WO2018201301A1 - Système d'affichage à guide d'ondes holographique - Google Patents

Système d'affichage à guide d'ondes holographique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018201301A1
WO2018201301A1 PCT/CN2017/082774 CN2017082774W WO2018201301A1 WO 2018201301 A1 WO2018201301 A1 WO 2018201301A1 CN 2017082774 W CN2017082774 W CN 2017082774W WO 2018201301 A1 WO2018201301 A1 WO 2018201301A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
holographic grating
spot
waveguide substrate
waveguide
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/082774
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李国洲
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Shenzhen Royole Technologies Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Royole Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/082774 priority Critical patent/WO2018201301A1/fr
Priority to CN201780004640.1A priority patent/CN108474951B/zh
Publication of WO2018201301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018201301A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of holographic waveguide display technology, and in particular to a holographic waveguide display system.
  • Current holographic waveguide display systems are comprised of slab waveguides and holographic elements, including incident holographic gratings and exit holographic gratings.
  • the slab waveguide is used as an optical transmission medium
  • the hologram element is used as an optical path folding device to transmit an image output from the microdisplay to the human eye. Configuring the holographic waveguide display system in the head-mounted display can reduce the overall weight and volume of the head-mounted display, so that the head-mounted display can more satisfy the user's needs.
  • the image output by the microdisplay is transmitted in the waveguide in the form of parallel rays, and the light is transmitted in the waveguide according to the transmission period, and the emitted holographic grating diffracts the transmitted light to transmit the light through the waveguide to form a spot.
  • This spot can enter the human eye.
  • microdisplays provide different fields of view to enable the human eye to view a wider viewing angle of the image.
  • Light from different fields of view has different transmission periods in the waveguide.
  • the transmission period of some fields of view light in the waveguide is greater than the length of the incident holographic grating.
  • the light spots scattered by the exiting holographic grating are generally smaller than the transmission of these rays. Cycle, which causes the spot of the output of the adjacent transmission cycle to be discontinuous, resulting in discontinuity of the image observed by the human eye.
  • Embodiments of the present invention disclose a holographic waveguide display system capable of outputting a continuous spot in adjacent transmission periods.
  • an embodiment of the present invention discloses a holographic waveguide display system, including:
  • the slab waveguide includes a waveguide substrate and at least one light semi-transmissive film embedded in a transmission region of the waveguide substrate, and a horizontal surface of one side of the waveguide substrate is bonded to the incident holographic grating and the exit holographic grating.
  • the bonding area of the incident holographic grating corresponds to an incident area of the waveguide substrate, and the bonding area of the exiting holographic grating corresponds to an exit area of the waveguide substrate;
  • field of view light passes through the incident holographic grating, the slab waveguide, and the exit holographic grating An output spot is formed, the output spot entering the human eye, the at least one light semi-permeable film being adapted to change a direction of transmission of at least a portion of the field of view light in a transmission region of the waveguide substrate.
  • an embodiment of the present invention discloses a head mounted display device, including the holographic waveguide display system and the microdisplay of the first aspect.
  • the solution provided by the present application is to embed at least one light semi-transmissive film in the transmission region of the waveguide substrate of the slab waveguide, the at least one light semi-transmissive film capable of changing the transmission direction of a part of the incident field of view light in the transmission region, so as to make the transmission period
  • a beam larger than the length of the incident holographic grating can be formed into a continuous spot after being diffracted by the exit holographic grating. Further, the user can observe the complete image.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a holographic waveguide display system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a light transmission path when two light semi-transmissive films are embedded in a waveguide substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a mapping relationship between a diffraction efficiency and a spot position according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • references to "an embodiment” herein mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention.
  • the appearances of the phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiments, and are not exclusive or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive. Those skilled in the art will understand and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an optical component of a holographic waveguide display system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the holographic waveguide display system includes an incident holographic grating 1, an exit holographic grating 2, and a slab waveguide 3.
  • the slab waveguide includes a waveguide substrate 32 and a light semi-transmissive film 31 embedded in the waveguide substrate.
