WO2019167446A1 - スイッチング回路 - Google Patents
スイッチング回路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019167446A1 WO2019167446A1 PCT/JP2019/000731 JP2019000731W WO2019167446A1 WO 2019167446 A1 WO2019167446 A1 WO 2019167446A1 JP 2019000731 W JP2019000731 W JP 2019000731W WO 2019167446 A1 WO2019167446 A1 WO 2019167446A1
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- terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
- H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
- H03K17/0812—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit
- H03K17/08122—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/10—Modifications for increasing the maximum permissible switched voltage
- H03K17/102—Modifications for increasing the maximum permissible switched voltage in field-effect transistor switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/04—Modifications for accelerating switching
- H03K17/041—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
- H03K17/04106—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/04—Modifications for accelerating switching
- H03K17/041—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
- H03K17/0412—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/04—Modifications for accelerating switching
- H03K17/041—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
- H03K17/0412—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit
- H03K17/04123—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
- H03K17/6877—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the control circuit comprising active elements different from those used in the output circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/74—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/538—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/0036—Means reducing energy consumption
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/0054—Gating switches, e.g. pass gates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/0081—Power supply means, e.g. to the switch driver
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a switching circuit for driving a switching element, and more particularly to a circuit for driving a normally-off junction field effect transistor as a switching element.
- Switching devices are used in devices such as switching power supplies and inverters, and circuit components such as capacitors and transformers can be downsized by increasing the switching frequency of the switching devices.
- circuit components such as capacitors and transformers can be downsized by increasing the switching frequency of the switching devices.
- a normally-off type junction field effect transistor using a wide band gap type compound semiconductor, represented by a GaN transistor, has attracted attention as a switching element for such high frequency applications.
- switching circuits that drive normally-off junction field effect transistors as switching elements (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- a transistor to be driven by the switching circuit is also simply referred to as “switching element” hereinafter.
- Patent Document 1 as a drive circuit for driving a switching element, a plurality of resistors are provided between the output terminals of the first switch element and the second switch element constituting the drive signal generation circuit and the gate terminal of the switching element. And a circuit in which one capacitor is connected is disclosed. This makes it possible to individually and optimally adjust the gate charge current and discharge current of the switching element, and to prevent malfunctions when the switching element is turned on and turned off.
- the turning-on and turning-off of the switching element are also simply referred to as “turn-on” and “turn-off”, respectively.
- a capacitor is connected between the drive signal generation circuit and the gate terminal of the switching element as a drive circuit for driving the switching element, and further between the gate terminal and the source terminal of the switching element.
- a circuit to which a reverse bias voltage generation circuit including a rectifier element and a Zener diode is connected This speeds up the turn-off operation.
- the reflux operation refers to an operation of continuing to flow a current to the inductive load via the switching element when the current flowing to the inductive load connected to the switching element is interrupted.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is a switching circuit for driving a switching element, which suppresses the occurrence of a gate breakdown voltage failure with respect to the switching element, suppresses a loss during a reflux operation, It is an object of the present invention to provide a switching circuit that can alleviate the limit of high-frequency operation of a switching element, maintain the conduction state at turn-on more reliably, and suppress the occurrence of false firing.
- a switching circuit includes a normally-off junction field effect transistor having a source terminal, a drain terminal, and a gate terminal, a first power input terminal, and the first power input terminal.
- a first output terminal that outputs a potential of a power input terminal or a high impedance state; a second power input terminal; a second output terminal that outputs a potential or high impedance state of the second power input terminal; and
- a first rectifier element connected between the moving part, between the source terminal and the gate terminal, having an anode on the source terminal side, and having a cathode on the gate terminal side; and the first output terminal;
- a first resistor connected between the gate terminal and a series circuit connected in parallel with the first resistor, the capacitor including a capacitor and a second resistor connected in series;
- a series circuit and a second rectifying element having an anode on the gate terminal side and a cathode on the second output terminal side, the source terminal being connected to the second power input terminal;
- the second rectifying element is connected in parallel with at least the capacitor of the capacitor and the second resistor connected in series.
