WO2018018840A1 - Procédé de surveillance et d'alerte précoce en cas de foudre sur une ligne électrique basé sur un petit radar - Google Patents

Procédé de surveillance et d'alerte précoce en cas de foudre sur une ligne électrique basé sur un petit radar Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018018840A1
WO2018018840A1 PCT/CN2016/112889 CN2016112889W WO2018018840A1 WO 2018018840 A1 WO2018018840 A1 WO 2018018840A1 CN 2016112889 W CN2016112889 W CN 2016112889W WO 2018018840 A1 WO2018018840 A1 WO 2018018840A1
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Prior art keywords
lightning
radar
thunderstorm
data
transmission line
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2016/112889
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谷山强
冯万兴
王剑
郭钧天
王海涛
赵淳
姜文东
蒲路
马建国
季坤
张锦绣
姜海波
郭志峰
龚政雄
宋暾坊
张午阳
陶汉涛
张磊
陈玥
梁文勇
曾瑜
王佩
李涛
何君
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Wuhan Nari Co Ltd of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
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Wuhan Nari Co Ltd of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
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Publication of WO2018018840A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018018840A1/fr
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Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
    • G01S13/958—Theoretical aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/02—Measuring characteristics of individual pulses, e.g. deviation from pulse flatness, rise time or duration
    • G01R29/027—Indicating that a pulse characteristic is either above or below a predetermined value or within or beyond a predetermined range of values
    • G01R29/033—Indicating that a pulse characteristic is either above or below a predetermined value or within or beyond a predetermined range of values giving an indication of the number of times this occurs, i.e. multi-channel analysers (the characteristic being frequency)
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of lightning monitoring and early warning of transmission lines, and particularly relates to a lightning monitoring and early warning method for transmission lines based on small radars.
  • Thunderstorm weather is a kind of weather phenomenon in natural phenomena.
  • disasters caused by lightning have occurred frequently and have shown a rapid upward trend.
  • Lightning is extremely harmful to the safe operation of transmission lines.
  • the fault of the transmission line accounts for a large proportion of the lightning strike trip. Preventing the lightning trip can greatly reduce the fault of the transmission line, thereby reducing the frequency of accidents in the power grid.
  • China's transmission line lightning protection has basically formed a series of effective conventional lightning protection methods, such as reducing grounding resistance, erecting lightning protection lines, installing automatic reclosing, etc., but for some mountainous lines, lightning damage is very frequent. Reducing the grounding resistance is extremely difficult, and the cost is high, the workload is large, and the effect is also limited. For this reason, the lightning protection needs to be targeted early warning, and the line that may be tripped by lightning strikes is mainly protected.
  • the existing lightning warning technology mainly relies on various hardware devices to monitor and capture the physical characteristics released before the occurrence of lightning, and each has its own advantages and disadvantages.
  • the following are common.
  • Ground electric field instrument The ground electric field instrument can monitor the cloud charging condition within a certain radius above it. Therefore, by setting different electric field strength threshold levels, it is possible to predict the possibility of local lightning. Its disadvantage is that it is not known whether the increase in the electric field reflects the local cloud charge or because of the strong charged cloud moving toward the electric field.
  • Lightning broadband interferometer system It can detect the weak discharge activity in the cloud before the occurrence of lightning, and the early warning of the occurrence of lightning, it can also use its wide-band characteristics to effectively identify and eliminate the interference signal of non-lightning radiation signals.
  • Satellite The satellite determines the occurrence of lightning by identifying the lightning cloud and tracking the trajectory of the estimated lightning cloud.
  • satellites have a poor resolution of lightning cloud sub-categories, such as cloud flash and ground flash.
  • Radar Forecasting lightning by detecting the climatic characteristics of lightning.
  • the patent No. CN203054097U entitled “A Lightning Early Warning Networking System” proposes a lightning early warning networking system using a common electric field instrument and other supporting equipment.
  • the publication number CN202025042U named “Thunder Warning Device” proposes to estimate the distance of the lightning power source by using the dipole antenna to reach the antenna array by the elevation angle of the lightning radiation signal.
  • the publication number CN102095943A named “Lightning warning method and device” is based on the lightning interferometer principle to measure the elevation angle of the lightning power source by measuring the elevation angle of the lightning radiation signal to the antenna array.
  • the publication number CN202975175U is named "a kind of mine The electrical warning device combines multiple magnetic field monitoring antennas with an infrared spectrum monitoring system.
  • the existing lightning warning methods generally use only a few of radar, satellite, lightning data, atmospheric electric field instruments, etc., and do not combine their advantages and disadvantages and application scenarios in the lightning early warning system.
