WO2018091065A1 - Convertisseur multiniveau modulaire destiné à être utilisé dans un système de traction à haute tension - Google Patents

Convertisseur multiniveau modulaire destiné à être utilisé dans un système de traction à haute tension Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018091065A1
WO2018091065A1 PCT/EP2016/077631 EP2016077631W WO2018091065A1 WO 2018091065 A1 WO2018091065 A1 WO 2018091065A1 EP 2016077631 W EP2016077631 W EP 2016077631W WO 2018091065 A1 WO2018091065 A1 WO 2018091065A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
modular multilevel
converter
high voltage
multilevel converter
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2016/077631
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alireza NAMI
Hongbo Jiang
Sasitharan Subramanian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Schweiz AG filed Critical ABB Schweiz AG
Priority to PCT/EP2016/077631 priority Critical patent/WO2018091065A1/fr
Publication of WO2018091065A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018091065A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
    • H02M5/22—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M5/25—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M5/27—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means for conversion of frequency
    • H02M5/271—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means for conversion of frequency from a three phase input voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
    • H02M5/22—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M5/275—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/297—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal for conversion of frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series

Definitions

  • the technology disclosed herein relates generally to the field of power converters, and in particular to a modular multilevel converter for use in a high voltage traction system, and different arrangements comprising such modular multilevel converter.
  • a traction power network (or simply traction network) is an electricity grid for the power supply of electrified railway networks.
  • a separate traction network is generally installed only for the case that the railway in question uses alternating current (AC) with a frequency lower than that of a national utility grid.
  • AC alternating current
  • the three-phase alternating current of the national utility grid can be converted in substations by rotary transformers or static inverters into the voltage and type of current required by the trains.
  • DC direct current
  • This method is always used, as well as for railways which run on single-phase AC of lower frequency.
  • the converter stations were originally rotating converters, but have gradually been replaced by static converters.
  • Figure l illustrates known solutions for a railway power supply system.
  • a national public power grid loo and an overhead contact line no (also denoted catenary) of the railway grid are interconnected by means of a number of converter stations 120a located
  • the overhead contact line 110 feeding the train is interconnected to a (approximately) 132 kV transmission line 130 via step-up single-phase transformers (three illustrated in the box of figure 1).
  • the step-up single-phase transformers are used to reach the high voltage of the public grid 100.
  • the overhead contact line 110 is fed by step-down transformers 140 located approximately 50 km apart.
  • the converter stations 120b might then be located as far as 200 km from each other. Similar topologies are valid in other 15 kV, 16.7 Hz railway power supply systems.
  • the traction energy is converted from the 50 Hz three-phase utility grid by means of converter stations or generated by special one-phase generators and transmitted over the 110 kV railway grid to the substations which supply the trains at
  • MMC modular multilevel converter
  • the ac/ac frequency converters topologies are either based on the Back-To-Back (BTB) or Double-Star Bridge-Cells (DSBC) structures.
  • An objective of the present invention is to address and improve various aspects for high voltage railway grids.
  • a particular objective is to provide a modular multilevel converter for a high voltage traction system enabling the omission of transformers.
  • Another particular objective is to provide higher flexibility to converters of high voltage railway applications. This objective and others are achieved by a modular multilevel converter according to the appended independent claim, and by the embodiments according to the dependent claims.
  • the objective is according to an aspect achieved by a modular multilevel converter for use in a high voltage ac/ac traction system.
  • the modular multilevel converter 10 comprises three phases, each phase comprising a number of series-connected cascaded converter cells.
  • the three phases are series-connected and arranged to provide a single-phase alternating current to the high voltage traction system.
  • the modular multilevel converter according to the invention provides a number of advantages. For instance, by series-connecting the phases a higher design flexibility is obtained, e.g. in view of number of converter cells to use. Further, each phase may have a lower rating compared to the conventional converters that have parallel- connected phases. Further, the converter according to the invention has high DC fault tolerance. Still further, the invention provides a compact converter for high voltage applications, in particular for use in high voltage railway grids, e.g. since no bulky transformers are required owing to the series-connecting of the phases. The reduction of footprint enabled by the invention is particularly important in urban environments, wherein available land is scarce and expensive. The design flexibility allows omission of transformers for tapping down/tapping up voltage to required levels. More generally, the suggested converter gives increased flexibility for converter design for high voltage applications.
  • the single-phase alternating current side of the modular multilevel converter is connected directly to a high voltage low frequency side of the high voltage traction system.
  • the low-frequency single-phase transformers that are currently used between the converters with parallel-connected phases and the traction systems can be omitted by means of the invention.
  • each phase is connected to a respective alternating current phase conductor of a high voltage utility grid on a three-phase side of the modular multilevel converter.
  • the phases may be connected to the high voltage utility grid via some additional devices (e.g. transformer or filter) on the three-phase utility side.
