WO2018097526A1 - Système pour produire simultanément divers types de biocarburants en utilisant une biomasse et procédé pour les produire - Google Patents

Système pour produire simultanément divers types de biocarburants en utilisant une biomasse et procédé pour les produire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018097526A1
WO2018097526A1 PCT/KR2017/012764 KR2017012764W WO2018097526A1 WO 2018097526 A1 WO2018097526 A1 WO 2018097526A1 KR 2017012764 W KR2017012764 W KR 2017012764W WO 2018097526 A1 WO2018097526 A1 WO 2018097526A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solid
biomass
liquid separator
acid
supplied
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Ceased
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PCT/KR2017/012764
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
구자옥
최창수
조경민
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DAI HO INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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DAI HO INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/12—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing fuels or solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
    • C12M45/02—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P3/00—Preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023—Methane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a simultaneous production system of various types of biofuels using biomass and a method of producing the same, and more particularly, utilizing biomass to simultaneously produce alcohol and hydrogen in addition to biogas using organic waste biomass.
  • the present invention relates to various types of biofuel simultaneous production systems and methods for producing the same.
  • organic wastes (sewage sludge, livestock manure, food waste, organic municipal solid wastes) generated in Korea are over 100 million tons per year and are treated by primitive treatment methods such as landfill and ocean dumping, and by composting, liquefaction, and feed through aerobic processes. It is being processed.
  • the anaerobic digestion process is regarded as the most environmentally friendly treatment method due to the excessive energy consumption due to the air injection and the difficulty of securing a dealer due to the low quality of the end product produced.
  • biogas has a problem in that conversion efficiency is low when used as electric power, and expensive purification cost is additionally generated when used as vehicle fuel and city gas.
  • An object of the present invention a simultaneous production system of various types of biofuels utilizing biomass capable of simultaneously producing various kinds of energy including not only biogas composed of methane gas but also liquids such as alcohol and hydrogen, and the like To provide a production method.
  • the biogas production rate is maximized, and the heat source required for the temperature rise of raw materials, the amount of power required for pumping, and the amount of sludge generated biomass can be minimized. It is to provide a biofuel simultaneous production system and a method of producing the same.
  • Various kinds of biofuel simultaneous production system utilizing the biomass according to the present invention to achieve the above object includes: a storage tank in which the biomass is stored; An acid fermentation tank connected to the storage tank to acid ferment the biomass supplied from the storage tank to decompose it into a complex organic acid and simultaneously produce hydrogen; A solid-liquid separator connected to the acid fermentation tank for separating high-purity fermentation broth from the acid fermentation tank into a solid component and a liquid component; An alcohol fermentation tank connected to one side of the solid-liquid separator to produce alcohol from volatile organic acids supplied from the solid-liquid separator; And a biogas generating unit connected to the other side of the solid-liquid separator to produce bio-gas from organic residues supplied from the solid-liquid separator.
  • the biogas generating unit is preferably a methane fermentation tank for producing methane by treating the organic residue supplied from the solid-liquid separator by a high pressure dry anaerobic digestion method.
  • the storage tank and the acid fermentation tank further comprises a crusher for crushing the biomass before being supplied to the acid fermentation tank from the storage tank.
  • a biomass storage step of storing the biomass in the storage tank An acid fermentation step of acid-fermenting the biomass supplied from the storage tank in an acid fermentation tank to decompose it into a complex organic acid and simultaneously produce hydrogen;
  • a simultaneous production system of various types of biofuels using biomass capable of simultaneously producing various types of energy including not only biogas composed of methane gas but also liquids such as alcohol and hydrogen, and the production thereof It may provide a method.
  • the biogas production rate is maximized, and the biomass is utilized to minimize the heat source required for the temperature rise of raw materials, the amount of power required for pumping, and the amount of sludge generated.
  • Various kinds of biofuel simultaneous production system and its production method can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a system of simultaneous production of various types of biofuels using biomass according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a process flow chart for explaining a method of simultaneously producing various types of biofuels using biomass according to the present invention.
  • the organic waste biomass is stored in the storage tank 100 and connected to the storage tank 100 Acid fermentation of the waste biomass supplied from the storage tank 100 to be decomposed into complex organic acids, and at the same time, it is connected to an acid fermentation tank 300 and an acid fermentation tank 300 to be supplied from the acid fermentation tank 300.
  • a biogas generator 700 connected to the other side of the solid-liquid separator 400 to produce biogas from organic residues supplied from the solid-liquid separator 400.
  • the substrate introduced into the acid fermentation tank 300 from the storage tank 100 undergoes the acid fermentation process in one step, and then, through the solid / liquid separation, the liquid component through additional post-treatment (purification, fermentation, and nitriding).
  • additional post-treatment purification, fermentation, and nitriding.
  • anaerobic digestion provides biogas that can be an additional source of energy. It is possible to provide various types of biofuel simultaneous production systems and production methods using biomass that can be produced.
  • the mass balance of organic waste biomass stored in the storage tank 100 is as shown in Table 1 below when the amount of food waste is 1 ton.
  • COD chemical oxygen demand
  • VS volatiles
  • the acid fermentation tank 300 agitates the organic waste biomass to decompose it into a complex organic acid of C 2 -C 4 and simultaneously produces hydrogen (H 2 ) as a clean energy source. That is, the acid fermentation tank 300 includes a stirring rotating shaft for stirring the organic waste biomass, a stirring blade, and a rotation driving unit. At this time, the acid fermentation tank 300 by using the acetic acid / butyl acid producing bacteria in the organic waste in the state without injecting additional seed germ into the acid fermentation tank 300, the alcohol conversion rate of acetic acid / butyl acid is higher than other organic acids Physicochemical pretreatment minimizes the generation of lactic and propionic acids.
