WO2019017067A1 - トレッド用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
トレッド用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019017067A1 WO2019017067A1 PCT/JP2018/019780 JP2018019780W WO2019017067A1 WO 2019017067 A1 WO2019017067 A1 WO 2019017067A1 JP 2018019780 W JP2018019780 W JP 2018019780W WO 2019017067 A1 WO2019017067 A1 WO 2019017067A1
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- 0 CN(*CC1OC1*)*CC1OC1* Chemical compound CN(*CC1OC1*)*CC1OC1* 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F136/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/02—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/04—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F136/06—Butadiene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/22—Incorporating nitrogen atoms into the molecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/25—Incorporating silicon atoms into the molecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/30—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule
- C08C19/42—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with metals or metal-containing groups
- C08C19/44—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with metals or metal-containing groups of polymers containing metal atoms exclusively at one or both ends of the skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F36/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/04—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F36/06—Butadiene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/42—Introducing metal atoms or metal-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/14—Polysulfides
- C08G75/16—Polysulfides by polycondensation of organic compounds with inorganic polysulfides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/06—Sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L81/02—Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L93/00—Compositions of natural resins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
- C08L93/04—Rosin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rubber composition for a tread and a pneumatic tire.
- the fracture energy (TB ⁇ EB ⁇ 0.5) represented by the breaking strength and the breaking elongation and the breaking elongation EB are generally used as indices of the tire's cut chipping resistance performance, for example, when the EB is 450% or more It is judged on the basis that good cut chipping resistance performance can be obtained.
- hysteresis friction force there are three elements of grip performance: (1) hysteresis friction force, (2) adhesive friction force, and (3) actual contact area with the road surface.
- the adhesive friction force is a method using the adhesive force of the adhesive substance which bleeds to the tire surface.
- the adhesive friction force is a method using the adhesive force of the adhesive substance which bleeds to the tire surface.
- tan ⁇ a contribution comparable to the hysteresis friction is recognized.
- the contribution of the actual contact area is high in the grip performance at the beginning of traveling. Tan ⁇ of 20 to 100 ° C. in dry conditions and ⁇ 10 to 10 ° C. in wet conditions is used. It is desired to provide a tire and an indicator excellent in initial wet grip performance while considering the above factors (1), (2) and (3).
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a rubber composition for a tread having excellent wet grip performance in the initial stage of running and tensile properties, and a pneumatic tire using the same.
- the present invention relates to a rubber composition for a tread, which comprises a diene rubber, silica, sulfur and / or a sulfur-containing compound and satisfies the following formulas (1) to (3).
- the rubber composition preferably satisfies the following formulas (1A) to (3A). EB / M300 ⁇ 70 (1A) M100 ⁇ 2.0 Mpa (2A) EB 550 550% (3A)
- the diene rubber contains modified styrene butadiene rubber and / or modified butadiene rubber. It is preferable that the diene rubber contains alkoxysilyl modified styrene butadiene rubber.
- the present invention also relates to a pneumatic tire having a tread made using the above rubber composition.
- the rubber composition preferably contains a sulfur-containing oligomer and / or a rosin resin.
- the invention also relates to a tire having a tread
- the present invention relates to a tire in which at least a portion of the tread satisfies the following formulas (1) to (3).
- the present invention since it is a rubber composition for a tread containing a diene rubber, silica, sulfur and / or a sulfur-containing compound and satisfying the above formulas (1) to (3), the wet grip at the initial stage of running It is possible to provide a pneumatic tire excellent in performance and tensile properties.
- the present invention is a tread rubber composition containing a diene rubber, sulfur and / or a sulfur-containing compound, and silica and satisfying the following formulas (1) to (3).
- EB 500 500% (3) As a result, it is possible to obtain excellent running initial wet grip performance, tensile properties, cut tipping performance, and steering stability.
- the temperature of the tire is also low at around the ambient temperature, and usually it is difficult for the rubber to contact the micro unevenness of the aggregate on the road surface, and it is difficult to obtain grip performance due to adhesion between the rubber and the road surface.
- the actual contact area is increased, and the adhesion is increased, which is considered to contribute to the improvement of the initial grip.
- Hs or M100
- the oligomer When a sulfur-containing oligomer is used, the oligomer has a high affinity to the polymer and has a molecular weight close to that of the polymer, so it is uniformly incorporated into the polymer and elemental sulfur, and further, a sulfur-promoter-zinc Since the fatty acid complex is formed and uniform interpolymer crosslinks can be formed, M300 becomes small, as a result, the formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied.
- Equations (1) to (3) are satisfied as a result of being easy to occur.
- the rubber composition (rubber composition after vulcanization) satisfies the following formula (1).
- EB / M 300 50 50 (1) When the EB [%] / M 300 [MPa] is 50 [% / MPa] or more, the actual contact area of the tread surface with the road surface becomes large, and there is a tendency for excellent running initial wet grip performance to be obtained. 55 or more are preferable, 70 or more are more preferable, and 75 or more are still more preferable.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 300 or less, more preferably 250 or less, and even more preferably 200 or less for a patterned general purpose tire.
- the rubber composition (rubber composition after vulcanization) satisfies the following formula (2).
- M100 is 1.7 Mpa or more, good steering stability, initial wet grip performance in running and tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- 2.0 Mpa or more is preferable and 2.2 Mpa or more is more preferable.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 4.0 MPa or less, and more preferably 3.5 MPa or less.
- the rubber composition (rubber composition after vulcanization) satisfies the following formula (3).
- EB 500 500% (3) If the EB is 500% or more, good chip cutability and crack growth tend to be obtained. 520% or more is preferable, 540% or more is more preferable, and 550% or more is still more preferable.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1000% or less, more preferably 800% or less, and still more preferably 700% or less.
- EB (elongation at break), M300 (300% modulus) and M100 (100% modulus) are values obtained by measuring the vulcanized rubber composition by a method based on JIS K6251: 2010 described in the examples. is there.
- the diene rubber used in the rubber composition is not particularly limited.
- isoprene rubber isoprene rubber (isoprene rubber (IR), epoxidized isoprene rubber, hydrogenated isoprene rubber, grafted isoprene rubber, natural rubber (NR), deproteinized Natural rubber (DPNR), high purity natural rubber (UPNR), epoxidized natural rubber (ENR), hydrogenated natural rubber (HNR), grafted natural rubber), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene Examples include isoprene butadiene rubber (SIBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and the like.
- SIBR isoprene butadiene rubber
- CR chloroprene rubber
- NBR acrylonitrile butadiene rubber
- SBR, BR, and isoprene rubber are preferable, combined use of BR and SBR is preferable, and modified BR and modified SBR are particularly preferable, from the viewpoint of wet grip performance at the initial stage of running, tensile properties and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- modified low cis BR for silica is preferable.
- modified low cis BR for silica modified low-cis BR for silica modified with a compound having an interaction with silica
- a functional group which interacts with silica preferably, nitrogen, oxygen and silicon
- At least one end of BR is a terminal-modified low cis BR modified with a compound (modifier) having the above functional group, a backbone modified low cis BR having the above functional group in the main chain, a backbone and an end
- Main chain terminal modified low cis BR having the above functional group for example, main chain terminal modified low cis BR having the above functional group in the main chain and modified at least one end with the above modifier, etc.
- Denatured low cis BR is preferred.
- Examples of the functional group include an amino group, an amide group, an alkoxysilyl group, an isocyanate group, an imino group, an imidazole group, a urea group, an ether group, a carbonyl group, an oxycarbonyl group, a sulfide group, a disulfide group, a sulfonyl group and a sulfinyl group And thiocarbonyl group, ammonium group, imide group, hydrazo group, azo group, diazo group, carboxyl group, nitrile group, pyridyl group, alkoxy group, hydroxyl group, oxy group, epoxy group and the like.
- these functional groups may have a substituent.
- 1, 2, 3 or 5 amino groups especially glycidyl amino group
- epoxy groups especially glycidyl amino group
- hydroxyl groups especially having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- alkoxysilyl groups preferably, alkoxysilyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- alkoxysilyl modified BR (BR modified with an alkoxysilyl group-containing modifier) is preferable, and in particular, low cis modified BR (S modified low cis) modified with a compound represented by the following formula BR) is preferred.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and each represents an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a silyloxy group, an acetal group, a carboxyl group (—COOH), a mercapto group (—SH) or derivatives thereof
- R 4 and R 5 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and R 4 and R 5 may combine to form a ring structure with a nitrogen atom, and n represents an integer.
- S-modified low cis BR examples include those described in JP-A-2010-111753 and the like.
- an alkoxy group is suitable (preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms).
- an alkyl group (preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms) is suitable.
- n is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 2 to 4, and further preferably 3.
- R 4 and R 5 combine to form a ring structure with a nitrogen atom, it is preferably a 4- to 8-membered ring.
- the alkoxy group also includes a cycloalkoxy group (such as cyclohexyloxy group) and an aryloxy group (such as phenoxy group and benzyloxy group).
- the compound represented by the above formula examples include 2-dimethylaminoethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-dimethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-dimethylaminoethyltriethoxysilane, 3-dimethylaminopropyltriethoxysilane, -Diethylaminoethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-diethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-diethylaminoethyltriethoxysilane, 3-diethylaminopropyltriethoxysilane and the like.