- a switching circuit for driving a switching element which suppresses the occurrence of a gate breakdown voltage failure with respect to the switching element, suppresses a loss during reflux operation, relaxes the limit of high-frequency operation of the switching element, and Provided is a switching circuit that can more reliably maintain a conduction state and suppress the occurrence of erroneous firing.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional switching circuit disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional switching circuit disclosed in Patent Document 2.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the half-bridge circuit according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating waveforms of signals related to driving of the switching elements in the half bridge circuit according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing a first operation of the half-bridge circuit according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing a second operation of the half-bridge circuit according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a switching circuit according to the first modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional switching circuit disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional switching circuit disclosed in Patent Document 2.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the half-bridge circuit according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating waveforms of signals related to driving of the
- FIG. 8 is a timing chart illustrating a second operation of the half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit according to the first modification of the embodiment is applied as a low-side switching circuit.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a switching circuit according to the second modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a timing chart illustrating a second operation of the half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit according to the second modification of the embodiment is applied as a low-side switching circuit.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of a switching circuit according to Modification 3 of the embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a timing chart illustrating a first operation of the half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit according to the third modification of the embodiment is applied as the high-side and low-side switching circuits.
- FIG. 13 is a timing chart showing a second operation of the half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit according to the third modification of the embodiment is applied as the high-side and low-side switching circuits.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of a switching circuit according to Modification 4 of the embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a timing chart showing a first operation of the half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit according to the fourth modification of the embodiment is applied as a high-side and low-side switching circuit.
- FIG. 16 is a timing chart illustrating a second operation of the half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit according to the fourth modification of the embodiment is applied as the high-side and low-side switching circuits.
- FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram of a switching circuit according to Modification 5 of the embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a circuit diagram of a switching circuit according to a variation of Modification 5 of the embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram of a switching circuit according to another variation of the fifth modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional switching circuit disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- This switching circuit includes a drive circuit 52 and a main switching element 51.
- the drive circuit 52 includes a drive signal generation circuit including a capacitor 60, an inverter 70, a PMOS transistor 53, and an NMOS transistor 54, and a resistor 55 connected between the drive signal generation circuit and the main switching element 51, 56, 58, 59 and a capacitor 57.
- a stably controlled switching circuit is realized by adjusting the switching speed and reducing the parasitic inductance in the switching circuit or suppressing the influence of the parasitic inductance with respect to the main switching element 51.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional switching circuit disclosed in Patent Document 2.
- the switching circuit includes a drive signal generation circuit 80, a switching element Q11, and a capacitor C12 and a reverse bias voltage generation circuit 84 connected between the drive signal generation circuit 80 and the switching element Q11.
- a reverse bias voltage generation circuit 84 composed of a series circuit of a diode D11 and a Zener diode ZD11 is connected between the gate terminal and the source terminal of the switching element Q11.
- the switching circuit according to the present invention includes a normally-off junction field effect transistor having a source terminal, a drain terminal, and a gate terminal, and a first power input terminal, a first output terminal that outputs a potential of the first power input terminal or a high impedance state. , A second power input terminal, a second output terminal that outputs a potential of the second power input terminal or a high impedance state, and the first output terminal outputs a potential of the first power input terminal.
- a second rectifier element having a cathode on the output terminal side, the source terminal is connected to the second power input terminal, the second rectifier element is connected in series with the capacitor and the second rectifier element At least the capacitor of the two resistors They are connected in parallel.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the half bridge circuit 10 according to the embodiment.
- the half-bridge circuit 10 includes a switching circuit 20, an inverter 11, a power source 12, and an input terminal B as a high side, and includes a switching circuit 30, an inverter 13, a power source 14, and an input terminal A as a low side.
- the half bridge circuit 10 also includes an inductor 15 as an inductive load and a power source 16 for the load.
