WO2019162016A1 - Réglage d'un état de fonctionnement déterminé d'une machine électrique d'un véhicule - Google Patents

Réglage d'un état de fonctionnement déterminé d'une machine électrique d'un véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019162016A1
WO2019162016A1 PCT/EP2019/051482 EP2019051482W WO2019162016A1 WO 2019162016 A1 WO2019162016 A1 WO 2019162016A1 EP 2019051482 W EP2019051482 W EP 2019051482W WO 2019162016 A1 WO2019162016 A1 WO 2019162016A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
voltage network
inverter
control signal
drive unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/051482
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander BIRK
Manuel Schwab
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Publication of WO2019162016A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019162016A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
    • H02P29/0241—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the fault being an overvoltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. DC/AC converters
    • H02H7/1222—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. DC/AC converters responsive to abnormalities in the input circuit, e.g. transients in the DC input
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for setting a predetermined operating state of an electric machine of a vehicle according to the main claims.
  • An inverter-driven electric machine should reach a safe state as a safety-critical subsystem in the event of a fault. This is typically an operating point where the electric machine generates a reduced torque that can not destabilize the vehicle.
  • the safe state of a permanent-magnet synchronous machine depending on the operating point, an active short-circuit mode or an inverter lock.
  • active short-circuit mode usually at least two, but more favorably all motor windings are short-circuited with the electrical switches of the inverter.
  • This mode represents the safe system state for a PSM and can be established with different switch positions of the inverter.
  • the switches of the inverter In the inverter lock, the switches of the inverter (all) are opened, so that the motor windings of the electrical machine are not energized by the inverter.
  • a B6 bridge circuit is used for the inverter.
  • a switch of such a bridge circuit for example, an IGBT diode combination or a MOSFET can be used.
  • the active short-circuit mode (AKS), also known as active short-circuit, is typically produced by simultaneously closing all high-side switches (HS) or alternatively all low-side switches (LS). The switches of the respective opposite side remain open. This mode is then also called three-phase or in a multiphase system full-phase short-circuit mode.
  • the active short-circuit mode usually, only one of the two switch positions is used for the active short-circuit mode. This can be implemented very easily by hardware. Alternatively, a changing active short-circuit mode can be used. This is regularly changed between two possible switch positions by means of a corresponding control of the switch.
  • a voltage converter In order to achieve the safe state even in the event of a failure of the electrical system of the vehicle, which is usually designed as a low-voltage network with an operating voltage of, for example, 12 volts, usually a voltage converter is used. This converts a voltage available in a high voltage network and makes it available to the electrical system. Such a voltage converter continues to supply the low-voltage network with voltage even when the vehicle electrical system drops.
  • the high voltage network is provided here primarily as an energy source for an electric traction motor of the vehicle and has a voltage of, for example, several hundred volts in order to provide the traction motor with sufficiently high electrical energy to propel the vehicle can.
  • the present invention provides an improved apparatus and an improved method for setting a (pre-) certain operating state of an electric machine of a vehicle according to the main claims.
  • Advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below.
  • a device for setting a specific operating state of an electric machine of a vehicle is presented, in particular a predetermined operating state.
  • the device has the following features:
  • An inverter for supplying an electric power supplied from a high-voltage network of the vehicle to the electric machine.
  • a drive unit for applying at least one switch of the inverter with a control signal to bring the switch in a (pre) certain operating state of the electric machine corresponding switching state.
  • the control unit is equipped with a low-voltage network and the high-voltage network coupled.
  • the drive unit is in this case designed to generate the control signal using energy directly from the high-voltage network.
  • a switch may, for example, be understood as a subelement of a bridge or a half bridge of the inverter.
  • a switch for example, an IGBT or a MOSFET can be used.
  • a predetermined safe state of the electric machine Under a (pre-) certain operating state of the electric machine is understood in particular a predetermined safe state of the electric machine.
  • Such a (pre-) certain operating state of the electrical machine can therefore be understood to mean either an active short circuit of windings / phases of the electrical machine (active short circuit mode, AKS), or a separation of the (all) windings / phases of the electric machine from one Energy source to be understood, or an inverter lock (opening all switches of the inverter) are understood.