- 3-dimethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-dimethylaminopropyltriethoxysilane, and 3-diethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane are preferable from the viewpoint that the above-mentioned performance can be favorably improved.
- These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a conventionally known method such as the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-53768, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-57767, etc. is used it can.
- it can be modified by contacting butadiene rubber with the compound, and specifically, after preparation of butadiene rubber by anionic polymerization, a predetermined amount of the compound is added to the rubber solution to polymerize the terminal of butadiene rubber (activity And the like, and the like.
- a low cis modified butadiene rubber modified with a low molecular compound containing a glycidyl amino group in the molecule is also preferable.
- low cis modified butadiene rubber modified with a low molecular weight compound represented by the following formula can be suitably used.
- R 11 and R 12 are the same or different and each represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the hydrocarbon group is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethers and tertiary amines
- R 13 and R 14 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the hydrocarbon group is selected from an ether
- a tertiary amine R 15 may be a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- the hydrocarbon group may be ether, tertiary amine, epoxy, carbonyl,
- m represents an integer of 1 to 6
- R 11 and R 12 are each preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms).
- R 13 and R 14 are preferably hydrogen atoms.
- R 15 includes a hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 8 carbon atoms), and is preferably a cycloalkyl group or a cycloalkylene group represented by the following formula, etc. Cycloalkylene groups are more preferred.
- m is preferably 2 to 3.
- the compound represented by the above formula include tetraglycidylmetaxylenediamine, tetraglycidylaminodiphenylmethane, tetraglycidyl-p-phenylenediamine, diglycidylaminomethylcyclohexane, tetraglycidyl-1,3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane and the like. It is preferably used.
- a low-cis modified butadiene rubber modified with a low molecular weight compound containing a glycidyl amino group in the molecule a low molecular weight compound containing a glycidyl amino group in the molecule, and an oligomer or higher oligomer of this low molecular weight compound More preferred is a low cis modified butadiene rubber (A modified low cis BR) modified with a mixture of Examples of the A-modified low cis BR include those described in JP-A-2009-275178 and the like.
- the oligomer is preferably a dimer to a 10-mer of the low molecular weight compound.
- the said low molecular weight compound is an organic compound whose molecular weight is 1000 or less, and the compound of a following formula is mentioned as a suitable thing.
- R is a divalent hydrocarbon group or a polar group containing oxygen such as ether, epoxy, ketone etc., a polar group containing sulfur such as thioether, thioketone etc., a polarity containing nitrogen such as tertiary amino group, imino group etc. It is a divalent organic group having at least one polar group selected from groups.
- the divalent hydrocarbon group may be a saturated or unsaturated linear, branched or cyclic group, and includes, for example, an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, a phenylene group and the like.
- Examples include m-xylene, p-xylene, bis (phenylene) -methane and the like.
- the low molecular weight compound represented by the above formula examples include tetraglycidyl-1,3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane, N, N, N ′, N′-tetraglycidyl-m-xylenediamine, 4,4-methylene -Bis (N, N-diglycidylaniline), 1,4-bis (N, N-diglycidylamino) cyclohexane, N, N, N ', N'-tetraglycidyl-p-phenylenediamine, 4,4' -Bis (diglycidylamino) benzophenone, 4- (4-glycidylpiperazinyl)-(N, N-diglycidyl) aniline, 2- [2- (N, N-diglycidylamino) ethyl] -1-glycidyl pyrrolidine Etc.
- tetraglycidyl-1,3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane N
- the dimer represented by a following formula and the trimer represented by a following formula are mentioned as a suitable example.
- the content of the low molecular compound is 75 to 95 mass%, and the content of the oligomer is 25 to 5 mass in 100 mass% of the modifier (mixture) % Is preferred.
- the ratio of the low molecular weight compound to the oligomer component in the modifier can be measured by GPC. Specifically, a column capable of measuring from low molecular weight compounds to oligomer components is selected and measured. In the obtained peak, a perpendicular is drawn from the first inflection point on the polymer side of the low molecular compound-derived peak, and the area ratio of the low molecular side component to the polymer side component is determined. This area ratio corresponds to the ratio of the low molecular weight compound to the oligomer component.
- the polymer side peak of the oligomer component has a molecular weight 10 times or less of the molecular weight of the low molecular weight compound determined from the standard polystyrene conversion molecular weight or a point 10 molecular times or less of the molecular weight of the low molecular weight compound If the component peak is zero by then, integration is performed up to the point where the component peak is zero.
- the reaction of a polymer of butadiene having an active end synthesized by anionic polymerization using a polymerization initiator such as a lithium compound with a modifier is carried out by reacting the modifier with the active end of the polymer.
- the method of modifying butadiene rubber with a low molecular weight compound containing a glycidyl amino group in the molecule, or a mixture of the compound and an oligomer thereof can be carried out according to the above-mentioned modification method.
- the cis content of the modified low cis BR for silica is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 45% by mass or less, and still more preferably 40% by mass or less.
- the lower limit of the cis content is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20% by mass or more. By setting the content to 10% by mass or more, a favorable breaking elongation tends to be obtained.
- the vinyl content of the modified low-cis BR for silica is preferably 35% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less. By setting the vinyl content to 35% by mass or less, there is a tendency that a favorable breaking elongation EB can be obtained.
- the lower limit of the vinyl content is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the modified low cis BR for silica is preferably at least 200,000, more preferably at least 400,000. By setting it to 200,000 or more, there is a tendency for good elongation at break to be obtained. Mw is preferably 900,000 or less, more preferably 700,000 or less. By setting it to 900,000 or less, good dispersibility can be obtained, and sufficient elongation at break tends to be obtained.
- the cis content (cis-1,4-linked butadiene unit amount) and vinyl content (1,2-linked butadiene unit amount) of the polymer can be measured by infrared absorption spectroscopy.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the number average molecular weight (Mn) are gel permeation chromatograph (GPC) (Tosoh Corp. GPC-8000 series, detector: differential refractometer, column: Tosoh Corp.) It can obtain
- the content of the modified low cis BR for silica in 100% by mass of the diene rubber is preferably 8% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and still more preferably 12% by mass or more.
- the content is preferably 40% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, and still more preferably 25% by mass or less.
- the other BRs are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include BR1220 manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd., BR150B manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd. and other high cis content BRs, VCR 412 manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd., VCR 617 etc.
- BRs containing 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene crystals (SPB), butadiene rubbers synthesized using a rare earth element-based catalyst (rare earth-based BR), and the like can be used generally in the tire industry.
- Tin-modified butadiene rubber modified with a tin compound (tin-modified BR (modified BR for carbon black)) (for example, polymerized using lithium as an initiator, vinyl bond content is 5 to 50% by mass, Mw / Mn is 2
- modified butadiene rubbers such as tin-modified BR having a content of tin atoms of 50 to 3000 ppm).
- rare earth BR is preferable.
- the rare earth BR is a butadiene rubber synthesized using a rare earth catalyst and is characterized by having a high cis content and a low vinyl content.
- As the rare earth-based BR general-purpose products in tire manufacture can be used.
- rare earth element-based catalyst known ones can be used, and examples thereof include a lanthanum series rare earth element compound, an organic aluminum compound, an aluminoxane, a halogen-containing compound, and a catalyst containing a Lewis base as needed.
- an Nd-based catalyst using a neodymium (Nd) -containing compound as a lanthanum series rare earth element compound is particularly preferable.
- Examples of the lanthanum series rare earth element compounds include halides, carboxylates, alcoholates, thioalcoholates and amides of rare earth metals of atomic numbers 57 to 71.
- the use of an Nd-based catalyst is preferable in that BR having a high cis content and a low vinyl content can be obtained.
- the organic aluminum compound is represented by AlR a R b R c (wherein, R a , R b and R c are the same or different and each represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms). You can use one.
- Examples of the aluminoxane include chain aluminoxanes and cyclic aluminoxanes.
- halogen-containing compound AlX k R d 3-k (wherein, X is a halogen, R d is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group or an aralkyl group, k is 1, 1.5, 2 or 3)
- Strontium halides such as Me 3 SrCl, Me 2 SrCl 2 , MeSrHCl 2 , MeSrCl 3 and the like; and metal halides such as silicon tetrachloride, tin tetrachloride, titanium tetrachloride and the like.
- the Lewis base is used to complex a lanthanum series rare earth element compound, and acetylacetone, ketone, alcohol and the like are suitably used.
- the above rare earth element-based catalyst may be used in the form of silica, magnesia, magnesium chloride, etc. even when used in the state of being dissolved in an organic solvent (n-hexane, cyclohexane, n-heptane, toluene, xylene, benzene, etc.) in the polymerization of butadiene. It may be supported on a suitable carrier of
- the polymerization conditions may be either solution polymerization or bulk polymerization, the preferred polymerization temperature is ⁇ 30 to 150 ° C., and the polymerization pressure may be optionally selected depending on other conditions.
- the ratio (Mw / Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the rare earth based BR is preferably 1.2 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more.