- the high side and low side are composed of the same circuit. Here, a detailed configuration will be described focusing on the high side.
- the power supply 12 supplies a DC voltage VDD to the switching circuit 20.
- the inverter 11 is a buffer that logically inverts the signal input to the input terminal B and outputs the inverted signal to the switching circuit 20.
- the switching circuit 20 includes a switching element 28, a drive unit 20a, resistors 23 and 24, a capacitor 25, and diodes 26 and 27.
- the switching element 28 is a normally-off junction field effect transistor having a source terminal S21, a drain terminal D21, and a gate terminal G21.
- a normally-off operation is performed using GaN (gallium nitride) which is a wide bandgap compound semiconductor. And a large current and low on-resistance.
- the switching element 28 includes, for example, a GaN-GIT (having a gate portion formed of a p-type nitride semiconductor and a gate electrode that is in ohmic contact (that is, ohmic junction) with the p-type nitride semiconductor.
- GaN transistors such as Gallium Nitride Gate Injection Transistor).
- a GaN transistor it becomes easy to realize a normally-off type by using a p-type nitride semiconductor for a gate portion. Furthermore, since the gate electrode is in ohmic contact with the p-type nitride semiconductor, even if an excessive positive voltage is applied to the gate, it can flow as a gate current, so that reliability is improved. On the other hand, when the gate electrode is in Schottky junction with the p-type nitride semiconductor, the gate current hardly flows. However, when an excessive positive voltage is applied to the gate, the Schottky junction is reverse-biased, causing the Schottky junction to break down and the gate portion to be easily broken.
- the drive unit 20a is a drive signal generation circuit including switch elements 21 and 22 in which gate terminals G22 and G23 are connected to each other.
- the drive unit 20a includes the first power supply input terminal V21, the potential VDD of the first power supply input terminal V21, or A first output terminal OUT21 that outputs a high impedance state, a second power supply input terminal V22, a potential GND of the second power supply input terminal V22 or a second output terminal OUT22 that outputs a high impedance state, and a first A first output state in which the output terminal OUT21 outputs the potential VDD of the first power supply input terminal V21 and the second output terminal OUT22 outputs a high impedance state, and the first output terminal OUT21 is in a high impedance state.
- the second output terminal OUT22 outputs the potential GND of the second power input terminal V22. It has an input terminal IN21 for switching between the output states.
- the switch element 21 is a PMOS transistor, the source terminal S22 is connected to the first power supply input terminal V21, and the drain terminal D22 is connected to the first output terminal OUT21.
- the switch element 22 is an NMOS transistor, and the source terminal S23 is connected to the second power input terminal V22, and the drain terminal D23 is connected to the second output terminal OUT22.
- the diode 27 is connected between the source terminal S21 and the gate terminal G21 of the switching element 28, and has a first rectification having an anode (anode) on the source terminal S21 side and a cathode (cathode) on the gate terminal G21 side. It is an example of an element.
- the resistor 23 is an example of a first resistor connected between the first output terminal OUT21 and the gate terminal G21 of the switching element 28.
- the resistor 24 is an example of a second resistor connected in series with the capacitor 25.
- a series circuit composed of the resistor 24 and the capacitor 25 is connected in parallel with the resistor 23.
- the diode 26 is an example of a second rectifying element having an anode on the gate terminal G21 side of the switching element 28 and a cathode on the second output terminal OUT22 side.
- the source terminal S21 of the switching element 28 is connected to the second power input terminal V22.
- the diode 26 is connected in parallel with at least the capacitor 25 of the capacitor 25 and the resistor 24 connected in series.
- the diode 26 is connected in parallel with only the capacitor 25 of the capacitor 25 and the resistor 24 connected in series. That is, the cathode of the diode 26 is connected to the connection point between the capacitor 25 and the resistor 24.
- the low-side switching circuit 30 has the same configuration as the high-side switching circuit 20. That is, the switching circuit 30 includes a switching element 38, a drive unit 30a, resistors 33 and 34, a capacitor 35, and diodes 36 and 37.