  • the converter cells are full-bridge converter cells.
  • the objective is according to an aspect achieved by use of the modular multilevel converter as above in a high voltage traction system, wherein the modular multilevel converter is connected to at its single-phase alternating current side to the traction system and at its three-phase alternating current side to a public utility grid.
  • the objective is according to an aspect achieved by an arrangement for use in a high voltage traction system, the arrangement comprising a first and a second modular multilevel converter as above, wherein the first and the second modular multilevel converters are series-connected.
  • the objective is according to an aspect achieved by an arrangement for use in a high voltage traction system, the arrangement comprising a first and a second modular multilevel converter as above, wherein the first and the second modular multilevel converters are connected in a back-to-back structure.
  • Figure l illustrates a known decentralized solution and a known centralized solution.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a basic circuit structure for a series-connected modular multilevel converter according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a 130 kV system using two series-connected modular multilevel converter arms according to an embodiment of the invention in series in a bipolar fashion.
  • Figure 4 illustrates embodiments of a series connection of phases used in back-to- back structure.
  • the invention addresses the problems mentioned in the background section by suggesting use of cascaded converters in a series connection for ac/ac high voltage railway applications.
  • the present invention provides a design wherein phases of a modular multilevel converter are series-connected and used for ac/ac railway systems, in particular a traction system thereof.
  • the modular multilevel converter according to the invention offers a high degree of flexibility for ac/ac conversion to reach the high voltage railway grid. This enables the currently used low-frequency single-phase transformer to be removed, which thus saves on cost as well as footprint.
  • the invention requires a lower number of cells compared to the conventional MMC solutions with the phases parallel-connected.
  • FIG. 2 shows the basic circuit structure for a series-connected MMC 10 according to the present invention.
  • the illustrated MMC 10 comprises twelve identical arms which form the three-stacked single phase converters. Each arm is formed by a stack of series-connected full-bridge converter cells.
  • Each full-bridge converter cell 12, often denoted full-bridge submodule comprises four switching devices Si, S2, S3, S4, a (anti-parallel) diode and a capacitor.
  • the switching devices Si, S2, S3, S4 may , for instance, be insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs).
  • the full-bridge converter cells 12 are controllable by a control device (not illustrated), which may transmit control signals for changing state of the full-bridge converter cells 12, block the full-bridge converter cells 12 etc.
  • a number of converter cells are series- connected with an inductor to form a converter arm.
  • Two converter arms are used to build a converter leg, and each leg is then one phase of the MMC.
  • Uac indicates the single-phase input voltage
  • /ac is the frequency of Uac
  • lac is the input current
  • Ua, Ub and Uc are the three-phase output voltages of the series-connected MMC 10, and/is the frequency of the three-phase voltages. In this case,/ac cannot be equal to f for proper operation.
  • UaP and UaN are the arm voltages, which each include the two frequency components, fac and/. The positive and negative arms are connected to the upper and lower terminals of an inductor LA, LB, LC, respectively, and the center terminal produces an ac voltage with a frequency/ at each converter leg.
  • iaP and iaN are the positive and negative arm currents, respectively, ia is the output current, and iz is the circulating current in the u-phase loop.
  • iaP and iaN are the positive and negative arm currents, respectively, ia is the output current, and iz is the circulating current in the u-phase loop.
  • the series-connected MMC 10 is, as mentioned earlier, controlled by a control device.
  • the control of the series-connected MMC 10 may entail use of control loops controlling voltages.
  • the described MMC 10 with series- connected phases may be used in an electric traction system 20 which provides electric power to the trains of a railway system.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a 130 kV system using two series-connected MMC 10a, 10b in series in a bipolar fashion.
  • Each series-connected MMC 10a, 10b may provide a respective single phase ac to the electric tractions system 20, e.g. 65 kV, 16,7 Hz.
  • a first series-connected MMC 10a is connected to a grounding pole, as is a second series-connected MMC 10b.
  • the added voltages of the first and second series-connected MMCs 10a, 10b can be reached. For instance, if each series-connected MMC 10a, 10b is rated for 65 kV, then 130 kV can be reached.
  • the arrangement 30 may be used for the electric traction system 20, in particular connected between a national utility grid and the traction system 20 without any transformers being needed, or with a highly reduced number of transformers.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a series connection of phases used in a back-to-back structure. That is, a first and a second series-connected MMC 10a, 10b are connected in a back- to-back arrangement.
  • a conventional back-to-back structure using a MMC is an indirect ac-to-ac conversion, in particular, an ac-to-dc-to-ac conversion.
  • the series- connected MMC 10a, 10b according to the invention may replace such AC/DC converter on the three-phase side.
  • This arrangement 40 of the first and second series- connected MMC 10a, 10b connected in a back-to-back structure reduces the losses, cost and footprint compared to the known parallel MMC.
  • the converter cells 12 are indicated as all being full-bridge converter cells.
  • the converter leg (left-most) comprises one-phase converter arms. That is, the converter cells of one converter arm may be half-bridge cells, and the other converter arm comprises full-bridge cells. It is noted that still further variations are conceivable. In essence, the phases to be series-connected may be designed differently, using different converter cells.
  • each phase needs to be able to block the total output voltage.
  • each phase needs only be able to block a third of the output voltage.
  • Another advantage is that the footprint of the converter can be reduced compared to the known MMC

