WO2018193155A1 - Turbine à flux transversal - Google Patents

Turbine à flux transversal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018193155A1
WO2018193155A1 PCT/FI2018/000010 FI2018000010W WO2018193155A1 WO 2018193155 A1 WO2018193155 A1 WO 2018193155A1 FI 2018000010 W FI2018000010 W FI 2018000010W WO 2018193155 A1 WO2018193155 A1 WO 2018193155A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
turbine
blades
cross
axes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2018/000010
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pekka HIISMÄKI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2018193155A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018193155A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/18—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines without stationary working-fluid guiding means
    • F01D1/22—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines without stationary working-fluid guiding means traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
    • E02B9/08—Tide or wave power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/04—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/22—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the flow of water resulting from wave movements to drive a motor or turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/061—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape, e.g. aerofoil profiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/16—Air or water being indistinctly used as working fluid, i.e. the machine can work equally with air or water without any modification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/213—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Savonius type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/24—Rotors for turbines
    • F05B2240/244—Rotors for turbines of the cross-flow, e.g. Banki, Ossberger type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/20—Rotors
    • F05D2240/24—Rotors for turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/70—Shape
    • F05D2250/75—Shape given by its similarity to a letter, e.g. T-shaped
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • This invention considers methods and means for extracting mechanical energy from free flows such as wind, tidal, river or shallow ocean wave flows.
  • free is used to exclude massive structures aiming at guiding the flow to the energy converter, typically represented by a turbine.
  • the known free flow cross-flow turbines are rotors with their axes perpendicular to the free flow and equipped with a set of various types of blades at their perimeter. Their design is traditionally based on considering the effectiveness of a single blade in the energy conversion process. Thereby the total flow through the turbine via the entrance channels passing further across the inner volume near the rotation axes, appropriately called as the throat, and passing finally through the exit channels to outside of the turbine again has not received the attention it definitely deserves.
  • the cross-flow turbines are divided in two categories, namely to the lift type turbine [1] and to the drag type turbine, most typically represented by a classical wind speed meter with tree hemisphere shaped cups drifting with the wind..
  • the Savonius turbine [2, 3] this division is inadequat, since the the blades are not supposed to stop the cross-flow and let the turbine drift along the wind, but to guide the flow through the turbine along a doubly bent S- shaped path with minimal flow resistance.
  • the throat of the Savonius turbine about the axes is connected by two curved guides to the outer space around the turbine. This configuration suffers from one basic problem.
  • the desired cross-flow occurs two times per revolution only and is absent during the rest of the time. This means that usefull flow energy is wasted and the variations in torque are large extending from the peak torque to a substantial negative torque.
  • This invention aims at creating several doubly bent S-shaped ducts, with interrupted walls in the middle, through the turbine, at least one of which is allways lying in a favourable position for providing strong cross-flow and strong torque.
  • the cross-flow through the duct must be able to pass the rotor throat about the axes as undisturbed as possible, suggesting that the presense of any material axes should be avoided.
  • the S-shaped cross-flow is best achieved, if the central cavity is connected to the turbine perimeter with several curved channels, separated fom each other by curved blades. If the number of the curved channels is chosen to be too small, the torque variation remains higher than desired. For too large number, on the other hand, the channels tend to become too narrow causing higher flow resistance than desired.
  • This invention consists of a set of well-defined S-shaped ducts from outside of the turbine traversing through the throat about the turbine axes and back to outside again.
  • the key feature of this concept is that the innermost tips of the curved blades guide the main flow diametrically through the turbine throat to the opposite side curved exit section.
  • Drawing 1 illustrates a six-blade or three-duct turbine showing the throat (1), which is the empty space about the axes, and the six curved blades, each having a convex and a concave boundary.
  • the convex portion (2) of the blade boundary is lying as far as possible from the axes and has small radius of curvature for achieving marked underpressure at the convex boundary and generating high torque.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur des turbines à flux transversal destinées à être immergées dans des champs d'écoulement de fluides libres non perturbés tels que le vent, la marée, les cours d'eau ou la houle en eau peu profonde, croisant perpendiculairement les axes de rotation de la turbine. Les pales incurvées de la turbine sont positionnées au niveau du périmètre de la turbine de telle sorte que les canaux incurvés entre les pales forment des conduits rotatifs en forme de S interrompus au milieu par la gorge vide de la turbine (1). Ces turbines sont des extensions multiconduits de la turbine Savonius à conduit unique. Dans les turbines multiconduits, au moins un conduit se trouve à tout instant dans une position favorable pour produire un fort écoulement transversal diamétralement à travers la gorge, ainsi qu'un couple élevé avec une variation considérablement réduite par rapport à l'angle de rotation. La meilleure performance est obtenue si la partie convexe (2) de la limite de chaque pale est située aussi loin que possible des axes.
PCT/FI2018/000010 2017-04-17 2018-04-17 Turbine à flux transversal Ceased WO2018193155A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20177045 2017-04-17
FI20177045A FI20177045A1 (fi) 2017-04-17 2017-04-17 Läpivirtausturbiini

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018193155A1 true WO2018193155A1 (fr) 2018-10-25

Family

ID=63855616

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2018/000010 Ceased WO2018193155A1 (fr) 2017-04-17 2018-04-17 Turbine à flux transversal

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FI (1) FI20177045A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018193155A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4362470A (en) * 1981-04-23 1982-12-07 Locastro Gerlando J Wind turbine
US20120119500A1 (en) * 2010-11-12 2012-05-17 Verterra Energy Inc. Turbine System and Method
CH706919A2 (fr) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-14 Emmanuel Binyet Rotor de type Savonius à six pales.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4362470A (en) * 1981-04-23 1982-12-07 Locastro Gerlando J Wind turbine
US20120119500A1 (en) * 2010-11-12 2012-05-17 Verterra Energy Inc. Turbine System and Method
CH706919A2 (fr) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-14 Emmanuel Binyet Rotor de type Savonius à six pales.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20177045A1 (fi) 2018-10-18

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