WO2019148675A1 - 一种链条智能化预拉链长检测方法及其装置 - Google Patents

一种链条智能化预拉链长检测方法及其装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019148675A1
WO2019148675A1 PCT/CN2018/084404 CN2018084404W WO2019148675A1 WO 2019148675 A1 WO2019148675 A1 WO 2019148675A1 CN 2018084404 W CN2018084404 W CN 2018084404W WO 2019148675 A1 WO2019148675 A1 WO 2019148675A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chain
pallet
fixed
fixing block
tensioning
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/084404
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶斌
卢继光
王丽丽
王洪军
张健聪
孙斌
宣碧华
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Hangzhou Donghua Chain Group Co Ltd
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Hangzhou Donghua Chain Group Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Hangzhou Donghua Chain Group Co Ltd filed Critical Hangzhou Donghua Chain Group Co Ltd
Priority to US16/467,988 priority Critical patent/US11079216B2/en
Priority to EP18903171.9A priority patent/EP3623749B1/en
Publication of WO2019148675A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019148675A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B11/03—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21L—MAKING METAL CHAINS
    • B21L15/00—Finishing or dressing chains or chain links, e.g. removing burr material, calibrating
    • B21L15/005—Pre-stretching chains

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a chain intelligent pre-zipper length detecting method and device thereof.
  • the chain pre-tensioning process is an important process technology in the manufacturing process of chains, especially precision chains. It has the pitch error and distortion of the chain as a whole after the chain is assembled, so that the chain parts are evenly stressed and the chain frame tends to be stable. The flexibility of the chain is enhanced; the elongation of the initial wear stage when the chain is used is reduced, and the residual stress on the surface of the chain part is used to greatly increase the fatigue strength of the chain.
  • Chain length accuracy is an important performance index of chain products, which affects the uniformity of chain and sprocket meshing. Each batch of chain must carry out chain length detection. Pre-tensioning process causes the chain to have a certain degree of chilling phenomenon, so that the chain has certain The degree of elongation has an effect on the chain length accuracy.
  • the pre-tension and chain length measurement force of the same chain generally differ by more than 30 times.
  • the domestic chain pre-tensioning and chain length measurement are performed separately on different equipments, and the pre-tensioning and pre-tensioning time are fixed and occupied too much.
  • the manpower and equipment are inefficient and are not conducive to effective control of chain length accuracy.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a chain intelligent pre-tensioning and chain length detecting station with high efficiency and good quality.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a chain intelligent pre-tensioning and chain length detecting method.
  • a chain intelligent pre-tensioning and chain length detecting station comprises a rack, a work surface, a pre-pulling power device, a measuring power device, a length measuring device and a console, the console is located beside the rack, and the console receives the test
  • the information of the long device is adjusted and controlled to the pre-pulling power device, the work surface is fixed on the top of the frame; the work surface is provided with two large parallel rails, and the first two guide rails are also provided with a first
  • the strip-shaped through hole includes a servo system, a reducer, a belt, a second lead screw, a second nut, a first large pallet, a first fixing block, a pre-tension sensor, a second fixing block, a second large pallet and a fourth fixing block, wherein the bottoms of the first large pallet and the second large pallet are slidably disposed on the large rail by a slider, and one end of the first large pallet is fixed with a first fixing a second fixing block is fixed to one end of the
  • the mounting plate is disposed at the bottom of the work surface, the reducer drives the second screw through the belt, and the second screw is further provided with a second nut, the second nut runs through the first elongated through hole and the first
  • the first large pallet can be linearly moved along the large guide rail under the driving of the servo system;
  • the second large pallet is provided with two parallel small guide rails, and between the two small guide rails a second elongated through hole is further provided,
  • the measuring power device comprises a stepping motor, a first screw, a first nut, a first small pallet, a measuring force sensor, a third fixing block, and a second small pallet And a fourth fixing block, the bottoms of the first small pallet and the second small pallet are slidably disposed on the small rail, and one end of the first small pallet is provided with an upward protruding protrusion, and the second small A third fixing block is fixed to one end of the pallet near the first small pallet,
  • one end of the first fixing block is provided with a T-shaped block, and a through hole is formed in a middle portion of the first fixing block, and a connecting post in a middle portion of the T-shaped block is fixed to the pre-tensioning sensor after passing through the through hole, and A compression spring is disposed between the T-shaped block and the first fixed block.
  • the two sides of the connecting post on the T-shaped block are provided with a plurality of first recesses for receiving the compression springs
  • the first fixing block is provided with a plurality of second positions corresponding to the first recesses. a groove, the two ends of the compression spring respectively abut against the groove bottoms of the first groove and the second groove.
  • the second large pallet is fixed at one end away from the first large pallet with a fourth fixing block for preventing the second small pallet from sliding out of the small rail, and the fourth fixing block is provided with a chain strip. Pass through the slot.
  • the pre-tension sensor and the measuring force sensor are located on the same straight line as the longitudinal through grooves of the clamp.
  • the second screw and the servo system are arranged vertically above and below the mounting plate, and the second screw is located above the servo system.