  • the waveguide substrate 32 of the slab waveguide can be divided into three regions according to functions, namely an incident region 321, a transmission region 322, and an exit region 323.
  • the embodiment of the present application defines that the direction of the x-axis shown in FIG. 1 is the horizontal direction, and the direction of the y-axis is the vertical direction.
  • the waveguide substrate 32 has an incident hologram grating 1 attached to the horizontal surface of the incident region 321, and the waveguide substrate 32 has an exit hologram grating 2 attached to the horizontal surface of the exit region 323.
  • the light semipermeable membrane 31 is embedded in the transmission region of the waveguide substrate 32.
  • the light beam passes through the semi-transmissive film, a part of the light beam will be reflected, and a part of the light beam will be projected.
  • the light beam passes through the light semi-permeable film, 50% of the light beam is emitted, and 50% of the light beam is projected, which is not specifically limited. It should be noted that the light semi-permeable membrane 31 can realize the reflection of the incident light beam.
  • Fig. 1 exemplarily shows a manner of embedding a light semipermeable membrane.
  • the light semipermeable membrane is placed horizontally, and the length of the light semipermeable membrane is the height of the transfer zone. 1 shows that two light semipermeable membranes 31 are embedded in the waveguide substrate 32, and the two light semipermeable membranes 31 are uniformly and uniformly embedded in the transmission region of the waveguide substrate 32, that is, between the two light semipermeable membranes 31.
  • the distance is equal to the distance between the two light semipermeable membranes and the horizontal surface of the waveguide substrate 32 which is adjacent to each other, that is, the height of one light semipermeable membrane is one third of the height of the waveguide substrate, and the other light is semipermeable.
  • the height of the film is two-thirds the height of the waveguide substrate.
  • the manner in which the light semipermeable membrane is embedded may be otherwise, and is not specifically limited herein.
  • a light semipermeable membrane may be embedded in the transmission area of the waveguide substrate 32, or more than two Light semipermeable membrane. If a light semi-permeable membrane is embedded in the transmission area, the light semi-permeable membrane is horizontally embedded in the transmission area, and the height of the light semi-permeable membrane is arbitrary. One implementation is that the height of the light semi-permeable membrane is half of the height of the waveguide substrate. That is, the light semipermeable membrane is disposed in the middle of the transmission area of the waveguide substrate.
  • the manner of embedding the semipermeable membrane may be other modes, which are not limited herein.
  • the spot output through the slab waveguide and the exit holographic grating can be made more uniform.
  • the embedding mode when the two photo-transparent films are disposed may be referred to, and is not specifically limited herein.
  • a light absorbing material may be coated on the vertical surface of the waveguide substrate to eliminate stray light and improve the quality of the output spot.
  • Wi represents the length of the incident holographic grating
  • L represents the length of the exit holographic grating
  • S represents the length of the transmission region
  • T represents the transmission period of a field of view light in the slab waveguide.
  • the length of the transmission period T of the window light is greater than the length Wi of the incident holographic grating. If the light semi-transmissive film is not embedded in the waveguide substrate, the field of view light can only output part of the field of view light through the exiting holographic grating in one transmission period. As shown in FIG.
  • W' represents the length of the single-order diffraction spot of the field-of-view light of the transmission period T passing through the exit holographic grating when the light semi-transmissive film is not embedded in the waveguide substrate, and W' is less than T, and the transmission is performed.
  • a portion of the field of view light cannot be diffracted out of the waveguide substrate through the exit holographic grating, resulting in a dull region between the transmission period and the next transmission period, that is, the length of the diffracted spot W' is smaller than the length of the incident window light. It will cause the spot of the adjacent period to be discontinuous.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a light transmission path when two light semi-transmissive films are embedded in a waveguide substrate, and the light beam is totally reflected on a part of the light semi-transmissive film, and the partially reflected light can reach the above-mentioned no-light region, and then pass through
  • the diffraction of the holographic grating forms a spot in the no-light region, so that the spot of the adjacent period can be made continuous, as shown in FIG. 2, where W represents the field-of-light light having a transmission period T when the light-transmissive film is embedded in the waveguide substrate.
