WO2018220332A1 - Structure filtrante monolitique a membrane - Google Patents
Structure filtrante monolitique a membrane Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018220332A1 WO2018220332A1 PCT/FR2018/051257 FR2018051257W WO2018220332A1 WO 2018220332 A1 WO2018220332 A1 WO 2018220332A1 FR 2018051257 W FR2018051257 W FR 2018051257W WO 2018220332 A1 WO2018220332 A1 WO 2018220332A1
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- channels
- membrane
- support
- filtration structure
- structure according
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
- B01D63/066—Tubular membrane modules with a porous block having membrane coated passages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
- B01D2315/08—Fully permeating type; Dead-end filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
- B01D2325/0283—Pore size
- B01D2325/02834—Pore size more than 0.1 and up to 1 µm
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of filtering structures of inorganic material intended for the filtration of liquids, in particular structures coated with a membrane in order to separate particles or molecules from a liquid, more particularly from water, in particular from production water from oil extraction or shale gas.
- Filters have long been known using ceramic or non-ceramic membranes to filter various fluids, especially polluted water. These filters can work according to the principle of tangential filtration which makes it possible to limit the accumulation of particles, thanks to the longitudinal circulation of the fluid on the surface of the membrane. The particles remain in the flow of circulation whereas the liquid can cross the membrane under the effect of a pressure difference. This technique provides stability of performance and filtration level. It is more particularly recommended for the filtration of fluids heavily loaded with particles and / or molecules.
- Front-end filters typically have alternately blocked channels to provide inlet channels and outlet channels separated by filter walls through which the liquid to be filtered, which discharges as it passes through its molecules or particles, must pass through. the retentate which then accumulates in the inlet channels while the purified liquid escapes through the outlet channels or in part through the periphery of the filter if it is free.
- This technique is limited by the accumulation of particles and the formation of a cake on the surface of the filter media but has the advantage of avoiding the introduction of the recirculation circuit necessary for the tangential filtration technique.
- the filters considered according to the present invention are made from monolithic structures or tubular supports made of a porous inorganic material formed of walls delimiting longitudinal channels parallel to the axis of said supports.
- the inner surface of the channels is covered with a separating membrane.
- This membrane comprises, or even consists essentially of, a porous inorganic material, the nature and morphology of which are adapted to arrest the pollutant molecules or particles, insofar as their size is close to or greater than the median pore diameter of said membrane .
- the inlet channels are open to the passage of the liquid to be filtered on the upstream face
- US5114581 also discloses a frontal filter with a membrane whose channels can be plugged alternately in a non-regular pattern, and this filter is intended for the filtration of gas or even liquids.
- the presence of a microporous membrane allows the regeneration of the filter against the current and in particular counter-washing.
- no indication is provided in this publication on particular geometries for optimizing the filtration qualities of liquids.
- a membrane filter that is to say a filter comprising a porous support on the walls of which is deposited a membrane of filtration, in particular a filter of the frontal type, having a maximum filtration efficiency, that is to say having an optimized and maximized flow of the filtrate, with equal bulk and for the same essential characteristics of the wall of the support and the membrane .
- the applicant company has discovered that such an optimization of the filtrate flow was based on a combined adaptation of the different constituent elements of the filtering structure.
- the physical characteristics of the support, the physical characteristics of the membrane and the respective arrangement of the inlet and outlet channels of the fluids have to be adjusted together to obtain the maximum efficiency of the filtration.
- the present invention is therefore based on the principle of establishing a correlation between said geometric characteristics and certain essential characteristics of the filter membrane. Such a correlation had never been described so far.
