WO2018014190A1 - Silencieux comprenant des chicanes perforées en métamatériau acoustique, et son procédé de préparation et de montage - Google Patents

Silencieux comprenant des chicanes perforées en métamatériau acoustique, et son procédé de préparation et de montage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018014190A1
WO2018014190A1 PCT/CN2016/090450 CN2016090450W WO2018014190A1 WO 2018014190 A1 WO2018014190 A1 WO 2018014190A1 CN 2016090450 W CN2016090450 W CN 2016090450W WO 2018014190 A1 WO2018014190 A1 WO 2018014190A1
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muffler
hole
film
baffle
acoustic
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄礼范
王术光
刘新刚
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a muffler for a through-hole-containing acoustic metamaterial baffle which can customize an effective muffling frequency band, expand a low-frequency muffling bandwidth, and has a small fluid passage resistance and can enhance fluid heat transfer efficiency, and belongs to the field of acoustic devices.
  • Noise generated by pipes through gas or liquid medium such as industrial flow pipes, building fresh air system pipes, intake and exhaust pipes of fluid mechanical power equipment, refrigerant transfer pipes for refrigeration appliances such as air conditioner refrigerators, and various types of high pressure, high temperature and high speed
  • the exhaust gas is vented at the end, and the usual solution is to install a muffler device to effectively reduce the amount of noise passing through while ensuring a sufficient amount of fluid to pass smoothly.
  • the muffler is mainly divided into three categories according to the working principle and structural form: a resistance muffler, a resistive muffler and an impedance composite muffler.
  • the resistant muffler mainly uses partial vibration of the acoustic characteristics of the pipeline, such as expansion, contraction or bypass branch, to achieve partial sound wave bounce.
  • the resistive muffler usually adopts a sound absorbing material lined with the inner wall of the pipe, such as foam and fiber cotton. The porous material will continuously absorb the noise in the pipeline during the propagation process; the impedance composite muffler has the structural characteristics of the resistance and impedance muffler.
  • the most widely studied structure is the axial installation in the expansion chamber.
  • the perforated or microperforated tube is filled with a sound absorbing material in the gap between the perforated tube and the muffler wall.
  • the muffler can simultaneously use the abrupt structure to bounce the acoustic wave, absorb the noise of the specific frequency band by using the cavity resonance characteristic of the perforated tube and the muffler wall, and absorb the transmitted high-frequency sound wave by using the filled sound absorbing material.
  • the effective muffling frequency band of the resistant muffler has an inverse relationship with its structural size, for the low frequency noise with large wavelength scale and long propagation distance, the corresponding resistant muffler structure size needs to be sufficiently large.
  • a simple expansion-cavity-resistant muffler designed to propagate 100 Hz noise in an air medium should have an expansion cavity length of at least a quarter of the wavelength of the desired suppression noise, i.e., about 85 cm, in order to provide effective muffling.
  • the muffling amount is close to zero, and the prior art is inside the expansion cavity.
  • the resistive muffler uses a sound absorbing material, on the one hand, its effective muffling frequency band is limited to high frequency, on the other hand
  • the sound absorbing material is in direct contact with the fluid, and it is inevitable to absorb moisture, smash or fall off during the working process, which affects the service life.
  • the impedance composite muffler has both resistance and resistance characteristics, it can not avoid the problem that the sound absorbing material is exposed to the pipeline fluid, which limits its application to high temperature, humidity, high flow rate, high cleaning requirements, and internal structure.
  • Complex, high cost of manufacturing, maintenance and repair Choinese Open Patent: CN204921097U, CN104564285A, US Published Patent: US6332511B1, US8146574B2).
  • the Chinese patent application CN105090670A combined the concept of acoustic metamaterial with a specific muffling device, and disclosed a thin film acoustic super material muffler. It installs a number of thin film acoustic metamaterial units on the side of the muffler tube wall, and uses the vibration mode generated by the acoustic super material unit cell under the excitation of the pipeline noise to reduce the noise level of the specific frequency.
  • the invention defines that the surface of the acoustic metamaterial unit cell is parallel to the incident direction of the noise in the duct, although the resistance to the passing fluid is somewhat reduced, the effective muffling bandwidth is extremely narrow, as described in the embodiment of the invention.
  • the muffler has a working bandwidth of only a few ten hertz and is difficult to handle low frequency broadband noise conditions.
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a technical solution capable of overcoming the problem of narrow low-frequency muffling bandwidth existing in the existing thin film acoustic super material muffler, and to provide an acoustic super-via with a through hole vertically or obliquely installed along a pipe flow direction.
  • the Baffled Acoustic Metamaterial Silencer (“BAMS”) has a lower frequency noise reduction effect than the equivalent aperture perforated blank and the equivalent total perforated area microperforated blank silencer.
  • the through-hole size on the Perforated Acoustic Metamaterial Baffle (“PAMB”) can be designed according to the requirements of the flow and the muffling frequency band to ensure sufficient heat flow, air flow or liquid flow. At the same time of smooth passage, the noise level is effectively reduced.
  • the invention also provides an improved technical solution of the resistant muffler, which comprises the working frequency band of the PAMB installed on the internal section of the conventional resistant muffler, covering the standing wave trough frequency band of the original muffler, and significantly improving the sound transmission performance of the frequency band. Broaden the muffling bandwidth. Because it does not rely on the structure of the muffler The muffling principle that matches the attenuation wavelength is based on the local resonance mechanism of PAMB, and further excellent acoustic low-frequency noise cancellation can be obtained under the premise that the structure of the muffler is sufficiently compact.
  • the invention also provides an improved resistive muffler technical solution, which uses a thicker layer (more than 5 mm thick) or a plurality of layers of PAMB to seal the sound absorbing material, and transmits sound energy through a film matched with the impedance of the sound absorbing material, thereby further
  • the conversion to thermal energy consumption effectively solves the problem of the direct contact of the sound absorbing material of the conventional resistive muffler with the fluid.
  • the invention also provides a muffler technical solution for enhancing the heat transfer efficiency of a fluid, which on the one hand improves the temperature difference and heat conduction rate of the medium on both sides of the through hole by the vibration generated by the PAMB under the excitation of the sound wave; on the other hand, when the fluid passes
  • the flow-induced vibration generated by the PAMB film can increase the fluid turbulence at the heat source adhering, hinder the formation of the thermal boundary layer and the velocity boundary layer, and accelerate the heat exchange efficiency.
  • the invention also provides a frequency modulation and preparation method of the PAMB and an assembly method of the muffler.
  • the PAMB working frequency band is adjusted by changing the structural dimensions and material composition of the PAMB frame, the constraining body and the film; the PAMB is prepared by integral molding or pre-assembly assembly method, and the roll assembly, the interference fit, the gap welding, the combination splicing, etc. are utilized.
  • the process method performs the assembly of the muffler.
  • a muffler comprising an inlet tube, an outlet tube, a hollow expansion chamber between the inlet tube and the outlet tube, and a PAMB disposed vertically or obliquely on at least one section of the hollow expansion chamber.
  • the PAMB is mounted on a cross section along the direction of flow of the conduit.
  • the PAMB includes a frame, and at least one binding body is disposed in the frame. At least one surface of the two sides of the frame is covered with a film, and the binding body and the film are provided with at least one through hole.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the hollow expansion chamber is determined according to parameters such as the installation space of the muffler and the expansion ratio of the muffler; preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow expansion chamber is circular, elliptical, rectangular, or regular polygonal, and the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the hollow expansion chamber is Rectangular, tapered, wavy.
  • the frame is a hollow structure, and the outer contour shape is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the hollow expansion cavity; the binding body is disposed inside the frame, and the binding body and the frame are rigidly connected by at least one connecting rod; the outer peripheral area of the film fits the surface of the frame, and the inside The region is constrained by the constraining body; preferably, the constraining body and the connecting rod are flush with the frame, and the connecting rod is a part of the binding body for restraining the vibration of the film.
  • the through-hole area of the binding body is determined according to the following manner: when the flow efficiency is high, the large-constrained through-hole area is selected; in the case where the anti-sounding frequency band tends to be low-frequency, the frame and the film are ensured. Under the premise that the geometrical dimensions and material parameters are unchanged, a small-sized through-hole aperture is selected.
  • the shape, position and size of the holes in the binding body and the film are the same or different; preferably, the shape, position and size of the through holes are the same; preferably, the shape of the through holes is any geometric shape; more preferably, the geometric shape is
  • the symmetrical regular shape is further preferably a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or a regular polygonal shape.