  • AKS active short circuit mode
  • AKS active short circuit mode
  • an inverter lock opening all switches of the inverter
  • a switching state means a closed state of the switch (i.e., a state in which the switch is conductive) or an open state of the switch (i.e., a state in which the switch is not conductive).
  • a low-voltage network can be understood to be an electrical network in which a lower voltage level exists than in the high-voltage network.
  • the low-voltage network can be used to transmit sensor and / or control signals.
  • the high voltage network can be used to supply electrical energy that is converted by the inverter and thus provided to the electrical machine for its operation.
  • the high-voltage network may have a voltage of several hundred volts and be connected to a (high-voltage) battery or a corresponding accumulator.
  • the high voltage network and the low-voltage network so separated from each other electrically that damage to components of the low-voltage network is prevented by the electrical voltage present in the high-voltage network.
  • the approach presented here is based on the knowledge that the at least one switch of the inverter can be controlled by the drive unit using energy directly from the high-voltage network, without the use of electrical energy from the low-voltage network is required for this purpose.
  • the drive unit is therefore connected directly to the high-voltage network.
  • the direct connection of the drive unit to the high-voltage network ensures that even if a failure or when starting the vehicle electrical system, which usually forms the low-voltage network, the at least one switch of the inverter can be brought into a specific switching state very quickly. As a result, the electric machine can be brought into a safe state as a result.
  • the energy directly from the high-voltage network which is usually available continuously and stably, it is thus possible to design an operation of the electrical machine safely even in borderline situations. In this way it can also be avoided that in case of failure or startup of the low-voltage network, an undefined switching state of the switch of the inverter is present, which can lead to a critical operating state of the electrical machines.
  • the device for setting the specific operating state of the electric machine may be an electrical device which processes electrical signals, for example sensor signals, and outputs control signals in dependence thereon.
  • the device may have one or more suitable interfaces, which may be formed in hardware and / or software.
  • the interfaces may be part of an integrated circuit in which functions of the device are implemented.
  • the interfaces may also be their own integrated circuits or at least partially consist of discrete components.
  • the editing may be software modules that are present for example on a microcontroller in addition to other software modules. The same applies to the drive unit.
  • the device for setting the specific operating state can be designed to generate the specific operating state in the event of an error. Accordingly, the drive unit is then designed to generate the control signal in the event of a fault using energy directly from the high-voltage network.
  • an error case can be, for example, an unsuitable operation of the electrical machine and / or the low-voltage network, such as, for example, a (complete or partial) failure of a vehicle electrical system designed as a low-voltage network.
  • Such an error case is therefore outside normal operation.
  • the criteria for the existence of such an error case may have been specified in advance.
  • a normal operation is understood to mean, in particular, a designated field-oriented control (FOS) or a field-oriented control (FOR) of the electrical machine by means of the inverter.
  • the device for setting the specific operating state may have a further (second) drive unit, which serves for controlling the at least one switch of the inverter in normal operation.
  • This further drive unit is preferably designed conventionally. It therefore does not need to be discussed in more detail on this further drive unit.
  • the energy for controlling the at least one switch in normal operation is then taken in particular directly from the low-voltage network.
  • the at least one switch of the inverter is driven in normal operation by signals from the low-voltage network. Accordingly, it can be provided that the aforementioned (first) drive unit for setting the specific operating state of the electrical machine is used only outside of normal operation, that is, for example, in certain emergency situations. Then it is necessary to insert the (pre-) specific operating state.
  • the aforementioned (first) drive unit is accordingly designed as an emergency drive unit.
  • the device for setting the specific operating state may include or be a control device of the inverter. Such a control device may have the aforementioned (first) drive unit. Such a control unit can also have the further (second) drive unit for normal operation.
  • An embodiment in which the drive unit has a linear regulator and / or a voltage divider for converting energy from the high-voltage network to provide the control signal is advantageous.
  • Such an embodiment offers the advantage of being able to provide the corresponding control signal for actuating the switch of the inverter with technically simple means and very quickly.
  • the inverter comprises a bridge circuit, in particular a B6 bridge circuit, wherein the switch controlled by the drive unit then forms a subsection of the bridge circuit.
