the unity gain.
  • the intermediate structure of this embodiment consists of only one gain holding structure, and there is a frequency adjustment on the gain holding structure Structure, the gain of the front FM gain step of the frequency adjustment structure is less than the unity gain, and the gain of the post-modulation gain step is greater than the unity gain.
  • the gain steps in the examples of the present application are all stepped, but the present application does not limit the type of the gain step.
  • the commonly used gain step types such as a cone type, an index type, and a catenary type are all in the protection scope of the present application. within.
  • the embodiments in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 are only representative embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can easily understand that the scope of protection of the present application is not limited only to the scope defined by the embodiments. Combinations, modifications, and variations of the various embodiments are within the scope of the present application.

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Abstract

一种超声刀波导杆，由近端增益结构（1）、远端增益结构（2）、中间结构（3）及频率调整结构（4、41、42、43）组成，其中近端增益结构（1）与中间结构（3）在靠近波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置通过近侧增益台阶（13）相连,远端增益结构（2）与中间结构（3）在靠近波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置通过远侧增益台阶（23）相连，中间结构（3）由N（N>0，且N为整数）个增益保持结构（31、32、33、34）在靠近波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置通过中间增益台阶（312、323）相连，且在增益保持结构（31、32、33、34）上存在X（X>0，且X为整数）个频率调整结构（4）。该波导杆使得超声手术刀不仅具有较大的刀头振幅，还能工作在稳定合适的振动频率之下，从而能对人体组织进行高效的切割。

Description

一种超声手术刀波导杆 技术领域
本申请涉及一种超声手术器械，具体地涉及一种具有波导杆的超声手术刀。
背景技术
目前在临床上，超声手术刀由于具有切口整齐、止血快、热损伤区域小、产生烟雾少等优点，已越来越广泛地取代高频电刀、机械夹钳等传统微创手术器械。超声手术刀通过超声频率发生器使刀头以一定的超声频率进行机械振荡，使组织内的水分子汽化、蛋白质氢键断裂、细胞崩解，达到组织被切开或者凝固、血管闭合的目的。有关研究证明(参见“超声手术刀工作原理及临床应用”，林国庆，曲哲..《医疗卫生装备》.2008年，以及“超声手术刀的优化设计”，周红生、许小芳等..《声学技术》.2012年2月)：将质点加速度为5x104g(g为重力加速度)的机械振动作用于活体生物组织时，被作用部位可被迅速切开而不伤及周围组织。超声刀刀头的振幅、频率和加速度的关系为：a＝A(2πf)2，其中，a为加速度，A为振幅，f为振动频率。因此，超声刀刀头的振动频率和振幅反映其切割能力。