  • the contact area of the binding body with the film is a line or a face; preferably, the contact shape is a symmetrically regular geometry; more preferably, the geometric shape is a circle, an ellipse, or a regular polygon.
  • the number of the constraining bodies is mainly determined according to the muffling frequency band. The more the number of the constraining bodies, the smaller the vibrating area of the film, and the more the muffling frequency band of the muffler tends to be high frequency.
  • An improved resistant muffler characterized in that at least one PAMB is disposed on an internal section of a conventional resistant muffler, and a working frequency band of a preferred PAMB covers a standing wave muffling trough frequency band of the conventional resistant muffler; more preferably The peak operating frequency of the PAMB is consistent with the frequency of each order standing wave.
  • An improved resistive muffler characterized in that the sound absorbing material is closed with one or more layers of PAMB to prevent direct contact of the sound absorbing material with the fluid; preferably the thickness of the layer of PAMB is greater than 5 mm; preferably said The surface of both sides of the frame of a layer of PAMB is covered with a film, and the two layers of film are filled with a porous material matching the film impedance; preferably, the thickness and/or material of the two films are different. When the thickness and/or material are different, the two films exhibit different characteristic vibration frequencies, which is beneficial to expand the working bandwidth.
  • the multi-layered PAMB is positioned by a stent, and a layer of an impermeable film is coated on the periphery of the stent, and a hole matching the impedance of the film is filled in a cavity between the impervious film and the wall surface of the expansion chamber or between the two films.
  • the material preferably the material that is impermeable to the film is the same as the film of PAMB; preferably the porous material is glass fiber cotton or open and closed cell foam.
  • a muffler for enhancing the heat transfer efficiency of a fluid characterized in that, on the one hand, the vibration generated by the PAMB under the excitation of the sound wave improves the temperature difference and the heat conduction rate of the medium on both sides of the through hole; on the other hand, when the fluid passes, the PAMB
  • the flow-induced vibration generated by the film can increase the fluid turbulence at the adhesion of the heat source, hinder the formation of the thermal boundary layer and the velocity boundary layer, and accelerate the heat exchange efficiency; it is used to enhance the heat transfer efficiency of the fluid.
  • An array blank comprising the PAMB, which is formed by combining a plurality of PAMBs in an in-plane direction array; when wide-band noise reduction is required, it is preferred that the geometric dimensions and material parameters of the respective PAMBs forming the array blank are different when When narrowband muffling is desired, it is preferred that the individual PAMBs forming the array flap have the same geometry and material parameters.
  • the material of the frame and the binding body of the PAMB is a metal material or a non-metal material, preferably the metal material is aluminum, iron, steel, copper, and preferably the non-metal material is wood, ceramic, rubber, glass, gypsum, cement, polymer polymerization. Or a composite fiber material; the material of the film is a high molecular polymer film material, a metal film material or an elastic film material, and the polymer film material is preferably a polyetherimide film, a poly
  • the vinyl chloride film, the polyethylene film, and the metal thin film material are preferably aluminum and aluminum alloy films, titanium and titanium alloy films, and the elastic film material is preferably a rubber film, a silicone film, or a latex film.
  • a method for eliminating a standing wave muffling trough of a conventional resistant muffler comprising the steps of: installing a through hole-containing acoustic metamaterial baffle on an inner cross section of a conventional resistant muffler, and including a through hole
  • the operating frequency band of the acoustic metamaterial baffle covers the standing wave muffling trough frequency band of the conventional resistance muffler; preferably, the working frequency band of the through hole-containing acoustic metamaterial baffle is consistent with the low frequency first order standing wave frequency.
  • a method for adjusting the muffling frequency band of the muffler under the premise that the shape and size of the muffler expansion cavity are unchanged, the effective work of adjusting the PAMB is realized by changing the structural dimensions and material parameters of the frame, the binding body and the film of the PAMB.
  • the frequency band improves the muffler performance of the muffler in this band.
  • a method for assembling the PAMB wherein the perforated binding body and the frame are prepared by an integral molding technique, or a perforated binding body preform and a frame preform are manufactured, and the perforated binding body preform is connected through the connection.
  • the rod is rigidly connected to the frame preform to form a frame, and then the film is covered on the frame in a freely stretched state, and is fixedly connected, and finally punched on the film; further, in order to ensure the stability of the PAMB, two
  • the frame described in the layer holds the film in the middle and is fixedly connected; preferably processed into a one-piece frame by milling, casting, stamping, laser cutting or 3D printing, or by milling, casting, stamping, laser cutting or 3D
  • the printing technique produces a perforated binding preform and a bezel preform; preferably the fixed joint is glued, heat welded or mechanically riveted.
  • a method for assembling the muffler characterized in that the method first sends the PAMB to a predetermined position inside the hollow tube by a positioning tool, and then moves the roller cutter head to a corresponding position on the outer wall surface of the hollow tube and applies a certain pressure.
  • the PAMB is embedded in the hollow tube; the hollow tube is formed at both ends.
  • a method for assembling the muffler characterized in that the method inserts a PAMB into a hollow tube by means of stamping or thermal assembly, and fixes the acoustic hypermaterial block containing the through hole in the middle by using the interference of the interference fit The predetermined position of the empty pipe; the hollow pipe is formed at both ends.
  • a method for assembling the muffler wherein the method installs the PAMB into a predetermined position in the hollow tube through a positioning fixture, and then fixes the PAMB by spot welding using ultrasonic, laser, argon arc welding, or the like, or adopts a sleeve, A structure such as a spring is positioned to position the PAMB; the hollow tube is formed at both ends.
  • the forming of the mouth is preferably by die forming, spin forming, and inlet and outlet pipe welding.
  • a method for assembling the muffler characterized in that two or more muffler splicing members are manufactured by casting, turning and stamping processes, preferably the muffler splicing piece is a shaft-cutting half-type, in which half of the muffler splicing pieces are in a predetermined position After the fixed PAMB is installed, the other half of the muffler splicing piece is fastened and spliced; preferably, the method of fixing and fixing the PAMB includes welding, groove clamping, sleeve positioning, and preferably the jointing method is Welding, riveting, articulating, gluing.
  • the inside of the muffler is installed vertically or obliquely along the pipe flow direction.
  • the low frequency muffling bandwidth and the muffling amount are better than the same aperture perforated baffle muffler, the equivalent sum perforated area micro perforated baffle muffler and the existing stickers.
  • a film acoustic super material muffler installed in parallel with the wall surface.
  • the PAMB is different from the conventional thin film local resonance type acoustic super material, which does not need to install the weight mass, and does not accidentally fall off during the working process of the weight mass, so that the working stability of the muffler is strengthened.
  • the size of the through hole of the PAMB can be designed according to the requirements of the flow demand and the muffling frequency band, and the noise level can be effectively reduced while ensuring a sufficient amount of heat flow, air flow or liquid flow.
  • the working frequency band of the PAMB inserted into the cross section of the conventional resistant muffler, it is consistent with the standing wave muffling low valley of the original muffler, which significantly improves the muffling performance at the standing wave frequency and broadens the muffling bandwidth.
  • the problem of the standing wave noise reduction of the conventional resistance muffler is completely solved without changing the overall structure size of the expansion chamber.
  • the inside of the muffler uses a thicker or multi-layered PAMB to seal the sound absorbing material, and the sound energy is transmitted through the film to enter the sound absorbing material, thereby converting into heat energy consumption. It effectively solves the problem that the sound absorbing material in the traditional resistive muffler is in direct contact with the fluid, avoids the occurrence of moisture absorption, smashing and falling off of the sound absorbing material, and significantly prolongs the service life.
  • the inside of the muffler utilizes the vibration of the PAMB's own structure under the excitation of sound waves to accelerate the hot and cold air exchange process at the attachment wall, ensuring that the temperature difference of the medium on both sides of the hole is maintained at a higher level, and a larger heat is ensured for a long time.
  • Conduction rate when a fluid passes, the membrane vibration of PAMB can increase the fluid turbulence at the heat source adhering, hinder the formation of the thermal boundary layer and the velocity boundary layer, and accelerate the convective heat transfer efficiency.
  • the PAMB structure is simple, and the batch processing technology is mature.