- the present invention relates to a membrane filtration structure for the filtration of liquids, more particularly of the frontal filtration type, comprising at least one monolithic comprising:
- a support formed of a porous inorganic material of permeability K s , said support having a generally tubular shape having a main axis, an upstream face (or base), a downstream face (or base) (depending on the direction of circulation of the liquid ), a peripheral surface and an inner portion;
- said channels being plugged at one or the other of their upstream or downstream end in the direction of circulation of said liquid, to respectively define inlet channels and outlet channels for said liquid, so as to force said liquid through the porous walls separating the inlet and outlet channels;
- D ax (Axlog (K s xt m / K m) + B) (1) wherein: a is a coefficient within a range of between 0.0008 to 0.0013, preferably within a range between 0, 0008 to 0.0012, more preferably in a range of 0.0009 to 0.001 1;
- 0 c being the average hydraulic diameter of all the channels and Pi being the average thickness of the internal walls, D, t m , 0 C , pi being expressed in m, and K s and K m being expressed in m 2 ;
- D is defined, according to a plane of section perpendicular to the main axis of said structure, by the arithmetic average of the distances di between i portions of the membrane covering each input channel and the output channel closest to each portion i membrane, a portion i being defined as a division of said membrane into at least i parts of equal length, i being greater than 10, or even greater than 20, each di being measured from the central point of the inner surface of the portion of membrane in contact with the inner volume of said inlet channel to the point of the inner wall of an outlet channel closest to said membrane portion.
- Figure 2 According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, which can be combined with one another if necessary:
- the Ksxtm / Km ratio is between 0.0005 and 5, preferably between 0.001 and 1.
- the hydraulic diameter of the support is between 50 and 300 mm, preferably between 80 and 230 mm.
- the average hydraulic diameter of the channels 0c is between 0.5 and 8 mm, preferably between 0.5 and 7 mm, more preferably between 0.5 and 5 mm, preferably between 0, 5 and 4 mm, more preferably between 0.5 and 3 mm.
- the average thickness of the internal walls p; of the support is between 0.3 mm and 2 mm, preferably between 0.4 mm and 1.4 mm.
- Said structure is a frontal filtration filter.
- the support has a square, hexagonal or circular base.
- the filter has a length of between 200 and 1500 mm.
- the average thickness of the inner walls pi is between 0.3 and 2 mm.
- the support has an open porosity of between 20 and 70%.
- the support has a median pore diameter of between 10 nm and 50 ⁇ , preferably between 100 nm and 40 ⁇ , more preferably between 5 and
- the average thickness of the membrane t m is in a range from 0.1 to 300 ⁇ , preferably from 10 to 70 ⁇ .
- the membrane has an open porosity of between 10 and 70%.
- the membrane has a median pore diameter of between 10 nm and 5 ⁇ , preferably between 30 nm to 5 ⁇ , more preferably between 50 nm and 2000 nm and very preferably between 100 nm and 1000 nm.
- the median pore diameter of the membrane is less than the median pore diameter of the support by at least a factor of 10 (i.e., their ratio is less than 10), or even less by at least one factor 50 or even less by at least a factor of 100.
- the channels are of circular or polygonal section, in particular of square, hexagonal or octagonal section and square section.
- the outer peripheral wall of the support is not filtering
- the outer peripheral wall of the support may be filtering.
- the invention also relates to the use of a filter as defined above for the purification and / or separation of liquids in the field of chemistry, pharmaceutics, food, agri-food, bioreactors, or oil extraction or shale gas.
- the quantities are classically expressed in the units of the international system, namely in meters (m) for quantities D, t m , 0 C , pi and 0 f , and in square meters (m 2 ) for sizes K s and K m .
- the open porosity and the median pore diameter of the support according to the present invention are determined in known manner by mercury porosimetry.
- the porosity corresponding to the pore volume, is measured by mercury intrusion at 2000 bar using a mercury porosimeter such as the Autopore IV series 9500 Micromeritics porosimeter, on a 1 cm 3 sample taken from a block of support, the skin-excluding sample region typically extending up to 500 microns from the block surface.
- the applicable standard is ISO 15901-1.2005 part 1.
- the increase in pressure up to high pressure leads to "push" the mercury into pores of smaller and smaller size.
- the intrusion of mercury is conventionally done in two stages.
- a mercury intrusion is carried out at low pressure up to 44 psia (about 3 bar), using air pressure to introduce mercury into the larger pores (> 4 ⁇ ).
- a high-pressure intrusion is carried out with oil up to the maximum pressure of 30000 psia (about 2000 bar).
- a mercury porosimeter thus makes it possible to establish a pore size distribution by volume.
- the median pore diameter of the support corresponds to the threshold of 50% of the population by volume.
- the porosity of the membrane, corresponding to the total pore volume in the membrane, and the median pore diameter of the membrane are advantageously determined according to the invention using a scanning electron microscope.
- the porosity obtained for the membrane by this method can be likened to the open porosity.