  • the output single-order diffraction spot length W is equal to 15 mm, and can pass through.
  • the holographic grating outputs a three-dimensional diffraction spot.
  • the single-diffraction spot length W can be divided into a plurality of unit sub-spots, wherein the intensity of the adjacent unit sub-spots may be the same or different, and it is assumed that the output single-sub-diffraction spot length W is equal to 15 mm. Therefore, we set the length of the unit sub-spot to 2.5 mm, wherein the light intensity of different unit sub-spots can be represented by the gradation shown in Fig. 2, in the spot shown in Fig.
  • the number of light semipermeable membranes in the system is different, and the grating structure of the corresponding exit holographic grating is different. Specifically, the position of the exiting holographic grating passing through the field light is different, and the corresponding diffraction efficiency is different, thereby achieving the effect of uniform light intensity of the output.
  • the exiting holographic grating is based on the length of the unit sub-spot included in the single-diffracted output spot to determine the diffraction efficiency, that is, the diffraction efficiency of the light passing through the length of one unit sub-spot of the exiting holographic grating is the same.
  • a method for determining the grating structure of the emergent holographic grating provided by the present application that satisfies the uniform distribution of the intensity of the output spot is exemplified.
  • the light intensity distribution of the output spot formed by diffraction of the conventional exiting holographic grating is not uniform, for example, if a single light semi-transmissive film is embedded, the uniformity of the output field of any field of view light is obtained.
  • the minimum is 50%; if two light semi-transmissive films are embedded, the uniformity of the output spot of any field of view light is at least 66.7%.
  • the light intensity distribution of the output spot when the light passes through the conventional exiting holographic grating is obtained.
  • the light intensity distribution of the single-diffracted output spot can be as shown in FIG. 2, of course, other numbers of light and half are disposed in the system.
  • the film is permeable, the light intensity distribution of the output spot when the light passes through the conventional exit holographic grating can also be obtained.
  • the diffraction order is determined, thereby determining the diffraction efficiency of the output spot of each diffraction, and based on each diffraction
  • the output efficiency of the output spot is used to set the grating structure of the exit holographic grating.
  • the length of the single-diffraction output spot is related to the transmission period of the field-of-view light in the slab waveguide, for example, if two light semi-transmissive films are embedded in the waveguide substrate, and the embedding manner is as shown in FIG.
  • the length W of the single-diffraction output spot is equal to the transmission period T of the field-of-view light in the slab waveguide.
  • Determining the diffraction efficiency of each diffraction output spot can be based on the following formula:
  • Formula (1) is:
  • ⁇ 1 represents the diffraction efficiency corresponding to the first diffraction output spot in the output spot
  • ⁇ i the diffraction efficiency corresponding to the ith diffraction output spot in the output spot
  • I the The number of diffractions of the output spot on the exit holographic grating, i and I are integers.
  • the diffraction efficiency corresponding to each diffraction output spot can be determined, for example, assuming Wi is 10 mm (mm), S is 5 mm, T is 15 mm, and L is 45 mm. At this time, by the system shown in FIG.
  • the output single-order diffraction spot length W is equal to 15 mm, and the three-dimensional diffraction spot can be output through the exit holographic grating.
  • the diffraction efficiency ⁇ 1 corresponding to the first diffraction output spot can be calculated to be 1/3; the diffraction efficiency ⁇ 2 corresponding to the second diffraction output spot is 1/2; The diffraction efficiency ⁇ 3 corresponding to the third-order diffraction output spot is 1.
  • the diffraction efficiency corresponding to each diffraction output spot it is also possible to determine the light intensity distribution corresponding to the diffraction efficiency of the unit sub-spot included in each diffraction output spot, that is, based on the light intensity distribution of each diffraction output spot.
  • the diffraction efficiency of the spot here, the diffraction efficiency of each diffraction output spot determined by the formula can also be understood as the diffraction efficiency of the first unit sub-spot included for the sub-diffraction output spot.