- the Mw / Mn is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 4 or less, still more preferably 3 or less, particularly preferably 2 or less, and most preferably 1.9 or less. Below the upper limit, good tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- the Mw of the above-mentioned rare earth-based BR is preferably 200,000 or more, more preferably 250,000 or more, and preferably 900,000 or less, more preferably 600,000 or less.
- Mn of the above-mentioned rare earth-based BR is preferably 100,000 or more, more preferably 150,000 or more, and preferably 800,000 or less, more preferably 700,000 or less.
- the cis content of the rare earth BR is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 93% by mass or more, and still more preferably 95% by mass or more. By setting the content to the lower limit or more, good tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- the vinyl content of the rare earth BR is preferably 1.8% by mass or less, more preferably 1.0% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.3% by mass or less. Below the upper limit, good tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- the content of the rare earth BR in 100% by mass of the diene rubber is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, still more preferably 12% by mass It is above.
- the content is preferably 40% by mass or less, more preferably 35% by mass or less, and still more preferably 30% by mass or less. Below the upper limit, good tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- the content of BR in 100% by mass of the diene rubber is preferably 8% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and still more preferably 15% by mass or more.
- the content is preferably 60% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less, and still more preferably 30% by mass or less.
- SBR is not particularly limited, and modified styrene butadiene rubber for silica modified with a compound having an interaction with emulsion polymerized SBR (E-SBR), solution polymerized SBR (S-SBR), and silica (modified SBR for silica Etc.). Among them, modified SBR for silica is preferable.
- modified SBR for silica one obtained by replacing butadiene rubber, which is a skeletal component of the above-mentioned modified BR for silica, with styrene butadiene rubber may be used.
- alkoxysilyl modified SBR SBR modified with an alkoxysilyl group-containing modifier
- modified butadiene modified with the compound represented by the formula in the above S modified low cis BR Rubber S-modified SBR
- S-SBR polymerization end (active end) of solution-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber
- S-SBR solution-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber
- modified SBR described in the above-mentioned patent application are preferably used.
- the bound styrene content of the modified SBR for silica is preferably 40% by mass or less, more preferably 35% by mass or less, and still more preferably 30% by mass or less. Further, the bound styrene content of the modified SBR for silica is preferably 15% by mass or more, and more preferably 23% by mass or more. The amount of styrene is calculated by H 1 -NMR measurement.
- the content of the modified SBR for silica in 100% by mass of the diene rubber is preferably 8% by mass or more, more preferably 15% by mass or more, still more preferably 20 It is mass% or more.
- the upper limit of the content is not particularly limited, and may be 100% by mass, preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 75% by mass or less, still more preferably 72% by mass or less, particularly preferably 70% by mass or less .
- the content of SBR in 100% by mass of the diene rubber is 25% by mass or more, preferably 30% by mass or more, and more preferably 35% by mass or more.
- the content of the SBR is 100% by mass or less, preferably 90% by mass or less, and more preferably 85% by mass or less.
- the silica is not particularly limited, and for example, dry method silica (anhydrous silica), wet method silica (hydrous silica) and the like can be used, but wet method silica (hydrous silica) is preferable because it has many silanol groups. .
- dry method silica anhydrous silica
- wet method silica hydrophilic silica
- wet method silica hydrophilica
- silica is preferable because it has many silanol groups.
- commercially available products products such as Degussa, Rhodia, Tosoh Silica Corporation, Solvay Japan Ltd., Tokuyama Corporation can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of silica is preferably 80 m 2 / g or more, more preferably 115 m 2 / g or more, and still more preferably 150 m 2 / g or more.
- N 2 SA nitrogen adsorption specific surface area
- the N 2 SA of silica is a value measured by the BET method according to ASTM D3037-93.
- the content of silica is preferably 50 parts by mass or more, more preferably 80 parts by mass or more, and still more preferably 90 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of diene rubber. Thereby, sufficient reinforcement can be obtained, and there is a tendency for good running initial wet grip performance to be obtained.
- the upper limit of the content is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 parts by mass or less, more preferably 150 parts by mass or less, and still more preferably 140 parts by mass or less. By setting the content to the upper limit or less, a favorable dispersion of silica tends to be easily obtained.
- silane coupling agent any silane coupling agent conventionally used in combination with silica can be used in the rubber industry without particular limitation.
- any silane coupling agent conventionally used in combination with silica can be used in the rubber industry without particular limitation.
- the content thereof is preferably 2 parts by mass or more, more preferably 5 parts by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica.
- the content is preferably 20 parts by mass or less, more preferably 15 parts by mass or less.
- the rubber composition may contain other fillers such as carbon black, calcium carbonate, talc, alumina, clay, aluminum hydroxide and mica. Among them, carbon black is preferably contained from the viewpoint of wet grip performance at the initial stage of traveling and tensile properties.
- Examples of usable carbon black include, but are not limited to, N134, N110, N220, N234, N219, N339, N330, N326, N351, N550, N762 and the like.
- products such as Asahi Carbon Co., Ltd., Cabot Japan Co., Ltd., Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd., Lion Co., Ltd., Nippon Steel Carbon Co., Ltd., Columbia Carbon Co., Ltd. are used. it can. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of carbon black is preferably 50 m 2 / g or more, more preferably 80 m 2 / g or more, and still more preferably 100 m 2 / g or more.
- N 2 SA nitrogen adsorption specific surface area
- the content of carbon black is preferably 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 3 parts by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of diene rubber. As a result, it is possible to obtain ultraviolet deterioration prevention, and there is a tendency for good running initial wet grip performance to be obtained. Also, it is preferably 30 parts by mass or less, more preferably 25 parts by mass or less, and still more preferably 20 parts by mass or less. Thereby, good carbon black dispersibility and wet grip performance tend to be obtained.
- the content of the filler in the total 100% by mass of the rubber composition is preferably 30% by mass or more, more preferably 35% by mass or more, and 37% by mass from the viewpoint of wet grip performance at the initial stage of running and tensile properties. The above is more preferable.
- blend resin resin (resin)
- said rubber composition from the point that favorable driving
- the softening point of the resin is preferably -10 to 170 ° C. By setting the content in the above range, the compatibility with the diene rubber tends to be good.
- the softening point is more preferably 0 ° C. or more, further preferably 10 ° C. or more. Moreover, 160 degrees C or less is more preferable, 150 degrees C or less is further more preferable, and 140 degrees C or less is still more preferable.
- the softening point is a temperature at which the softening point defined in JIS K 6220: 2001 is measured by a ring and ball type softening point measuring device and the sphere is lowered.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin is preferably ⁇ 40 to 100 ° C. By setting the content in the above range, the compatibility with the diene rubber tends to be good.
- the glass transition temperature is more preferably ⁇ 30 ° C. or higher.
- Tg can be measured using a differential scanning calorimeter according to JIS K7121.
- the resin examples include aromatic vinyl polymers, coumarone indene resins, indene resins, rosin resins, terpene resins, acrylic resins and the like.
- Commercially available products include Maruzen Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd., Yashara Chemical Co., Ltd., Tosoh Co., Ltd., Rutgers Chemicals, BASF, Arizona Chemical Co., Nippon Paint Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan Products such as Catalyst, JX Energy Co., Ltd., Arakawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Taoka Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Toagosei Co., Ltd., etc. can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, aromatic vinyl polymers, coumarone indene resins, terpene resins and rosin resins are preferable.
- the above-mentioned aromatic vinyl polymer is a resin obtained by polymerizing ⁇ -methylstyrene and / or styrene, and a homopolymer of styrene, a homopolymer of ⁇ -methylstyrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene and styrene A copolymer etc. are mentioned. Among them, copolymers of ⁇ -methylstyrene and styrene are preferred.
- the above-mentioned coumarone-indene resin is a resin containing coumarone and indene as main monomer components constituting the skeleton (main chain) of the resin, and as a monomer component contained in the skeleton besides coumarone and indene, styrene, ⁇ -Methylstyrene, methyl indene, vinyl toluene and the like.
- the said indene resin is resin which contains indene as a main monomer component which comprises frame
- Non-modified rosins include tall rosin (also known as tall oil rosin), gum rosin, wood rosin, asymmetric rosin, polymerized rosin, hydrogenated rosin, and other chemically modified rosins.
- the rosin modified product is a modified product of non-modified rosin and includes rosin esters, unsaturated carboxylic acid modified rosins, unsaturated carboxylic acid modified rosin esters, amide compounds of rosin, amine salts of rosin and the like.
- the rosin-based resin does not have an excessively high content of carboxyl groups, and has an appropriate acid value.
- the acid value of the rosin resin is usually more than 0 mg KOH / g, for example, 200 mg KOH / g or less, preferably 100 mg KOH / g or less, more preferably 30 mg KOH / g or less, still more preferably 10 mg KOH / g or less It is.
- an acid value can be measured based on the Example mentioned later.
- terpene resin a polyterpene resin obtained by polymerizing a terpene compound, an aromatic modified terpene resin obtained by polymerizing a terpene compound and an aromatic compound, and the like can be used. Also, these hydrogenates can be used.
- the polyterpene resin is a resin obtained by polymerizing a terpene compound.