  • the material resin after the acid fermentation process in the acid fermentation tank 300 according to the present invention is as shown in Table 2 below based on the volume of 2 m 3.
  • VFAs Volatile Fatty Acids
  • H2 Hydrogen
  • the acid fermentation liquid used in the experiment was obtained by crushing the food waste in the crusher 200 to be described later, and then fermented under a condition of 30 ° C. at a medium temperature of 30 ° C., about 60 g / L of influent concentration carbohydrate, and an operating time of 28 to 32 hr.
  • TCOD total chemical oxygen demand
  • SCOD soluble chemical oxygen demand
  • TS enriched sludge
  • TSS total suspended solids
  • VSS volatile suspended solids
  • the inside of the acid fermentation tank 300 is provided with a biosensor 310 for measuring coenzyme (coenzyme), the biofuel simultaneous production system biosensor 310 It is preferable to further include a control unit 800 for controlling and evaluating the operation of the acid fermentation tank 300 based on the result detected in the).
  • the controller 800 analyzes the inflow concentration deviation of the organic waste biomass flowing into the acid fermentation tank 300, and thus, the appropriate stirring efficiency is increased in the acid fermentation tank 300. It is possible to maintain the acid fermentation by automatic stirring.
  • Simultaneous production system for various types of biofuels using biomass according to the present invention is provided between the storage tank 100 and the acid fermentation tank 300 before the biomass is supplied to the acid fermentation tank 300 from the storage tank 100. It is preferable to further include a mill 200 for crushing the mass.
  • the grinder 200 includes a plurality of rotary grinding screws 210 having a grinding blade rotated therein to grind the organic waste biomass supplied from the storage tank 100.
  • the organic waste biomass supplied from the storage tank 100 may be finely pulverized in the crusher 200, so that the acid fermentation process may be effectively performed in the acid fermentation tank 300.
  • the solid-liquid separator 400 extracts the organic acid from the fermentation broth supplied from the acid fermentation tank 300 and separates the fermentation broth into a solid component and a liquid component through centrifugation in order to achieve high purity of alcohol and performs a high purity treatment process.
  • the solid-liquid separator 400 is prepared so that the pretreatment is optimized to remove in advance the substances that inhibit the acid fermentation broth direct alcohol fermentation, the separated liquid component is supplied to the alcohol fermentation tank 600 and the solid component is It is connected to be supplied to the biogas generator 700.
  • the biogas production rate is maximized, the heat source required for the temperature rise of the raw materials, the amount of power required for pumping, and the amount of sludge generation are minimized. It is possible to provide various types of biofuel simultaneous production system and its production method using biomass.
  • Alcohol fermentation tank 600 screens strains (eg, clostridium, yeast, etc.) that can efficiently utilize volatile organic acids (acetate, propionate, butyrate, etc.) obtained through the biomass acid fermentation process performed in the acid fermentation tank 300 It is arranged to produce alcohol (C 2 H 5 OH) via a pathway capable of biosynthesizing the alcohol of the strain itself (produced approximately 20 kg per tonne of food waste). At this time, by applying a metabolic technique for controlling the productivity of the strain can improve the productivity of alcohol through the production path control and culture process optimization.
  • strains eg, clostridium, yeast, etc.
  • volatile organic acids acetate, propionate, butyrate, etc.
  • Simultaneous production system of various types of biofuels using biomass according to the present invention is provided between the solid-liquid separator 400 and the alcohol fermentation tank 600 to perform a purification process in the fermentation broth of the liquid component supplied from the solid-liquid separator 400. It is preferable to further include an inhibitor removing unit 500 to filter out the inhibitor (inhibitor) through.
  • the inhibitor removal unit 500 may prevent the alcohol fermentation from being inhibited in the alcohol fermentation tank 600 in advance.
  • the material resin of the liquid component after purification in the inhibitor removal unit 500 according to the present invention is as shown in Table 4 below based on the volume of 1.5 m 3.
  • the biogas generator 700 is prepared to produce biogas through anaerobic digestion of organic residues remaining after solid-liquid separation in the solid-liquid separator 400 of the fermentation broth obtained through the biomass acid fermentation performed in the acid fermentation tank 300. .
  • the biogas generator 700 produces biogas in a dry anaerobic digestion method without diluting the raw material (TS: Total Solids> 20%). That is, the biogas generator 700 may lower the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the biogas produced by performing anaerobic digestion under high pressure so that economic efficiency and convenience of use may be increased in the subsequent purification / solidification process.
  • the biogas generator 700 is preferably a methane fermentation tank for producing methane (CH 4 ) by treating the organic residue supplied from the solid-liquid separator 400 by a high pressure dry anaerobic digestion method.
  • the hydrogen gas obtained through the acid fermentation in the acid fermentation tank 300 and the methane obtained through the anaerobic digestion process in the biogas generating unit 700 may be utilized as hythane.
  • the material resin after methane fermentation is as shown in Table 5 below based on a volume of 0.3 m 3.
  • the biogas generator 700 generates 30 m 3 of methane per ton of food waste.
  • the biogas conversion rate is 0.5 m 3 / kg COD
  • the hydrogen gas conversion rate is 0.12 m 3 / It was found that the COD, methane partial pressure in the existing process is 50%, while according to the present invention, the methane partial pressure is 85%, methane calorie is 35.85 MJ / m3, alcohol calorie is 25 MJ / kg, hydrogen calorie is The performance was 5.36 MJ / m 3.
  • the organic waste biomass is stored in the storage tank 100 (S10).
  • the organic waste biomass supplied from the storage tank 100 is pulverized in the grinder 200 (S20), and the organic waste biomass supplied from the storage tank 100 is passed through the grinder 200 to the acid fermentation tank 300.
  • Acid fermentation at) decomposes into complex organic acid and simultaneously produces hydrogen (S30).
  • the fermentation broth supplied from the acid fermentation tank 300 is separated into a solid component and a liquid component in the solid-liquid separator 400 and subjected to high purity (S40).
  • step 40 the alcohol is produced in the alcohol fermentation tank 600 connected to one side of the solid-liquid separator 400 with the volatile organic acid supplied from the solid-liquid separator 400 to produce alcohol (S50), in parallel with the step 50 solid-liquid separator Biogas is produced by the biogas generator 700 connected to the other side of the solid-liquid separator 400 with the organic residue supplied from 400 (S60).
  • the energy conversion efficiency is improved and the utilization of the biomass can be expanded compared to the existing process which has secured economic efficiency only through the disposal cost of the waste biomass and the sale of the produced biogas.
  • a biofuel simultaneous production system and its production method can be provided.

