WO2018076491A1 - Réseau d'antennes multifaisceaux de type compact avec éléments de filtre haute et basse fréquence agencés de manière entrelacée - Google Patents

Réseau d'antennes multifaisceaux de type compact avec éléments de filtre haute et basse fréquence agencés de manière entrelacée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076491A1
WO2018076491A1 PCT/CN2016/110020 CN2016110020W WO2018076491A1 WO 2018076491 A1 WO2018076491 A1 WO 2018076491A1 CN 2016110020 W CN2016110020 W CN 2016110020W WO 2018076491 A1 WO2018076491 A1 WO 2018076491A1
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Prior art keywords
array
sub
dielectric substrate
filter
column
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PCT/CN2016/110020
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
章秀银
薛狄
吴裕锋
张垚
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular to a compact multi-beam antenna array in which high and low frequency filter oscillators are interleaved.
  • channel capacity can be increased by in-band bandwidth or carrier bandwidth. Since the bandwidth of a single antenna is typically narrow, multi-passband base station antenna arrays are often used to simultaneously support multiple wireless system standards. On the other hand, it is also possible to increase the capacity of the channel by reducing the coverage of the base station antenna, that is, increasing the number of antennas. However, these methods often lead to an increase in the occupied area and construction costs. In order to solve the problem of communication capacity without increasing the occupied physical space, a multi-beam array can be used.
  • multi-beam base station arrays such as 3G (1710-2170MHz) and LTE (2490-2690MHz) are designed.
  • the cells form an array, and a duplexer is cascaded at the front end to decouple the operating frequency bands by designing a high isolation duplexer.
  • the duplexer will inevitably bring cascading losses, affecting the gain of the antenna.
  • this solution uses only one array, so independent ESC downtilt can not be performed for each band during WLAN optimization.
  • the second method is to use two sub-arrays covering the 3G frequency band and the LTE frequency band in parallel, and a decoupling network is added between the two sub-arrays to achieve the decoupling effect.
  • these decoupling networks will increase Adding the width of the antenna array also affects the radiation performance of the antenna such as radiation efficiency, front-to-back ratio, gain, and the like.
  • the present invention provides a high-low frequency filter oscillator. Interlaced array of compact multi-beam antennas.
  • a compact multi-beam antenna array in which high and low frequency filter oscillators are interlaced comprising a first sub-array operating on a substrate and a second sub-array operating on a second frequency band, the first sub-array And the second sub-array is interleaved, wherein the array elements of one sub-array are dispersedly distributed in a space between the other sub-array array elements, and the first sub-array is composed of at least one first filter antenna unit without an additional loss circuit.
  • the second sub-array is comprised of at least one second filtered antenna element without an additional loss circuit.
  • the first filter antenna unit and the second filter antenna unit are specifically a dual-polarization filter antenna with high selectivity and low cross-polarization, including a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate in order from top to bottom. Supporting the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate;
  • the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate prints a parasitic radiation metal patch for generating and controlling a radiation zero at a high frequency of the radiant passband;
  • the lower surface of the fourth dielectric substrate is a metal floor.
  • the main radiating metal patch is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate, the two feeding lines are respectively a first feeding line and a second feeding line, and the first and second feeding lines are all H-shaped and orthogonally coupled.
  • the first feed line is printed on a lower surface of the second dielectric substrate, and a part of two vertical lines and a middle horizontal line of the H-type in the second feed line are printed on a lower surface of the second dielectric substrate, and a second horizontal line of the second feed line
  • Another portion is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate and is joined to a portion printed on the lower surface by a metallized via, the geometric center of the second dielectric substrate coinciding with the geometric center of the main radiant metal patch.
  • the second dielectric substrate further includes an annular groove line for separating another portion of the second transverse line of the second feed line from the main radiating metal patch, and further comprising a supporting aluminum plate disposed on a lower surface of the metal floor.
  • the first sub-array and the second sub-array are arranged in parallel by a column or more of the filter antenna unit sub-columns.
  • the n-th sub-column and the n+1th sub-column are alternately staggered, nth The sub-column and the n+2 sub-column are arranged side by side in parallel.
  • first and second sub-arrays three adjacent array elements located in the nth, n+1th, and n+2th sub-columns The triangles are arranged to increase the distance between the elements.