  • the muffler has a simple internal structure, is difficult to process and assemble, and has a compact structure, and is suitable for various installation spaces.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the general configuration of an acoustic metamaterial baffle muffler of the present invention and a type of PAMB structure included therein.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a basic type acoustic super material block muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a basic acoustic metamaterial baffle muffler, a similar aperture perforated baffle muffler, and an equivalent sum perforated area microperforated baffle muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 is a basic acoustic super material block muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and the same aperture is worn. Comparison of the results of finite element simulation calculation of the sound transmission loss of the hole block muffler, the equivalent sum perforation area micro-perforated block muffler and the non-stop muffler.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic impedance tube test system for measuring the acoustic loss of a muffler sample using a four-microphone single load method.
  • Embodiment 6 is a measurement result of a sound loss test of a basic type acoustic super material block muffler, a same aperture perforated block muffler, an equivalent total perforated area microperforated block muffler and a non-stop muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. A comparison of the results of the meta-simulation calculations.
  • FIG. 7 is a velocity direction distribution of a basic acoustic supermaterial baffle muffler, a similar aperture perforated baffle muffler, an equivalent total perforated area microperforated baffle muffler, and a non-stop muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure.
  • FIG. 8 is a comparison of pressure loss of different inlet air flow rates of a basic acoustic super material baffle muffler, a similar aperture perforated baffle muffler, an equivalent total perforated area microperforated baffle muffler and a non-stop muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure.
  • FIG. 9 is a comparison diagram of heat transfer efficiency of a basic type acoustic super material block muffler and a same aperture perforated block muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a muffler including two sets of PAMBs according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a muffler comprising two sets of PAMBs and a muffler comprising two sets of perforated baffles of the same aperture according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a comparison diagram of finite element simulation calculation results of sound transmission loss of a muffler comprising two sets of PAMBs and a muffler comprising two sets of equal aperture perforated baffles according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a closed-impedance composite muffler of a sound absorbing material composed of two layers of PAMB intermediate-filled sound absorbing materials according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional stereo type super-material block muffler according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a comparison diagram of finite element simulation calculation results of a three-dimensional stereo type super-material block muffler and a non-block muffler according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sandwich type PAMB according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a tilt type acoustic metamaterial block muffler according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a comparison diagram of sound transmission loss test results of a tilt type acoustic metamaterial block muffler including different tilt angles PAMB according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a PAMB array block muffler composed of a plurality of PAMB in-plane arrays according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the assembly structure of the flange assembly, the screw assembly and the welding assembly acoustic super material block muffler according to the embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • the inlet tube described in Example 2 the expansion chamber described in Example 28, the outlet tube described in 29-Example 2, and the first group PAMB, 31-Example
  • FIG. 1 is a generalized configuration of an acoustic metamaterial baffle muffler of the present invention comprising an outer cavity of the muffler and a plurality of vertically or obliquely placed acoustic metamaterial baffles (PAMB) therein.
  • the outer cavity of the muffler comprises an inlet pipe (1), an outlet pipe (3) and a hollow expansion cavity (2)
  • the PAMB is vertically or obliquely placed on a plurality of sections in the hollow expansion cavity.
  • a PAMB (4) as an example, it comprises a frame (8), and a constraining body (9) rigidly connected to the frame is disposed in the frame, and a film (6) is covered on one side of the frame and is covered by the film.
  • the inner restraint body (9) is constrained, and the through holes (10), (7) are respectively disposed on the constraining body (9) and the film (6).
  • Embodiment 2 is a basic acoustic super material baffle muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, which has only one set of vertically placed basic type PAMB (14), and the muffler external cavity includes an inlet pipe (11) and an expansion cavity. (12) and the outlet pipe (13).
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a basic acoustic metamaterial baffle muffler, a similar aperture perforated baffle muffler, and an equivalent sum perforated area microperforated baffle muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the outer cavity material of the muffler is 6063 grade aluminum alloy.
  • the basic PAMB (14) has a circular frame with an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the perforated body is 16 mm, and the diameter of the constraining hole is 10 mm.
  • the thickness of the through hole is also 10 mm;
  • the double-arm connecting rod between the hole-constrained body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the frame, the perforated binding body and the double-arm connecting rod are made of the same material, all of which are SPCC cold-rolled steel; the perforated film is made of polyetherimide.
  • the perforated flap (15) has a circular outer shape with an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 0.75 mm; and the material is SPCC cold rolled steel.
  • the microperforated baffle (16) has an outer diameter of 46 mm and a thickness of 0.75 mm.
  • the inner central region is distributed with 25 micropores having a diameter of 2 mm, and the center distance of the micropores is 7 mm; the material is SPCC cold rolled steel.
  • the surface densities of the three kinds of flaps were 5.67 kg/m 3 , and the perforation rate (the area of the through holes/the total area of the flaps) was 4.73%.
  • the dotted line corresponds to the result of the no-block muffler
  • the dotted line corresponds to the result of the perforated block muffler
  • the dotted line corresponds to the result of the micro-perforated block muffler
  • the solid line corresponds to the result of the basic acoustic super material block muffler.
  • the transmission loss spectrum shows a distinct trough near 700 Hz and 1400 Hz, and the noise reduction is almost zero, because the longitudinal dimension L of the expansion chamber is exactly equal to an integral multiple of the half wavelength of the incident acoustic wave.
  • a perforated baffle is placed inside the expansion chamber such that the two acoustic loss troughs move to near 460 Hz and 1250 Hz, respectively.
  • the corresponding frequency of the low sound transmission loss is located near 600 Hz and 1300 Hz.
  • the basic type acoustic super material block muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is directed to the low frequency first-order sound transmission loss valley, and utilizes the total reflection vibration mode generated by the PAMB sound wave excitation at the corresponding frequency of the low valley to efficiently reflect the sound wave and significantly improve the sound wave.
  • the amount of transmitted sound loss near this frequency As shown in Fig. 4, the acoustic loss of the basic acoustic metamaterial baffle muffler is higher than 10 dB in the continuous low and medium frequency bands of 50 to 1300 Hz, especially at 460 Hz, which is about 30 dB higher than the perforated block muffler.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic impedance tube test system for measuring the acoustic loss of a muffler sample using a four-microphone single load method.
  • the acoustic impedance tube is mainly composed of an incident acoustic tube (18) and a transmissive acoustic tube (19), and a sound source (17) is disposed at the end of the incident acoustic tube (18), which generates a broadband white noise excitation sound wave at the entrance transition tube.
  • the microphone (21) on (21) has been developed into a plane acoustic wave whose wavefront amplitude tends to be consistent.
  • the sound wave passes through the muffler to be tested (23) and enters the exit transition tube (22), and finally enters the transmission sound tube (19).
  • a sufficiently long sound absorbing tip (20) is placed at the rear end of the transmission acoustic tube (19) to minimize the influence of multiple reflections of sound waves on the test results.
  • the test system has an effective test frequency range of 50 Hz to 1600 Hz and a cutoff frequency of 1720 Hz.
  • FIG. 6 is a measurement result of a sound loss test of a basic type acoustic super material block muffler, a same aperture perforated block muffler, an equivalent total perforated area microperforated block muffler and a non-stop muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6(a) corresponds to the result of the no-block muffler, where the solid line is the simulation result and the open circle is the test result
  • Figure 6(b) corresponds to the result of the perforated block muffler, where the solid line is the simulation result and the open circle is the test.
  • Figure 6(c) corresponds to the results of the microperforated baffle muffler, where the solid line is the simulation result and the open circle is the test result
  • Figure 6(d) corresponds to the basic acoustic super material block muffler result, where the solid line is the simulation result.
  • the open circle is the test result.
  • the simulation results agree well with the experimental results, which indicates that the simulation model is correct and can be used to analyze the microscopic mechanism of the sound loss characteristics of the muffler. It also shows that the simulation model is suitable for the muffling frequency band of the acoustic super material block muffler. design.
  • Embodiment 7 is a basic acoustic super material baffle muffler, a similar aperture perforated baffle muffler, an equivalent sum perforated area microperforated baffle muffler and a non-stop muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, under the condition of 460 Hz frequency sonic excitation, the muffler The velocity direction distribution of the air bubbles in the internal chamber.
  • Figure 7 (a) corresponds to the result of the no-block muffler
  • Figure 7 (b) corresponds to the result of the perforated block muffler
  • Figure 7 (c) corresponds to the result of the micro-perforated block muffler
  • Figure 7 (d) corresponds to the basic acoustic super material Block muffler results.