  • the inverter may have at least one second switch in addition to the aforementioned (first) switch.
  • the drive unit is designed to act on the at least one second switch of the inverter with a second control signal to bring the second switch in a (pre) certain operating state corresponding switching state.
  • the drive unit is designed to also generate the second control signal using energy directly from the high-voltage network.
  • the switching state of the second switch may correspond to the switching state of the aforementioned (first) switch.
  • the switching states may be the same or they may be inverted to each other.
  • the first switch and the second switch may form a half-bridge of the inverter. One of the first and second switches then forms a high-side switch and the other of the first and second switches then forms a low-side switch.
  • the device may be configured to control, analogously to the described procedure, also other or all switches of the inverter for setting the specific operating state of the electrical machine.
  • the drive unit is designed to also generate the control signal (s) in dependence on a voltage level present in the low-voltage network.
  • the control signal (s) may be provided when the voltage level in the low voltage network is less than five volts, for example, zero volts.
  • the drive unit may be designed to generate the control signal or signals in dependence on a voltage level of the high-voltage network.
  • Such an embodiment offers the advantage of being able to set a specific switching state of the switch as a function of a currently present voltage level of the high-voltage network.
  • a selection of one of several safety functions for the operation of the electrical machine is possible.
  • a very flexible adjustment of the safety function of the electrical machine in dependence on the existing voltage level of the high-voltage network can be achieved.
  • the first high voltage level is greater than the second high voltage level.
  • Such an embodiment offers the advantage of being able to specify an active short circuit of the windings / phases of the electrical machine when the voltage of the high-voltage network is greater than a certain level (first high-voltage level). In such a case, sufficient energy can be present in the high-voltage network in order to be able to bring the electrical machine into certain critical operating states. However, if the voltage level in the high voltage network is low compared to the level mentioned above (second high voltage level), it may be assumed that there is also a fault in the high voltage network. The energy in this high-voltage network may then no longer be sufficient to bring the electrical machine into a safety-critical state. In this case, it may be sufficient to switch the inverter into the switching state of the inverter lock and accordingly to open the at least one switch.
  • the drive unit may be configured to block drive signals from the low voltage grid to control the switch when the control signal is generated using energy directly from the high voltage grid.
  • Such blocking may, for example, be non-forwarding.
  • control signals come in particular from the above-mentioned further (second) drive unit, which is used for normal operation.
  • Such an embodiment offers the advantage of possibly suppressing incorrectly determined drive signals from the low-voltage network.
  • the control of the at least one switch is not hindered in the corresponding switching state and ensures reliability of the electrical machine.
  • the above-mentioned advantages can also be realized in one embodiment as a method for setting a predetermined operating state of an electric machine of a vehicle. This is done using the device presented here. The method comprises the following steps:
  • a computer program product with program code which can be stored on a machine-readable carrier such as a semiconductor memory, a hard disk memory or an optical memory and is used to carry out the method according to one of the embodiments described above if the program is installed on a computer or a device is also of advantage is performed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a vehicle in which an electrical system with a device and an electric machine is arranged.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram representation of a signal flow
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for setting a predetermined operating state of an electric machine of a vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a vehicle 100, in detail of a motor vehicle, in which an electrical system 105 with a device 110 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and an electric machine 115 are arranged.
  • the electric machine 115 may be, for example, a traction motor, by means of which the vehicle 100 can be driven, that is, can be moved.
  • the electrical machine 115 is supplied with electrical energy from a high-voltage network 120, which has a high-voltage network energy storage 125, for example a high-voltage battery.
  • the high voltage network energy storage 125 may provide a (DC) voltage of several hundred volts, for example, 600 volts to 800 volts. This is provided to an inverter 130.
  • the inverter 130 comprises, for example, a bridge circuit with a plurality of switches 135, of which only two are exemplarily provided with a reference symbol in FIG. 1 (reference numerals 135 and 135 ').
  • an alternating voltage can be provided on three phase lines 140 from the energy provided by the high-voltage network 120.
  • the electric machine 115 can now be operated as an electric motor, in particular as a traction motor of the vehicle 100.