  • the first sub-array is composed of 16 first filter antenna units arranged in a 4 ⁇ 4 arrangement
  • the second sub-array is composed of 16 second filter antenna units arranged in a 4 ⁇ 4 arrangement.
  • Each sub-array is fed by a beam-formed network containing a Butler matrix and a power divider.
  • Two or multiple beams are implemented by controlling the beamforming network for single or dual polarization.
  • the two high and low frequency patch arrays of the present invention have filtering characteristics, can realize efficient radiation in the band, and effectively suppress the out-of-band, and the passband edge of the gain is quickly rolled off, and the duplexer or the decoupling network can be omitted. In the case of the case, the mutual coupling between the operating frequency bands is reduced.
  • the interlaced array of the present invention can reduce the size compared to the high and low frequency array separation arrangement array, and the mutual coupling effect is small compared to the filterless array interlaced array, which can maintain good isolation performance, that is,
  • the antenna array of the high frequency filter array and the low frequency filter array filter array of the present invention takes into consideration the advantages of small size and good isolation performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a compact multi-beam antenna array in which high and low frequency filtering arrays are interleaved according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a split structure of a filter antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the filter antenna unit shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of the filter antenna unit shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of the filter antenna unit shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a diagram showing the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate of the filter antenna unit shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is a view showing the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate of the filter antenna unit shown in Figure 2
  • Figure 8 is a bottom plan view of the filter antenna unit shown in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a feed network including a Butler matrix and a power splitter in front of each 2 ⁇ 8 subarray in the compact multi-beam antenna array of the high and low frequency filter array interleaving shown in FIG. 1.
  • Figure 10 is the S parameter of the filtering unit in the 3G band.
  • Figure 11 is an S parameter of the filtering unit in the LTE band.
  • Figure 12 is the gain of the 3G band and the LTE band when the first port of the filtering unit is fed.
  • Figure 13 is a gain of the 3G band and the LTE band when the second port of the filtering unit is fed.
  • FIG. 14 is a reflection coefficient of four input ports of a feed network connected to a first sub-array of an array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a reflection coefficient of four input ports of a feed network connected to a second sub-array of an array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing transmission coefficients between four input ports of a feed network connected to a first sub-array of an array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 17 is a transmission coefficient of four input ports of a feed network connected to a second sub-array of an array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing transmission coefficients between four input ports of a feed network and a feed port of a feed network connected to a second sub-array of the first sub-array of the array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 19 is a horizontal radiation pattern of a first beam of a first polarization mode at a second sub-array of an array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 20 is a horizontal radiation pattern of a second beam of a first polarization mode at a second sub-array of an array according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 21 is a horizontal radiation pattern of a first beam of a second polarization mode of the first sub-array of the array according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 22 is a horizontal radiation pattern of a first beam of a second polarization mode of the first sub-array of the array according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 23 is a horizontal radiation pattern of a first beam of a first polarization mode at 2.6 GHz of a second sub-array of an array according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 24 is a horizontal radiation pattern of a second beam of a first polarization mode at 2.6 GHz of a second sub-array of an array according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 25 is a horizontal radiation pattern of a first beam of a second polarization mode at 2.6 GHz of a second sub-array of an array according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 26 is a horizontal radiation pattern of a second beam of a second polarization mode at 2.6 GHz of a second sub-array of an array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a compact multi-beam antenna array in which high and low frequency filter oscillators are interleaved comprising being disposed on a substrate
  • the number of array elements of the two subarrays may be the same or different, and the first frequency band and the second frequency band are completely different.
  • the interlaced array is arranged, and the size can be reduced compared to the high-low frequency array separation arrangement, compared with the mutual interference array without the filter characteristic.
  • the coupling effect is small and can maintain good isolation performance. That is, the advantages of small size and good isolation performance are taken into consideration.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the dual-frequency dual-polarized dual beam.
  • the base station antenna array should include all of the multi-frequency multi-beam dual-polarized or single-polarized base station antenna arrays having the features of the present invention.
  • the first sub-array 1 operating on the first frequency band and the second sub-array 2 operating in the second frequency band are disposed on the substrate 3, and the first sub-array and the second sub-array are interleaved.
  • the first frequency band is different from the second frequency band, for example, the first frequency band is the 3G frequency band (1710-2170MHz), and the second frequency band is the LTE frequency band (2490-2690MHz).
  • the two frequency bands are only used for illustration, and Not for use in restrictions.