超声手术刀一般由主机、换能器、波导杆、刀头、连接支撑上述部件的附属机构及其它附件组成。其中，主机产生高频电流；换能器将高频电流转换成超声振动；再通过波导杆将超声波能量传递给刀头；刀头与人体组织接触摩擦从而产生机械切割及血液凝固作用。通常，换能器跟波导杆之间采用螺纹连接，波导杆和刀头可以用螺纹连接、焊接或者直接做成一个整体。换能器、波导杆和刀头在正常工作时按谐振频率发生共振。波导杆将超声振动从换能器传递给刀头的过程中，一方面需要将振动放大以使刀头获得足够的振幅，另一方面波导杆 对刀头保持稳定合适的振动频率也起着关键性的作用。所以，波导杆的设计需要兼顾振动频率和振幅增益。寻求具有稳定合适的振动频率及较大的振幅增益的波导杆结构一直是本领域技术人员努力的方向。
在专利CN200480036431.8中公开了一种具有增益台阶的超声手术刀，通过设定波导杆上增益台阶与振动波节之间的距离来获得较大的刀头振幅；在专利CN201410068159.7中公开了一种具有周期重复结构波导杆的超声手术刀，该重复结构能使超声手术刀工作在稳定的频率之下。然而上述专利中公开的结构都只针对波导杆振幅和频率中的一个方面，没有将振幅和频率进行综合起来考虑。
申请内容
针对现有技术中的上述不足，本申请提供一种新型的超声手术刀波导杆结构，使得超声手术刀不仅具有较大的刀头振幅，还能工作在稳定合适的振动频率之下，从而使超声刀能对人体组织进行高效的切割。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种超声手术刀波导杆，所述波导杆由近端增益结构、远端增益结构、中间结构和中间结构上的频率调整结构组成。
所述近端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置通过近侧增益台阶相连。
所述近侧增益台阶的增益大于或小于单位增益。所述近侧增益台阶与波腹的距离小于波导杆纵向振动半波长的5％，优选的，所述近侧增益台阶位于波腹的位置。
所述远端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置通过远侧增益台阶相连。所述远侧增益台阶的增益大于或小于单位增益，所述远侧增益台阶与波腹的距离小于波导杆纵向振动半波长的5％，优选的，所述远侧增益台阶位于波腹的位置。
所述近端增益结构上存在一个或数个近端增益台阶，所述近端增益台阶的增益大于单位增益，所述近端增益台阶靠近波导杆纵向振动的波节的位置，且每一个波节附近的位置只有0个或1个最近端增益台阶，近端增益台阶与波节的距离小于波导杆纵向振动半波长的5％，优选的，所述近端增益台阶位于波节的位置。
所述远端增益结构上存在一个或数个远端增益台阶，所述远端增益台阶的增益大于单位增益，所述远端增益台阶靠近波导杆纵向振动的波节的位置，且每一个波节附近的位置只有0个或1个最远端增益台阶，远端增益台阶与波节的距离小于波导杆纵向振动半波长的5％，优选的，所述远端增益台阶位于波节的位置。
所述中间结构由N(N>0，且N为整数)个增益保持结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置通过中间增益台阶相连，所述中间增益台阶与波腹的距离小于波导杆纵向振动半波长的5％，优选的，所述中间增益台阶位于波腹的位置。
所述频率调整结构设置在所述中间结构的增益保持结构上，所述频率调整结构的数量为X(X>0，且X为整数)个，且每个频率调整结构在增益保持结构上形成前后两个调频增益台阶。
所述前后两个调频增益台阶之间有且仅有一个波导杆纵向振动的波节，并且前后两个调频增益台阶之间的距离小于与波节相邻的两个纵向振动波腹之间的距离，所述前后两个调频增益台阶的增益其中一个大于单位增益而另一个小于单位增益。
根据本申请,近端增益结构和远端增益结构优选的实现方案为：1)所述近端增益结构位于波导杆纵向振动的第一个半波长范围内，近端增益台阶靠近波导杆纵向振动的第一个波节的位置；2)所述近端增益结构位于波导杆纵向振动的前二个半波长范围内，近端增益台阶靠近波导杆纵向振动的第一个或第二个波节的位置；3)所述远端增益结构位于波导杆纵向振动的倒数第一个半波长范围内，远端增益台阶靠近波导杆纵向振动的倒数第一个波节的位置；4)所述远端增益结构位于波导杆纵向振动的后二个半波长范围内，远端增益台阶靠近波导杆纵 向振动的倒数第一个或倒数第二个波节的位置。除此之外，其它符合本申请要求的近端增益结构和远端增益结构的实现方案也在本发明的保护之列。