  • the outer side of the two large guide rails on the work surface are respectively provided with side baffles, and the two side baffles are covered by the upper panel, and the upper plate is matched with the first large pallet and the second largest The gap of the movement track of the pallet, the upper panel is also provided with a gap at the clamp.
  • a chain intelligent pre-tensioning and chain length detecting method adopts the above-mentioned chain intelligent pre-tensioning and chain length detecting station, and the steps are as follows:
  • a) measuring the initial length of the chain: first select the appropriate fixture fixing block according to the length of the chain to install the fixed end clamp, one end of the chain is connected to the fixture of the second small pallet, the other end is connected to the fixed end fixture, the servo system starts The second nut is moved to the right by the reducer and the second screw. When the pre-tension reaches the chain tension and the pressure relief force Fa, the servo system stops loading and holding; then the stepping motor starts to drive the first screw to turn the first nut to the right.
  • the automatic measuring head starts and moves along the linear guide to the “gresmeter measurement first clear position”, then the automatic measuring head moves to the second small pallet
  • the fixture measures the reference plane, measures the coordinates of the moving end of the chain, and automatically adjusts the head to the fixed end of the fixed chain of the work surface to measure the coordinates of the fixed end of the chain, and automatically calculates the absolute value of the measured chain length, and the automatic measuring head returns to zero, completing Initial measurement of chain length;
  • the first pre-pull the first nut is moved to the left to unload the measuring force, when the measuring force is unloaded to the unloading force Fa, the servo system is started, the second nut is moved to the right, and the pre-tension is selected according to the chain length deviation in the parameter table. The F1 value is stopped and the pre-tension is maintained until the specified time to complete the first pre-tensioning;
  • the chain length is measured: the second nut is moved to the left to unload the pre-tensioning force.
  • the servo system stops moving, the stepping motor starts, and the first nut is right. Shift, when the measuring force reaches Fc, the stepping motor stops and keeps the measuring force equal to Fc.
  • the automatic measuring head starts and moves along the linear guide to the “gresmeter measurement first clear position”, then the automatic measuring head moves to the second small pallet.
  • the fixture measures the reference plane, measures the coordinates of the moving end of the chain, and automatically adjusts the head to the fixed end of the fixed chain of the work surface to measure the coordinates of the fixed end of the chain, and automatically calculates the absolute value of the measured chain length, and the automatic measuring head returns to zero, completing
  • the first chain length measurement determines whether the pre-pull and measurement are performed again based on the chain length result;
  • the invention integrates the chain pre-tensioning and chain length measurement into one device, performs open pre-tensioning and chain length measurement on the chain, and intelligently adjusts the pre-pull parameter according to the chain length measurement data so that the chain length is set.
  • the test can complete chain clamping, intelligent pre-tensioning and chain length automatic measurement.
  • It can automatically record and save parameters such as chain specification, pre-tension, pre-pull time, chain length and chain length variation.
  • the recorded data can be exported and recorded.
  • pre-tension and chain length measurement using two sets of loading system, pre-tension loading using servo system, with reducer and precision grinding screw loading, measuring force loading using stepper motor, with precision grinding screw loading, pre- Pulling and measuring using two tension sensors the chain tension can be precisely controlled.
  • the pre-tension and measuring force can be pre-set according to different chain specifications within a certain range; the chain length can be automatically measured by the grating ruler, according to the first chain Long measurement data feedback and analysis, automatic selection of pre-pull parameters, second measurement of chain length after pre-pull, can automatically select pre-pull parameters based on the previous chain length, to achieve intelligentization of pre-pull and chain length accuracy Control, and can group the chain length according to the chain length data, and judge whether the chain length is qualified or not, and realize the intelligence.
  • the chain intelligent pre-tensioning and chain length inspection station is an innovation and leap-forward improvement in the manufacture and inspection of chain products.
  • the invention greatly improves the product production efficiency, improves the product quality, reduces the non-conforming product rate, reduces the processing equipment and labor, reduces the production energy consumption, shortens the product processing flow, and reduces the production and processing site area.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the mounting structure of the pre-tension sensor, the measuring force sensor, the fixing block and the size pallet of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the measuring power device, the first large pallet, and the second large pallet of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the servo system, the second lead screw, the second nut, and the mounting plate of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a T-shaped block of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a first fixing block of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a jig of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first small pallet of the present invention.
  • a chain intelligent pre-tensioning and chain length detecting station includes a frame 1, a work surface 2, a pre-pulling power device, a measuring power device, a length measuring device and a console, and the control
  • the table is located beside the frame 1, and the console receives the information of the length measuring device to adjust and control the pre-pulling power device
  • the work surface 2 is fixed on the top of the frame 2;
  • the work surface 2 is provided with two parallel lines a large guide rail, and a first elongated through hole is further disposed between the two large guide rails
  • the pretensioning power device includes a servo system 23, a reducer, a belt, a second lead screw 24, a second nut 25, and a first a large pallet 13, a first fixing block 7, a pre-tensioning sensor 8, a second fixing block 9, a second large pallet 14 and a fourth fixing block 12, said first large pallet 13 and a second large pallet 14
  • the bottom of the first large pallet 13 is fixed with a first fixing block 7 at
  • the second large pallet 14 is provided with two parallel rails parallel to each other, and a second elongated through hole is further disposed between the two small rails, and the measuring power device comprises a stepping motor 19, a threaded rod 21, a first nut 20, a first small pallet 15, a measuring force sensor 10, a third fixing block 18, a second small pallet 16 and a fourth fixing block 12, said first small pallet 15 and
  • the bottom of the second small pallet 16 is slidably disposed on the small guide rail, and one end of the first small pallet 15 is provided with an upwardly protruding protrusion 161, and the second small pallet 16 is adjacent to the first small pallet 15
  • the third fixing block 18 is fixed at one end, and the clamp 11 is fixed at the other end.