- sections of a wall of the support are made in cross section so as to visualize the entire thickness of the coating over a cumulative length of at least 1.5 cm.
- the acquisition of the images is performed on a sample of at least 50 grains, preferably at least 100 grains.
- the area and the equivalent diameter of each of the pores are obtained from the images by conventional image analysis techniques, possibly after a binarization of the image to increase the contrast.
- a series of SEM images is taken from the support with its observed membrane layer in a cross-section (i.e. throughout the thickness of a wall). For more clarity, the pictures are taken on a polished section of the material. The acquisition of the image is performed over a cumulative length of the membrane layer at least equal to 1.5 cm, in order to obtain values representative of the entire sample.
- the images are preferably subjected to binarization techniques, well known in image processing techniques, to increase the contrast of the particle or pore contour.
- a measurement of its area is carried out.
- An equivalent diameter of pores or grain is determined, corresponding to the diameter of a perfect disk of the same area as that measured for said particle or for said pore (this operation may possibly be carried out using software especially dedicated Visilog® marketed by Noesis).
- a size distribution of particles or grains or pore diameter is thus obtained according to a conventional distribution curve and a median particle size and / or a median pore diameter constituting the membrane layer are thus determined, this median size or median diameter respectively corresponding to the equivalent diameter dividing said distribution into a first population comprising only particles or pores of equivalent diameter greater than or equal to this median size and a second population comprising particles of equivalent diameter less than this median size or this median diameter.
- the hydraulic diameter of the filter or of a channel is conventionally defined by the formula 4> ⁇ S / P, where S is the area of the overall section of the filter perpendicular to the main axis, or the channel section area perpendicular to the main axis, and P being the perimeter of this section.
- the shape of the support defines the general shape of the filter. It has an elongate tubular shape along a major axis and includes an upstream base, a downstream base, a peripheral surface, and an inner portion.
- the upstream and downstream bases of identical shapes and dimensions, can be of varied shape, for example square, hexagonal or circular. They are preferably circular.
- the face (or base) downstream is intended to be positioned on the side of the incoming liquid flow (liquid to be filtered) and the face (or base) upstream opposite the flow of liquid entering.
- Support typically has a hydraulic diameter f 0 of 50 to 300 mm, preferably 80-230 mm. The length of the support may be between 200 and 1500 mm.
- a plurality of channels parallel to the main axis of the support is formed in the inner portion of the support. These channels, also called filter channels, are plugged at either end to define inbound channels and outgoing channels in the direction of fluid flow.
- the incoming channels thus have an inlet face (upstream in the fluid flow direction) unobstructed and an outlet face plugged.
- the outgoing channels thus have a clogged face upstream face in the direction of flow of the fluids) -bouchée and an unobstructed face downstream front side of the filtration structure.
- the shape of the channels is not limited and they may have a polygonal section, including hexagonal or square or octagonal / square, or circular but preferably have a circular or square section.
- the average hydraulic diameter of the channels 0 C is generally 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 0.5 to 4 mm, more preferably between 0.5 and 3 mm.
- the filter can include several categories of channels, except for peripheral channels that can be truncated to fit the dimensions of the filter.
- a category of channels is defined by a set of channels having the same shape and a hydraulic diameter identical to +/- 5%.
- the filter may comprise a first category of channels consisting of channels located near the peripheral surface of the filter and a second category consisting of channels located in the center of the filter, the channels of the first category having a hydraulic diameter greater than those of the second category.
- a plurality of channels whose hydraulic diameter is different is defined the proper hydraulic diameter for each of the channels, as calculated from the previous formula (4> ⁇ S / P).
- a average hydraulic diameter 0 C of all the channels as the arithmetic average of the individual hydraulic diameters of all the channels present in the filter.
- the filter comprises only one category of channels.
- the channels are separated from each other by internal walls formed by the porous inorganic material of the support.
- the average thickness of the internal walls p is typically 0.3 to 2 mm, preferably 0.4 to 1.4 mm.
- the support is formed of a porous inorganic material, in particular a non-oxide ceramic material, such as SiC, in particular recrystallized SiC, SiO 3 N 4 , SiO 2 ON 2 , SiAlON, BN or a combination thereof.
- Its porosity is typically from 20 to 70%, preferably from 40 to 50%, and the median pore diameter from 5 nm to 50 ⁇ m, preferably from 100 nm to 40 ⁇ m, more preferably from 5 to 30 ⁇ m.