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un convertisseur multiniveau modulaire (10) destiné à être utilisé dans un système de traction à haute tension (ca/ca). Le convertisseur multiniveau modulaire (10) comprend trois phases (A, B, C), chaque phase comprenant un nombre de cellules de convertisseur en cascade connectées en série (12). Dans le convertisseur multiniveau modulaire (10), les trois phases (A, B, C) sont connectées en série et agencées pour fournir un courant alternatif monophasé au système de traction à haute tension (20).
PCT/EP2016/077631 2016-11-15 2016-11-15 Convertisseur multiniveau modulaire destiné à être utilisé dans un système de traction à haute tension Ceased WO2018091065A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2016/077631 WO2018091065A1 (fr) 2016-11-15 2016-11-15 Convertisseur multiniveau modulaire destiné à être utilisé dans un système de traction à haute tension

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2016/077631 WO2018091065A1 (fr) 2016-11-15 2016-11-15 Convertisseur multiniveau modulaire destiné à être utilisé dans un système de traction à haute tension

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109861550A (zh) * 2019-02-22 2019-06-07 中国科学院电工研究所 双向频率变换器及其控制方法
CN111193415A (zh) * 2020-03-06 2020-05-22 西南交通大学 一种高速列车容错型牵引变流器主电路
US11342859B2 (en) 2018-07-10 2022-05-24 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Apparatus and method for supplying power to a high-capacity load
WO2025008550A1 (fr) * 2023-07-04 2025-01-09 Ingeteam Power Technology, S.A. Système de génération de tensions équilibrées et système de conversion de puissance comprenant le système de génération de tensions équilibrées

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DE10217889A1 (de) * 2002-04-22 2003-11-13 Siemens Ag Stromversorgung mit einem Direktumrichter
WO2007028349A1 (fr) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de transmission d'energie electrique
WO2016101985A1 (fr) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-30 Abb Technology Ltd Convertisseur multi-niveau modulaire à valves de thyristor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10217889A1 (de) * 2002-04-22 2003-11-13 Siemens Ag Stromversorgung mit einem Direktumrichter
WO2007028349A1 (fr) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de transmission d'energie electrique
WO2016101985A1 (fr) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-30 Abb Technology Ltd Convertisseur multi-niveau modulaire à valves de thyristor

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Title
GLINKA M ET AL: "A New AC/AC Multilevel Converter Family", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY, NJ, USA, vol. 52, no. 3, 1 June 2005 (2005-06-01), pages 662 - 669, XP011133044, ISSN: 0278-0046, DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2005.843973 *
KRASTEV IVAN ET AL: "Future of Electric Railways: Advanced Electrification Systems with Static Converters for ac Railways", IEEE ELECTRIFICATION MAGAZINE, IEEE, USA, vol. 4, no. 3, 1 September 2016 (2016-09-01), pages 6 - 14, XP011621701, ISSN: 2325-5897, [retrieved on 20160901], DOI: 10.1109/MELE.2016.2584998 *
MANFRED WINKELNKEMPER ET AL: "A modular direct converter for transformerless rail interties", INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS (ISIE), 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON, IEEE, PISCATAWAY, NJ, USA, 4 July 2010 (2010-07-04), pages 562 - 567, XP031803419, ISBN: 978-1-4244-6390-9 *
RIVERA MARCO ET AL: "New configurations of power converters for grid interconnection systems", 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTOMATICA (ICA-ACCA), IEEE, 19 October 2016 (2016-10-19), pages 1 - 8, XP033019806, DOI: 10.1109/ICA-ACCA.2016.7778521 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11342859B2 (en) 2018-07-10 2022-05-24 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Apparatus and method for supplying power to a high-capacity load
CN109861550A (zh) * 2019-02-22 2019-06-07 中国科学院电工研究所 双向频率变换器及其控制方法
CN111193415A (zh) * 2020-03-06 2020-05-22 西南交通大学 一种高速列车容错型牵引变流器主电路
CN111193415B (zh) * 2020-03-06 2024-03-19 西南交通大学 一种高速列车容错型牵引变流器主电路
WO2025008550A1 (fr) * 2023-07-04 2025-01-09 Ingeteam Power Technology, S.A. Système de génération de tensions équilibrées et système de conversion de puissance comprenant le système de génération de tensions équilibrées

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