- the terpene compound is a hydrocarbon represented by a composition of (C 5 H 8 ) n and an oxygen-containing derivative thereof, and a monoterpene (C 10 H 16 ), a sesquiterpene (C 15 H 24 ), a diterpene (C 20 H) 32 )
- the pinene resin which uses the terpene compound mentioned above as a raw material, limonene resin, a dipentene resin, a pinene / limonene resin etc. are mentioned.
- pinene resin is preferable from the viewpoint that polymerization reaction is easy and that natural pine resin is a raw material and inexpensive.
- pinene resin usually contains both ⁇ -pinene and ⁇ -pinene in an isomer relationship, ⁇ -pinene resin mainly composed of ⁇ -pinene and ⁇ - It is classified into ⁇ -pinene resin containing pinene as a main component.
- the terpene phenol resin which uses the said terpene compound and a phenol type compound as a raw material the terpene styrene resin which uses the said terpene compound and a styrene compound as a raw material is mentioned.
- terpene phenol styrene resin which uses the said terpene compound, a phenol type compound, and a styrenic compound as a raw material can also be used.
- a phenol type compound a phenol, bisphenol A, cresol, xylenol etc. are mentioned, for example.
- examples of the styrene compound include styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene.
- the content of the resin in the rubber composition is preferably 3 parts by mass or more, more preferably 7 parts by mass or more, and 9 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber from the viewpoint of wet grip performance at the initial stage of running.
- the above is more preferable.
- the content is preferably 50 parts by mass or less, more preferably 40 parts by mass or less, and still more preferably 37 parts by mass or less.
- An oil may be blended with the rubber composition. By blending the oil, the processability is improved, the tire can be softened, and good running initial wet grip performance can be imparted.
- the oils include, for example, process oils, vegetable oils and fats, or mixtures thereof.
- process oil for example, paraffin-based process oil, aroma-based process oil, naphthene-based process oil and the like can be used.
- Vegetable fats and oils include castor oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, coconut oil, peanut oil, rosin, pine oil, pine tar, tall oil, corn oil, corn oil, vegetable oil, sesame oil, Olive oil, sunflower oil, palm kernel oil, soy sauce, jojoba oil, macadamia nut oil, soy sauce and the like can be mentioned.
- the content of oil is preferably 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 3 parts by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of diene rubber. Moreover, Preferably it is 40 mass parts or less, More preferably, it is 30 mass parts or less. By setting the content in the above range, good initial wet grip performance and tensile properties tend to be obtained. In the present specification, the content of oil also includes the amount of oil contained in the oil-extended rubber.
- the total content of the resin and the oil is preferably 10 parts by mass or more, more preferably 15 parts by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber. Also, it is preferably 60 parts by mass or less, more preferably 50 parts by mass or less. By setting it in the above range, the running initial wet grip performance tends to be improved.
- the rubber composition comprises sulfur (a sulfur vulcanizing agent) and / or a sulfur containing compound.
- Sulfur includes powdery sulfur, precipitated sulfur, colloidal sulfur, insoluble sulfur, highly dispersible sulfur, soluble sulfur and the like generally used in the rubber industry.
- products such as Tsurumi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Karuizawa Sulfur Co., Ltd., Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., Flexis Japan Co., Ltd., Nippon Hyoruri Kogyo Co., Ltd., Hosoi Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the sulfur (sulfur vulcanizing agent) relative to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber is preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.6 parts by mass or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5.0 parts by mass or less, more preferably 3.0 parts by mass or less, and still more preferably 2.5 parts by mass or less. Within the above range, good initial wet grip performance and tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- a sulfur-containing compound a compound having a crosslinkability containing sulfur can be used.
- a sulfur-containing oligomer is preferable from the viewpoint of wet grip performance, tensile properties, and tensile properties after aging.
- the sulfur-containing oligomer preferably has a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 4,000 or more by GPC using a chloroform solvent. Since the sulfur-containing oligomer having a Mw of 4000 or more has a rubber-like shape, the affinity and mixing with a diene rubber such as SBR and BR are extremely good, and the dispersibility in the diene rubber is very good. Thus, wet grip performance and tensile properties tend to be improved.
- the lower limit of Mw is preferably 8,000 or more, more preferably 10,000 or more.
- the upper limit of Mw is not particularly limited, and correct molecular weight measurement is difficult because of molecular cleavage by solvent, but the molecular weight similar to SBR or NR, that is, preferably 2,000,000 or less, more preferably 1.6 million or less, still more preferably It is less than 1.4 million. Further, the upper limit of Mw may be 100,000 or less, 80,000 or less, 50,000 or less.
- Mw is Mw of polystyrene conversion at the time of performing the GPC (gel permeation chromatography) measurement using chloroform as a solvent, and is specifically the value measured by the method of the below-mentioned Example.
- the sulfur-containing oligomer preferably has a sulfur element content of 10 to 95% by mass from the viewpoint of wet grip performance and tensile properties.
- the lower limit is more preferably 30% by mass or more, further preferably 40% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 45% by mass or more. 90 mass% or less is more preferable, and, as for the upper limit, 75 mass% or less is still more preferable.
- the sulfur-containing oligomer preferably has a repeating unit represented by the following formula (I). (Wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted divalent hydrocarbon group which may contain a heteroatom. X (average value) is 1.0 to 10.0).
- the substituted or unsubstituted divalent hydrocarbon group which may contain a hetero atom of R may be a linear, cyclic or branched group, and a linear group is particularly preferable.
- the hetero atom is not particularly limited, and oxygen, nitrogen and the like can be mentioned.
- the carbon number of the divalent hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, preferably 20 or less, more preferably 18 or less, still more preferably 12 or less, particularly preferably 8 or less.
- an alkylene group containing a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and a substituted or unsubstituted oxyalkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the substituent of the bivalent hydrocarbon group of R is not specifically limited, Functional groups, such as a hydroxyl group, a phenyl group, and a benzyl group, are mentioned.
- substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms include substituted or unsubstituted methylene group, ethylene group, trimethylene group, tetramethylene group, pentamethylene group, hexamethylene group, octylene group, nonylene group , Decylene group, 1,2-propylene group and the like.
- Examples of the alkylene group containing a substituted or unsubstituted oxyalkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms include a group represented by (CH 2 CH 2 O) p , a group represented by (CH 2 ) q and (CH 2 O) r And an alkylene group containing an oxyalkylene group to which a group represented by (p is an integer of 1 to 5; q is an integer of 0 to 2; r is an integer of 0 to 2) is optionally bonded.
- Preferred groups -CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 -, - (CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, - (CH 2 CH 2 O) 3 CH 2 CH 2 -, - (CH 2 CH 2 O) 4 CH 2 CH 2 -,-(CH 2 CH 2 O) 5 CH 2 CH 2 -,-(CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 CH 2- , -CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 -Etc.
- x is, on average, 1.0 to 10.0, preferably 2.0 or more, more preferably 3.0 or more, still more preferably 3.5 or more, preferably 6.0 or less, more preferably It is 5.0 or less, more preferably 4.5 or less.
- the number n (average value) of repeating units represented by the above formula (I) is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 20 or more, still more preferably 35 or more, preferably 1000 or less, more preferably 400 or less, and further Preferably it is 110 or less.
- the sulfur-containing oligomer preferably has a polar parameter SP value of 12.5 or less.
- the upper limit of the SP value is preferably 12.0 or less, more preferably 11.5 or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 7.0 or more, more preferably 8.0 or more, still more preferably 9.0 or more, particularly preferably 10.0 or more, and most preferably 10.5 or more.
- the polar parameter SP value means a solubility parameter (Solubility Parameter) calculated by the Hoy method based on the structure of a compound.
- the Hoy method is, for example, K.K. L. Hoy “Table of Solubility Parameters”, Solvent and Coatings Materials Research and Development Department, Union Carbites Corp. (1985).
- the sulfur-containing oligomer is preferably obtained by reacting a dihalogen compound represented by the following formula (I-1) and an alkali metal polysulfide represented by the following formula (I-2).
- H is the same or different and is a halogen atom.
- R is a substituted or unsubstituted divalent hydrocarbon group which may contain a heteroatom.
- M is an alkali metal.
- X (average value) is 1.0 to 10.0.)
- examples of the halogen atom of H include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, and among them, chlorine and bromine are preferable.
- the substituted or unsubstituted divalent hydrocarbon group which may contain a hetero atom of R is as defined above.
- the dihalogenated compound is preferably 2,2'-dichloroethyl ether (bis (2-chloroethyl) ether).
- examples of the alkali metal of M include sodium, potassium, lithium and the like.
- x average value is as described above.
- a dihalogen compound of formula (I-1) and an alkali metal polysulfide of formula (I-2) in an incompatible solvent mixture of a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent (2)
- a dihalogen compound of the formula (I-1) is reacted with the alkali metal polysulfide. It can be prepared by a method of adding and reacting at such a rate that reaction occurs at the interface.
- the reaction of the dihalogen compound and the alkali metal polysulfide is equivalent reaction, and the dihalogen compound: the alkali metal polysulfide is 0.95: 1.0 to It is preferable to make it react by 1.0: 0.95 (equivalent ratio).
- the reaction temperature is preferably 50 to 120 ° C., more preferably 70 to 100 ° C.