  • the first sub-array and the second sub-array are interleaved, wherein array elements of one sub-array are dispersedly distributed in a space between another sub-array array element.
  • L1-L16 represent the array elements of the first sub-array
  • H1-H16 represent the array elements of the second sub-array.
  • the first sub-array is composed of at least one first filter antenna unit without an additional loss circuit
  • the second sub-array is composed of at least one second filter antenna unit without an external loss circuit
  • the filter characteristics of the filter antenna unit itself are two
  • the mutual coupling between the column sub-arrays is greatly reduced.
  • the first filter antenna unit and the second filter antenna unit have the same structure but different sizes due to different operating frequencies.
  • the first filtered antenna unit having a large size operates at a lower frequency first.
  • the second filter antenna unit having a small size operates in the second frequency band with higher frequency (for example, the LTE frequency band).
  • the size of the substrate 3 can also be set according to the number and size of the sub-arrays.
  • the first filter antenna unit and the second filter antenna unit are specifically a dual-polarization filter antenna with high selectivity and low cross-polarization, and include a first dielectric substrate 5 and a second dielectric substrate 10 in order from top to bottom. a third dielectric substrate 14 and a fourth dielectric substrate 15 for supporting;
  • the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 5 is printed for generating and controlling radiation at a high frequency of the radiant passband Zero-point parasitic radiation metal patch 4;
  • the lower surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 15 is a metal floor 16.
  • the main radiating metal patch 9 is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 10.
  • the two feeding lines are respectively a first feeding line 13 and a second feeding line, and the first and second feeding lines are all H-shaped and positive. Cross-coupling, the first feed line 13 is printed on a lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 10, and two vertical lines of the H-type and a portion 12 of the intermediate horizontal line of the second feed line are printed on a lower surface of the second dielectric substrate, Another portion 7 of the second transverse line of the second feed line is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 10 and is connected to a portion printed on the lower surface by two metallized vias 6, the geometric center and the main radiation of the second dielectric substrate The geometric centers of the metal patches coincide.
  • the second dielectric substrate 10 further includes an annular groove line 8 for separating another portion of the second transverse line of the second feeder from the main radiant metal patch 9; further comprising a supporting aluminum plate 17 disposed on the metal floor 16 lower surface.
  • the first sub-array and the second sub-array are composed of a column or more of the filter antenna unit sub-columns arranged in parallel, and the n-th sub-column and the n+1th sub-column are arranged in parallel in the sub-array.
  • the nth sub-column and the n+2 sub-column are arranged side by side in parallel.
  • the first and second sub-arrays Preferably, in the first and second sub-arrays, three adjacent array elements located in the nth, n+1th, and n+th sub-columns are arranged in a triangle to increase the relationship between the array elements. distance.
  • only one sub-column of the second sub-array exists between the n-th sub-column and the n+2 sub-column of the first sub-array.
  • the first sub-array is composed of 16 first filter antenna units in a 4 ⁇ 4 arrangement
  • the second sub-array is composed of 16 second filter antenna units in a 4 ⁇ 4 arrangement.
  • each of the sub-arrays is fed by two beam-formed networks including a Butler matrix and a power divider, respectively controlling two polarization modes of the sub-array.
  • the compact multi-beam antenna array implements two or multiple beams by controlling a beamforming network for single polarization or dual polarization.
  • the structure of the first filter antenna unit and the second filter antenna unit will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2-8.
  • the first filter antenna unit and the second filter antenna unit have substantially the same structure except for the difference in size.
  • the filter antenna unit is uniformly used to represent the first filter antenna unit and the second filter antenna unit.
  • the filter antenna units each include a first dielectric substrate 5, a second dielectric substrate 10, and a third dielectric plate 14 and a fourth dielectric plate 15 for supporting, and a supporting aluminum plate 17.
  • First medium base A parasitic radiation metal patch 4 is disposed on the upper surface of the board 5, and an upper surface portion 7 of the main radiation metal patch 9 and the second H-shaped feeder line is disposed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 10, and the second dielectric substrate 10 is disposed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 10.
  • a first H-shaped feeder 13 and a lower portion 12 of the second H-shaped feeder are disposed on the lower surface, and the lower surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 15 is provided with a metal floor 16.
  • the parasitic radiation metal patch 4, the main radiation metal patch 9 and the metal floor 16 are all metal plating.