- Permeability K s support is preferably between 1.0x10 "15 and ⁇ , ⁇ . ⁇ " 12, preferably between 6,9.10 "15 and 3,4.10" u m 2.
- the filter also includes a membrane covering the inner surface of the channels.
- It is formed of a porous inorganic material, in particular a non-oxide ceramic material, such as SiC, in particular recrystallized SiC, SiO 3 N 4 , SiO 2 ON 2 , SiAlON, BN or a combination thereof.
- Its porosity is typically from 10 to 70% and the median pore diameter from 10 nm to 5 ⁇ m, preferably between 50 nm and 1 ⁇ m (1 micrometer).
- the permeability of the membrane K m is preferably from 10 -19 to 10 -14 m 2 . It typically has an average thickness t m from 0.1 to 300 ⁇ , preferably from 1 to 200 ⁇ , more preferably from 10 to 80 ⁇ .
- the filter according to the invention can be obtained by any technique well known to those skilled in the art.
- a conventional manufacturing process generally comprises the main steps of manufacturing the support and then deposition of the membrane.
- the support is preferably obtained by extruding a paste through a die and followed by drying and baking to sinter the support material and obtain the porosity and mechanical strength characteristics necessary for the support. application.
- a recrystallized SiC support it may in particular be obtained according to the following manufacturing steps: mixing a mixture comprising particles of silicon carbide with a purity greater than 98% and having a particle size such that 75% by weight of the particles has a diameter greater than 30 ⁇ m, the median diameter by mass of this size fraction measured by laser particle size being less than 300 ⁇ .
- the mixture also comprises an organic binder of the cellulose derivative type. Water is added and kneaded to obtain a homogeneous paste whose plasticity allows extrusion, the die being configured to obtain the monoliths according to the invention,
- the plugging of the monoliths can be carried out according to well-known techniques, for example those described in FIG. WO 2004/065088,
- the material obtained has an open porosity of 20 to 70%, preferably 40 to 50% by volume and a median pore diameter of the order of 5 nm to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 100 nm to 40 ⁇ m, more preferably from 5 to 30 ⁇ .
- the filter support is then coated with a membrane.
- the membrane may be deposited according to various techniques known to those skilled in the art: deposition from suspensions or slips, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or thermal spray deposition, for example plasma projection (plasma spraying).
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- plasma spraying plasma projection
- the membrane layer or layers are deposited by coating from slip or suspension.
- the membrane can be obtained by the deposition of several successive layers.
- the membrane rests on a first layer, called a primary layer, deposited in direct contact with the substrate.
- the primary acts as a layer of attachment.
- the slip used for the deposition of the primer preferably comprises between 30 and 70% by weight of SiC grains having a median diameter of 1 to 30 ⁇ , the complement being, for example, a metal silicon powder, silica and / or carbon powder.
- the membrane consists of a separating layer deposited on the primer layer. It is in this separating layer that the porosity is controlled in order to give the filter its selectivity.
- the slip used for the deposition of the separating layer may comprise between 30 and 70% by weight of SiC having a median diameter of 0.5 to 20 ⁇ or between 30 and 70% by weight, in total, of a mixture of silicon metal, silica and carbon, the balance being deionized water. Certain additives such as thickening agents, binding agents and / or dispersing agents may be added to the slips in order to control in particular their rheology.
- the viscosity of the slips is typically from 0.01 to 0.8 Pa.s, preferably from 0.05 to 0.7 Pa.s, measured at 22 ° C. under a shear rate of 1 s -1 according to the standard. DIN 53019-1: 2008 Slips can typically comprise from 0.1 to 1% of the mass of water of thickening agents preferably selected from cellulose derivatives, and may typically comprise from 0.1 to 5% of the weight of the slurry.
- the slip may also comprise from 0.01 to 1% of the SiC powder mass of selected dispersing agents of Preferably, one or more layers of slip may be deposited in order to form the membrane.
- the deposition of a slip layer typically makes it possible to obtain a membrane with a thickness of 0.1 to 80 ⁇ , but thicker membranes typically of 100 to 300 ⁇ can be e obtained by the deposition of several successive layers of slip.