  • Wi 10 mm (mm)
  • S is 5 mm
  • T 15 mm
  • L 45 mm
  • the spot length of the single-diffraction output spot is 15 mm.
  • FIG. 3 shows a way to set the diffraction efficiency for a unit sub-spot of a single-diffraction output spot.
  • the horizontal axis represents the position of the unit sub-spot corresponding to the exit holographic grating
  • the vertical axis represents the diffraction efficiency.
  • the exit holographic grating can diffract three single-order diffracted output spots, each of which has a spot length of 15 mm, and each single-diffracted output spot includes six unit sub-spots.
  • the diffraction efficiency of the unit sub-spot is determined based on the output luminance of each unit sub-spot. For example, if the relative luminance of the first unit sub-spot of the first single-diffraction output spot shown in FIG. 2 is 0.5, the diffraction efficiency of the corresponding position of the first unit sub-spot (0 mm - 2.5 mm) is determined as 1/3. For other unit sub-spots, the output brightness corresponding to other unit sub-spots can be set as shown in FIG. For the setting of the other two diffraction efficiencies, see the above method.
  • the exit holographic grating in the system sets the structure of the outgoing holographic grating by the diffraction efficiency of the length of the unit sub-spot, thereby making the light intensity distribution of the output spot uniform.
  • the brightness of the spot light output by the system can be made uniform.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a head mounted display device, wherein the head mounted display device comprises part or all of the structure of any of the holographic waveguide display systems described in the above embodiments.
  • the head mounted display device, or included in the holographic waveguide display system can include a microdisplay that provides multiple fields of view.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

Un système d'affichage à guide d'ondes holographique, comprenant un réseau holographique incident (1), un réseau holographique d'émission (2) et un guide d'ondes planaire (3), le guide d'ondes planaire (3) comprenant un substrat de guide d'ondes (32) et au moins un film semi-transmissif de lumière (31) intégré dans une région de transmission du substrat de guide d'ondes (32), le réseau holographique incident (1) et le réseau holographique d'émission (2) étant liés à une surface horizontale latérale du substrat de guide d'ondes (32), une région de liaison du réseau holographique incident (1) correspondant à une région d'incidence du substrat de guide d'ondes (32), et une région de liaison du réseau holographique d'émission (2) correspondant à une région d'émission du substrat de guide d'ondes (32); une lumière de champ passe à travers le réseau holographique incident (1), le guide d'ondes planaire (3) et le réseau holographique d'émission (2) pour former un point lumineux de sortie, le point lumineux de sortie entrant dans les yeux humains; et l'ou les films semi-transmissifs de lumière (31) est utilisée pour modifier la direction de transmission d'au moins une partie de la lumière de champ dans la zone de transmission du substrat de guide d'ondes (32). Le système peut permettre à un faisceau lumineux ayant une période de transmission supérieure à la longueur du réseau holographique incident (1) pour former des points lumineux continus après avoir été diffracté par le réseau holographique d'émission (2).
PCT/CN2017/082774 2017-05-02 2017-05-02 Système d'affichage à guide d'ondes holographique Ceased WO2018201301A1 (fr)

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CN201780004640.1A CN108474951B (zh) 2017-05-02 2017-05-02 全息波导显示系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1685291A (zh) * 2002-09-30 2005-10-19 诺基亚有限公司 用于在显示设备中光束扩展的方法和系统
CN104937476A (zh) * 2013-02-15 2015-09-23 谷歌公司 头戴式显示器的光学组合器中的级联光学器件
WO2016084831A1 (fr) * 2014-11-27 2016-06-02 ソニー株式会社 Dispositif optique et dispositif d'affichage
CN105487170A (zh) * 2016-01-19 2016-04-13 东南大学 全息光波导及全息光波导显示装置
CN105549150A (zh) * 2016-03-04 2016-05-04 东南大学 一种全息波导显示装置
CN105938252A (zh) * 2016-07-04 2016-09-14 北京理工大学 增强现实显示系统

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CN108474951B (zh) 2020-12-25

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