  • the black arrow indicates the direction of incidence of the sound wave. It can be clearly seen that the basic acoustic super-material baffle muffler has obvious acoustic vortex in the front and rear regions of the baffle, which is obviously different from other types of muffler.
  • the non-block muffler only the sound wave reflection phenomenon occurs in the near wall surface area at the outlet end, and the area where the sound reflection is reflected by the perforated block muffler is advanced, and the micro perforated block muffler appears compared to the perforated block muffler.
  • the area of sound reflection is closer to the exit end.
  • the acoustic reflection area of the acoustic metamaterial baffle muffler appears at the upstream end of the acoustic metamaterial baffle, and the entire muffler chamber is dominated by back-propagating sound waves.
  • the circle mark corresponds to the result of the no-block muffler
  • the square mark corresponds to the result of the perforated block muffler
  • the triangle mark corresponds to the result of the micro-perforated block muffler
  • the star mark corresponds to the result of the basic type acoustic super material block muffler.
  • the pressure loss of the micro-perforated baffle muffler is the largest among the four under different input flow rate input conditions, and the basic acoustic super material baffle muffler is the second, while the non-stop muffler has the lowest pressure loss.
  • the inlet flow rate of the airflow piping system is less than 10 m/s.
  • the pressure loss of the four muffler is small, and both are below 200 Pa.
  • FIG. 9 is a comparison diagram of heat transfer efficiency of a basic type acoustic super material block muffler and a same aperture perforated block muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the dotted line corresponds to the result of the perforated block muffler
  • the solid line Corresponding to the basic acoustic super material block muffler results. It can be clearly seen that the heat transfer efficiency of the basic acoustic metamaterial baffle muffler is higher than that of the equivalent aperture perforated baffle muffler, and the outlet temperature reaches the steady state value in a shorter time.
  • the diameter of the through hole of the basic type acoustic super material blocking muffler and the inner aperture of the same aperture perforated blank muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is the same as the diameter of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, both being 10 mm.
  • the through-flow heat dissipation effect of the conventional perforated baffle muffler is already ideal enough, so the PAMB acoustic super material baffle muffler does not have a significant difference in heat transfer efficiency.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a muffler including two sets of PAMBs according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the outer chamber of the muffler comprises an inlet tube (27), an expansion chamber (28) and an outlet tube (29).
  • the expansion chamber (28) is vertically installed with two sets of PAMBs (30) and (31) spaced apart by a certain distance, and the structural size thereof. And the material composition is not exactly the same, respectively for different anechoic trough bands.
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a muffler comprising two sets of PAMBs and a muffler comprising two sets of equal aperture perforated baffles according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the black arrow indicates the incident direction of the sound wave.
  • the outer cavity material of the muffler is 6063 grade aluminum alloy.
  • the structural dimensions and material composition of the two internal PAMBs are not identical.
  • the first group of PAMB (30) has a circular frame with an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm; the outer diameter of the hole-constrained body is 18 mm, and the diameter of the constraining body hole is 12 mm; The thickness is 0.05 mm, and the diameter of the through hole is also 12 mm; the double-arm connecting rod between the hole-binding body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the frame of the second group PAMB (31) is also circular, with an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm; an outer diameter of the hole-constrained body is 16 mm, and a diameter of the constraining body hole is 10 mm; the thickness of the perforated film The diameter of the through hole is also 10 mm; the double-arm connecting rod between the hole-constrained body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the frame of the two groups of PAMB, the hole-constrained body and the material of the double-arm connecting rod are the same, all of which are SPCC cold-rolled steel; the material of the perforated film is polyetherimide.
  • the through hole sizes of the two sets of perforated baffles (32) and (33) are respectively corresponding to the two groups of PAMB (30) and (31) correspond.
  • the perforated baffle (32) has a circular outer shape, an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 12 mm, and a thickness of 0.75 mm; the perforated baffle (33) is also annular, having an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 10 mm, and a thickness of 0.75mm; the materials of the two sets of perforated baffles are all SPCC cold rolled steel.
  • the surface density of the first group of sheets (30) and (32) was 5.49 kg/m 3 , and the perforation rate was 6.81%; the surface density of the second group of sheets (31) and (33) was 5.67 kg/ m 3 , the perforation rate was 4.73%.
  • FIG. 12 is a comparison diagram of simulation results of sound transmission loss of a muffler comprising two sets of PAMBs and a muffler comprising two sets of equal aperture perforated baffles according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the solid line corresponds to the muffler results with two sets of PAMB
  • the dashed line corresponds to the results of two sets of perforated block muffler.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a sound absorbing material closed-resistance composite muffler composed of two layers of PAMB intermediate-filled sound absorbing materials according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the sound absorbing material sealing impedance composite type flap (35) is composed of two layers of PAMB sandwiching the sound absorbing material.
  • the first layer of PAMB (including the frame (37) and the perforated film (36)) and the second layer of PAMB (including the frame (41) and the perforated film (42)) are connected by a bracket (40), and the bracket (40) is laid around the periphery.
  • the annular coating film (39) is filled with a sound absorbing material (38) between the annular coating film (39) and the inner wall surface of the muffler cavity (34).
  • the structural size and material composition of the muffler outer cavity (34) are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the first layer PAMB has a circular ring shape, an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm; an outer diameter of the hole-constrained body is 16 mm, a diameter of the constraining body hole is 10 mm; and a thickness of the perforated film is 0.05 mm.
  • the diameter of the through hole is also 10 mm; the double-arm connecting rod between the hole-binding body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the frame of the second layer PAMB is also circular, with an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm; an outer diameter of the hole-constrained body is 11 mm, a diameter of the constraining body hole is 5 mm; and a thickness of the perforated film is 0.05 mm.
  • the diameter of the through hole is also 5 mm;
  • the double-arm connecting rod between the hole-binding body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the two-layer PAMB has the same material as the frame, the hole-constrained body and the double-arm connecting rod, all of which are SPCC cold-rolled steel; the perforated film is made of polyetherimide.
  • the bracket (40) is composed of two support rods, which are 50 mm long, 3 mm wide and 2 mm thick.
  • the annular coating film (39) has a thickness of 0.038 mm and the material is a polyetherimide.
  • the sound absorbing material (38) is glass fiber cotton with a bulk density of 9.6 kg/m 3 , a flow resistance of 19,000 Nsm -4 and a filling length of 50 mm.
  • Figure 14 is a drawing of a two-layer PAMB intermediate filled sound absorbing material according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the solid line corresponds to the result of the closed-impedance composite muffler of the sound absorbing material
  • the broken line corresponds to the muffler result of the two layers of PAMB without filling the sound absorbing material.
  • the sound-absorbing material closed-resistance composite muffler Compared with the muffler with no sound-absorbing material in the middle of the two layers of PAMB, the sound-absorbing material closed-resistance composite muffler has no obvious muffling collapse in the whole frequency band, and the overall noise-reducing effect is excellent.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional stereo type super-material block muffler according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the frame (45) and the hole-constrained body (46) are not in the same plane, and the two are at a certain distance and are rigidly connected by the inclined connecting rod (47), and the film (48) is wrapped in a circular shape on the frame (45) and The side of the restraint body (46).
  • the structural size and material configuration of the muffler outer cavity (43) are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the frame (45) of the three-dimensional stereotype PAMB has a circular shape, an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm; an outer diameter of the hole-constraining body (46) is 16 mm, and a diameter of the constraining body hole is 10 mm; a perforated film (48) has a thickness of 0.05 mm, and the diameter of the upper through hole is also 10 mm; the double-armed inclined connecting rod between the hole-constrained body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm, a thickness of 2 mm, and an axial vertical height of 20 mm.
  • the frame (45), the perforated binding body (46) and the inclined connecting rod (47) are of the same material and are all SPCC cold-rolled steel; the film (48) is made of polyetherimide.
  • FIG. 16 is a comparison diagram of simulation results of sound transmission loss of a three-dimensional stereo type super-material block muffler and a non-block muffler according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the solid line corresponds to the result of the three-dimensional stereoscopic super material block muffler
  • the dotted line corresponds to the result of the no-block muffler.
  • the effective muffling frequency of the three-dimensional stereo type super material baffle muffler appears near 400 Hz, and the sound transmission loss is improved by about 3 to 5 dB compared with the non-stop muffler.
  • This embodiment is especially suitable for a sound-damping pipeline with a small diameter.