- the thus coated support is then dried at room temperature typically for at least 30 minutes and then at 60 ° C for at least 24 hours.
- the supports thus dried are sintered at a firing temperature of typically between 1000 and 2200 ° C. under a non-oxidizing atmosphere, preferably under argon so as to obtain a membrane porosity measured by image analysis of 10 to 70% by volume and a median equivalent pore diameter measured by image analysis from 10 nm to 5 ⁇ .
- the periphery of the support is preferably coated with a membrane, in addition to the internal surface of the inlet channels.
- the filter according to the invention can be used for various applications for the purification of liquids and / or the separation of particles or molecules from a liquid.
- the filter according to the invention makes it possible to maximize the flow of filtrate independently of the viscosity of the liquid to be filtered. It can be used to filter liquids having, for example, a dynamic viscosity of 0.1 to 20 mPa.s or even 50 mPa.s.
- the dynamic viscosity of the fluid to be filtered can be measured at 20 ° C. under a shear gradient. 1 s "1 in accordance with DIN standard 53019-1: 2008.
- the present invention especially relates to the use of such a filter as described above for the purification of water production from oil extraction or It is also used in various industrial processes for the purification and / or separation of liquids in the chemical, pharmaceutical, food, agri-food or bioreactor fields, as well as in pool waters.
- Figure 1 illustrates an overview of a common filter (or filter) structure.
- Figure 2 is a front view of a portion of the upstream face of the filter which further illustrates the subject of the present invention.
- Figures 3 to 10 are also front views of a portion of the upstream face of the filter whose channel configuration is different.
- Figures 11 and 12 illustrate two modes of implementation of a filter according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a filter with frontal filtration comprising a support 1 of cylindrical shape having a main axis (X), an upstream face 2 and a downstream face 3, according to the direction of flow of the liquid to be filtered.
- a plurality of channels parallel to the main axis (X) are formed in the inner part of the support and separated from each other by porous internal walls, comprising input channels 4 open on the upstream face and output channels. 5 open on the downstream face, in the direction of circulation of the liquid.
- the inlet channels 4, opening on each of the upstream 2 and downstream 3 bases, are covered on their inner surface by a membrane (not shown in FIG. 1) and are plugged on their downstream face 3.
- the outlet channels 5 are blocked on their upstream face 2.
- FIG. 2 is a view of the upstream face of a filter for illustrating in more detail the object of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a central input channel 4 and several output channels 5 of the filter, as well as the filtering membrane 6 lining the inside of each input channel.
- This membrane is divided into i portions of equal length, as shown in FIG. 2.
- a distance d1 is determined from the central point 7 of the inner surface of the membrane portion in contact with the internal volume of said channel. inlet to the point 8 of the inner wall of an outlet channel closest to said membrane portion.
- different outlet channels 5 can and should be considered as a function of the position of the membrane portion i and the capping configuration and the geometry of the channels.
- the relevant distance D is the arithmetic average of the dies thus determined for all the portions i of all the input channels of each monolith.
- the number of portions chosen in the section plane is advantageously chosen according to the configuration of the channels and the number of output channels with respect to each input channel, but must be sufficient to be representative of the average path of the liquid coming from an inlet channel to an outlet channel, through the porous wall of the support.
- the number of di measurements per channel is greater than 10, or even greater than 20, preferably greater than 50, or even greater than 100. According to the invention, at least 20, preferably at least 50, are thus determined. or 100 di distances per input channel, for the calculation of D.
- FIG. 3 is a front view of the upstream face of a filtration filter whose inlet and outlet channels are of square section, according to a first configuration of the closure of the channels.
- Figures 4 to 7 are front views of the upstream face of a filter filter whose inlet and outlet channels are of square section, according to other configurations of the closure of the channels.
- Figures 8 to 10 are front views of the upstream face of a filter filter whose inlet and outlet channels are of hexagonal section, according to several configurations of the closure of the channels.
- Figures 11 and 12 illustrate two modes of operation of such filters:
- Figure 11 illustrates a longitudinal section (in a plane passing through the main axis) of a filter structure (or filter) inserted into a compartment (housing).
- Figure 12 shows a longitudinal section of a filter immersed in a reservoir of the liquid to be filtered.
- FIG. 11 describes a frontal filtration filter inserted into a compartment 10 comprising a support 1 of cylindrical shape having a main axis (X), an upstream face 2 and a downstream face 3.