  • electrical energy can be supplied to a voltage converter 145 (for example a switching power supply) from the high-voltage network 120.
  • the voltage converter 145 provides electrical energy to a low-voltage network 150 of the vehicle 100, which has a lower electrical voltage than the electrical voltage in the high-voltage network 120.
  • the low-voltage network 150 for example, work as a vehicle electrical system with the voltages of 12 volts, 24 volts or 48 volts used in automotive technology and correspondingly supply electrical energy to microelectronic components, such as integrated circuits, microcontrollers or the like.
  • the low-voltage network 150 actuates the switches 135, 135 'of the inverter 130 by means of PWM signals 152.
  • PWM signals 152 are generated by a conventional drive unit, not shown in detail, in the low-voltage network 150, which is used for the normal operation of the device 110 ,
  • one or more of the switches 135, 135 'of the inverter 130 may fall into an undefined switching state, so that possibly the electric machine 115 is subjected to a high electrical power and enters a safety-critical operating state. Then she can, for example, perform an unwanted jerky movement. Although such a case will occur only in very short periods of time, this may be sufficient to put the electric machine 115 and / or the vehicle 100 in the above-mentioned critical operating condition.
  • the device 110 has a drive unit 155 which will be described in more detail below.
  • This drive unit 155 is connected between the low-voltage network 150 on the one hand and the inverter 130 or at least one of the switches 135, 135 'of the inverter 130 on the other hand.
  • the drive unit 155 is further connected to the high voltage network 120 to receive high voltage power from the high voltage network 120.
  • the drive unit 155 is further configured to connect at least one, preferably all, of the switches 135, 135 'using a respective control signal 160,
  • An advantage of the use of electrical energy directly from the high-voltage network 120 is that this energy is usually reliable and stable ready and thus the control signal 160, 160 'is very quickly available. This can be done in the range of microseconds, for example. Thus, a significant time advantage over the use of signals from the low voltage network 150 (PWM signals 152) can be realized.
  • control signal 160 activates the (first) switch 135 and the control signal 160 'activates the (second) switch 135' according to the determined operating state, for example to produce a short circuit (active short-circuit mode) between at least two of the phase lines 140 and thus at least short circuit two windings / phase lines 140 of the electric machine 115.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram representation of a signal flow to the device 110 for setting the predetermined operating state of the electric machine 115.
  • a motor control unit 200 which is operated with the low-voltage network 150, at least one PWM signal 152 for controlling at least one of the switches 135 , 135 'of the inverter 130.
  • This PWM signal 152 which has the voltage level of the low-voltage network 150, is amplified by a driver unit 210 and transferred to a corresponding input of an interface 215 to the high-voltage network 120.
  • the PWM signal 152 is converted by the driver unit 210 into an amplified PWM signal 152 'and supplied to a booster unit 220 to obtain a re-amplified PWM signal 152 ".
  • the one supplied by the booster unit 220 and again amplified PWM signal 152 " is then supplied to the device 110.
  • the device 110 By using the device 110 in the region or at least with energy of the high-voltage network 120, it is not necessary to provide the low-voltage network 150 with voltage in the event of an error.
  • the again amplified PWM signal 152 is suppressed, for example, directly after the booster unit 220, in the event of a fault in the low-voltage network 150.
  • the at least one switch 135, 135 'of the inverter 130 (here, by way of example, the switch 135) is then driven using the control signal 160 generated with energy from the high-voltage network 120.
  • the gate or the base of this switch 135 is charged to a defined electrical potential, so that the switch 135 is selectively opened or closed and remains in this switching state.
  • the specific operating state of the electric machine 115 is generated.
  • the device 110 is embodied as a hardware circuit (hardware control module). It is fed directly from the high voltage network 120.
  • the device 110 can realize the following functions: First, a power supply of the device 110 can be realized from the high voltage network 120 with minimum turn-on latency (in the range of a few microseconds), since no voltage converter 145 is required to switch the switch 135 into the switching state for the particular operating state bring. Furthermore, an evaluation of the low-voltage, so the voltage level of the low-voltage network 150. Alternatively or additionally, an evaluation of the high-voltage, that is the voltage level of the high-voltage network 120. Alternatively or additionally, blocking the PWM signals 152, 152 ', 152 " done to avoid an undefined switching state of the switch 135.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a device 110 according to one exemplary embodiment.