  • the three-dimensional stereotype PAMB can significantly improve the vibration area of the membrane and ensure a good low-frequency noise reduction effect.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sandwich type PAMB according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. It is constructed by attaching two layers of frames (50) and (51) to the left and right sides of the perforated film (52) and clamping the perforated film (52).
  • the configuration described in this embodiment can improve the working stability of the PAMB, making it suitable for high flow rates, strong impact currents and the like.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a tilt type acoustic metamaterial block muffler according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the inclined PAMB (54) is obliquely placed at an inner angle of the outer cavity (53) of the muffler at an angle ⁇ .
  • the structural size and material composition of the muffler outer cavity (53) are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the tilt type PAMB (54) has an installation tilt angle of ⁇ and an axial cross-sectional projection size similar to that of the basic type PAMB (14) shown in Embodiment 1.
  • the frame of the inclined PAMB (54), the perforated binding body and the material of the connecting rod are the same. All are SPCC cold-rolled steel; the thickness of the film is 0.05mm, and the material is polyetherimide.
  • FIG. 19 is a comparison diagram of sound transmission loss test results of a tilt type acoustic metamaterial block muffler including different tilt angles PAMB according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the smaller the installation inclination angle ⁇ the more the noise reduction peak of the PAMB acts toward the low frequency, that is, when the installation inclination angle ⁇ is reduced from 45° to 30°, the noise reduction peak moves from 600 Hz to 450 Hz, and the sound transmission loss in other frequency bands
  • the change is not big.
  • the configuration of this embodiment is very suitable for the case where the pipe diameter is small and the flow demand is high.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a PAMB array block muffler composed of a plurality of PAMB in-plane arrays according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • the configuration described in this embodiment can ensure that the PAMB array flap has sufficient bending rigidity to facilitate the installation of the flap inside the hollow expansion chamber of the large-size section.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the assembly structure of the flange assembly, the screw assembly and the welding assembly acoustic super material block muffler according to the embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • 21(a) corresponds to the flange assembly method
  • FIG. 21(b) corresponds to the thread assembly method
  • FIG. 21(c) corresponds to the welding assembly method.
  • the flange assembly method is to butt the two end flanges (61) and (62) of the two splice members (59) and (60) of the muffler, and the bolts (63) and the nut (64) are screwed together.
  • the thread assembling method is to dock the female end splicing piece (65) of the muffler with the male end splicing piece (66), and the internal thread end (67) of the female end splicing piece is engaged with the externally threaded end (68) of the male end splicing piece. Tight connection.
  • the welding assembly method is to dock the female end splice member (69) of the muffler with the male end splice member (70), and perform welding connection through the welding portion (71) of the male end splice member.
  • the annular groove is machined in the entire outer contour of the PAMB (72) frame, and the annular groove is realized by casting, turning, etc.; in the second step, the PAMB (72) is clamped by the positioning tool (73) to Inside the hollow tube (74), the fixed position is determined by the scale of the positioning tool (73); in the third step, the moving roller knife (75) head to the outer wall of the hollow tube (74) corresponds to the concave of the PAMB (72) The groove is positioned and a certain pressure is applied, at the same time, the positioning tool (73) clamps the PAMB (72) and the hollow tube (74) to rotate circumferentially together, so that the hollow tube (74) is formed inwardly with the protrusion and the internal PAMB.
  • the groove of the frame is tightly fitted.
  • the thin-walled hollow tube it can be processed by one-time rotation, for thicker hollow tubes, it needs multiple injections, or it can be squeezed at multiple points, without the need to tighten the entire ring, multi-point extrusion
  • the pressing method is also suitable for roll assembly of non-circular hollow tubes.
  • the ends of the semi-finished muffler (76) of the plurality of sets of acoustic metamaterial baffles that have been rolled are shrunk by means of a cuffing device (77).
  • Step 5 clean the burrs and refine the chamfer, most A finished muffler (78) that rolls a plurality of sets of acoustic metamaterial baffles is finally obtained.
  • the finite element simulation calculation method for the sound loss of the muffler Based on the commercial finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2, the acoustic-solid coupling frequency domain analysis module is used to establish the finite element simulation calculation model for the muffler sound loss.
  • the simulation model includes a "solid mechanical physical field” composed of a muffler external cavity structure and different types of baffle structures and a "pressure acoustic physics field" composed of a muffler internal air cavity, and the two physical field regions pass the acoustic-solid interface continuity. Conditions are coupled to each other. The boundary conditions of different types of baffle structures are defined as solid supports.
  • the incident acoustic wave is set as the plane acoustic wave (20-2000Hz frequency band, sweep frequency step is 10Hz) at the end of the inlet pipe, and the end surface of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are defined as the plane wave radiation boundary conditions, according to the sound pressure amplitude of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe end face.
  • P I is the inlet tube sound pressure amplitude
  • P T is the outlet tube transmission sound pressure amplitude
  • Finite element simulation calculation method for muffler pressure loss Based on the commercial finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2, the fluid-solid coupling steady-state analysis module establishes the finite element simulation calculation model of the muffler pressure loss.
  • the simulation model includes a "line elastic material domain" composed of a muffler external cavity structure and different types of baffle structures and a "fluid domain” composed of a muffler internal air cavity, and the two domains are coupled to each other through a fluid-solid interface continuity condition. .
  • the boundary conditions of different types of baffle structures are defined as solid supports. Different inlet flow rates are set at the end of the inlet pipe, and the outlet pipe end face is defined as the outlet boundary condition.
  • the pressure drop of the muffler is calculated according to the total pressure of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe end face (Pressure Drop, abbreviated as PD):
  • P in is the inlet full pressure and P out is the outlet full pressure.
  • the finite element simulation calculation method for the heat transfer efficiency of the muffler based on the acoustic finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2, the acoustic-solid coupling, fluid-solid coupling and fluid heat transfer physics, the flow velocity distribution calculated by the acoustic-solid coupling and fluid-solid coupling physics field is taken as Flow field input conditions for fluid heat transfer physics.
  • the wall temperature of the outer cavity of the muffler is set to a constant value as a heat source, and the initial internal temperature value of the muffler is set to 293.15 K (room temperature), and the other walls are set to adiabatic boundaries.
  • a specific inlet flow rate and a plane acoustic wave excitation of a particular frequency and amplitude are applied to the muffler inlet tube section and the muffler outlet tube section is set to a non-reflow boundary.
  • the time history solver is used to calculate the average temperature value of the cross section of the muffler outlet pipe.
  • Acoustic impedance tube test test method for sound transmission loss of muffler the sound transmission loss of the muffler is measured by a four-microphone single load method in the acoustic impedance tube, and the muffler is respectively connected through the inlet transition tube and the outlet transition tube
  • the sound tube is connected to the transmission sound tube, and a sound source is placed on one side of the incident sound tube, and the sound absorption tip is placed at the end of the transmission sound tube.
  • the incident acoustic wave, the reflected acoustic wave and the transmitted acoustic wave are decomposed by two pairs of microphones respectively placed on the inlet transition pipe and the exit transition pipe, and the sound transmission loss of the muffler is obtained according to the transfer matrix equation of the muffler (Munjal ML, Acoustics of ducts and mufflers , Wiley, 1987.).
  • Embodiment 1 Basic Acoustic Metamaterial Block Silencer
  • the frame of the basic type PAMB (14) shown in Fig. 2 is integrally formed by laser cutting using SPCC cold-rolled steel sheet, and the film is adhered on one side thereof and perforated, and the basic type PAMB is positioned in the expansion chamber through the sleeve (12). Internally, the outer cavity of the muffler is assembled by flange connection.
  • the expansion chamber (12) has a length of 250 mm and an inner diameter of 46 mm;
  • the inlet tube (11) has a length of 15 mm and an inner diameter of 10 mm;
  • the outlet tube (13) has a length of 15 mm and an inner diameter of 10 mm;
  • the muffler has a uniform wall thickness and a thickness of 3 mm;
  • the distance between the basic PAMB and the entrance port of the expansion chamber is 150 mm.
  • the outer cavity material of the muffler is 6063 grade aluminum alloy.
  • the basic PAMB (14) has a circular ring shape with an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the hole-constrained body is 16 mm, the diameter of the constraining body hole is 10 mm, and the thickness of the perforated film is 0.05. Mm, the diameter of the upper through hole is also 10mm; the double-arm connecting rod between the hole-binding body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the frame, the perforated binding body and the double-arm connecting rod are made of the same material, all of which are SPCC cold-rolled steel; the perforated film is made of polyetherimide.