- a plurality of channels parallel to the main axis ( X) are formed in the inner part of the support and separated from each other by porous internal walls, comprising inlet channels 4 open on the upstream face and outlet channels 5 open on the downstream face, in the direction of circulation of the liquid.
- the inlet channels 4, opening on each of the upstream 2 and downstream 3 bases, are covered on their inner surface by a membrane (6) and are plugged on their downstream face 3.
- the outlet channels 5 are plugged on their upstream face 2.
- the tightness of the system is ensured by a gasket 9.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram of a frontal filtration filter immersed in a tank 11 comprising the liquid to be filtered.
- the components of the filter are similar to those of FIG. 11, except that the filter further comprises a coating 6 'at its outer periphery so that the liquid to be filtered does not bypass the membrane passing through the periphery directly into a channel. peripheral output.
- This coating can be waterproof. If this coating is permeable, it includes at least the membrane.
- the seal in contact with the reservoir is provided by a seal 9.
- Examples of front filters according to the invention (Examples 1-3, 2-1, 3-4, 3-5 and 4-2) and comparative examples (1-1; 1-2; 2-2; 2- 3, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-5, 4-1 and 4-3) were prepared according to the methods described below.
- Example 1-1 comparative
- the support is extruded from this paste using a die to obtain a cylindrical green cylindrical block 150 mm in diameter and length 300 mm whose inner portion has a plurality of square section channels.
- the shape of the die is adapted to obtain square section channels having a hydraulic diameter of 1.8 mm and internal walls of average thickness of 400 microns.
- the raw monolith obtained is then dried to bring the water content not chemically bound to less than 1% by weight, then baked under argon to a temperature of 2100 ° C which is maintained for 5 hours.
- the support obtained has an open porosity of 35% and a median pore diameter of about 10 ⁇ , as measured by mercury porosimetry.
- the channels of the monolith are alternately blocked according to well-known techniques, for example described in application WO 2004/065088. So as to obtain a geometry capping as shown in Figure 3.
- the outer peripheral wall of the support is made non-filtering.
- a filtration membrane is then deposited on the inner surface of the channels.
- the deposition of the membrane is carried out by coating of slip.
- a primer of attachment of the membrane is constituted initially, from a slip whose mineral formulation comprises 48% by weight of a black SiC grain powder (SIKA DPF-C) whose median diameter D50 is about 10 micrometers, 32% by weight of a black SiC grain powder (SIKA FCP-07) whose median diameter D50 is about 2 micrometers, 13% by weight of a metal silicon grain powder whose median diameter D50 is about 4 micrometers, 7% of a carbon powder amorphous whose median diameter D 50 is about 1 micrometer.
- the mixture is mixed in a deionized water solution, the amount of water representing approximately 50% of the total mass of the mixture.
- the membrane separating layer (the membrane) is obtained from a slip whose mineral composition is as follows: 67% by weight of the powder of metallic silicon grains whose median diameter D50 is about 4 micrometers, 33% ) amorphous carbon powder whose median diameter D 50 is about 1 micrometer.
- the mixture is mixed in a deionized water solution, the amount of water representing approximately 50% of the total mass of the mixture.
- the supports are then dried at ambient temperature for 10 minutes and then at 60 ° C. for 12 hours. The thus dried supports are then baked in Argon at a temperature of 1470 ° C. for 4 hours at ambient pressure under argon.
- the primer and the membrane are deposited according to the same process.
- the slurry is introduced into a stirred tank at 20 rpm. After a light vacuum de-aeration phase, typically 25 mbar, while maintaining stirring, the tank is put in slight overpressure of about 0.8 bar in order to coat the interior of the support from the bottom to the high. This operation takes only a few seconds for a 300 mm long stand.
- the slip comes to coat the inner wall of the channels of the support and the excess is then discharged by gravity immediately after deposition.
- this primer layer does not affect the filtration performance of the filter, given its porosity characteristics (median pore diameter and overall porosity) greater than that of the membrane itself. which alone plays the role of a separating layer.
- the coated support is then dried at ambient temperature for 30 minutes and then at 60 ° C. for 30 hours.
- the thus dried coated carrier is then sintered at a temperature of 1300 ° C under an Argon atmosphere for 4 hours to obtain 40% membrane porosity with a median pore diameter of 100 nm.