- the hydrophilic solvent and the hydrophobic solvent are not particularly limited, and any solvent which forms two phases incompatible in the reaction system can be used.
- the hydrophilic solvent include water; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol; and the like.
- the hydrophobic solvent include aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene and benzene; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane and hexane; ethers such as dioxane and dibutyl ether; esters such as ethyl acetate; .
- the hydrophilic solvent and the hydrophobic solvent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a catalyst is not particularly required, but may be added as needed.
- quaternary ammonium salts, phosphonium salts, crown ethers and the like can be used.
- Sulfur-containing oligomers having a weight-average molecular weight of 4,000 or more in polystyrene conversion by GPC using a chloroform solvent (2) Sulfur-containing oligomers having a sulfur element content of 10 to 95% by mass, (3) Furthermore, a sulfur-containing oligomer having a repeating unit represented by the above formula (I), (4) and a sulfur-containing oligomer having an SP value of 12.5 or less can also be prepared by the above-mentioned process.
- the content of the sulfur-containing oligomer is preferably 0.4 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.6 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10.0 parts by mass or less, more preferably 8.0 parts by mass or less, and still more preferably 6.0 parts by mass or less. Within the above range, good initial wet grip performance and tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- the total content of the sulfur (sulfur vulcanizing agent) and the sulfur-containing oligomer is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.7 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber. It is above.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10.0 parts by mass or less, more preferably 8.0 parts by mass or less, and still more preferably 6.0 parts by mass or less. Within the above range, good initial wet grip performance and tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- the rubber composition may further contain another crosslinking agent such as a hybrid crosslinking agent.
- the rubber composition preferably contains a vulcanization accelerator from the viewpoint of initial wet grip performance and tensile properties.
- the type of the vulcanization accelerator is not particularly limited because the sulfur-containing oligomer is easy to uniformly disperse sulfur.
- thiazoles such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, di-2-benzothiazolyl disulfide (DM (2,2'-dibenzothiazolyl disulfide)), N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide and the like Sulfur accelerators;
- Thiuram-based vulcanization accelerators such as tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD), tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), tetrakis (2-ethylhexyl) thiuram disulfide (TOT-N), etc .
- TMTD tetramethylthiuram disulfide
- TBzTD tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide
- TOT-N tetrakis (2-ethylhe
- the content of the vulcanization accelerator is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.7 parts by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber. Further, the content is preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 7 parts by mass or less. Within the above range, good initial wet grip performance and tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- the rubber composition preferably contains a wax.
- the wax is not particularly limited, and petroleum waxes such as paraffin wax and microcrystalline wax; natural waxes such as plant waxes and animal waxes; and synthetic waxes such as polymers of ethylene and propylene.
- petroleum waxes such as paraffin wax and microcrystalline wax
- natural waxes such as plant waxes and animal waxes
- synthetic waxes such as polymers of ethylene and propylene.
- products such as Ouchi Shining Chemical Co., Ltd., Nippon Seiwa Co., Ltd., Seiko Chemical Co., Ltd. can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- petroleum waxes are preferable, and paraffin waxes are more preferable.
- the content of wax is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1 part by mass or more, and preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of diene rubber. It is below. By setting the content in the above range, good initial wet grip performance and tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- the rubber composition preferably contains an antiaging agent.
- the anti-aging agent is not particularly limited.
- naphthylamine-based anti-aging agent such as phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine
- diphenylamine-based aging such as octylated diphenylamine and 4,4'-bis ( ⁇ , ⁇ '-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine Inhibitor
- P-phenylenediamine antidegradants such as phenylenediamine
- quinoline antidegradants such as polymers of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline
- 2,6-di-t-butyl-4 Monophenol-based antioxidants
- p-phenylenediamine anti-aging agent (more preferably N- (1), because ozone resistance (ozone crack performance) is good and good initial wet grip performance and tensile properties can be obtained. 3, 3-dimethylbutyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine) is preferred.
- the content of the antiaging agent is preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1 part by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber. Also, it is preferably 7 parts by mass or less, more preferably 6 parts by mass or less, and still more preferably 5 parts by mass or less.
- the rubber composition preferably comprises a fatty acid, in particular stearic acid.
- stearic acid conventionally known ones can be used.
- products such as NOF Corporation, NOF Company, Kao Corporation, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Chiba Fatty Acid Corporation can be used.
- the content of the fatty acid is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1 part by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber. Further, the content is preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 5 parts by mass or less. By setting the content in the above range, good initial wet grip performance and tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- the rubber composition preferably contains zinc oxide.
- zinc oxide conventionally known ones can be used, and for example, products such as Mitsui Metal Mining Co., Ltd., Toho Zinc Co., Ltd., Huxsui Tech Co., Ltd., Shodo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., etc. Can be used.
- the content of zinc oxide is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1 part by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of diene rubber. Further, the content is preferably 5 parts by mass or less, more preferably 4 parts by mass or less. By setting the content in the above range, good initial wet grip performance and tensile properties tend to be obtained.
- additives generally used in the tire industry can be added to the rubber composition, and processing aids such as plasticizers and lubricants; surfactants; and the like can be exemplified.
- the respective components are kneaded using a rubber kneading apparatus such as an open roll, a Banbury mixer, a kneader, and then vulcanized. It can be manufactured.
- a rubber kneading apparatus such as an open roll, a Banbury mixer, a kneader, and then vulcanized. It can be manufactured.
- Kneading temperature is usually 100 to 180.degree. C., preferably 120 to 170.degree. C. in the base kneading step of kneading additives other than the crosslinking agent (vulcanizing agent) and the vulcanization accelerator as kneading conditions.
- the kneading temperature is usually 120 ° C. or less, preferably 85 to 110 ° C.
- a composition obtained by kneading a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanization accelerator is usually subjected to a vulcanization treatment such as press vulcanization.
- the vulcanization temperature is usually 140 to 190 ° C., preferably 150 to 185 ° C.
- the tire (pneumatic tire etc.) of the present invention is manufactured by the usual method using the above rubber composition. That is, the rubber composition containing the above components is extruded in an unvulcanized stage according to the shape of a tread (a member contacting the road surface such as a single layer tread, a cap tread of a multilayer tread, etc.), etc.
- An unvulcanized tire is formed by molding with a member on a tire molding machine by a usual method. The unvulcanized tire is heated and pressurized in a vulcanizer to obtain a tire.
- the tire can be used for passenger car tires, tires for large passenger cars, tires for large SUVs, tires for heavy loads such as trucks and buses, tires for light trucks, tires for motorcycles, tires for racing (high performance tires), etc. .
- it is suitable for a race tire.
- ⁇ Copolymer Production Example 1> Add 18 L of cyclohexane (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.), 2000 g of butadiene (manufactured by Takachiho Shoji Co., Ltd.), and 53 mmol of diethyl ether (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) in a 30 L pressure-resistant vessel sufficiently purged with nitrogen. The temperature rose. Next, 16.6 mL of butyllithium (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 3 hours.
- Production Example 1 Synthesis of Sulfur-Containing Oligomer 1 (Rubber-like) Take 104.4 g (0.180 mol) of a 30% aqueous solution of sodium polysulfide, 150 g of ion-exchanged water, and 150 g of ethanol in a flask completely replaced with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas, stir and warm up to 90 ° C. Then, 25.0 g (0.175 mol) of bis (2-chloroethyl) ether diluted with 100 g of toluene is added dropwise over 2 hours, and the mixture is further reacted at the same temperature for 3 hours to separate an organic layer.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas
- Production Example 2 Synthesis of Sulfur-Containing Oligomer 2 (Liquid) 104.4 g (0.180 mol) of a 30% aqueous solution of sodium polysulfide, 150 g of ion exchanged water, and tetrabutyl ammonium chloride (TBAB) 1 as a reaction catalyst in a flask completely substituted with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas Take 25g and stir and warm up to 90 ° C, add 25.0 g (0.175 mol) of bis (2-chloroethyl) ether diluted with 100 g of toluene dropwise over 2 hours, and react at the same temperature for 3 hours.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas
- the organic layer was separated and concentrated in vacuo at 90.degree. C. and dried to obtain 25.5 g of the target oligomer.
- the structure of the sulfur-containing oligomer 1 used in the examples is presumed to be a compound having a repeating unit represented by the following formula (Formula 10).
- the structures of the sulfur-containing oligomers 2 to 3 are presumed to be a mixture of the compounds represented by the above formula (Formula 10) and the following formula (Formula 11) (mixture of the formula 10 and / or 11).
- the structure of the sulfur-containing oligomer 4 is presumed to be a compound having a repeating unit represented by the following formula (Formula 12).
- the analysis of the polymer was performed by the following method.
- Structure identification The structural identification (styrene content, vinyl content) of the polymer was carried out using an apparatus of JNM-ECA series manufactured by Nippon Denshi Co., Ltd. The measurement was made by dissolving 0.1 g of the polymer in 15 ml of toluene, pouring it slowly into 30 ml of methanol and reprecipitating, which was measured after drying under reduced pressure.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the polymer is measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) (GPC-8000 series manufactured by Tosoh Corp., detector: Differential refractometer, column: TSKGEL SUPERMALTPORE HZ-M manufactured by Tosoh Corp.) It calculated
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the Mw and structure identification of the sulfur-containing oligomer were performed by the following method.