  • the device 1 10 includes, for example, a voltage converter 300 for the electrical voltage of the control signal 160.
  • This voltage converter 300 may be configured as a linear regulator and / or as a voltage divider.
  • a voltage divider 310 is provided with six ohmic resistors connected in series.
  • a series circuit 315 of three switches (exemplified as transistors) is provided.
  • the base terminal of the first switch is connected to a tap point after the first two resistors of the voltage divider 310 (from the high voltage power input terminal 305).
  • the base terminal of the second switch is connected to a tap point after the first four resistors of the voltage divider 310 (viewed from the high voltage power input terminal 305).
  • the base terminal of the third switch is connected via an ohmic resistor to the first tapping point AP1.
  • the controlled output of the third switch of the series circuit 315 provides, via an ohmic resistance, the control signal 160 which is applied to the gate of the switch 135 (exemplified as IGBT).
  • the control signal 160 is further connected via a capacitor and a resistor to a ground terminal. Furthermore, an anode of a diode, whose cathode is connected to the first tap point AP1, is also connected to this ground connection.
  • the switch 135 can be understood with this additional circuit as a switching element 320 of the inverter 130.
  • a high-voltage evaluation unit 330 is provided.
  • This high voltage evaluation unit 330 includes an evaluation switch (exemplified as IGBT) connected between the first tap point AP1 and the ground terminal.
  • a second tap point AP2 is provided, which is coupled via an ohmic resistance of the voltage divider 310 to the first tap point AP1.
  • the second tap point AP2 is coupled via an ohmic resistance to the control terminal of the evaluation switch, wherein a cathode of a diode between see this control terminal of the evaluation switch and the ground terminal is also coupled to the control terminal of the evaluation switch.
  • the second tap point AP2 is further connected via a voltage divider to the ground terminal.
  • Another evaluation switch is coupled in the form of another switch (exemplified as a transistor) between the control terminal of the evaluation switch and the ground terminal.
  • the control terminal of the further evaluation switch is coupled to a tapping point between the resistances of the second tapping point AP2 and the ground terminal.
  • a low-voltage evaluation unit 340 of the device 110 is also provided. Through these, a voltage level of the PWM signal 152 or 152 'or 152 "can be monitored, or a control signal 160 derived from this voltage level can be generated.
  • the low voltage evaluation unit 340 includes a low voltage evaluation switch (exemplified as IGBT) connected between the first tap point AP1 and the ground terminal.
  • the control terminal of the low-voltage evaluation switch is connected to the ground terminal via an ohmic resistor and a capacitance connected in parallel with it.
  • this control terminal is connected to an input terminal 345 of the low-voltage evaluation unit 340 via a series connection of an ohmic resistor, a diode which is connected in the forward direction to the low-voltage evaluation switch, and a capacitor.
  • the PWM signal 152 or 152 'or 152 is then the PWM signal 152 "on.
  • the provision of the control signal 160 can thus take place in dependence on a voltage level in the low-voltage network 150 and additionally or alternatively on a voltage level in the high-voltage network 120.
  • activation or deactivation of the switch 135 with a hysteresis in the device 110 depending on the voltage level of the high-voltage network can be implemented as a function module.
  • the switch 135 may be opened and kept open to implement an inverter lock.
  • the switch 135 may be closed and closed to realize an active short-circuit mode.
  • the (high voltage level) values X and Y can be made selectable in order to be able to implement a simple control of the electric machine 115, depending on the type of vehicle 100 and / or the electric machine 115.
  • the at least one switch 135 for an active short-circuit mode (AKS) of the electric machine 115 is closed when both the voltage level in the high-voltage network 120 is above the first high-voltage level Y and the voltage level of the low-voltage network 150 is below a threshold value (FIG. of, for example, 5 volts), in particular at 0 volts.
  • a threshold value FOG. of, for example, 5 volts
  • Such an embodiment may be technically very easily imaged by the use of an AND gate.
  • a comparator output of a comparator is present as the first input for comparing whether the voltage level in the high-voltage network 120 is above the first high-voltage threshold value Y.