进一步地，中间结构由N(N>0，且N为整数)个增益保持结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置通过中间增益台阶相连，其优选的实现形式也有多种：1)所述中间结构上的增益保持结构的数目N＝1；2)所述中间结构上的增益保持结构的数目N>1，且N为奇数，连接各增益保持结构的中间增益台阶，其增益序列为：从第1到第(N-1)/2个中间增益台阶的增益大于单位增益，从第(N-1)/2+1到第(N-1)个中间增益台阶的增益小于单位增益；3)所述中间结构上的增益保持结构的数目N>1，且N为奇数，连接各增益保持结构的中间增益台阶，其增益序列为：从第1到第(N-1)/2个中间增益台阶的增益小于单位增益，从第(N-1)/2+1到第(N-1)个中间增益台阶的增益大于单位增益；4)所述中间结构上的增益保持结构的数目N>1，且N为奇数，连接各增益保持结构的中间增益台阶，其增益序列由大于单位增益和小于单位增益依次交替排列构成；5)所述中间结构上的增益保持结构的数目N>1，且N为奇数，连接各增益保持结构的中间增益台阶，其增益序列由小于单位增益和大于单位增益依次交替排列构成；6)所述增益保持结构的数目N＝2，连接2个增益保持结构的中间增益台阶的增益大于单位增益；7)所述增益保持结构的数目N＝2，连接2个增益保持结构的中间增益台阶的增益小于单位增益；8)所述增益保持结构的数目N>2，且N为偶数，连接各增益保持结构的中间增益台阶，其增益序列由大于单位增益和小于单位增益依次交替排列构成；9)所述增益保持结构的数目N>2，且N为偶数，连接各增益保持结构的中间增益台阶，其增益序列由小于单位增益和大于单位增益依次交替排列构成。除此之外，其它符合本申请要求的中间结构的实现方案也在本发明的保护之列。
进一步地，在某些增益保持结构上存在一个或数个频率调整结构，频率调整结构有两种实现形式：1)所述频率调整结构的前后两个调频增益台阶，其中前调频增益台阶的增益小于单位增益，后调频增益台阶的增益大于单位增益；2)所述频率调整结构的前后两个调频增益 台阶，其中前调频增益台阶的增益大于单位增益，后调频增益台阶的增益小于单位增益。
在一个超声刀波导杆的具体的实施方式中，本发明由上述近端增益结构、远端增益结构、中间结构及频率调整结构的不同实现方式组合而成。
上文所述的各增益台阶选自阶梯型、锥型、指数型或悬链型。
从本发明的一个或多个实现形式可以获得若干好处。本发明的超声手术刀波导杆由近端增益结构、远端增益结构、中间结构及频率调整结构组成。其中，近端增益结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动的波节处有增益大于单位增益的近端增益台阶；而本领域技术人员已知，在靠近波节处的增益台阶能显著的影响振幅增益，大于单位增益的增益台阶能有效放大振幅，小于单位增益的增益台阶能有效减小振幅；因此，近端增益结构能为波导杆提供较大的初次振幅增益。中间结构上的增益保持结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动的波腹处通过中间增益台阶相连接；本领域技术人员已知，在靠近波腹处的增益台阶对振幅增益影响较小；因此中间结构可以保证超声波在波导杆的中间结构上传播的过程中振幅基本上不发生衰减和放大，不发生衰减可以保持近端增益结构放大振幅的有效性，不发生放大则能减小能量传递过程中的损耗。远端增益结构与近端增益结构类似，在靠近波导杆纵向振动的波节处有增益大于单位增益的远端增益台阶，能为波导杆提供较大的二次振幅增益。如此，波导杆通过近端增益结构提供较大的初次振幅增益，通过中间结构保持振幅增益基本不发生衰减和放大，再通过远端增益结构提供较大的二次振幅增益，从而最终能为刀头的振动提供较大的振幅。在中间结构的某些增益保持结构上存在频率调整结构，频率调整结构设置在波导杆纵向振动的波节附近，并在波节前后形成两个调频增益台阶，其中一个调频增益台阶增益大于单位增益，一个增益小于单位增益，这样的结构形式对振幅增益仅产生较小的影响，却可以有效调整波导杆的振动频率，使波导杆振动的频率稳定在合适的范围。由此，由近端增益结构、远端增益结构、中间结构及频率调整结构组合而成的波导杆能使得超声刀在工作时不仅能提供较大的振幅，还能稳定的工作在合适的工作频率之下，从而能对人体组织实现高效的切割。
附图说明
图1为本申请第一个实施方式的超声手术刀波导杆及沿着该波导杆生成的波形。
图2为本申请第二个实施方式的超声手术刀波导杆及沿着该波导杆生成的波形。