- Weight average molecular weight (Mw), structure identification The Mw was determined by standard polystyrene conversion based on the measurement values measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following apparatus and conditions.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- each peak portion in a chromatogram obtained by GPC measurement is fractionated, and each fraction fractionated is analyzed by gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC / MS) to determine the molecular weight of each peak portion. I asked.
- analysis was performed on the sulfur-containing oligomers by 13 C NMR.
- Modified SBR 1 for silica Modified SBR prepared in copolymer preparation example 2 (alkoxysilyl modified, bound styrene amount 27% by mass, vinyl content 53% by mole, Mw 400,000)
- Modified SBR2 for silica NS616 manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.
- High cis BR1 BUNA-CB25 (BR synthesized using Nd catalyst, cis content 96 mol%) manufactured by LANXESS Low-cis modified BR2 for silica: Modified BR prepared in copolymer preparation example 1 (vinyl content 13% by mass, cis content 38% by mass, trans content 50% by mass, Mw / Mn 1.19, Mw 420,000)
- Carbon black Show black N 220 (N 2 SA 114 m 2 / g) manufactured by Cabot Japan Silica: Degussa Ultrasil VN3 (N 2 SA 175 m 2 / g) Silane coupling agent: Si75 (bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide) manufactured by Evonik
- Wax Ozoace 0355 (paraffin wax, melting point 70 ° C., normal alkane content 85% by mass) manufactured by Nippon Seiwa Co., Ltd.
- Stearic acid Stearic acid "Nuka” manufactured by NOF Corporation
- Process oil Diana Process AH-24 (aroma-based process oil) manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.
- Anti-aging agent Antigen 6C (N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine) manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Zinc oxide Two kinds of zinc flower manufactured by Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd.
- TO-125 YS resin TO-125 (aromatic modified terpene resin, softening point 125 ° C., Tg 64 ° C.) manufactured by Yasuhara Chemical Co., Ltd.
- T160 YS polystar T160 (terpene phenol resin, softening point 160 ° C., Tg 100 ° C.) manufactured by Yasuhara Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Sylvares 4401 Sylvares 4401 (copolymer of ⁇ -methylstyrene and styrene, softening point 85 ° C., Tg 43 ° C.) manufactured by Arizona Chemical Co.
- Sulfur-Containing Oligomer 1 Production Example 1 of the Sulfur-Containing Oligomer Sulfur-Containing Oligomer 2 (Liquid): Production Example 2 of the Sulfur-Containing Oligomer Sulfur-Containing Oligomer 3 (Liquid): Production Example 3 of the Sulfur-Containing Oligomer Sulfur-containing oligomer 4: the above-mentioned sulfur-containing oligomer production example 4
- Hybrid crosslinking agent 1 PERKALINK 900 (1,3-bis (citraconimidomethyl) benzene) manufactured by Flexis Hybrid crosslinker 2: Vulcuren VP KA9188 (1,6-bis (N, N'-dibenzylthiocarbamoyldithio) hexane) manufactured by LANXESS Sulfur: 5% oil-containing powder sulfur vulcanization accelerator manufactured by Hosoi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- Vulcanization accelerator 2 Noxceler D (N, N'-diphenylguanidine, melting point 145 ° C) manufactured by Ouchi Shinko Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Example and Comparative Example According to the formulation shown in Table 1, using a 1.7 L Banbury mixer manufactured by Kobe Steel, Ltd., chemicals other than sulfur and vulcanization accelerator are kneaded for 5 minutes under the condition of 150 ° C., and the kneaded product is obtained I got Next, sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator were added to the obtained kneaded product, and kneaded using an open roll for 5 minutes at 80 ° C. to obtain an unvulcanized rubber composition. The obtained unvulcanized rubber composition is molded into the shape of a tread, and is bonded together with other tire members to produce an unvulcanized tire, which is press vulcanized under conditions of 170 ° C. for 10 minutes to test tires ( Size: 195 / 65R15) was obtained. In addition, about rubber test piece evaluation, it cut out and performed rubber from the tread part of the tire for a test.
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Abstract
Description
下記式(1)~(3)を満たすトレッド用ゴム組成物に関する。
EB/M300≧50 (1)
M100≧1.7Mpa (2)
EB≧500% (3)
EB/M300≧70 (1A)
M100≧2.0Mpa (2A)
EB≧550% (3A)
前記ジエン系ゴムがアルコキシシリル変性スチレンブタジエンゴムを含むことが好ましい。
本発明はまた、前記ゴム組成物を用いて作製したトレッドを有する空気入りタイヤに関する。
前記ゴム組成物は、硫黄含有オリゴマー及び/又はロジン系樹脂を含むことが好ましい。
前記トレッドの少なくとも一部が以下の式(1)~(3)を満たすタイヤに関する。
EB/M300≧50 (1)
M100≧1.7Mpa (2)
EB≧500% (3)
EB/M300≧50 (1)
M100≧1.7Mpa (2)
EB≧500% (3)
これにより、優れた走行初期ウェットグリップ性能、引張特性、耐カットチッピング性能、操縦安定性を得ることが可能となる。
前記のとおり、破断時伸び(EB)が諸性能の指標として使用されているが、破断時伸び(EB)/300%モジュラス(M300)を用いる手法は提案されていない。そして、M300が小さいことは300%伸びでの抗力が小さい、即ち、小さい力で変形が容易ということであり、結果、トレッド面の路面に対する実接触面積が大きくなる一方、M300が大きいと、剣山の上に硬いタイヤが乗ったイメージとなり、実接触面積が小さくなると考えられる。例えば、タイヤの走行初期には、タイヤ温度も環境温度付近と低く、通常、ゴムが路面の骨材のミクロ凹凸に接触し難く、ゴムと路面の凝着によるグリップ性能が得ることが難しいが、M300を小さくすることで、実接触面積が大きくなり、凝着力が増え、初期グリップの改善に寄与すると推察される。
(a)シリカ用変性スチレンブタジエンゴム及び/又はシリカ用変性ブタジエンゴムを使用する場合、混練り中にポリマーがシリカ表面のOH基と結合し、シリカの分散が向上し、ポリマーとシリカが一体化する結果、式(1)~(3)が充足される。
EB/M300≧50 (1)
EB〔%〕/M300〔MPa〕が50〔%/MPa〕以上であると、トレッド面の路面に対する実接触面積が大きくなり、優れた走行初期ウェットグリップ性能が得られる傾向がある。EB/M300は、55以上が好ましく、70以上がより好ましく、75以上が更に好ましい。上限は特に限定されないが、300以下が好ましく、250以下がより好ましく、パターン付の汎用タイヤでは200以下が更に好ましい。
M100≧1.7Mpa (2)
M100が1.7Mpa以上であると、良好な操縦安定性、走行初期ウェットグリップ性能、引張特性が得られる傾向がある。M100は、2.0MPa以上が好ましく、2.2MPa以上がより好ましい。上限は特に限定されないが、4.0MPa以下が好ましく、3.5MPa以下がより好ましい。
EB≧500% (3)
EBが500%以上であると、良好なチップカット性、亀裂成長性が得られる傾向がある。EBは、520%以上が好ましく、540%以上がより好ましく、550%以上が更に好ましい。上限は特に限定されないが、1000%以下が好ましく、800%以下がより好ましく、700%以下が更に好ましい。
具体的には、低分子化合物からオリゴマー成分まで測定できるカラムを選択し、測定する。得られたピークにおいて、低分子化合物由来のピークの高分子側の最初の変曲点から垂線を下ろし、低分子側成分の面積と高分子側成分の面積比を求める。この面積比が低分子化合物とオリゴマー成分の比率に相当する。
なお、オリゴマー成分の高分子側ピークは、標準ポリスチレン換算分子量から求めた該低分子化合物の分子量の10倍以下の分子量となる点、あるいは該低分子化合物の分子量の10倍以下の分子量となる点までに成分ピークが0となる場合は成分ピークが0となる点までを積算する。
なお、スチレン量は、H1-NMR測定により算出される。