  • the outer cavity of the muffler and the basic type PAMB (14) in the finite element model are set as "solid mechanics physics field", and the inner air cavity of the muffler is set as "pressure acoustic physics field”.
  • the boundary condition of the basic PAMB (14) is defined as a fixed branch.
  • the incident acoustic wave is arranged on the end surface of the inlet pipe (11) as a plane acoustic wave, and the end faces of the inlet pipe (11) and the outlet pipe (13) are defined as plane wave radiation boundary conditions, so as to avoid the multiple reflection of the sound wave affecting the calculation result.
  • the incident acoustic wave P I excites the PAMB to produce a reflected acoustic wave P R and a transmitted acoustic wave P T .
  • the sound transmission loss of the basic acoustic super material block muffler is tested by the four-microphone single load method.
  • the schematic diagram of the test system is shown in Fig. 5.
  • the acoustic impedance tube is mainly composed of an incident acoustic tube (18) and a transmissive acoustic tube (19), and a sound source (17) is disposed at the end of the incident acoustic tube (18), which generates a broadband white noise excitation sound wave at the entrance transition tube.
  • the microphone (21) on (21) has been developed into a plane acoustic wave whose wavefront amplitude tends to be consistent.
  • the sound wave passes through the muffler to be tested (23) and enters the exit transition tube (22), and finally enters the transmission sound tube (19).
  • a sufficiently long sound absorbing tip (20) is placed at the rear end of the transmission acoustic tube (19) to minimize the influence of multiple reflections of sound waves on the test results.
  • there are four microphone fixed terminals (24) with a microphone (25) inserted (Model 4187, Brüel& ), two pairs are listed above the inlet transition tube (21) and the outlet transition tube (22).
  • the incident acoustic wave, the reflected acoustic wave and the transmitted acoustic wave are decomposed by two pairs of microphones, and the sound transmission loss of the muffler is obtained according to the transfer matrix equation of the muffler.
  • a fluid-solid coupling computational finite element simulation model consisting of a "fluid domain” consisting of a muffler external cavity and a basic PAMB (14) and a "fluid domain” formed by an internal air cavity of the muffler is established.
  • the boundary condition of the basic PAMB (14) is defined as a fixed branch.
  • the inlet flow rates are set at the end faces of the inlet pipe (11) to be 1 m/s, 2 m/s, 5 m/s, 10 m/s, 15 m/s, 20 m/s, 25 m/s and 30 m/s, respectively, and an outlet pipe (13) is defined.
  • the physics field of "acoustic-solid coupling" and “fluid heat transfer” is added, and the flow velocity distribution calculated by the acoustic-solid coupling and fluid-solid coupling physics is used as the flow field of the fluid heat transfer physics field.
  • the wall temperature of the outer cavity of the muffler is set to 303.15K, and the initial temperature of the muffler is set to 293.15K.
  • the other walls are set to adiabatic boundaries.
  • the inlet flow rate applied to the cross section of the muffler inlet tube was 5 cm/s, the amplitude of the incident plane acoustic wave was 1 Pa, the frequency was 200 Hz, and the cross section of the muffler outlet tube was set to have no reflow boundary.
  • the time history solver is used to calculate the average temperature value of the cross section of the muffler outlet pipe.
  • the following three types of muffler, the same aperture perforated block muffler, the equivalent sum perforated area microperforated block muffler and the non-block muffler were prepared using the basic acoustic super material baffle muffler described in Example 1, and the pass was measured. Two performance indicators of sound loss and pressure loss.
  • the perforated baffle (15) has a circular outer shape, an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 10 mm, and a thickness of 0.75 mm; the material is SPCC cold-rolled steel; the microperforated baffle (16) has an outer diameter of 46 mm and a thickness of 0.75.
  • Mm the inner central region is distributed with 25 micropores with a diameter of 2 mm, and the center distance of the micropores is 7 mm; the material is also SPCC cold rolled steel.
  • the surface densities of these three kinds of flaps were 5.67 kg/m 3 , and the perforation rate (the area of the through holes/the total area of the flaps) was 4.73%.
  • Fig. 4 is a comparison diagram of the finite element simulation calculation results of the sound absorbing loss of the above muffler.
  • the dotted line There should be no block muffler results, the dotted line corresponds to the result of the perforated block muffler, the dotted line corresponds to the microperforated block muffler result, and the solid line corresponds to the basic acoustic super material block muffler result.
  • the basic type acoustic super material block muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is directed to the low frequency first-order sound transmission loss valley, and utilizes the total reflection vibration mode generated by the PAMB sound wave excitation at the corresponding frequency of the low valley to efficiently reflect the sound wave and significantly improve the sound wave.
  • the value of the sound transmission loss near the frequency is higher than 10 dB in the continuous low and medium frequency bands of 50 to 1300 Hz, especially at 460 Hz, which is about 30 dB higher than that of the perforated block muffler.
  • FIG. 6 corresponds to the result of the no-block muffler;
  • Figure 6 (b) corresponds to the result of the perforated block muffler;
  • Figure 6 (c) corresponds to the result of the micro-perforated block muffler;
  • Figure 6 (d) corresponds to the basic acoustic super material Block muffler results.
  • the simulation results agree well with the experimental results, which indicates that the simulation model is correct and can be used to analyze the microscopic mechanism of the sound loss characteristics of the muffler. It also shows that the simulation model is suitable for the muffling frequency band of the acoustic super material block muffler. design.
  • Figure 8 is a comparison of the pressure loss of the different inlet air flow rates of the above muffler.
  • the circle mark corresponds to the result of the no-block muffler
  • the square mark corresponds to the result of the perforated block muffler
  • the triangle mark corresponds to the result of the micro-perforated block muffler
  • the star mark corresponds to the result of the basic type acoustic super material block muffler.
  • the pressure loss of the micro-perforated baffle muffler is the largest among the four under different input flow rate input conditions
  • the basic acoustic super material baffle muffler is the second
  • the non-stop muffler has the lowest pressure loss.
  • the inlet flow rate of the airflow piping system is less than 10 m/s. At this time, the pressure loss of the four muffler is small, and both are below 200 Pa.
  • Fig. 9 is a view showing the comparison of the heat transfer efficiency of the basic acoustic metamaterial baffle muffler and the equivalent aperture perforated baffle muffler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the dotted line corresponds to the result of the perforated block muffler
  • the solid line corresponds to the result of the basic type acoustic super material block muffler.
  • the basic acoustic supermaterial baffle muffler has a significantly higher heat transfer efficiency than the equivalent bore perforated baffle muffler, and its outlet temperature reaches a steady state value in a shorter time.
  • Figure 7 is a velocity direction distribution of air masses in the interior chamber of the muffler.
  • Figure 7 (a) corresponds to the result of the no-block muffler;
  • Figure 7 (b) corresponds to the result of the perforated block muffler;
  • Figure 7 (c) corresponds to the result of the micro-perforated block muffler;
  • Figure 7 (d) corresponds to the basic acoustic super material Block muffler results.
  • the black arrow indicates the direction of incidence of the sound wave. It can be clearly seen that the basic acoustic super-material baffle muffler has obvious acoustic vortex in the front and rear regions of the baffle, which is obviously different from other types of muffler.
  • the non-block muffler only the sound wave reflection phenomenon occurs in the near wall surface area at the outlet end, and the sound wave appears in the perforated block muffler.
  • the area of reflection is advanced, and the microperforated baffle muffler is closer to the exit end than the perforated baffle muffler.
  • the acoustic reflection area of the acoustic metamaterial baffle muffler appears at the upstream end of the acoustic metamaterial baffle, and the entire muffler chamber is dominated by back-propagating sound waves.
  • Example 2 Muffler with two sets of acoustic metamaterial baffles
  • the two-stage PAMB-containing muffler according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is based on the basic acoustic super-material block muffler described in Embodiment 1, and is further configured by installing a set of PAMB.
  • the structural dimensions and material composition of the two groups of PAMB (30) and (31) are not identical, respectively, for different muffling trough bands.
