WO2019042829A1 - Compresseur á piston multi-étages á faibles vibrations, notamment pour véhicules ferroviaires - Google Patents

Compresseur á piston multi-étages á faibles vibrations, notamment pour véhicules ferroviaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019042829A1
WO2019042829A1 PCT/EP2018/072573 EP2018072573W WO2019042829A1 WO 2019042829 A1 WO2019042829 A1 WO 2019042829A1 EP 2018072573 W EP2018072573 W EP 2018072573W WO 2019042829 A1 WO2019042829 A1 WO 2019042829A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stage
low
pressure
piston
compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2018/072573
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Hartl
Stefan Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
Original Assignee
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH filed Critical Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
Publication of WO2019042829A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019042829A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/04—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B27/053—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with an actuating element at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/04—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B27/0404—Details, component parts specially adapted for such pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/04—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B27/0404—Details, component parts specially adapted for such pumps
    • F04B27/0423—Cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/04—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B27/053—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with an actuating element at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • F04B27/0536—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with an actuating element at the inner ends of the cylinders with two or more series radial piston-cylinder units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/04—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B27/053—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with an actuating element at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • F04B27/0536—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with an actuating element at the inner ends of the cylinders with two or more series radial piston-cylinder units
    • F04B27/0538—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with an actuating element at the inner ends of the cylinders with two or more series radial piston-cylinder units directly located side-by-side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0027—Pulsation and noise damping means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0094—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 crankshaft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-stage piston compressor, in particular for
  • Rolling stock with a low-pressure stage and at least one subsequent high-pressure stage for the multi-stage compression of sucked air, wherein a drive unit for generating a rotational movement is a downstream
  • Compressor unit drives, which several on a compressor housing for
  • crankshaft arranged pot-like cylinder for internal piston, wherein the drive unit via the driven crankshaft rotates over a plurality of arranged on at least one crank connecting rod in a linear movement for each associated piston for compressing the air, further wherein an even number of low - And Hochdrückzylindern is arranged in a star shape on the compressor housing.
  • the field of application of the invention extends primarily to vehicle construction, in particular rail vehicle construction.
  • Rail vehicles are usually equipped with compressed air consumers, such as in particular a pressure-operated brake, which requires a compressor to generate the required compressed air.
  • the reciprocating compressors of interest in the context of the present invention are usually designed in multiple stages and thus have a low-pressure stage and at least one subsequent high-pressure stage in order to bring the air drawn in from the environment through multistage compression to the desired pressure level.
  • the electric drive unit is operated speed controlled to generate the compressed air as needed - ie with variable capacity. For example, in operating situations with low compressed air demand The speed of the compressor and thus its sound radiation are reduced to a minimum.
  • Torque from the compression acts as a pendulum moment about the
  • Compressor axis of rotation and thus generates vibrations at the attachment points of the compressor, resulting in a deterioration of ride comfort.
  • Compression-related non-uniform torques do not decrease with decreasing speed, but can even increase with appropriate mass distribution and cause resonances of the elastic at low speed
  • DE 100 58 924 A1 discloses a multi-stage reciprocating compressor, the vibration behavior of which does not include any 1st order torque.
  • two connecting rods are arranged on each crank of the crankshaft, which are assigned to opposite pistons, wherein adjacent cranks are arranged offset substantially 180 ° to each other.
  • Boxer arrangement Through this boxer-like arrangement of low and high pressure cylinders is an air-cooled construction, as in the
  • WO 2015/172144 A1 discloses a kind of star design for a multi-stage reciprocating compressor, which is described as being particularly smooth running.
  • the compressor housing is pentagonal in the basic cross section, wherein a lower side surface fastening means for attachment to a support structure.
  • the other four side surfaces are each assigned a high or low pressure cylinder. This results in an unequal-axis cylinder arrangement, since each cylinder has its own longitudinal axis, which is at an angle offset to the longitudinal axes of the remaining cylinders.
  • Piston compressor in comparison to the prior art discussed with boxer design a fairly large height, so that this star-shaped multi-stage piston compressor is only partially suitable for underfloor installation in the rail vehicle. It is the object of the present invention to provide a suitable for rail vehicle multi-stage piston compressor, which is characterized by a minimal vibration behavior, low height and a simple
  • Coolability is characterized by airflow.
  • the object is achieved on the basis of a multi-stage reciprocating compressor according to the preamble of claim 1 in conjunction with its characterizing features.
  • the following dependent claims give advantageous developments of the invention.
  • the invention includes the technical teaching that in a multi-stage
  • Piston compressor in star design one low-pressure cylinder