  • the two ends of the measuring force sensor 10 are respectively convex and concave, and the third solid The block 18 is fixed, the stepping motor 19 and the first screw 21 are disposed at the bottom of the second large pallet 14, and the first screw 21 is further provided with a first nut 20, and the first nut 20 runs through the first
  • the two long strip-shaped through holes are fixed to the bottom of the first small pallet 15 , and the first small pallet 15 can be linearly moved along the small guide rail driven by the stepping motor 19;
  • the length measuring device includes the working surface 2 a grating scale on one side, a linear guide rail and an automatic measuring head, wherein the plurality of clamp fixing blocks 5 are evenly spaced apart on the work surface 2, and the clamp fixing block 5 is fixed on the frame 1, and the upper surface of the clamp fixing block 5 is lower than
  • the work surface 2 is covered with a cover plate to cover the level of the table top, and the corresponding clamp fixing block 5 can be selected according to the specific chain length to fix the clamp 11.
  • One end of the first fixing block 7 is provided with a T-shaped block 6 , and a through hole 71 is defined in a middle portion of the first fixing block 7 , and a connecting post 61 in the middle of the T-shaped block 6 penetrates the through hole 71 and a pre-tension sensor 8 is fixed, and a compression spring 17 is arranged between the T-shaped block 6 and the first fixed block 7.
  • a plurality of first recesses 62 for receiving the compression springs 17 are disposed on the two sides of the connecting post 61 on the T-shaped block 6.
  • the first fixing block 7 is provided with a plurality of positions corresponding to the first recesses 62.
  • the second groove 72 has two ends of the compression spring 17 abutting against the groove bottoms of the first groove 62 and the second groove 72, respectively. The buffering action of the spring prevents the chain from being damaged by the momentary overload when the screw rod is rigidly loaded.
  • the upper end surface of the clamp 11 is provided with a longitudinal through groove 111, and the side wall of the longitudinal through groove 111 is provided with an arc-shaped folding step portion 113, and the jig 11 is laterally disposed on one side of the curved folding step portion 113.
  • Through groove 112 groove bottom in the middle of the horizontal through groove 112 It is in communication with the longitudinal through groove 111.
  • a fourth fixing block 12 for preventing the second small pallet 16 from sliding out of the small rail is fixed to an end of the second large pallet 14 away from the first large pallet 13 , and the fourth fixing block 12 is provided with a chain Through the trough.
  • the pre-tension sensor 8 and the measuring force sensor 10 are located on the same straight line as the longitudinal through grooves 111 of the jig 11.
  • the second lead screw 24 and the servo system 23 are vertically disposed above the mounting plate 22, and the second lead screw 24 is located above the servo system 23.
  • a side baffle 3 is respectively disposed on an outer side of the two large guide rails on the work surface 2, and the two side baffles 3 are covered by the upper panel 4, and the upper panel 4 is provided with a first large pallet 13 and a The gap of the movement path of the two pallets 14 is also provided with a notch at the clamp 11 at the upper panel 4.
  • a chain intelligent pre-tensioning and chain length detecting method adopts the above-mentioned chain intelligent pre-tensioning and chain length detecting station, and the steps are as follows:
  • a) measuring the initial length of the chain: first select the appropriate fixture fixing block according to the length of the chain to install the fixed end clamp, one end of the chain is connected to the fixture of the second small pallet, the other end is connected to the fixed end fixture, the servo system starts The second nut is moved to the right by the reducer and the second screw. When the pre-tension reaches the chain tension and the pressure relief force Fa, the servo system stops loading and holding; then the stepping motor starts to drive the first screw to turn the first nut to the right.
  • the automatic measuring head starts and moves along the linear guide to the “gresmeter measurement first clear position”, then the automatic measuring head moves to the second small pallet
  • the fixture measures the reference plane, measures the coordinates of the moving end of the chain, and automatically adjusts the head to the fixed end of the fixed chain of the work surface to measure the coordinates of the fixed end of the chain, and automatically calculates the absolute value of the measured chain length, and the automatic measuring head returns to zero, completing Initial measurement of chain length;
  • the first pre-pull the first nut is moved to the left to unload the measuring force, when the measuring force is unloaded to the unloading force Fa, the servo system is started, the second nut is moved to the right, and the pre-tension is selected according to the chain length deviation in the parameter table. The F1 value is stopped and the pre-tension is maintained until the specified time to complete the first pre-tensioning;
  • the chain length is measured: the second nut is moved to the left to unload the pre-tensioning force.