  • the incomplete data will bring about the low degree of automation of the lightning potential forecast and the low spatial resolution of lightning warning and the low degree of automation of public and decision-making service materials for lightning potential prediction and lightning warning.
  • the present invention provides a lightning transmission monitoring method for a transmission line based on a small radar that is easy to implement maintenance.
  • the present invention simultaneously uses radar and lightning positioning instruments to make the positioning hardware more comprehensive and targeted, and obtains various data sources for prediction and evaluation; to overcome the radar and satellite, only the cloud layer can be recognized.
  • the lightning locator filters the parts with high possible lightning.
  • the analysis of the historical data of lightning occurrence, together with the radial velocity and tangential velocity of the lightning cloud fed back by the radar can derive the future position of the lightning in real time and derive the activity intensity in the future possible thunderstorm region.
  • the lightning protection level of the tower is considered, and an alarm is issued to the part of the lightning strike.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a small radar based transmission line lightning monitoring and early warning method, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Acquire the small radar multi-layer radar echo reflectance data; pay special attention to the active target of 5000 to 7000 meters, and obtain the radar echo strong reflection area closely related to the lightning activity;
  • Step 2 Determine the true lightning cloud; according to the two aspects, one is the radar wave returned by the small radar on the wide area, the radar wave includes various meteorological clouds, and the second is the lightning positioning system;
  • Step 3 Use the image segmentation method to find the boundary and draw the thunderstorm area
  • Step 4 Obtain the echo radial velocity corresponding to the thunderstorm region in step 1, and track the multiple volume scan to derive the tangential development speed of the thunderstorm region, and finally calculate the direction and speed of the thunderstorm region.
  • Step 5 Estimate the intensity of lightning activity at the location of the thunderstorm at the moment k;
  • Step 6 According to the transmission line tower coordinates and the thunderstorm prediction area, and consider the tower lightning resistance level, alarm.
  • the small radar-based transmission line lightning monitoring and early warning method is characterized in that the step 2 includes the following steps:
  • Step 2-1 At the current time t, extract the radar device meteorological entity reflection data P;
  • Step 2-2 obtaining lightning data I when t is obtained from the lightning locator
  • Step 2-3 Associate the Thundercloud with the lightning event, and the radar returns to the overlapping portion of the cloud data P and the lightning locator to return the lightning data 1.
  • step 4 includes the following steps:
  • Step 4-1 using a discrete event to obtain a radial velocity v;
  • Step 4-2 Use the radar data to return five times of data, and track the trajectory of the thundercloud to obtain the tangential velocity p.
  • Step 4-3 The sum of the parallelogram vectors is used to find the combined speed of the v and p of the thundercloud.
  • the small radar-based transmission line lightning monitoring and early warning method is characterized in that the step 5 includes the following steps:
  • Step 5-1 Due to the persistence of lightning activity and the short-term nature of the prediction interval, it is assumed that the current lightning quantity and lightning current distribution represent the potential lightning activity intensity of the future thunderstorm area;
  • Step 5-2 Using the historical lightning current amplitude data of the region to predict the lightning current probability distribution function, and determine the probability distribution of the region after determining the weight of the constant;
  • Step 5-3 According to the data input by the lightning locator, perform curve fitting to obtain a and b parameters, where: a is the median current (the probability of occurrence of lightning current exceeding the amplitude is 50%), kA; b It is the concentration parameter of the lightning current amplitude distribution; the lightning activity intensity is estimated, and the error standard is controlled by the least squares method.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the invention uses the combination of millimeter wave radar and lightning locator, and has the advantages of wide monitoring range and high accuracy.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a lightning radar monitoring and early warning method for a transmission line based on a small radar according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows the radar echo strong reflection region (thunderstorm region) closely related to lightning activity in step 1.
  • the present invention provides a lightning radar monitoring and early warning method for a transmission line based on a small radar, the method comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Acquire the small radar multi-layer radar echo reflectance data. Special attention is paid to the active target of 5,000 to 7,000 meters, and the radar echo strong reflection area (thunderstorm area) closely related to the lightning activity is obtained, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • Step 2 Determine the true lightning cloud.
  • the radar wave returned by a small radar on a wide area (the radar wave includes various meteorological clouds), and the other is a lightning location system.