  • High-pressure cylinder facing the same longitudinal axis and each piston provided with a piston associated with a separate crank of the crankshaft, which is arranged at an angle offset to at least one adjacent crank, that the crankshaft can be brought into a position in which one of the high pressure cylinder is in the top dead center while the other high pressure cylinder is in the bottom dead center position, and at the same time a low pressure cylinder is in the top dead center position, while the other low pressure cylinder in the bottom dead center
  • a synchronous reluctance motor can be used as the electric drive unit, in which the rotor has a fairly low mass.
  • a synchronous reluctance motor is operable even at low speeds with high torque.
  • a variable speed can be regulated between 15 Hz and 80 Hz by means of an upstream inverter.
  • High-pressure cylinders are arranged in a star shape at an angle ⁇ to the horizontal H of 25 ° +/- 10 "
  • Piston compressor in the underfloor area of a rail vehicle possible in which the installation is limited in particular with regard to the installation height.
  • the arrangement of the cylinder in the specified angular range ensures a largely flat design of the multi-stage piston compressor.
  • the high-pressure cylinders are positioned below the horizontal H and the low-pressure cylinders above the horizontal H.
  • condensate which can form in unfavorable conditions in the high-pressure stage, run on the cylinder wall.
  • the heat generated by the low-pressure cylinders can rise upwards and be dissipated.
  • two high-pressure cylinders and two low-pressure cylinders are used.
  • the connecting rods and / or the pistons of the high-pressure stage are made of a material, preferably metal, which has a higher specific weight than the connecting rods and / or the pistons of the low-pressure stage.
  • the connecting rods of the low-pressure stage can be made longer than the connecting rods of the high-pressure stage and the center of gravity of the connecting rod of the low-pressure side should be closer to the piston than the center of gravity of the connecting rod of the high-pressure stage.
  • the connecting rods of the low pressure stage are at least a factor of 1, 1 longer than the connecting rods of
  • crank mechanisms for example, to correct imbalances, be required, it is sufficient that to the relevant Connecting rods additional masses are attached. As a result, the mass balance does not need to be made on the crankshaft.
  • crank mechanisms of the two-stage compressor unit can be designed in such a way that the first-order component in the torque diagram is a value of less than 10% of the second-order component. Since the multi-stage reciprocating compressor according to the invention only produces vibrations in higher orders to this extent, a relatively stiff bearing can be used on a support structure of the vehicle, which nevertheless a sufficient
  • Reciprocating compressor offers the prerequisite that all cylinders can be supplied with cooling air by an axial fan. A wind shadow situation is thus avoided.
  • additional Heillettbleche can be arranged on the compressor housing, which direct the cooling air uniformly in the direction of the ribs of the cylinder.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective external view of a multi-stage Kolbehkompressofs in 4-cylinder design
  • FIG. 1 shows an end view of the multi-stage piston compressor of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 shows a partially broken plan view of the multi-stage
  • Piston compressor of FIG. 1, 4 shows a perspective view of a crankshaft of the compressor unit of this reciprocating compressor
  • Fig. 5 shows a graphical representation of the torque curve on the crankshaft
  • FIG. 6 shows a Fourier analysis of the load moments from the graphical representation according to FIG. 5.
  • the multistage piston compressor consists essentially of a drive unit 1, which is designed here as an electrical synchronous reluctance motor.
  • the drive unit 1 generates a rotary motion for driving a directly flanged thereto compressor unit 2, which via a low-pressure stage and a subsequent high-pressure stage for multi-stage compression of the
  • the cooling of the heat generated in the Kompressionsarbett provides a cooler unit 3 with frontally positioned on the compressor unit 2 Axial fan 4.
  • the multi-stage piston compressor is via elastic attachment means 5a to the compressor unit 2 and 5b fastening means to the electric drive unit 1 at a - not shown - Carrier structure of a vehicle attached.
  • the compressor unit 2 has a compressor housing 6, on which a plurality of pot-shaped larger low-pressure cylinders 8a (exemplary) and smaller high-pressure cylinders 7a and 7b are arranged in a star shape.
  • This is a multi-stage reciprocating compressor in 4-Zyiinderbauform.
  • High-pressure cylinders 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b are star-shaped at an angle ⁇ to the horizontal H arranged from here 25 °.
  • the two low-pressure cylinders 8a and 8b of the 4-cylinder are arranged above the horizontal H, whereas the two high-pressure cylinders 7a and 7b are arranged below the horizontal H.
  • the compressor housing 6 has a hexagonal basic cross-section, wherein both the left-side low-pressure cylinder 8a and the left-side high-pressure cylinder 7a are arranged on mutually adjacent side surfaces 9a and 9a 'of the compressor housing 6.
  • One of these different bottom side surface 10 serves to arrange the fastening means 5a (not shown) on the hexagonal compressor housing 6.
  • the compressor housing 6 of the compressor unit 2 is the housing of a crankshaft 11 for driving the various respectively from pistons 12, 12 'and connecting rods 13, 13' (exemplary) existing crank mechanisms of high or
  • each crankshaft has its own crankshaft 14a to 14d assigned to the crankshaft 11, which are arranged angularly offset from one another by an angle ⁇ of 30 ° relative to the adjacent crank, for example 14a to 14b.
  • This angular offset exists between all adjacent cranks 14a to 14d.
  • the crankshaft 11 can be brought into a position in which each of the four pistons 12 (exemplarily) assumes the lower dead center position at the same time.
  • the moment MG of the gas forces, the moment Mm of inertial forces, and the sum moment M s of the masses * and the gas forces are shown in FIG. 5 in the range of the rotation angle ⁇ of one rotation.
  • Verdichtungsfotge the two-stage reciprocating compressor is inventively chosen so that each event occurs twice within a revolution, and so the proportion of the 1st order in the torque diagram goes to zero.
  • the first-order component is 0, the second-order component 27 Nm, the third-order component 0 and the fourth-order component 1: 5: Nm.
  • the invention is not limited to the one described above