なお、シリカのN2SAは、ASTM D3037-93に準じてBET法で測定される値である。
シランカップリング剤としては、ゴム工業において、従来からシリカと併用される任意のシランカップリング剤を使用することができ特に限定されず、例えば、ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(2-トリエトキシシリルエチル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(4-トリエトキシシリルブチル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(3-トリメトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(2-トリメトキシシリルエチル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(2-トリエトキシシリルエチル)トリスルフィド、ビス(4-トリメトキシシリルブチル)トリスルフィド、ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)ジスルフィド、ビス(2-トリエトキシシリルエチル)ジスルフィド、ビス(4-トリエトキシシリルブチル)ジスルフィド、ビス(3-トリメトキシシリルプロピル)ジスルフィド、ビス(2-トリメトキシシリルエチル)ジスルフィド、ビス(4-トリメトキシシリルブチル)ジスルフィド、3-トリメトキシシリルプロピル-N,N-ジメチルチオカルバモイルテトラスルフィド、2-トリエトキシシリルエチル-N,N-ジメチルチオカルバモイルテトラスルフィド、3-トリエトキシシリルプロピルメタクリレートモノスルフィド、などのスルフィド系、3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、2-メルカプトエチルトリエトキシシラン、Momentive社製のNXT、NXT-Zなどのメルカプト系、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリメトキシシランなどのビニル系、3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランなどのアミノ系、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、などのグリシドキシ系、3-ニトロプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-ニトロプロピルトリエトキシシランなどのニトロ系、3-クロロプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-クロロプロピルトリエトキシシランなどのクロロ系などが挙げられる。市販品としては、デグッサ社、Momentive社、信越シリコーン(株)、東京化成工業(株)、アヅマックス(株)、東レ・ダウコーニング(株)等の製品を使用できる。これらは、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。なかでも、前記性能バランスの点から、スルフィド系、メルカプト系が好ましい。
なお、本明細書において、カーボンブラックのDBP吸収量は、ASTM D2414-93に準拠して測定される。
なお、本明細書において、軟化点とは、JIS K6220:2001に規定される軟化点を環球式軟化点測定装置で測定し、球が降下した温度である。
なお、本明細書において、Tgは、JIS K7121に準拠し、示差走査熱量計を用いて測定できる。
なお、酸価は、後述する実施例に準拠して測定できる。なお、酸価が過度に高い場合などには、公知のエステル化処理によって、ロジン類のカルボキシル基を低減し、酸価を上記範囲に調整することも可能である。
なお、本明細書において、オイルの含有量には、油展ゴムに含まれるオイルの量も含まれる。
硫黄としては、ゴム工業において一般的に用いられる粉末硫黄、沈降硫黄、コロイド硫黄、不溶性硫黄、高分散性硫黄、可溶性硫黄などが挙げられる。市販品としては、鶴見化学工業(株)、軽井沢硫黄(株)、四国化成工業(株)、フレクシス社、日本乾溜工業(株)、細井化学工業(株)等の製品を使用できる。これらは、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
なお、Mwは、溶媒としてクロロホルムを用いたGPC(ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー)測定をした場合のポリスチレン換算のMwであり、具体的には後述の実施例の方法で測定した値である。
なお、本明細書において、極性パラメーターSP値は、化合物の構造に基づいてHoy法によって算出される溶解度パラメーター(Solubility Parameter)を意味する。Hoy法とは、例えば、K.L.Hoy “Table of Solubility Parameters”,Solvent and Coatings Materials Research and Development Department,Union Carbites Corp.(1985)に記載された計算方法である。
老化防止剤としては特に限定されず、例えば、フェニル-α-ナフチルアミン等のナフチルアミン系老化防止剤;オクチル化ジフェニルアミン、4,4’-ビス(α,α’-ジメチルベンジル)ジフェニルアミン等のジフェニルアミン系老化防止剤;N-イソプロピル-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、N,N’-ジ-2-ナフチル-p-フェニレンジアミン等のp-フェニレンジアミン系老化防止剤;2,2,4-トリメチル-1,2-ジヒドロキノリンの重合物等のキノリン系老化防止剤;2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノール、スチレン化フェノール等のモノフェノール系老化防止剤;テトラキス-[メチレン-3-(3’,5’-ジ-t-ブチル-4’-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]メタン等のビス、トリス、ポリフェノール系老化防止剤などが挙げられる。市販品としては、精工化学(株)、住友化学(株)、大内新興化学工業(株)、フレクシス社等の製品を使用できる。これらは単独で用いてもよいし、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。なかでも、耐オゾン性(オゾンクラック性能)が良好であり、良好な走行初期ウェットグリップ性能、引張特性が得られるという理由から、p-フェニレンジアミン系老化防止剤(より好ましくは、N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン)が好ましい。
ステアリン酸としては、従来公知のものを使用でき、例えば、日油(株)、NOF社、花王(株)、富士フイルム和光純薬(株)、千葉脂肪酸(株)等の製品を使用できる。
酸化亜鉛としては、従来公知のものを使用でき、例えば、三井金属鉱業(株)、東邦亜鉛(株)、ハクスイテック(株)、正同化学工業(株)、堺化学工業(株)等の製品を使用できる。
窒素雰囲気下、250mlメスフラスコに3-(N,N-ジメチルアミノ)プロピルトリメトキシシラン(アヅマックス(株)製)を20.8g入れ、さらに無水ヘキサン(関東化学(株)製)を加え、全量を250mlにして作製した。
充分に窒素置換した30L耐圧容器にシクロヘキサン(関東化学(株)製)を18L、ブタジエン(高千穂商事(株)製)を2000g、ジエチルエーテル(関東化学(株)製)を53mmol加え、60℃に昇温した。次に、ブチルリチウム(関東化学(株)製)を16.6mL加えた後、3時間撹拌した。次に0.4mol/Lの四塩化ケイ素/ヘキサン溶液を12ml加え、30分撹拌を行った。次に、上記末端変性剤を13mL追加し30分間撹拌を行った。反応溶液に2,6-tert-ブチル-p-クレゾール(大内新興化学工業(株)製)0.2gを溶かしたメタノール(関東化学(株)製)2mLを添加後、反応溶液を18Lのメタノールが入ったステンレス容器に入れて凝集体を回収した。得られた凝集体を24時間減圧乾燥させ、変性BRを得た。
充分に窒素置換した30L耐圧容器にn-ヘキサンを18L、スチレン(関東化学(株)製)を540g、ブタジエンを1460g、テトラメチルエチレンジアミンを17mmolを加え、40℃に昇温した。次に0.4mol/Lの四塩化ケイ素/ヘキサン溶液を3.5ml加え、30分撹拌を行った。次に、ブチルリチウムを10.5mL加えた後、50℃に昇温させ3時間撹拌した。次に、上記末端変性剤を30mL追加し30分間撹拌を行った。反応溶液に2,6-tert-ブチル-p-クレゾール(大内新興化学工業(株)製)0.2gを溶かしたメタノール(関東化学(株)製)2mLを添加後、反応溶液を18Lのメタノールが入ったステンレス容器に入れて凝集体を回収した。得られた凝集体を24時間減圧乾燥させ、変性SBRを得た。
窒素ガス・アルゴンガス等の不活性ガスにより完全に置換したフラスコに、30%多硫化ソーダ水溶液104.4g(0.180mol)、イオン交換水150g、エタノール150gを取り撹拌、90℃まで昇温後、トルエン100gにて希釈したビス(2-クロロエチル)エーテル25.0g(0.175mol)を2時間かけて滴下し、更に同温度で3時間反応して有機層を分離した後、90℃にて真空濃縮・乾燥して目的オリゴマー27.3gを得た。
得られた硫黄含有オリゴマー1(ゴム状)は、Mw2.1万、硫黄元素の含有率55質量%、上記式(I)の繰り返し単位(R=(CH2)2O(CH2)2、x(平均値)=4.0、SP値11.1)であった。
窒素ガス・アルゴンガス等の不活性ガスにより完全に置換したフラスコに、30%多硫化ソーダ水溶液104.4g(0.180mol)、イオン交換水150g、更に反応触媒としてテトラブチルアンモニウムクロリド(TBAB)1.25gを取り撹拌、90℃まで昇温後、トルエン100gにて希釈したビス(2-クロロエチル)エーテル25.0g(0.175mol)を2時間かけて滴下し、更に同温度で3時間反応して有機層を分離した後、90℃にて真空濃縮・乾燥して目的オリゴマー25.5gを得た。
得られた硫黄含有オリゴマー2(液状)は、Mw2670、硫黄元素の含有率55質量%、上記式(I)の繰り返し単位(R=(CH2)2O(CH2)2、x(平均値)=4.0、SP値11.1)であった。
窒素ガス・アルゴンガス等の不活性ガスにより完全に置換したフラスコに、30%多硫化ソーダ水溶液104.4g(0.180mol)、イオン交換水150gを取り撹拌、90℃まで昇温後、トルエン100gにて希釈したビス(2-クロロエチル)エーテル25.0g(0.175mol)を2時間かけて滴下し、更に同温度で3時間反応して有機層を分離した後、90℃にて真空濃縮・乾燥して目的オリゴマー25.0gを得た。
得られた硫黄含有オリゴマー3(液状)は、Mw1250、硫黄元素の含有率55質量%、上記式(I)の繰り返し単位(R=(CH2)2O(CH2)2、x(平均値)=4.0、SP値11.1)であった。
窒素ガス・アルゴンガス等の不活性ガスにより完全に置換したフラスコに、30%多硫化ソーダ水溶液104.4g(0.180mol)、イオン交換水150gを取り撹拌、90℃まで昇温後、トルエン100gにて希釈した1,6-ジクロロヘキサン27.13g(0.175mol)を2時間かけて滴下し、更に同温度で3時間反応して有機層を分離した後、90℃にて真空濃縮・乾燥して目的オリゴマー28.0gを得た。
得られた硫黄含有オリゴマー4(ゴム状)は、Mw1.6万、硫黄元素の含有率質量58%、上記式(I)の繰り返し単位(R=-(CH2)5-、x(平均値)=4.0、SP値11.1)であった。
(構造同定)
ポリマーの構造同定(スチレン含量、ビニル含量)は、日本電子(株)製JNM-ECAシリーズの装置を用いて行った。測定は、ポリマー0.1gを15mlのトルエンに溶解させ、30mlのメタノール中にゆっくり注ぎ込んで再沈殿させたものを、減圧乾燥後に測定した。
ポリマーの重量平均分子量Mwは、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)(東ソー(株)製GPC-8000シリーズ、検出器:示差屈折計、カラム:東ソー(株)製のTSKGEL SUPERMALTPORE HZ-M)による測定値を基に標準ポリスチレン換算値として求めた。
(重量平均分子量(Mw)、構造同定)
下記装置、条件でゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフ(GPC)により測定した測定値を基に標準ポリスチレン換算によりMwを求めた。
また、GPC測定により得られたクロマトグラムにおける各ピーク部分を分取し、この分取した各画分をガスクロマトグラフィー質量分析法(GC/MS)により分析することにより、各ピーク部分の分子量を求めた。
更に、硫黄含有オリゴマーについて13CNMRにより分析を行った。
そして、13CNMRによる分析結果と、GPCにより測定した重量平均分子量と、GC/MSにより測定した各ピーク部分の分子量とに基づいて、硫黄含有オリゴマーの構造を同定した。
(1)前処理方法
サンプルを溶媒にて溶解後、0.45μmメンブランフィルターろ過したものを測定溶液とした。
(2)装置・測定条件
装置:東ソー(株)製GPC-8000シリーズ
カラム:東ソー(株)製のTSKGel SuperAWM-H×2+SuperAW2500×1(6.0mm I.D.×150mm×3本)
溶媒:クロロホルム
流量:0.6mL/min.