图3为本申请第三个实施方式的超声手术刀波导杆及沿着该波导杆生成的波形。
图4为本申请第四个实施方式的超声手术刀波导杆及沿着该波导杆生成的波形。
图5为本申请第五个实施方式的超声手术刀波导杆及沿着该波导杆生成的波形。
具体实施方式
参见附图1，其示出为本申请第一个实施方式的超声手术刀波导杆及沿着该波导杆生成的波形。该超声手术刀波导杆由近端增益结构1、远端增益结构2、中间结构3及频率调整结构41、42、43构成。附图1中波导杆下方的曲线50为该波导杆的纵向振动振幅曲线，横轴为归一化长度，纵轴为归一化振幅。在曲线50中，501至509为纵向振动的波节，其中波节501为第一波节，波节509为倒数第一波节，510至519为纵向振动的波腹位置，其中波腹510为第一波腹，波腹519为倒数第一波腹。近端增益结构1与中间结构3通过近侧增益台阶13相连，该近侧增益台阶13的位置靠近纵向振动的第二波腹511，且近侧增益台阶13的增益大于单位增益。远端增益结构2与中间结构3通过远侧增益台阶23相连，该远侧增益台阶23的位置靠近纵向振动的倒数第二波腹518，且远侧增益台阶23的增益小于单位增益。
近端增益结构1在靠近波导杆纵向振动的第一波节501的位置有一个最近端增益台阶11。该最近端增益台阶11的增益大于单位增益，即为放大台阶。远端增益结构2在靠近波导杆纵向振动的倒数第一波节509的位置有一个最远端增益台阶21。该最远端增益台阶21的增益大于单位增益，即为放大台阶。近端增益结构1和远端增益结构2将它们的增益台阶(即最近端增益台阶11和最远端增益台阶21)设置在靠近波节的位置能有效提高振幅增益。 整个波导杆最终的振幅增益也主要由近端增益结构1和远端增益结构2的增益决定。如附图1所示，最近端增益台阶11使得第二波腹511与第一波腹510之间的振幅增益约为1.9，最远端增益台阶21使得倒数第一波腹519与倒数第二波腹518之间的振幅增益约为3，从而波导杆最终振幅增益可达5.7，由此便使得超声刀刀头能产生较大的振幅。
波导杆的中间结构3由N(N>0，且N为整数)个增益保持结构组成，在附图1所述的实施方式中是由三个增益保持结构31、32和33组成的。第一增益保持结构31和第二增益保持结构32由中间增益台阶312相连。该中间增益台阶312的位置靠近纵向振动的第四波腹513，并且该中间增益台阶312的增益大于单位增益。第二增益保持结构32和第三增益保持结构33由中间增益台阶323相连。该中间增益台阶323的位置靠近纵向振动的倒数第三波腹517，并且该中间增益台阶323的增益小于单位增益。本申请人发现，增益保持结构31、32和33这种在靠近纵向振动的波腹处由增益台阶相连的结构能够保证超声振动在波导杆的中间结构上传播的过程中振幅基本上不发生衰减和放大，从而有利于能量更稳定的传递到刀头。
在中间结构3的某些增益保持结构上，在附图1所示的实施方式中，为第二增益保持结构32上，还布置有频率调整结构41、42、43，每个频率调整结构均具有前后两个调频增益台阶。参见附图1，以频率调整结构43为例，它在增益保持结构32上形成前后两个调频增益台阶431和432，其中前调频增益台阶431的增益小于单位增益，后调频增益台阶432的增益大于单位增益。且前后两个调频增益台阶431与432之间有且仅有一个波导杆纵向振动的波节506，前后两个调频增益台阶之间的距离小于与波节506相邻的两个纵向振动波腹515和516之间的距离。本申请人发现，通过增加或减少频率调整结构的数目、增加或减少频率调整结构前后增益台阶之间的距离或者增加或减少前后增益台阶的增益大小可以调整波导杆振动的频率而基本不会对波导杆最终输出的振幅产生影响。如上所述的调整频率结构41、42、43使得波导杆的谐振频率保持在所需的范围内，从而使得超声刀能稳定工作在合适的频率之 下。
按照本申请附图1所述的结构形式，由近端增益结构1和远端增益结构2提供较大的振幅增益，从而为超声刀头的振动提供较大的振幅；中间结构3上的增益保持结构31、32和33可以保证超声振动在波导杆的中间结构上传播的过程中振幅基本上不发生衰减和放大；频率调整结构41、42、43使得波导杆振动的频率稳定在合适的范围。由此，超声刀在工作时不仅能提供较大的振幅，还能稳定的工作在合适的频率之下，从而能实现对人体组织的高效切割。