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un compresseur à piston multi-étages, notamment pour véhicules ferroviaires, doté d'un étage à basse pression et au moins un étage à haute pression subséquent pour la compression multi-étages de l'air aspiré, pour lequel une unité d'entraînement (1) propulse, pour produire un mouvement de rotation, une unité de compresseur (2) en aval, laquelle unité comprend une pluralité de cylindres à haute pression ou à basse pression (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) en forme de pot disposés sur un boîtier de compresseur (6) pour loger un vilebrequin (11) pour des pistons (12) intérieurs, le vilebrequin (11) entraîné sur l'unité d'entraînement (1) transformant un mouvement de rotation sur plusieurs bielles (13) agencées sur au moins un coude selon un mouvement linéaire pour des pistons (11) associés pour comprimer de l'air, un nombre pair de cylindres à haute pression ou à basse pression (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) étant disposé en forme d'étoile sur le boîtier de compresseur (8), à chaque fois un cylindre à haute pression (7a; 7b) étant en face d'un cylindre à basse pression (8a; 8b) sur le même axe longitudinal (A ou B) et un propre coude (14a à 14d) du vilebrequin (11) étant associé à chaque une bielle (13) pourvue d'un piston (12).
PCT/EP2018/072573 2017-08-31 2018-08-21 Compresseur á piston multi-étages á faibles vibrations, notamment pour véhicules ferroviaires Ceased WO2019042829A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017120000.2A DE102017120000B4 (de) 2017-08-31 2017-08-31 Schwingungsarmer mehrstufiger Kolbenkompressor, insbesondere für Schienenfahrzeuge
DE102017120000.2 2017-08-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019042829A1 true WO2019042829A1 (fr) 2019-03-07

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PCT/EP2018/072573 Ceased WO2019042829A1 (fr) 2017-08-31 2018-08-21 Compresseur á piston multi-étages á faibles vibrations, notamment pour véhicules ferroviaires

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DE (1) DE102017120000B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019042829A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114576131A (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-03 王汝君 一种并列五星活塞式压缩机
CN114623064A (zh) * 2022-03-09 2022-06-14 王汝君 一种并列多缸类星型活塞式压缩机
CN115013285A (zh) * 2022-07-15 2022-09-06 西安交通大学 一种具有滑道结构活塞的压缩机及滑道曲线设计方法
CN121429582A (zh) * 2025-12-31 2026-01-30 杭州纽泰低温液化装备有限公司 一种活塞式全无油增压机的机头

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114576133A (zh) * 2020-11-30 2022-06-03 福迪威（上海）工业仪器技术研发有限公司 多级电动气泵

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2578146A (en) * 1947-08-26 1951-12-11 Chrysler Corp Compressor
DE10058924A1 (de) 2000-11-28 2002-06-20 Knorr Bremse Systeme Schwingungsarmer mehrstufiger Kolbenkompressor
WO2015172144A1 (fr) 2014-05-09 2015-11-12 Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation Compresseur sans huile à configuration radiale
CN106194651A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-07 瑞立集团瑞安汽车零部件有限公司 一种电动无油主空压机

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBO20120308A1 (it) * 2012-06-05 2013-12-06 F I A C S P A Gruppo compressore d'aria

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2578146A (en) * 1947-08-26 1951-12-11 Chrysler Corp Compressor
DE10058924A1 (de) 2000-11-28 2002-06-20 Knorr Bremse Systeme Schwingungsarmer mehrstufiger Kolbenkompressor
WO2015172144A1 (fr) 2014-05-09 2015-11-12 Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation Compresseur sans huile à configuration radiale
CN106194651A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-07 瑞立集团瑞安汽车零部件有限公司 一种电动无油主空压机

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114623064A (zh) * 2022-03-09 2022-06-14 王汝君 一种并列多缸类星型活塞式压缩机
CN114576131A (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-03 王汝君 一种并列五星活塞式压缩机
CN115013285A (zh) * 2022-07-15 2022-09-06 西安交通大学 一种具有滑道结构活塞的压缩机及滑道曲线设计方法
CN121429582A (zh) * 2025-12-31 2026-01-30 杭州纽泰低温液化装备有限公司 一种活塞式全无油增压机的机头
CN121429582B (zh) * 2025-12-31 2026-05-12 杭州纽泰低温液化装备有限公司 一种活塞式全无油增压机的机头

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Publication number Publication date
DE102017120000A1 (de) 2019-02-28
DE102017120000B4 (de) 2021-01-21

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