  • a metal shorting probe 6 is connected between the upper surface portion 7 and the lower surface portion 12 of the second H-shaped feeder. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, two metal probes 6 are provided.
  • a supporting aluminum plate 17 is provided. As shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, a supporting aluminum plate 17 is provided. As shown in Fig. 8, the center of the supporting aluminum plate has a square groove for the coaxial line of the input feeding, and the reference numeral 11 is the inside of the coaxial line.
  • the first dielectric substrate 5, the second dielectric substrate 10, and the third dielectric plate 14 and the fourth dielectric plate 15 for support are both made of F4B material and have a dielectric constant of 2.65.
  • the total length of the first feed line 13 and the second feed line is about one quarter of the wavelength, and the position of the zero point can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the feed line.
  • the beamforming network is composed of a Butler matrix and a power splitter.
  • the Butler matrix has two input ports (A, B) that control different beams of the same polarization mode of the sub-array.
  • the first sub-array first polarization mode Butler matrix has four output ports (C, D, E, F), each port of the Butler matrix and a one-fourth splitter ( H, M, N, P) connections.
  • the four output ports of the power splitter H are respectively connected to the filtering units of the four 3G frequency bands of the first sub-column of the first sub-array.
  • the four output ports of the power splitter M are respectively connected to the filtering units of the four 3G frequency bands of the second sub-column of the first sub-array.
  • the four output ports of the power splitter N are respectively connected to the filtering units of the four 3G frequency bands of the third sub-column of the first sub-array.
  • the four output ports of the power splitter P are respectively connected to the filtering units of the four 3G frequency bands of the fourth sub-column of the first sub-array.
  • the first sub-array second polarization mode, the second sub-array first polarization mode, and the second sub-array second polarization mode beamforming network are similar.
  • the two filter frequency antenna units in the 3G frequency band and the LTE frequency band, respectively, which do not have an external loss circuit, and the two filter antenna units adopt the circuit structure shown in FIG.
  • the working frequency bands are different, so the specific circuit size is different, and the circuit design dimensions of the corresponding filter antenna unit without the external loss circuit are as follows:
  • the working frequency bands of the two sub-arrays are 1710-2170 MHz and 2490-2690 MHz, and the sub-arrays of the 3G frequency band are efficiently radiated in the working frequency band 1710-2170 MHz, and the radiation is suppressed in the outband band, ie, the LTE frequency band (2490-2690 MHz);
  • the sub-array of the LTE frequency band radiates efficiently in its operating frequency range of 2490-2690 MHz MHz, and suppresses radiation in the out-of-band, ie, 3G frequency band (1710-2170 MHz). Therefore, the radiation between the two sub-arrays does not interfere with each other, thereby reducing mutual interference and achieving higher port isolation.
  • FIG. 10 it is a reflection coefficient S-parameter of a filter antenna unit of an external lossless circuit operating in the 3G frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that there are two resonance modes in the working frequency band of 1710-2170MHz, and in the S11-frequency curve, S11 is lower than -15dB in the 3G frequency band. In the S21-frequency curve, S21 is below -30 dB in the 3G band.
  • FIG. 11 it is a reflection coefficient S-parameter of a filter antenna unit of an LTE band without an external loss circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that there are also two resonance modes in the working frequency band of 2490-2690MHz. In the S11-frequency curve, S11 is lower than -15dB in the LTE frequency band. In the S21-frequency curve, S21 is below -30 dB in the LTE band.
  • one port ( FIG. 12 ) and two ports ( FIG. 13 ) of the filter antenna unit of the 3G band and the LTE band without the external loss circuit provided by the embodiment of the present invention are respectively excited.
  • the gain-frequency curve shows that the gain in the 3G band is about 8.5 dBi, while the gain in the LTE band is about 8.2 dBi, and the gain of the radiated zero is below -20 dBi.
  • the passband edge is steep, the sideband suppression is obvious, the selectivity is good, and the in-band gain is flat.
  • FIG. 14 15 16, 17, and 18, it is a simulation result graph of reflection coefficient-frequency, transmission coefficient-frequency of a compact multi-beam antenna array in which high and low frequency filter arrays are interleaved according to an example of the present invention.
  • the S11 of the array is lower than -22dB, indicating that the matching of the port is good.
  • the S12 of the array is lower than -25dB, indicating that the mutual coupling between the sub-arrays of the array is small and the port isolation is high.