  • the first group of PAMB (30) has a circular frame with an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm; the outer diameter of the hole-constrained body is 18 mm, and the diameter of the constraining body hole is 12 mm; The thickness is 0.05 mm, and the diameter of the through hole is also 12 mm; the double-arm connecting rod between the hole-binding body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the frame of the second group PAMB (31) is also circular, with an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm; an outer diameter of the hole-constrained body is 16 mm, and a diameter of the constraining body hole is 10 mm; the thickness of the perforated film The diameter of the through hole is also 10 mm; the double-arm connecting rod between the hole-constrained body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the frame of the two groups of PAMB, the hole-constrained body and the material of the double-arm connecting rod are the same, all of which are SPCC cold-rolled steel; the material of the perforated film is polyetherimide.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a two-stage equivalent aperture perforated shutter muffler corresponding to the two-stage PAMB-containing muffler according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the through hole sizes of the two inner perforated flaps (32) and (33) correspond to the two sets of PAMBs (30) and (31), respectively.
  • the perforated baffle (32) has a circular outer shape, an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 12 mm, and a thickness of 0.75 mm; the perforated baffle (33) is also annular, having an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 10 mm, and a thickness of 0.75mm; the materials of the two sets of perforated baffles are all SPCC cold rolled steel.
  • the surface density of the first group of sheets (30) and (32) was 5.49 kg/m 3 , and the perforation rate was 6.81%; the surface density of the second group of sheets (31) and (33) was 5.67 kg/ m 3 , the perforation rate was 4.73%.
  • the outer cavity material of the muffler is 6063 grade aluminum alloy.
  • FIG. 12 is a comparison diagram of simulation results of sound transmission loss of a muffler comprising two sets of PAMBs and a muffler comprising two sets of equal aperture perforated baffles according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the solid line corresponds to the muffler results with two sets of PAMB
  • the dashed line corresponds to the results of two sets of perforated block muffler.
  • Embodiment 3 sound absorbing material closed impedance composite muffler
  • the sound-absorbing material closed-resistance composite muffler composed of two layers of PAMB intermediate-filled sound absorbing material according to the second embodiment of the present invention comprises a set of sound-absorbing material sealed impedance composite type baffle (35). It is composed of two layers of PAMB sandwiched by sound absorbing material. Wherein, the first layer of PAMB (including the frame (37) and the perforated film (36)) and the second layer of PAMB (including the frame (41) and the perforated film (42)) are connected by a bracket (40), and the bracket (40) is laid around the periphery.
  • the annular coating film (39) is filled with a sound absorbing material (38) between the annular coating film (39) and the inner wall surface of the muffler cavity (34).
  • the structural size and material composition of the muffler outer cavity (34) are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the first layer PAMB has a circular ring shape, an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm; an outer diameter of the hole-constrained body is 16 mm, a diameter of the constraining body hole is 10 mm; and a thickness of the perforated film is 0.05 mm.
  • the diameter of the through hole is also 10 mm; the double-arm connecting rod between the hole-binding body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the frame of the second layer PAMB is also circular, with an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm; an outer diameter of the hole-constrained body is 11 mm, a diameter of the constraining body hole is 5 mm; and a thickness of the perforated film is 0.05 mm.
  • the diameter of the through hole is also 5 mm; the double-arm connecting rod between the hole-binding body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the two-layer PAMB has the same material as the frame, the hole-constrained body and the double-arm connecting rod, all of which are SPCC cold-rolled steel; the perforated film is made of polyetherimide.
  • the bracket (40) is composed of two support rods, which are 50 mm long, 3 mm wide and 2 mm thick.
  • the annular coating film (39) has a thickness of 0.038 mm and the material is a polyetherimide.
  • the sound absorbing material (38) is glass fiber cotton with a bulk density of 9.6 kg/m 3 , a flow resistance of 19,000 Nsm -4 and a filling length of 50 mm.
  • FIG. 14 is a sound transmission loss test test result of a sound absorbing material closed-resistance composite muffler composed of two layers of PAMB intermediate-filled sound absorbing materials and two mufflers without PAB intermediate sound-absorbing materials according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the solid line corresponds to the result of the closed-impedance composite muffler of the sound absorbing material
  • the broken line corresponds to the muffler result of the two layers of PAMB without filling the sound absorbing material.
  • the sound absorbing material is closed to the impedance composite muffler at full frequency. There is no obvious noise reduction and collapse in the segment, and the overall noise reduction effect is excellent.
  • Embodiment 4 three-dimensional stereotype super material block muffler
  • the frame (45) of the three-dimensional stereoscopic super material baffle muffler according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention is not in the same plane as the hole-constrained body (46), and is separated by a certain distance and connected by tilting.
  • the rods (47) are rigidly connected, and the film (48) is wrapped in a circular shape on the sides of the frame (45) and the restraining body (46).
  • the structural size and material configuration of the muffler outer cavity (43) are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the frame (45) of the three-dimensional stereotype PAMB has a circular shape, an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm; an outer diameter of the hole-constraining body (46) is 16 mm, and a diameter of the constraining body hole is 10 mm; a perforated film (48) has a thickness of 0.05 mm, and the diameter of the upper through hole is also 10 mm; the double-armed inclined connecting rod between the hole-constrained body and the frame has a rectangular cross section, a width of 3 mm, a thickness of 2 mm, and an axial vertical height of 20 mm.
  • the frame (45), the perforated binding body (46) and the inclined connecting rod (47) are of the same material and are all SPCC cold-rolled steel; the film (48) is made of polyetherimide.
  • FIG. 16 is a comparison diagram of simulation results of sound transmission loss of a three-dimensional stereo type super-material block muffler and a non-block muffler according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the solid line corresponds to the result of the three-dimensional stereoscopic super material block muffler
  • the dotted line corresponds to the result of the no-block muffler.
  • the effective muffling frequency of the three-dimensional stereo type super material baffle muffler appears near 400 Hz, and the sound transmission loss is improved by about 3 to 5 dB compared with the non-stop muffler.
  • This embodiment is especially suitable for a sound-damping pipeline with a small diameter.
  • the three-dimensional stereotype PAMB can significantly improve the vibration area of the membrane and ensure a good low-frequency noise reduction effect.
  • the sandwich type PAMB according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention is constructed by attaching two layers of frames (50) and (51) to the left and right sides of the perforated film (52) and clamping the perforated film (52). .
  • the configuration of this embodiment can improve the working stability of the PAMB due to the fastening of the perforated film on both sides, making it suitable for high flow rate, strong impact flow and the like, such as the processing of transient impulse noise generated by the switch of the pneumatic valve.
  • Embodiment 6 tilt type acoustic metamaterial block muffler
  • the inclined PAMB (54) is placed obliquely at an angle ⁇ on the inner wall surface of the muffler outer cavity (53).
  • the structural size and material composition of the muffler outer cavity (53) are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the tilt type PAMB (54) has an installation tilt angle of ⁇ and an axial cross-sectional projection size similar to that of the basic type PAMB (14) shown in Embodiment 1.
  • the frame of the inclined PAMB (54), the hole-constrained body and the connecting rod are made of the same material, all of which are SPCC cold-rolled steel; the thickness of the film is 0.05 mm, and the material is polyetherimide.
  • FIG. 19 is a comparison diagram of sound transmission loss test results of a tilt type acoustic metamaterial block muffler including different tilt angles PAMB according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the smaller the installation inclination angle ⁇ the more the noise reduction peak of the PAMB acts toward the low frequency, that is, when the installation inclination angle ⁇ is reduced from 45° to 30°, the noise reduction peak moves from 600 Hz to 450 Hz, and the sound transmission loss in other frequency bands
  • the change is not big.
  • the configuration of this embodiment is very suitable for the case where the pipe diameter is small and the flow demand is high.
  • Embodiment 7 PAMB array block muffler
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a PAMB array block muffler composed of a plurality of PAMB in-plane arrays according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • the PAMB array blank (56) includes a plurality of PAMB units having the same or different structural dimensions and a perforated film (58) corresponding thereto.
  • the configuration described in this embodiment can ensure that the PAMB array flap has sufficient bending rigidity to facilitate the installation of the flap inside the hollow expansion chamber of the large-size section.
  • Embodiment 8 Assembly method of three acoustic metamaterial baffle muffler
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the assembly structure of the flange assembly, the screw assembly and the welding assembly acoustic super material block muffler according to the embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • 21(a) corresponds to the flange assembly method
  • FIG. 21(b) corresponds to the thread assembly method
  • FIG. 21(c) corresponds to the welding assembly method.
  • the flange assembly method is to butt the two end flanges (61) and (62) of the two splice members (59) and (60) of the muffler, and the bolts (63) and the nut (64) are screwed together.
  • the thread assembling method is to dock the female end splicing piece (65) of the muffler with the male end splicing piece (66), and the internal thread end (67) of the female end splicing piece is engaged with the externally threaded end (68) of the male end splicing piece. Tight connection.