検出器:RI検出器
カラム温度:40℃
注入量:20μL
分子量標準:標準ポリスチレン
(酸価(mgKOH/g)測定)
JIS K 5902(2006年)に準拠し、サンプルを化学天秤で0.5~0.7g、100mlマイヤーに量り取り、中性溶剤(トルエン/メタノール=2:1)に完全に溶解させるまでよく振った後、1%フェノールフタレインを約5滴加え、N/5KOHにて滴定することにより、酸価を求めた。
なお、滴定の終点は、測定液が、微紅色となり30秒以内に消えなかった点とした。
シリカ用変性SBR1:共重合体製造例2で作製した変性SBR(アルコキシシリル変性、結合スチレン量27質量%、ビニル含量53モル%、Mwは40万)
シリカ用変性SBR2:日本ゼオン社製NS616(非油展、アミン変性、スチレン量21質量%、ビニル量66質量%、Mw24万)
ハイシスBR1:ランクセス社製のBUNA-CB25(Nd系触媒を用いて合成したBR、シス含量96モル%)
シリカ用ローシス変性BR2:共重合体製造例1で作製した変性BR(ビニル含量13質量%、シス含量38質量%、トランス含量50質量%、Mw/Mn1.19、Mw42万)
シリカ:デグッサ社製のUltrasil VN3(N2SA175m2/g)
シランカップリング剤:Evonik社製のSi75(ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)ジスルフィド)
ステアリン酸:日油(株)製のステアリン酸「椿」
プロセスオイル:出光興産(株)製のダイアナプロセスAH-24(アロマ系プロセスオイル)
老化防止剤:住友化学(株)製のアンチゲン6C(N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン)
酸化亜鉛:三井金属鉱業(株)製の亜鉛華2種
T160:ヤスハラケミカル(株)製のYSポリスターT160(テルペンフェノール樹脂、軟化点160℃、Tg100℃)
Sylvares4401:アリゾナケミカル社製のSylvares4401(α-メチルスチレンとスチレンとの共重合体、軟化点85℃、Tg43℃)
C10:Rutgers Chemicals社製のNOVARES C10(液状クマロンインデン樹脂、軟化点10℃、Tg-30℃)
ロジンP:ハリマ化成製のハリスターP(ロジンエステル樹脂、軟化点102℃、酸価9mgKOH/g)
ロジンTF:ハリマ化成(株)製のハリスターTF(ロジンエステル樹脂、軟化点80℃、酸価10mgKOH/g)
硫黄含有オリゴマー2(液状):上記硫黄含有オリゴマー製造例2
硫黄含有オリゴマー3(液状):上記硫黄含有オリゴマー製造例3
硫黄含有オリゴマー4:上記硫黄含有オリゴマー製造例4
ハイブリッド架橋剤2:ランクセス社製のVulcuren VP KA9188(1,6-ビス(N,N’-ジベンジルチオカルバモイルジチオ)ヘキサン)
硫黄:細井化学工業(株)製の5%オイル含有粉末硫黄
加硫促進剤1:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクセラーNS(N-tert-ブチル-2-ベンゾチアゾリルスルフェンアミド、融点103℃)
加硫促進剤2:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクセラーD(N,N’-ジフェニルグアニジン、融点145℃)
表1に示す配合処方にしたがい、(株)神戸製鋼所製の1.7Lバンバリーミキサーを用いて、硫黄及び加硫促進剤以外の薬品を150℃の条件下で5分間混練りし、混練り物を得た。次に、得られた混練り物に硫黄及び加硫促進剤を添加し、オープンロールを用いて、80℃の条件下で5分間練り込み、未加硫ゴム組成物を得た。得られた未加硫ゴム組成物をトレッドの形状に成形し、他のタイヤ部材とともに貼り合わせて未加硫タイヤを作製し、170℃の条件下で10分間プレス加硫して試験用タイヤ(サイズ:195/65R15)を得た。なお、ゴム試験片評価については、試験用タイヤのトレッド部からゴムを切り出して行った。
上記試験用タイヤを排気量2000ccの国産FR車に装着し、ウェットアスファルト路面のテストコースにて10周の実車走行を行った。その際に2周目おける操舵時のコントロールの安定性をテストドライバーが評価し、比較例1を100として指数表示をした(初期ウェットグリップ性能指数)。数値が大きいほど初期ウェットグリップ性能が高いことを示す。指数値が105以上の場合に良好であると判断した。
JIS K6251:2010に基づいて、上記試験用タイヤのトレッドから切り出したゴム試験片から作成したダンベル状6号形試験片を用いて、常温(25℃)下において引張試験を実施して、破断時伸び(EB)(%)、300%伸張時応力(M300)(MPa)、100%伸張時応力(M100)(MPa)を測定した。
Claims (6)
- ジエン系ゴムと、シリカと、硫黄及び/又は硫黄含有化合物とを含み、かつ
下記式(1)~(3)を満たすトレッド用ゴム組成物。
EB/M300≧50 (1)
M100≧1.7Mpa (2)
EB≧500% (3) - 下記式(1A)~(3A)を満たす請求項1記載のトレッド用ゴム組成物。
EB/M300≧70 (1A)
M100≧2.0Mpa (2A)
EB≧550% (3A) - ジエン系ゴムが変性スチレンブタジエンゴム及び/又は変性ブタジエンゴムを含む請求項1又は2記載のトレッド用ゴム組成物。
- ジエン系ゴムがアルコキシシリル変性スチレンブタジエンゴムを含む請求項1又は2記載のトレッド用ゴム組成物。
- 硫黄含有オリゴマー及び/又はロジン系樹脂を含む請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のトレッド用ゴム組成物。
- トレッドを有するタイヤであって、
前記トレッドの少なくとも一部が以下の式(1)~(3)を満たすタイヤ。
EB/M300≧50 (1)
M100≧1.7Mpa (2)
EB≧500% (3)
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| US16/627,945 US11458768B2 (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2018-05-23 | Rubber composition for tread, and pneumatic tire |
| JP2018558436A JP7206914B2 (ja) | 2017-07-19 | 2018-05-23 | トレッド用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ |
| EP18834447.7A EP3647351B1 (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2018-05-23 | Rubber composition for tread, and pneumatic tire |
| CN201880044993.9A CN110869433A (zh) | 2017-07-19 | 2018-05-23 | 胎面用橡胶组合物和充气轮胎 |
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| WO2021059853A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-04-01 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
| JP2021167407A (ja) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-10-21 | 旭化成株式会社 | 共役ジエン系重合体及びその製造方法、並びにゴム組成物。 |
| EP3851485A4 (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2022-01-05 | LG Chem, Ltd. | RUBBER COMPOSITION AND MOLDED BODY MANUFACTURED FROM IT |
| JPWO2023058674A1 (ja) * | 2021-10-06 | 2023-04-13 |
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| JP7473772B2 (ja) * | 2019-07-30 | 2024-04-24 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
| DE102021206251A1 (de) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-12-22 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Kautschukmischung und Reifen |
| CN114874518B (zh) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-04-18 | 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 | 一种含有预处理白炭黑的胎面橡胶组合物及其制备方法、应用和轮胎 |
| JP2025094323A (ja) * | 2023-12-13 | 2025-06-25 | Toyo Tire株式会社 | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
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| US11458768B2 (en) | 2022-10-04 |
| US20210023882A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
| EP3647351A1 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
| EP3647351A4 (en) | 2021-03-24 |
| JPWO2019017067A1 (ja) | 2020-05-28 |
| EP3647351B1 (en) | 2025-07-02 |
| JP7206914B2 (ja) | 2023-01-18 |
| CN110869433A (zh) | 2020-03-06 |
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