  • the servo system stops moving, the stepping motor starts, and the first nut is right. Shift, when the measuring force reaches Fc, the stepping motor stops and keeps the measuring force equal to Fc.
  • the automatic measuring head starts and moves along the linear guide to the “gresmeter measurement first clear position”, then the automatic measuring head moves to the second small pallet.
  • the fixture measures the reference plane, measures the coordinates of the moving end of the chain, and automatically adjusts the head to the fixed end of the fixed chain of the work surface to measure the coordinates of the fixed end of the chain, and automatically calculates the absolute value of the measured chain length, and the automatic measuring head returns to zero, completing
  • the first chain length measurement determines whether the pre-pull and measurement are performed again based on the chain length result;
  • the pre-tension and measurement force of the chain are calculated as the percentage of the chain tensile strength Fu.
  • the pre-tension of the standard roller chain is 30% ⁇ 60%Fu, and the measuring force when measuring the chain length is 1%Fu, agree
  • the pre-tension of the specification chain is more than 30 times of the measuring force. If the pre-tensioning and length measurement of different specifications of the chain are on one piece of equipment, the pre-tension of the large-size chain is more than 100 times the measurement force of the small-size chain, even up to 300. Times. If a power system is used, the accuracy of the loading and measuring system is very high, and the speed of loading and unloading is reduced when the accuracy is high.
  • the pre-tension and measurement force of the chain vary greatly.
  • the pre-pull and chain length measurement adopts the independent running screw loading system and the unique combination of 2 sets of linear guides and 4 pallets mounted on the guide rail, and adopts two sets of loading systems.
  • the pre-tension loading adopts the servo system, and is loaded with the reducer and the precision grinding screw.
  • the measuring force is loaded by the stepping motor and loaded with the precision grinding screw.
  • the pre-tensioning and measuring use two tension sensors to precisely control the chain pre-tension and
  • the chain length measures the force to ensure the accuracy of the chain length measurement, and the pre-tension and measurement force can be manually set, which increases the flexibility of the device.