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système pour produire simultanément divers types de biocarburants en utilisant une biomasse et un procédé pour les produire. Le système pour produire simultanément divers types de biocarburants en utilisant une biomasse selon la présente invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : un réservoir de stockage dans lequel une biomasse est stockée ; un bain de fermentation acide relié au réservoir de stockage et produisant une fermentation acide de la biomasse alimentée depuis le réservoir de stockage, décomposant ainsi la biomasse en acides organiques complexes tout en produisant de l'hydrogène en même temps ; un séparateur solide-liquide relié au bain de fermentation acide et séparant une solution fermentée alimentée depuis bain de fermentation acide en composants solides et en composants liquides pour effectuer un traitement de haute pureté ; un bain de fermentation alcoolique relié à un côté du séparateur solide-liquide pour produire de l'alcool en utilisant un acide organique volatil alimenté depuis le séparateur solide-liquide ; et une unité de production de biogaz reliée à l'autre côté du séparateur solide-liquide pour produire un biogaz en utilisant les résidus organiques venant du séparateur solide-liquide. Ainsi, l'invention concerne un système permettant de produire simultanément divers types de biocarburants en utilisant une biomasse et un procédé pour les produire, dans lequel divers types d'énergie, comprenant non seulement des biogaz existants constitués de gaz méthane, mais également de l'hydrogène et de liquides tels que l'alcool, peuvent être produits simultanément.
PCT/KR2017/012764 2016-11-28 2017-11-10 Système pour produire simultanément divers types de biocarburants en utilisant une biomasse et procédé pour les produire Ceased WO2018097526A1 (fr)

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KR1020160159229A KR101814492B1 (ko) 2016-11-28 2016-11-28 바이오매스를 활용한 다양한 종류의 바이오 연료 동시 생산 시스템 및 그 생산방법
KR10-2016-0159229 2016-11-28

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KR102093895B1 (ko) * 2019-06-17 2020-03-26 서울시립대학교 산학협력단 생물학적 바이오가스 고질화 방법 및 그 시스템
KR102085804B1 (ko) 2019-09-30 2020-05-26 주식회사 디에이치 바이오매스를 활용한 바이오 연료 생산 시스템 및 이를 이용한 바이오 연료 생산 방법
KR102347499B1 (ko) * 2019-09-30 2022-01-06 주식회사 디에이치 유기성폐기물을 활용한 바이오 연료 생산 시스템 및 이를 이용한 바이오 연료 생산 방법

Citations (4)

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KR20110081518A (ko) * 2010-01-08 2011-07-14 한국과학기술원 바이오매스로부터 유기산을 생산하는 방법
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KIM, NAM CHEON ET AL.: "Technical Principle of Bio-gasification by Anaerobic Digestion Process and their Application (Anaerobic Digestion Technology of Food Waste and Sewage Sludge", J. OF KOWREC, vol. 10, no. 1, 2002, pages 7 - 23 *

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