- a filter was prepared in the same manner as that of Example 1-1 with the only difference that the plugging is carried out according to the configuration described in FIG. 4.
- a filter was prepared in the same way as that of Example 1-1 except that the plugging is carried out according to the configuration described in FIG.
- a filter was prepared in a manner identical to that of Example 1-1 except that the die was modified in order to obtain channels with a hydraulic diameter of 2.6 mm and an average thickness of internal walls of 800 microns. .
- the mixture for the extrusion of the support comprises 65% by weight of a first silicon carbide particle powder having a median diameter of approximately 1 1 ⁇ and 35% by weight of a second powder of carbide particles. silicon having a median diameter of about 0.9 ⁇ .
- a membrane layer of silicon carbide membrane is then deposited on the inner wall of the channels according to the method described below:
- a primer of attachment of the separating layer is constituted in a first step, from a slip whose mineral formulation comprises 30% by weight of a black SiC grain powder (Sika DPF-C) whose median diameter D50 is about 11 micrometers, 20% by weight of a black SiC grain powder (SIKA FCP-07) whose median diameter D50 is about 2.5 microns, and 50% water. deionized.
- a slurry of the material constituting the separating layer is also prepared, the formulation of which comprises 40% by weight of SiC grains (d 50 around 0.6 micrometer) and 60% of demineralized water.
- the rheology of the slips has been adjusted by adding the organic additives at 0.7 Pa.s under a shear rate of ls -1 , measured at 22 ° C. according to the DINC33-53019 standard.
- the slip is introduced into a tank with stirring (20 rpm). After a light vacuum de-aerating phase (typically 25 millibars) while maintaining stirring, the tank is pressurized approximately 0.7 bar in order to coat the interior of the support from its lower part until at its upper end. This operation takes only a few seconds for a support of 30 cm in length. Immediately after coating the slip on the inner wall of the support channels, the excess is removed by gravity.
- the carriers are then dried at room temperature for 10 minutes and then at 60 ° C for 12h and the channels are capped in the same manner as for the series of Examples 1-1 to 1-3.
- the thus dried supports are then baked in argon at a temperature of 1540 ° C. for 2 hours at ambient pressure.
- a filter was prepared in a manner identical to that of Example 2-1 with the difference that the die was modified to obtain channels with a hydraulic diameter of 1.9 mm and a wall thickness of 635 microns.
- the raw monolith obtained is baked to a temperature of 2200 ° C.
- the support obtained has an open porosity of 50% and a median pore diameter of about 35 ⁇ .
- a filter was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-1 except that the die was modified to obtain a hexagonal structure as shown in FIG. 8, the channels of which have a hydraulic diameter of 2, 0 mm and an average thickness of internal walls of 600 micrometers.
- the raw monolith obtained is baked to a temperature of 2130 ° C.
- the support obtained has an open porosity of 40% and a median pore diameter of about 9 ⁇ .
- the preparation of the separating membrane is carried out as for example 2.1 but the coated supports are then baked in argon at a temperature of 1480 ° C. instead of 1540 ° C.
- Examples 1-3, 2-1 and 3-4 according to the invention correspond to optimal structures whose configuration also depends on the physical characteristics of the membrane and the support. These examples highlight the importance of adapting the pattern and the number of incoming and outgoing channels of the filter according to the physical parameters of the filter, such as the shape of the channels, the average thickness of the internal walls, the average thickness of the membrane, the median pore diameter of the membrane and the porosity of the membrane or the support, so as to obtain a distance D according to the invention to maximize the flow of filtrate.