  • the invention can automatically record and save parameters such as chain specification, pre-tension, pre-pull time, chain length and chain length variation, the recorded data can be exported, and the recording format is adjusted according to specific requirements.
  • the whole machine of the invention has an automatic constant temperature system. It can effectively avoid dimensional changes caused by temperature difference during measurement.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，包括机架（1）、工作台面（2）、预拉动力装置、测量动力装置、测长装置和控制台，控制台接收测长装置的信息对预拉动力装置进行调整控制，预拉和链长测量采用独立运行的丝杆加载系统和独特的2套直线导轨和装在导轨上4个托板（13-16）的组合结构，并采用两套加载系统，预拉力加载采用伺服系统（23），配合减速机和精密研磨丝杆加载，测量力加载采用步进马达，配合精密研磨丝杆加载，预拉和测量使用两个拉力传感器（8,10），可精确控制链条预拉力和链长测量力，确保链长测量的精度。测长装置包括设置在工作台面一侧的光栅尺、直线导轨和自动测量头，工作台面上还等距间隔分布多个夹具固定块（5）。还提供一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测方法。

Description

一种链条智能化预拉链长检测方法及其装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种链条智能化预拉链长检测方法及其装置。
 背景技术
链条预拉处理是链条尤其是精密链条生产制造过程中的一个重要工艺技术，具有矫正链条装配制作后链条整体的节距误差及扭曲，使链条零件受力均匀化，使链条框架趋于稳定，增强链条的灵活性；减小链条使用时初期磨损阶段伸长量，使链条零件表面有残余应力以较大幅度地提高链条的疲劳强度等优点。链长精度是链条产品的一项重要性能指标，影响链条与链轮啮合的均匀性，每批链条都要进行链长检测，预拉处理使链条发生一定程度的冷硬现象，使链条有一定程度的伸长，对链长精度产生影响。同一链条的预拉力和链长测量力一般相差30倍以上，目前国内的链条预拉和链长测量是在不同的设备上分开进行的，且预拉力和预拉时间是固定的，占用过多的人力和设备，效率低，不利于对链长精度进行有效控制。
 技术问题
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种效率高、质量好的链条智能化预拉及链长检测台。本发明的第二个目的是提供一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测方法。
 技术解决方案
一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，包括机架、工作台面、预拉动力装置、测量动力装置、测长装置和控制台，所述控制台位于机架旁，且控制台接收测长装置的信息对预拉动力装置进行调整控制，所述工作台面固定在机架顶部；所述工作台面上设有两条相互平行的大导轨，且两条大导轨之间还设有第一长条形通孔，所述预拉动力装置包括伺服系统、减速机、皮带、第二丝杆、第二螺母、第一大托板、第一固定块、预拉力传感器、第二固定块、第二大托板和第四固定块，所述第一大托板和第二大托板的底部通过滑块滑动设置在大导轨上，所述第一大托板的一端固定有第一固定块，所述第二大托板靠近第一大托板的一端固定有第二固定块，所述预拉力传感器的一端与第二固定块固定，另一端与第一固定块弹性连接，所述伺服系统、减速机和第二丝杆通过安装板设置在工作台面的底部，减速机通过皮带驱动第二丝杆，且第二丝杆上还设有第二螺母，所述第二螺母贯穿第一长条形通孔后与第一大托板底部相固定，第一大托板能在伺服系统的驱动下沿大导轨直线运动；所述第二大托板上设有两条相互平行的小导轨，且两条小导轨之间还设有第二长条形通孔，所述测量动力装置包括步进电机、第一丝杆、第一螺母、第一小托板、测量力传感器、第三固定块、第二小托板和第四固定块，所述第一小托板和第二小托板的底部滑动设置在小导轨上，所述第一小托板的一端设有向上突起的凸块，所述第二小托板靠近第一小托板的一端固定有第三固定块，另一端固定有夹具，所述测量力传感器的两端分别与凸块、第三固定块固定，所述步进电机和第一丝杆设置在第二大托板的底部，且第一丝杆上还设有第一螺母，所述第一螺母贯穿第二长条形通孔后与第一小托板底部相固定，第一小托板能在步进电机的驱动下沿小导轨直线运动；所述测长装置包括设置在工作台面一侧的光栅尺、直线导轨和自动测量头，所述工作台面上还等距间隔分布多个夹具固定块，夹具固定块固定在机架上，夹具固定块上表面低于工作台面，用盖板盖住保持台面的水平，根据具体的链长可选相应的夹具固定块来固定夹具。
作为优选方案：所述第一固定块的一端设有T形块，所述第一固定块中部设有通孔，所述T形块中部的连接柱贯穿通孔后与预拉力传感器固定，且T形块与第一固定块之间设有压簧。
作为优选方案：所述T形块上连接柱的两侧设有多个容纳压簧的第一凹槽，所述第一固定块上与第一凹槽相对应的位置设有多个第二凹槽，所述压簧的两端分别与第一凹槽和第二凹槽的槽底相抵。
作为优选方案：所述第二大托板远离第一大托板的一端固定有防止第二小托板滑出小导轨的的第四固定块，所述第四固定块上设有供链条穿过的通槽。