  • the step 2 includes the following steps:
  • Step 2-1 At the current time t, extract the radar device meteorological entity reflection data P;
  • Step 2-2 obtaining lightning data I when t is obtained from the lightning locator
  • Step 2-3 Associate the Thundercloud with the lightning event, and return the cloud data P and the lightning locator to return the overlapping portion of the lightning data 1;
  • Step 3 Use the image segmentation method to find the boundary and draw the thunderstorm area.
  • Step 4 Obtain the echo radial velocity corresponding to the thunderstorm region in step 1, and track multiple volume scans (about 5 minutes per volume scan, usually 5 times), deducing the tangential development speed of the region, and finally calculating the total. The direction and speed of the thunderstorm area.
  • the step 4 includes the following steps:
  • Step 4-1 using a discrete event to obtain a radial velocity v;
  • Step 4-2 Use the radar data to return five times of data, and track the trajectory of the thundercloud to obtain the tangential velocity p.
  • Step 4-3 The sum of the parallelogram vectors is used to find the combined speed of the v and p of the thundercloud.
  • Step 5 Estimate the intensity of lightning activity at the location of the thunderstorm at the moment k.
  • the step 5 includes the following steps:
  • Step 5-1 Due to the persistence of lightning activity and the short-term nature of the prediction interval, it is assumed that the current lightning quantity and lightning current distribution represent the potential lightning activity intensity of the future thunderstorm area;
  • Step 5-2 Using the historical lightning current amplitude data of the region to predict the lightning current probability distribution function, and determine the probability distribution of the region after determining the weight of the constant;
  • Step 5-3 According to the data input by the lightning locator, perform curve fitting to obtain a and b parameters, where: a is the median current (the probability of occurrence of lightning current exceeding the amplitude is 50%), kA; b It is the concentration parameter of the lightning current amplitude distribution; the lightning activity intensity is estimated, and the error standard is controlled by the least squares method.
  • Step 6 retrieve the tower data base, match the tower coordinates of the transmission line with the thunderstorm prediction area, and consider the lightning protection level of the tower to alarm.
  • the risk is also related to the lightning resistance level of the tower.
  • the level of lightning resistance refers to the level of tolerance present in the subject itself.
  • the transmission line insulation parameters and other parameters increase with the increase of the transmission line voltage level, the transmission line voltage level determines the range of its lightning protection level; again, the structure of the transmission line and its parameters are important factors affecting its lightning resistance level.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de surveillance et d'alerte précoce en cas de foudre sur une ligne électrique basé sur un petit radar, comprenant les étapes suivantes : étape 1. obtention de données de réflectivité d'écho radar multicouche d'un petit radar ; étape 2. détermination de nuages de foudre réels ; étape 3. identification d'une limite dans un mode de segmentation d'image, et dessin d'une zone d'orage ; étape 4. obtention de la vitesse radiale d'écho correspondant à la zone d'orage de l'étape 1, suivi de plusieurs balayages de volume, déduction de la vitesse de développement tangentielle de la zone, et calcul de la direction et de la vitesse de déplacement de la zone d'orage ; étape 5. estimation de l'intensité de l'activité de la foudre d'une position dans laquelle l'orage apparaît à un instant futur K ; et étape 6. mise en correspondance d'une zone de prédiction d'orage en fonction des coordonnées d'un pylône de ligne électrique, en tenant compte du niveau de résistance à la foudre du pylône, et lancement d'une alarme. En associant un radar à ondes millimétriques et un instrument de localisation de foudre, le procédé a pour avantage une large plage de surveillance et une grande précision. Dans le procédé d'alerte précoce de l'existence d'un risque en cas de foudre sur le pylône électrique, on tient compte de l'intensité de la foudre et du niveau de résistance du pylône de ligne électrique, l'alerte précoce de l'existence d'un risque est donc proche de la réalité, et la précision est élevée.
PCT/CN2016/112889 2016-07-29 2016-12-29 Procédé de surveillance et d'alerte précoce en cas de foudre sur une ligne électrique basé sur un petit radar Ceased WO2018018840A1 (fr)

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CN201610606099.9A CN106019287B (zh) 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 一种基于小型雷达的输电线路雷电监测预警方法

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PCT/CN2017/094778 Ceased WO2018019278A1 (fr) 2016-07-29 2017-07-27 Procédé de surveillance et d'avertissement de foudre et de tonnerre pour ligne électrique basé sur un petit radar, et support d'informations

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CN103745580A (zh) * 2013-12-25 2014-04-23 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 适用于输电线路施工作业的雷电预警系统及预警方法
CN103837769A (zh) * 2014-02-27 2014-06-04 广西电网公司电力科学研究院 一种输电线路雷害预警方法及其系统
CN106019287A (zh) * 2016-07-29 2016-10-12 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 一种基于小型雷达的输电线路雷电监测预警方法

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CN114545098A (zh) * 2022-03-18 2022-05-27 华中科技大学 一种雷暴预报方法和闪电定位方法
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AU2017303947A1 (en) 2018-10-18
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