附图2为本申请第二个实施方式的超声手术刀波导杆及沿着该波导杆生成的波形。该实施方式由近端增益结构1、远端增益结构2、中间结构3及频率调整结构4组成。其中近端增益结构在波导杆纵向振动的第一个半波长范围内，且最近端增益台阶靠近第一个纵向振动的节点；远端增益结构在波导杆纵向振动的倒数第一个半波长范围内，且最远端增益台阶靠近倒数第一个纵向振动的节点。近端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动的第二个波腹的位置相连，近侧增益台阶的增益大于单位增益；远端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动的倒数第二个波腹的位置相连，远侧增益台阶的增益小于单位增益。该实施方式的中间结构仅由一个增益保持结构组成，在该增益保持结构上存在一个频率调整结构，频率调整结构的前调频增益台阶的增益小于单位增益，后调频增益台阶的增益大于单位增益。
附图3为本申请第三个实施方式的超声手术刀波导杆及沿着该波导杆生成的波形。该实施方式由近端增益结构1、远端增益结构2、中间结构3及频率调整结构4组成。其中近端增益结构在波导杆纵向振动的第一个半波长范围内，且最近端增益台阶靠近第一个纵向振动的节点；远端增益结构在波导杆纵向振动的倒数第一个半波长范围内，且最远端增益台阶靠近倒数第一个纵向振动的节点。近端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动的第二个波腹的位置相连，近侧增益台阶的增益大于单位增益；远端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动的倒数第二个波腹的位置相连，远侧增益台阶的增益小于单位增益。该实施方式的 中间结构由31、32、33三个增益保持结构组成，且第一个中间增益台阶的增益小于单位增益，第二个中间增益台阶的增益大于单位增益。在最中间的增益保持结构32上存在一个频率调整结构4，该频率调整结构的前调频增益台阶的增益大于单位增益，后调频增益台阶的增益小于单位增益。
附图4为本申请第四个实施方式的超声手术刀波导杆及沿着该波导杆生成的波形。该实施方式由近端增益结构1、远端增益结构2、中间结构3及频率调整结构4组成。其中近端增益结构在波导杆纵向振动的第一个半波长范围内，且最近端增益台阶靠近第一个纵向振动的节点；远端增益结构在波导杆纵向振动的倒数第一个半波长范围内，且最远端增益台阶靠近倒数第一个纵向振动的节点。近端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动的第二个波腹的位置相连，近侧增益台阶的增益大于单位增益；远端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动的倒数第二个波腹的位置相连，远侧增益台阶的增益大于单位增益。该实施方式的中间结构由31、32、33、34四个增益保持结构组成，且中间增益台阶的增益序列由小于单位增益和大于单位增益交替排列构成。在第二个增益保持结构32上存在一个频率调整结构4，该频率调整结构的前调频增益台阶的增益大于单位增益，后调频增益台阶的增益小于单位增益。
附图5为本申请第五个实施方式的超声手术刀波导杆及沿着该波导杆生成的波形。该实施方式由近端增益结构1、远端增益结构2、中间结构3及频率调整结构4组成。其中近端增益结构在波导杆纵向振动的前二个半波长范围内，且最近端增益台阶分别靠近第一个和第二个纵向振动的节点；远端增益结构在波导杆纵向振动的倒数第一个半波长范围内，且最远端增益台阶靠近倒数第一个纵向振动的节点。近端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动的第三个波腹的位置相连，近侧增益台阶的增益大于单位增益；远端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动的倒数第二个波腹的位置相连，远侧增益台阶的增益小于单位增益。该实施方式的中间结构仅由一个增益保持结构组成，在该增益保持结构上存在一个频率调整 结构，频率调整结构的前调频增益台阶的增益小于单位增益，后调频增益台阶的增益大于单位增益。
需要说明的是，本申请示例中的增益台阶都为阶梯型，但本申请并不限定增益台阶的类型，常用的增益台阶类型比如锥型、指数型、悬链型都在本申请的保护范围之内。另外，附图1至附图5中的实施方案仅为本申请比较有代表性的几种实施例，本领域技术人员容易理解，本申请的保护范围不仅仅限定在各实施方式所限定的范围内，对各实施方式的组合、变形、变化均落在本申请的保护范围内。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种超声手术刀波导杆，其特征在于，所述波导杆包括近端增益结构、远端增益结构、中间结构及在中间结构上的频率调整结构，其中