  • the welding assembly method is to dock the female end splice member (69) of the muffler with the male end splice member (70), and perform welding connection through the welding portion (71) of the male end splice member.
  • Embodiment 9 A process flow of a roll processing acoustic super material block muffler
  • the process flow of a roll-pressing acoustic super material baffle muffler according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention is shown in FIG. 22, and is divided into five steps.
  • the annular groove is machined in the entire outer contour of the PAMB (72) frame, and the annular groove is realized by casting, turning, etc.
  • the PAMB (72) is clamped by the positioning tool (73) to Inside the hollow tube (74), the fixed position is determined by the scale of the positioning tool (73);
  • the moving roller knife (75) head to the outer wall of the hollow tube (74) corresponds to the concave of the PAMB (72)
  • the groove is positioned and a certain pressure is applied, at the same time, the positioning tool (73) clamps the PAMB (72) and the hollow tube (74) to rotate circumferentially together, so that the hollow tube (74) is formed inwardly with the protrusion and the internal PAMB.
  • the groove of the frame is tightly fitted.
  • the thin-walled hollow tube it can be processed by one-time rotation, for thicker hollow tubes, it needs multiple injections, or it can be squeezed at multiple points, without the need to tighten the entire ring, multi-point extrusion
  • the pressing method is also suitable for roll assembly of non-circular hollow tubes.
  • the ends of the semi-finished muffler (76) of the plurality of sets of acoustic metamaterial baffles that have been rolled are shrunk by means of a cuffing device (77).
  • the burr is cleaned and the chamfer is refined, and finally a finished muffler (78) for rolling a plurality of sets of acoustic metamaterial baffles is obtained.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un silencieux comprenant un tuyau d'entrée (1), un tuyau de sortie (3), une chambre d'expansion creuse (2) entre le tuyau d'entrée (1) et le tuyau de sortie (3), et des chicanes perforées (4) en métamatériau acoustique disposées verticalement ou obliquement en coupe transversale à l'intérieur de la chambre d'expansion creuse (2). Les chicanes perforées (4) en métamatériau acoustique comprennent un cadre périphérique (8), un corps contraint (9) solidarisé au cadre périphérique (8) se trouve dans ledit cadre périphérique (8), la surface du cadre périphérique (8) est recouverte d'un film mince (6), et le corps contraint (9) ainsi que le film mince (6) sont tous deux pourvus d'une perforation. L'invention se rapporte en outre à un silencieux réactif amélioré, qui peut non seulement empêcher efficacement l'apparition d'un creux d'atténuation d'onde stationnaire dans un silencieux réactif classique, mais qui présente également un excellent effet d'atténuation de bruit à basse fréquence dans les cas de compacité structurale. L'invention porte aussi sur un silencieux dissipatif amélioré résolvant le problème du contact direct entre un matériau absorbant le son et un fluide s'écoulant à travers dans un silencieux dissipatif classique. L'invention a également trait à un silencieux pouvant utiliser la vibration des chicanes perforées en métamatériau acoustique pour augmenter l'efficacité du transfert de chaleur entre les milieux fluides sur les deux côtés des perforations. En outre, l'invention concerne un procédé de modulation de fréquence et de préparation pour les chicanes perforées en métamatériau acoustique, ainsi qu'un procédé de montage du silencieux.
PCT/CN2016/090450 2016-07-19 2016-07-19 Silencieux comprenant des chicanes perforées en métamatériau acoustique, et son procédé de préparation et de montage Ceased WO2018014190A1 (fr)

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CN108328810A (zh) * 2018-04-23 2018-07-27 北京共创富来节能环保科技有限公司 一种养猪场用水处理系统
CN109584855A (zh) * 2019-01-11 2019-04-05 南昌航空大学 可调节吸声频率的蜂窝-微穿孔板复合结构设计方法
CN109599087A (zh) * 2019-01-24 2019-04-09 中国科学院电工研究所 用于变压器多频段降噪的混合式吸隔声装置
TWI665382B (zh) * 2018-08-03 2019-07-11 建國科技大學 具高效散熱能力之汽車排氣尾管防護套結構
CN110767207A (zh) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-07 哈尔滨工程大学 一种超薄多吸收峰低频吸声器
CN111489730A (zh) * 2020-04-01 2020-08-04 西安交通大学 一种阻抗复合型薄膜消声器
CN112747060A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-04 西北工业大学 一种拓宽减振频带的准周期局域共振结构
CN112820264A (zh) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-18 深圳市航天新材科技有限公司 一种装配式声学超构体及声障板
CN112951190A (zh) * 2021-02-19 2021-06-11 哈尔滨工程大学 一种基于声学超材料的变截面管路低频宽带减振装置
CN113793586A (zh) * 2021-08-24 2021-12-14 武汉理工大学 低频超宽带声学黑洞声学材料结构
CN113838447A (zh) * 2021-09-08 2021-12-24 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 一种消声器的控制方法及系统
CN116518189A (zh) * 2023-03-20 2023-08-01 淮阴工学院 一种膜腔质量块组合的声学超材料管道隔声装置
CN118397994A (zh) * 2024-06-27 2024-07-26 苏州国融前沿技术有限公司 多机理耦合全频带声学超材料吸声模块及其消声室
CN119467919A (zh) * 2025-01-13 2025-02-18 泉州信息工程学院 基于射流整流消声的自适应液体管路消声系统及方法
CN120292122A (zh) * 2025-05-13 2025-07-11 广东晟皓风机股份有限公司 一种通风机系统的复合型消声器

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CN108328810A (zh) * 2018-04-23 2018-07-27 北京共创富来节能环保科技有限公司 一种养猪场用水处理系统
TWI665382B (zh) * 2018-08-03 2019-07-11 建國科技大學 具高效散熱能力之汽車排氣尾管防護套結構
CN109584855A (zh) * 2019-01-11 2019-04-05 南昌航空大学 可调节吸声频率的蜂窝-微穿孔板复合结构设计方法
CN109584855B (zh) * 2019-01-11 2022-11-18 南昌航空大学 可调节吸声频率的蜂窝-微穿孔板复合结构设计方法
CN109599087A (zh) * 2019-01-24 2019-04-09 中国科学院电工研究所 用于变压器多频段降噪的混合式吸隔声装置
CN109599087B (zh) * 2019-01-24 2023-05-26 中国科学院电工研究所 用于变压器多频段降噪的混合式吸隔声装置
CN110767207A (zh) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-07 哈尔滨工程大学 一种超薄多吸收峰低频吸声器
CN110767207B (zh) * 2019-10-30 2023-09-29 哈尔滨工程大学 一种超薄多吸收峰低频吸声器
CN111489730A (zh) * 2020-04-01 2020-08-04 西安交通大学 一种阻抗复合型薄膜消声器
CN111489730B (zh) * 2020-04-01 2023-04-11 西安交通大学 一种阻抗复合型薄膜消声器
CN112747060A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-04 西北工业大学 一种拓宽减振频带的准周期局域共振结构
CN112820264A (zh) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-18 深圳市航天新材科技有限公司 一种装配式声学超构体及声障板
CN112820264B (zh) * 2021-01-07 2023-10-20 深圳市航天新材科技有限公司 一种装配式声学超构体及声障板
CN112951190A (zh) * 2021-02-19 2021-06-11 哈尔滨工程大学 一种基于声学超材料的变截面管路低频宽带减振装置
CN112951190B (zh) * 2021-02-19 2022-05-20 哈尔滨工程大学 一种基于声学超材料的变截面管路低频宽带减振装置
CN113793586A (zh) * 2021-08-24 2021-12-14 武汉理工大学 低频超宽带声学黑洞声学材料结构
CN113838447A (zh) * 2021-09-08 2021-12-24 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 一种消声器的控制方法及系统
CN116518189A (zh) * 2023-03-20 2023-08-01 淮阴工学院 一种膜腔质量块组合的声学超材料管道隔声装置
CN118397994A (zh) * 2024-06-27 2024-07-26 苏州国融前沿技术有限公司 多机理耦合全频带声学超材料吸声模块及其消声室
CN119467919A (zh) * 2025-01-13 2025-02-18 泉州信息工程学院 基于射流整流消声的自适应液体管路消声系统及方法
CN120292122A (zh) * 2025-05-13 2025-07-11 广东晟皓风机股份有限公司 一种通风机系统的复合型消声器

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