  • a negated voltage value of the low-voltage network 150 is present as the second input. It is assumed here that the active short-circuit mode (AKS) should then be set if in the low-voltage network actually only a voltage value of 0 volts is present, otherwise a comparator with a corresponding wiring of the inputs would also have to be used here.
  • AVS active short-circuit mode
  • the switch 130, 135 ' may be opened for an inverter lockout of the inverter 130 when both the voltage level in the high voltage grid 120 is less than the second high voltage level X and the voltage level of the low voltage grid 150 is below a threshold (eg, 5 volts) ), in particular at 0 volts.
  • a threshold eg, 5 volts
  • Such an embodiment may be technically very easily imaged by the use of an AND gate.
  • the AND gate is then as the first input, for example, a comparator output of a comparator, for comparing whether the Voltage level in the high voltage network 120 is below the second high voltage threshold X.
  • a negated voltage value of the low-voltage network 150 is present as the second input.
  • the inverter blocking should then be set if in the low-voltage network actually only one voltage value of 0 volt is present, otherwise a comparator with a corresponding wiring of the inputs would also have to be used here.
  • the method 400 comprises a step 410 of supplying electrical energy from the high-voltage network 120 to the Drive unit 155. And the method 400 includes a step 420 of generating the control signal 160 to drive the switch 135 of the inverter 130 using the power supplied directly from the high voltage network 120 to switch the switch 135 to a predetermined operating state of the electric machine 1 15 To bring switching state.
  • an exemplary embodiment comprises a "and / or" link between a first feature and a second feature
  • this can be read so that the embodiment according to one embodiment, both the first feature and the second feature and according to another embodiment, either only the first Feature or only the second feature.
  • AP2 second tap point 400 A method for setting a predetermined operating state of an electric machine of a vehicle

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (110) permettant de régler un état de fonctionnement déterminé d'une machine électrique (115) d'un véhicule (100), ledit dispositif (110) présentant un onduleur (130) destiné à fournir à la machine électrique (115) une énergie électrique provenant d'un réseau haute tension (120) du véhicule (100). Ledit dispositif (110) comprend en outre une unité de commande (155) destinée à solliciter au moins un commutateur (135, 135') avec un signal de commande (160, 160'), de manière à placer le commutateur (135, 135') de l'onduleur (130) dans un état de commutation correspondant à un état de fonctionnement déterminé de la machine électrique (115), l'unité de commande (155) étant reliée à un réseau basse tension (150) et à un réseau haute tension (120) et l'unité de commande (155) étant conçue de manière à générer le signal de commande (160, 160') au moyen de l'énergie provenant directement du réseau haute tension (120.
PCT/EP2019/051482 2018-02-22 2019-01-22 Réglage d'un état de fonctionnement déterminé d'une machine électrique d'un véhicule Ceased WO2019162016A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018202662.9A DE102018202662A1 (de) 2018-02-22 2018-02-22 Einstellen eines bestimmten Betriebszustands einer elektrischen Maschine eines Fahrzeugs
DE102018202662.9 2018-02-22

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WO2019162016A1 true WO2019162016A1 (fr) 2019-08-29

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022120271A1 (de) * 2022-08-11 2024-02-22 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Steuern von bidirektionalen Transistoren einer Wechselrichteranordnung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017118815A (ja) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-29 アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 インバータ制御回路
DE102016207195A1 (de) * 2016-04-27 2017-11-02 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag System zum aktiven Kurzschließen von Phasen eines Wechselrichters und Kraftfahrzeugantrieb

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012102878A1 (de) * 2012-04-03 2013-10-10 Semikron Elektronik Gmbh & Co. Kg Stromrichter mit Zwischenkreis, sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Stromrichters

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017118815A (ja) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-29 アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 インバータ制御回路
DE102016207195A1 (de) * 2016-04-27 2017-11-02 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag System zum aktiven Kurzschließen von Phasen eines Wechselrichters und Kraftfahrzeugantrieb

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022120271A1 (de) * 2022-08-11 2024-02-22 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Steuern von bidirektionalen Transistoren einer Wechselrichteranordnung

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