    所述近端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置通过近侧增益台阶相连；
    所述远端增益结构与中间结构在靠近波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置通过远侧增益台阶相连；
    所述中间结构由N(N>0，且N为整数)个增益保持结构组成，当N>1时，各增益保持结构之间在靠近波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置通过中间增益台阶相连；
    所述频率调整结构设置在所述增益保持结构上，所述频率调整结构数量为X(X>0，且X为整数)个。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的波导杆，其特征在于：所述近侧增益台阶的增益大于或小于单位增益；所述近侧增益台阶与波腹的距离小于波导杆纵向振动半波长的5％。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的波导杆，所述近侧增益台阶位于波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的波导杆，其特征在于：所述远侧增益台阶的增益大于或小于单位增益；所述远侧增益台阶与波腹的距离小于波导杆纵向振动半波长的5％。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的超声手术刀波导杆，所述远侧增益台阶位于波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的超声手术刀波导杆，其中：所述近端增益结构位于波导杆纵向振动的第一个半波长范围内或者前二个半波长范围内。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的超声手术刀波导杆，其中：所述远端增益结构位于波导杆纵向振动的倒数第一个半波长范围内或者后二个半波长范围内。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的波导杆，其特征在于：所述近端增益结构上靠近波导杆纵向 振动的波节的位置存在一个或数个近端增益台阶，且每一个波节附近的位置只有0个或1个近端增益台阶；近端增益台阶与波节的距离小于波导杆纵向振动半波长的5％，所述近端增益台阶的增益大于单位增益。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的波导杆，所述近端增益台阶位于波导杆纵向振动波节的位置。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的波导杆，其特征在于：所述远端增益结构上靠近波导杆纵向振动的波节的位置存在一个或数个远端增益台阶，且每一个波节附近的位置只有0个或1个远端增益台阶，远端增益台阶与波节的距离小于波导杆纵向振动半波长的5％，所述远端增益台阶的增益大于单位增益。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的超声手术刀波导杆，所述远端增益台阶位于波导杆纵向振动波节的位置。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的超声手术刀波导杆，所述中间增益台阶与波导杆纵向振动波腹的距离小于波导杆纵向振动半波长的5％。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的超声手术刀波导杆，所述中间增益台阶位于波导杆纵向振动波腹的位置。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的超声手术刀波导杆，其中所述中间结构上的增益保持结构的数目N＝1。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的超声手术刀波导杆，其中所述中间结构上的增益保持结构的数目N>1，且N为奇数。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的超声手术刀波导杆，连接各增益保持结构的所述中间增益台阶，其增益序列为：从第1到第(N-1)/2个中间增益台阶的增益大于单位增益，从第(N-1)/2+1到第(N-1)个中间增益台阶的增益小于单位增益。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的超声手术刀波导杆，连接各增益保持结构的所述中间增益 台阶，其增益序列为：从第1到第(N-1)/2个中间增益台阶的增益小于单位增益，从第(N-1)/2+1到第(N-1)个中间增益台阶的增益大于单位增益。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的超声手术刀波导杆，连接各增益保持结构的所述中间增益台阶，其增益序列由大于单位增益和小于单位增益依次交替排列构成。