- the filters according to the invention thus dimensioned are characterized by an optimized and maximum flow of the filtrate as can be seen from the results reported in Table 1.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201880035930.7A CN110678251A (zh) | 2017-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | 具有膜的整件过滤结构 |
| JP2019566335A JP7191861B2 (ja) | 2017-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | 一体式メンブレンろ過構造体 |
| EP18732840.6A EP3630339A1 (fr) | 2017-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Structure filtrante monolitique a membrane |
| US16/617,718 US20200156008A1 (en) | 2017-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Monolithic membrane filtration structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1754822A FR3066924B1 (fr) | 2017-05-31 | 2017-05-31 | Structure filtrante a membrane |
| FR1754822 | 2017-05-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018220332A1 true WO2018220332A1 (fr) | 2018-12-06 |
Family
ID=62044757
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2018/051257 Ceased WO2018220332A1 (fr) | 2017-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Structure filtrante monolitique a membrane |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20200156008A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3630339A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP7191861B2 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN110678251A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3066924B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2018220332A1 (fr) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4060488A (en) | 1975-11-20 | 1977-11-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Particulate membrane ultrafiltration device |
| US4069157A (en) | 1975-11-20 | 1978-01-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Ultrafiltration device |
| EP0089751A1 (fr) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-09-28 | Corning Glass Works | Filtre pour particules solides |
| US5114581A (en) | 1991-01-10 | 1992-05-19 | Ceramem Corporation | Back-flushable filtration device and method of forming and using same |
| WO2004065088A1 (fr) | 2003-01-20 | 2004-08-05 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Procede de production d'un corps presentant une structure en nid d'abeille |
| EP1607131A1 (fr) * | 2003-03-24 | 2005-12-21 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Filtre en c ramique |
| US20080110341A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-15 | Thomas Dale Ketcham | Flow-through honeycomb substrate and exhaust after treatment system and method |
| WO2009121366A2 (fr) | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-08 | Povl Kaas | Unité de filtration avec banc filtrant |
| WO2017103473A1 (fr) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Filtre monolithique |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8814974B2 (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2014-08-26 | Corning Incorporated | Thin-walled porous ceramic wall-flow filter |
| EP2065575B1 (fr) | 2007-11-29 | 2012-08-15 | Corning Incorporated | Filtre en nids d'abeille à écoulement à travers des parois ayant une grande capacité de stockage et une faible contre-pression |
| JP5253261B2 (ja) | 2009-03-26 | 2013-07-31 | 日本碍子株式会社 | アルミナ質多孔質及びその製造方法 |
| GB2526310A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-25 | Imp Innovations Ltd | Monolith |
| FR3021231B1 (fr) * | 2014-05-22 | 2018-02-16 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Filtres tangentiels |
| JP2016093794A (ja) | 2014-11-14 | 2016-05-26 | 日本碍子株式会社 | セラミックフィルタ |
-
2017
- 2017-05-31 FR FR1754822A patent/FR3066924B1/fr active Active
-
2018
- 2018-05-31 US US16/617,718 patent/US20200156008A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-05-31 WO PCT/FR2018/051257 patent/WO2018220332A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2018-05-31 EP EP18732840.6A patent/EP3630339A1/fr active Pending
- 2018-05-31 JP JP2019566335A patent/JP7191861B2/ja active Active
- 2018-05-31 CN CN201880035930.7A patent/CN110678251A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4060488A (en) | 1975-11-20 | 1977-11-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Particulate membrane ultrafiltration device |
| US4069157A (en) | 1975-11-20 | 1978-01-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Ultrafiltration device |
| EP0089751A1 (fr) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-09-28 | Corning Glass Works | Filtre pour particules solides |
| US5114581A (en) | 1991-01-10 | 1992-05-19 | Ceramem Corporation | Back-flushable filtration device and method of forming and using same |
| WO2004065088A1 (fr) | 2003-01-20 | 2004-08-05 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Procede de production d'un corps presentant une structure en nid d'abeille |
| EP1607131A1 (fr) * | 2003-03-24 | 2005-12-21 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Filtre en c ramique |
| US20080110341A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-15 | Thomas Dale Ketcham | Flow-through honeycomb substrate and exhaust after treatment system and method |
| WO2009121366A2 (fr) | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-08 | Povl Kaas | Unité de filtration avec banc filtrant |
| EP2340100A2 (fr) * | 2008-04-03 | 2011-07-06 | Povl Kaas | Unité de filtration avec banc filtrant |
| WO2017103473A1 (fr) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Filtre monolithique |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110678251A (zh) | 2020-01-10 |
| US20200156008A1 (en) | 2020-05-21 |
| JP7191861B2 (ja) | 2022-12-19 |
| FR3066924B1 (fr) | 2019-07-12 |
| JP2020521634A (ja) | 2020-07-27 |
| EP3630339A1 (fr) | 2020-04-08 |
| FR3066924A1 (fr) | 2018-12-07 |
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