作为优选方案：预拉力传感器、测量力传感器与夹具的纵向通槽位于同一条直线。
作为优选方案：所述第二丝杆和伺服系统在安装板上纵向上下设置，且第二丝杆位于伺服系统的上方。
作为优选方案：所述工作台面上两条大导轨的外侧分别设有侧挡板，两个侧挡板之间通过上面板覆盖，且上面板上设有符合第一大托板和第二大托板运动轨迹的缺口，上面板在夹具处也设有缺口。
为了实现上述第二个目的，本发明采用了以下的技术方案：
一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测方法，采用上述链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，步骤如下：
a)、测量链条初始长度：首先根据链条长度选择合适的夹具固定块安装固定端夹具，将链条的一端连接在第二小托板的夹具上，另一端连接在固定端夹具上，伺服系统启动通过减速机和第二丝杆将第二螺母右移，预拉力达到链条张紧及卸压拉力Fa时，伺服系统停止加载并保持；然后步进电机启动驱动第一丝杆将第一螺母右移，测量力达到Fc时步进电机停止并保持测量力等于Fc；自动测量头启动并且沿直线导轨移动至“光栅尺测量首次清零位”，然后自动测量头移至第二小托板上的夹具测量基准面，测量出链条移动端的坐标，自动测量头移动至工作台面上固定链条的夹具处测量链条固定端坐标，同时自动计算所测链长绝对值，自动测量头返回到零点，完成链长初始测量；
b)、第一次预拉：第一螺母左移卸载测量力，当测量力卸载到卸载拉力Fa时停止，伺服系统启动，第二螺母右移，预拉力达到参数表中根据链长偏差选择的F1值时停止并保持预拉力到指定时间，完成第一次预拉；
c)、第一次预拉后测量链长：第二螺母左移卸载预拉力，预拉力达到链条张紧力及卸压拉力Fa时，伺服系统停止移动，步进电机启动，第一螺母右移，测量力达到Fc时步进电机停止并保持测量力等于Fc，自动测量头启动并且沿直线导轨移动至“光栅尺测量首次清零位”，然后自动测量头移至第二小托板上的夹具测量基准面，测量出链条移动端的坐标，自动测量头移动至工作台面上固定链条的夹具处测量链条固定端坐标，同时自动计算所测链长绝对值，自动测量头返回到零点，完成第一次链长测量，根据链长结果判定是否再次进行预拉和测量；
d)、若需要再次进行预拉和测量则重复步骤b)和步骤c)，直至链长符合工艺要求，完成链条的预拉和测量。
 有益效果
本发明创新性的将链条预拉和链长测量集成在一台设备上完成，对链条进行开式预拉及链长测量，根据链长测量数据智能化调整预拉参数使链长在设定的范围内，并判断链长是否符合工艺要求。能完成链条的装夹、智能化预拉、链长自动测量，可自动记录并保存链条规格、预拉力、预拉时间、链长及链长变化量等参数，记录的数据可导出，记录格式按具体要求调整；预拉和链长测量采用两套加载系统，预拉力加载采用伺服系统，配合减速机和精密研磨丝杆加载，测量力加载采用步进马达，配合精密研磨丝杆加载，预拉和测量使用两个拉力传感器，可精确控制链条拉力，预拉力和测量力可在一定范围内根据不同链条规格进行预设置；可通过光栅尺进行链长的自动测量，能根据第一次链长测量数据反馈并进行分析，自动选择预拉参数，预拉后第二次测量链长，可多次根据前一次的链长自动选择预拉参数，实现对预拉和链长精度的智能化控制，并能根据链长数据进行链长分组，并判断链长是否合格，实现智能化。该链条智能化预拉及链长检测台是链条产品制造和检测的创新和跨越式提升。
本发明大大提高了产品生产效率，提高了产品质量，减少不合格品率，减少了加工设备和人工，降低了生产能耗，缩短了产品加工流程，减少了生产加工的场地面积。
 附图说明
图1是本发明整体结构示意图。
图2是本发明预拉力传感器、测量力传感器，固定块以及大小托板的安装结构示意图。
图3是本发明的测量动力装置、第一大托板、第二大托板的结构示意图。
图4是本发明的伺服系统、第二丝杆、第二螺母以及安装板的结构示意图。
图5是本发明的T形块的结构示意图。
图6是本发明的第一固定块的结构示意图。
图7是本发明的夹具的结构示意图。
图8是本发明的第一小托板的结构示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
如图1至图7所示的一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，包括机架1、工作台面2、预拉动力装置、测量动力装置、测长装置和控制台，所述控制台位于机架1旁，且控制台接收测长装置的信息对预拉动力装置进行调整控制，所述工作台面2固定在机架2顶部；所述工作台面2上设有两条相互平行的大导轨，且两条大导轨之间还设有第一长条形通孔，所述预拉动力装置包括伺服系统23、减速机、皮带、第二丝杆24、第二螺母25、第一大托板13、第一固定块7、预拉力传感器8、第二固定块9、第二大托板14和第四固定块12，所述第一大托板13和第二大托板14的底部通过滑块滑动设置在大导轨上，所述第一大托板13的一端固定有第一固定块7，所述第二大托板14靠近第一大托板13的一端固定有第二固定块9，所述预拉力传感器8的一端与第二固定块9固定，另一端与第一固定块7弹性连接，所述伺服系统23、减速机和第二丝杆24通过安装板22设置在工作台面2的底部，减速机通过皮带驱动第二丝杆24，且第二丝杆24上还设有第二螺母25，所述第二螺母25贯穿第一长条形通孔后与第一大托板13底部相固定，第一大托板13能在伺服系统23的驱动下沿大导轨直线运动；所述第二大托板14上设有两条相互平行的小导轨，且两条小导轨之间还设有第二长条形通孔，所述测量动力装置包括步进电机19、第一丝杆21、第一螺母20、第一小托板15、测量力传感器10、第三固定块18、第二小托板16和第四固定块12，所述第一小托板15和第二小托板16的底部滑动设置在小导轨上，所述第一小托板15的一端设有向上突起的凸块161，所述第二小托板16靠近第一小托板15的一端固定有第三固定块18，另一端固定有夹具11，所述测量力传感器10的两端分别与凸块161、第三固定块18固定，所述步进电机19和第一丝杆21设置在第二大托板14的底部，且第一丝杆21上还设有第一螺母20，所述第一螺母20贯穿第二长条形通孔后与第一小托板15底部相固定，第一小托板15能在步进电机19的驱动下沿小导轨直线运动；所述测长装置包括设置在工作台面2一侧的光栅尺、直线导轨和自动测量头，所述工作台面2上还等距间隔分布多个夹具固定块5，夹具固定块5固定在机架1上，夹具固定块5上表面低于工作台面2，用盖板盖住保持台面的水平，根据具体的链长可选相应的夹具固定块5来固定夹具11。