  • the beam isolation of the array reaches 15 dB in the entire 3G frequency band (1710-2170 MHz) and the LTE frequency band (2490-2690 MHz), indicating that the beam isolation of the array is good.
  • Figure 19-26 shows the horizontal plane pattern of each beam of the antenna array at 2.0 GHz and 2.6 GHz, respectively, which also shows that the antenna array is stable. Radiation pattern.
  • the antenna array itself has filtering performance, the passband edge is steep, the sideband suppression is obvious, and the frequency selection characteristic is good. No additional duplexer or decoupling network circuit is needed, and the use of extra duplex is overcome. Or decoupling networks are prone to large losses;
  • the antenna array is suitable for the 3G frequency band and the LTE frequency band, and realizes high isolation of the port, suppresses the interference of the adjacent frequency, and improves the performance of the base transceiver station without the need of the decoupling circuit;
  • the sub-array of the antenna array is interleaved, and the array consisting of the high-frequency filtering matrix and the low-frequency filtering matrix filtering matrix interleaving arrangement is fed through a feeder network design including a Butler matrix, which can be compacted.
  • a feeder network design including a Butler matrix, which can be compacted.
  • Type multi-beam base station antenna array which reduces the size of the array compared to the split arrangement array;
  • the whole structure is mainly composed of metal patch, metalized via, dielectric plate through hole and ring groove, which has simple structure and simple design.
  • the antenna array is a multi-beam array with narrow beam and high gain, which is suitable for sector division and can cover a long distance.
  • the embodiments provided by the present invention are applicable to the field of wireless mobile communication base stations, and can be applied to receiving and transmitting devices of various types of wireless communication systems. Due to the filtering characteristics of the present invention, the invention is particularly suitable for use in an open complex multi-band multi-standard communication scenario. , base station antennas operating in the 3G band and the LTE band. At the same time, benefiting from the integration of the filtering characteristics and the radiation characteristics, the present invention is also applicable to the integration and integration of wireless mobile communication system equipment, reducing design requirements, and improving the ability of communication equipment to resist adjacent frequency interference.
  • a compact multi-beam base station antenna array can be realized by feeding through a feeding network including a Butler matrix.
  • An exemplary compact base station antenna array achieves two beam coverage 120[deg.] sectors in the horizontal plane, and the vertical plane forms a narrow beam radiation pattern of sidelobe suppression. Due to the filtering characteristics of the interleaved patch array, the mutual coupling between the high frequency array and the low frequency array is greatly reduced.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un réseau d'antennes multifaisceaux de type compact avec des éléments de filtre haute et basse fréquence agencés de manière entrelacée, comprenant un premier sous-réseau fonctionnant sur une première bande de fréquence et un second sous-réseau fonctionnant sur une seconde bande de fréquence qui sont disposés sur un substrat. Le premier sous-réseau et le second sous-réseau sont agencés de manière entrelacée, les éléments de réseau d'un sous-réseau étant répartis de manière dispersée dans des espaces entre des éléments de réseau de l'autre sous-réseau. Le premier sous-réseau est formé par au moins une première unité de filtre d'antenne sans circuits de perte supplémentaire. Le second sous-réseau est formé par au moins une seconde unité de filtre d'antenne sans circuits de perte supplémentaire. L'ensemble du réseau est disposé en réseau et agencé de manière entrelacée par des éléments de réseau de deux bandes de fréquences, qui peut réduire la taille par rapport à la conception d'éléments de réseau haute fréquence et d'éléments de réseau basse fréquence disposés en réseau et agencés de manière séparée. En comparaison avec la conception d'éléments de réseau sans propriété de filtre étant disposé de manière entrelacée, l'effet d'intercouplage entre les éléments de réseau est plus petit, ce qui peut maintenir une bonne performance d'isolation.
PCT/CN2016/110020 2016-10-26 2016-12-15 Réseau d'antennes multifaisceaux de type compact avec éléments de filtre haute et basse fréquence agencés de manière entrelacée Ceased WO2018076491A1 (fr)

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CN201610945445.6A CN106410396A (zh) 2016-10-26 2016-10-26 一种高低频滤波阵子交织排列的紧凑型多波束天线阵列
CN201610945445.6 2016-10-26

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WO2021033448A1 (fr) * 2019-08-19 2021-02-25 株式会社村田製作所 Dispositif de communication
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