  19. 根据权利要求15所述的超声手术刀波导杆，连接各增益保持结构的所述中间增益台阶，其增益序列由小于单位增益和大于单位增益依次交替排列构成。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的超声手术刀波导杆，所述增益保持结构的数目N＝2。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的超声手术刀波导杆，连接所述2个增益保持结构的中间增益台阶的增益大于单位增益。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的超声手术刀波导杆，连接所述2个增益保持结构的中间增益台阶的增益小于单位增益。
  23. 根据权利要求1所述的超声手术刀波导杆，所述增益保持结构的数目N>2，且N为偶数。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的超声手术刀波导杆，连接各增益保持结构的所述中间增益台阶，其增益序列由大于单位增益和小于单位增益依次交替排列构成。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的超声手术刀波导杆，连接各增益保持结构的所述中间增益台阶，其增益序列由小于单位增益和大于单位增益依次交替排列构成。
  26. 根据权利要求1所述的波导杆，其特征在于：每个频率调整结构在增益保持结构上形成前后两个调频增益台阶，所述前后两个调频增益台阶之间有且仅有一个波导杆纵向振动的波节，并且前后两个调频增益台阶之间的距离小于与波节相邻的两个纵向振动波腹之间的距离，所述前后两个调频增益台阶的增益其中一个大于单位增益而另一个小于单位增益。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的超声手术刀波导杆，所述频率调整结构的前后两个调频增 益台阶，其中前调频增益台阶的增益小于单位增益，后调频增益台阶的增益大于单位增益。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的超声手术刀波导杆，所述频率调整结构的前后两个调频增益台阶，其中前调频增益台阶的增益大于单位增益，后调频增益台阶的增益小于单位增益。
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CN110575230B (zh) * 2019-09-25 2021-04-09 哈尔滨优脉雷声科技有限责任公司 一种刀杆结构及包含刀杆结构的超声手术刀
CN110575228B (zh) * 2019-09-25 2021-02-19 哈尔滨优脉雷声科技有限责任公司 一种超声手术刀的刀杆结构及超声手术刀
CN110575229B (zh) * 2019-09-25 2021-02-19 哈尔滨优脉雷声科技有限责任公司 一种刀杆结构及包含刀杆结构的超声刀
CN110575231B (zh) * 2019-09-25 2021-02-19 哈尔滨优脉雷声科技有限责任公司 一种超声刀的刀杆结构及超声刀
CN116919535B (zh) * 2022-10-13 2024-05-07 以诺康医疗科技（苏州）有限公司 一种超声手术刀头
CN115869046B (zh) * 2023-03-08 2023-06-20 杭州康基医疗器械有限公司 一种微型开放超声手术刀中心杆
CN116269660B (zh) * 2023-03-13 2025-09-16 杭州康基医疗器械有限公司 一种短程式开放超声手术刀中心杆

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US11141183B2 (en) 2021-10-12
RU2725087C1 (ru) 2020-06-29
US20190314051A1 (en) 2019-10-17
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