所述第一固定块7的一端设有T形块6，所述第一固定块7中部设有通孔71，所述T形块6中部的连接柱61贯穿通孔71后与预拉力传感器8固定，且T形块6与第一固定块7之间设有压簧17。所述T形块6上连接柱61的两侧设有多个容纳压簧17的第一凹槽62，所述第一固定块7上与第一凹槽62相对应的位置设有多个第二凹槽72，所述压簧17的两端分别与第一凹槽62和第二凹槽72的槽底相抵。弹簧的缓冲作用可以防止丝杆刚性加载时的瞬间过载对链条造成损害。
所述夹具11的上端面设有纵向通槽111，且纵向通槽111的侧壁上设有弧形收拢台阶部113，所述夹具11靠近弧形收拢台阶部113的一个侧面上设有横向通槽112，横向通槽112中部的槽底 与纵向通槽111连通。
所述第二大托板14远离第一大托板13的一端固定有防止第二小托板16滑出小导轨的的第四固定块12，所述第四固定块12上设有供链条穿过的通槽。
预拉力传感器8、测量力传感器10与夹具11的纵向通槽111位于同一条直线。所述第二丝杆24和伺服系统23在安装板22上纵向上下设置，且第二丝杆24位于伺服系统23的上方。
所述工作台面2上两条大导轨的外侧分别设有侧挡板3，两个侧挡板3之间通过上面板4覆盖，且上面板4上设有符合第一大托板13和第二大托板14运动轨迹的缺口，上面板4在夹具11处也设有缺口。
一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测方法，采用上述的链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，步骤如下：
a)、测量链条初始长度：首先根据链条长度选择合适的夹具固定块安装固定端夹具，将链条的一端连接在第二小托板的夹具上，另一端连接在固定端夹具上，伺服系统启动通过减速机和第二丝杆将第二螺母右移，预拉力达到链条张紧及卸压拉力Fa时，伺服系统停止加载并保持；然后步进电机启动驱动第一丝杆将第一螺母右移，测量力达到Fc时步进电机停止并保持测量力等于Fc；自动测量头启动并且沿直线导轨移动至“光栅尺测量首次清零位”，然后自动测量头移至第二小托板上的夹具测量基准面，测量出链条移动端的坐标，自动测量头移动至工作台面上固定链条的夹具处测量链条固定端坐标，同时自动计算所测链长绝对值，自动测量头返回到零点，完成链长初始测量；
b)、第一次预拉：第一螺母左移卸载测量力，当测量力卸载到卸载拉力Fa时停止，伺服系统启动，第二螺母右移，预拉力达到参数表中根据链长偏差选择的F1值时停止并保持预拉力到指定时间，完成第一次预拉；
c)、第一次预拉后测量链长：第二螺母左移卸载预拉力，预拉力达到链条张紧力及卸压拉力Fa时，伺服系统停止移动，步进电机启动，第一螺母右移，测量力达到Fc时步进电机停止并保持测量力等于Fc，自动测量头启动并且沿直线导轨移动至“光栅尺测量首次清零位”，然后自动测量头移至第二小托板上的夹具测量基准面，测量出链条移动端的坐标，自动测量头移动至工作台面上固定链条的夹具处测量链条固定端坐标，同时自动计算所测链长绝对值，自动测量头返回到零点，完成第一次链长测量，根据链长结果判定是否再次进行预拉和测量；
d)、若需要再次进行预拉和测量则重复步骤b)和步骤c)，直至链长符合工艺要求，完成链条的预拉和测量。
链条的预拉力和测量力都是以链条抗拉强度Fu的百分比来计算的，标准滚子链的预拉力为30%~60%Fu，而测量链长时的测量力为1%Fu，同意规格链条的预拉力是测量力的30倍以上，如果不同规格链条的预拉和测长在一台设备上，大规格链条的预拉力是小规格链条测量力的100倍以上，甚至可达300倍。如果采用一套动力系统，则要求加载和测量系统的精度非常高，精度高时会降低加载和卸载的速度。链条的预拉力和测量力相差很大，预拉和链长测量采用独立运行的丝杆加载系统和独特的2套直线导轨和装在导轨上4个托板的组合结构，并采用两套加载系统，预拉力加载采用伺服系统，配合减速机和精密研磨丝杆加载，测量力加载采用步进马达，配合精密研磨丝杆加载，预拉和测量使用两个拉力传感器，可精确控制链条预拉力和链长测量力，确保链长测量的精度，且预拉力和测量力可通过人工设置，增加了设备的柔性。
本发明可自动记录并保存链条规格、预拉力、预拉时间、链长及链长变化量等参数，记录的数据可导出，记录格式按具体要求调整，本发明整机带有自动恒温系统，可有效避免测量时由于温度差带来的尺寸变化，
应当指出，以上实施例仅是本发明的代表性例子。本发明还可以有许多变形。凡是依据本发明的实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均应认为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，其特征在于：包括机架（1）、工作台面（2）、预拉动力装置、测量动力装置、测长装置和控制台，所述控制台位于机架（1）旁，且控制台接收测长装置的信息对预拉动力装置进行调整控制，所述工作台面（2）固定在机架（1）顶部；所述工作台面（2）上设有两条相互平行的大导轨，且两条大导轨之间还设有第一长条形通孔，所述预拉动力装置包括伺服系统（23）、减速机、皮带、第二丝杆（24）、第二螺母（25）、第一大托板（13）、第一固定块（7）、预拉力传感器（8）、第二固定块（9）、第二大托板（14）和第四固定块（12），所述第一大托板（13）和第二大托板（14）的底部通过滑块滑动设置在大导轨上，所述第一大托板（13）的一端固定有第一固定块（7），所述第二大托板（14）靠近第一大托板（13）的一端固定有第二固定块（9），所述预拉力传感器（8）的一端与第二固定块（9）固定，另一端与第一固定块（7）弹性连接，所述伺服系统（23）、减速机和第二丝杆（24）通过安装板（22）设置在工作台面（2）的底部，减速机通过皮带驱动第二丝杆（24），且第二丝杆（24）上还设有第二螺母（25），所述第二螺母（25）贯穿第一长条形通孔后与第一大托板（13）底部相固定，第一大托板（13）能在伺服系统（23）的驱动下沿大导轨直线运动；所述第二大托板（14）上设有两条相互平行的小导轨，且两条小导轨之间还设有第二长条形通孔，所述测量动力装置包括步进电机（19）、第一丝杆（21）、第一螺母（20）、第一小托板（15）、测量力传感器（10）、第三固定块（18）、第二小托板（16）和第四固定块（12），所述第一小托板（15）和第二小托板（16）的底部滑动设置在小导轨上，所述第一小托板（15）的一端设有向上突起的凸块（161），所述第二小托板（16）靠近第一小托板（15）的一端固定有第三固定块（18），另一端固定有夹具（11），所述测量力传感器（10）的两端分别与凸块（161）、第三固定块（18）固定，所述步进电机（19）和第一丝杆（21）设置在第二大托板（14）的底部，且第一丝杆（21）上还设有第一螺母（20），所述第一螺母（20）贯穿第二长条形通孔后与第一小托板（15）底部相固定，第一小托板（15）能在步进电机（19）的驱动下沿小导轨直线运动；所述测长装置包括设置在工作台面（2）一侧的光栅尺、直线导轨和自动测量头，所述工作台面（2）上还等距间隔分布多个夹具固定块（5），夹具固定块（5）固定在机架（1）上，夹具固定块（5）上表面低于工作台面（2），用盖板盖住保持台面的水平，根据具体的链长可选相应的夹具固定块（5）来固定夹具（11）。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，其特征在于：所述第一固定块（7）的一端设有T形块（6），所述第一固定块（7）中部设有通孔（71），所述T形块（6）中部的连接柱（61）贯穿通孔（71）后与预拉力传感器（8）固定，且T形块（6）与第一固定块（7）之间设有压簧（17）。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，其特征在于：所述T形块（6）上连接柱（61）的两侧设有多个容纳压簧（17）的第一凹槽（62），所述第一固定块（7）上与第一凹槽（62）相对应的位置设有多个第二凹槽（72），所述压簧（17）的两端分别与第一凹槽（62）和第二凹槽（72）的槽底相抵。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，其特征在于：所述第二大托板（14）远离第一大托板（13）的一端固定有防止第二小托板（16）滑出小导轨的的第四固定块（12），所述第四固定块（12）上设有供链条穿过的通槽。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，其特征在于：预拉力传感器（8）、测量力传感器（10）与夹具（11）的纵向通槽（111）位于同一条直线。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，其特征在于：所述第二丝杆（24）和伺服系统（23）在安装板（22）上纵向上下设置，且第二丝杆（24）位于伺服系统（23）的上方。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，其特征在于：所述工作台面（2）上两条大导轨的外侧分别设有侧挡板（3），两个侧挡板（3）之间通过上面板（4）覆盖，且上面板（4）上设有符合第一大托板（13）和第二大托板（14）运动轨迹的缺口，上面板（4）在夹具（11）处也设有缺口。
  8. 一种链条智能化预拉及链长检测方法，其特征在于：采用上述权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的链条智能化预拉及链长检测台，步骤如下：
    a)、测量链条初始长度：首先根据链条长度选择合适的夹具固定块安装固定端夹具，将链条的一端连接在第二小托板的夹具上，另一端连接在固定端夹具上，伺服系统启动通过减速机和第二丝杆将第二螺母右移，预拉力达到链条张紧及卸压拉力Fa时，伺服系统停止加载并保持；然后步进电机启动驱动第一丝杆将第一螺母右移，测量力达到Fc时步进电机停止并保持测量力等于Fc；自动测量头启动并且沿直线导轨移动至“光栅尺测量首次清零位”，然后自动测量头移至第二小托板上的夹具测量基准面，测量出链条移动端的坐标，自动测量头移动至工作台面上固定链条的夹具处测量链条固定端坐标，同时自动计算所测链长绝对值，自动测量头返回到零点，完成链长初始测量；
    b)、第一次预拉：第一螺母左移卸载测量力，当测量力卸载到卸载拉力Fa时停止，伺服系统启动，第二螺母右移，预拉力达到参数表中根据链长偏差选择的F1值时停止并保持预拉力到指定时间，完成第一次预拉；
    c)、第一次预拉后测量链长：第二螺母左移卸载预拉力，预拉力达到链条张紧力及卸压拉力Fa时，伺服系统停止移动，步进电机启动，第一螺母右移，测量力达到Fc时步进电机停止并保持测量力等于Fc，自动测量头启动并且沿直线导轨移动至“光栅尺测量首次清零位”，然后自动测量头移至第二小托板上的夹具测量基准面，测量出链条移动端的坐标，自动测量头移动至工作台面上固定链条的夹具处测量链条固定端坐标，同时自动计算所测链长绝对值，自动测量头返回到零点，完成第一次链长测量，根据链长结果判定是否再次进行预拉和测量；
    d)、若需要再次进行预拉和测量则重复步骤b)和步骤c)，直至链长符合工艺要求，完成链条的预拉和测量。
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