- the drive unit 30a includes a switch element 31 having a gate terminal G32, a source terminal S32, and a drain terminal D32, and a switch element 32 having a gate terminal G33, a source terminal S33, and a drain terminal D33, and includes a first power input terminal V31, It has a first output terminal OUT31, a second power input terminal V32, a second output terminal OUT32, and an input terminal IN31.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating waveforms of signals related to driving of the switching elements 28 and 38 in the half bridge circuit 10 according to the embodiment. Since the waveform is the same for both the high side and the low side, the waveform on the high side is shown here. “Gate-source voltage” is the gate-source voltage of the switching element 28, “Gate terminal current” is the current flowing into the gate terminal G21 of the switching element 28, and “Capacitor 25 both-end voltage” is the voltage across the capacitor 25. The waveform is shown.
- the drive unit 20a changes the first output state and the second output state according to the high and low levels of the input signal at the input terminal B (not shown). Since the voltage is alternately taken, the gate-source voltage alternately repeats “High” for turning on the switching element 28 and “Low” for turning off the switching element 28.
- the power supply voltage VDD of the first power supply input terminal V21 is applied to the gate terminal G21 of the switching element 28 via the resistor 23, the gate of the switching element 28 has a high gate-source voltage High.
- the potential is VGSF (gate clamp voltage) determined by the diode characteristics.
- the gate-source voltage Low is a negative potential Vf D1 determined by the forward voltage Vf D1 of the diode 27.
- Vf D1 the forward voltage
- Vf D1 the forward voltage
- the resistor 24 connected in series with the capacitor 25 not only adjusts the speed-up action, but also has the action of suppressing the oscillation of the gate-source voltage, thereby suppressing the malfunction of the switching element 28. ing.
- the gate terminal current As shown in the waveform of “gate terminal current”, a large current temporarily flows in the gate terminal current at the rising and falling times of the gate-source voltage due to the gate capacitance of the switching element 28.
- the gate terminal current When the switching element 28 is in a steady state where it is turned on, the gate terminal current has a current value of (VDD ⁇ VGSF) / R1.
- R 1 is the resistance value of the resistor 23. As described above, the resistor 23 adjusts the current flowing from the drive unit 20a to the switching element 28 at the time of steady turn-on.
- the voltage across the capacitor 25 depends on the high and low levels (not shown) of the input signal at the input terminal B (not shown). Repeat alternately.
- the voltage during charging is (VDD-VGSF), and the voltage during discharging is Vf D1 .
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing a first operation of the half-bridge circuit 10 according to the embodiment.
- the first operation is an operation in which the high-side switching element 28 changes from the turn-on state to the turn-off state, and conversely, the low-side switching element 38 changes from the turn-off state to the turn-on state.
- “B” is a signal input to the high-side input terminal B
- “A” is a signal input to the low-side input terminal A
- “High-side VGS” is the high-side switching element 28.
- the gate-source voltage, “Low-side VGS” is the gate-source voltage of the low-side switching element 38
- “Low-side IGD” is the gate-drain current of the low-side switching element 38, “Low-side VDS”. "Shows the waveform of the drain-source voltage of the switching element 38 on the low side.
- the input signal at the high-side input terminal B changes from High to Low
- the input signal at the low-side input terminal A changes from Low to High.
- the timing when to do is shown.
- the input signal at the input terminal B changes from High to Low on the high side, so that the switch element 21 is turned on and the switch element 22 is turned off. 1 to the second output state in which the switch element 21 is off and the switch element 22 is on.
- the gate-source voltage VGS of the switching element 28 is switched to High (that is, high)
- Potential VGSF) is changed to Low (that is, negative potential Vf D1 ) to be turned off.
- the switch element 31 when the input signal of the input terminal A changes from Low to High, the switch element 31 is turned off and the switch element 32 is turned on. From the second output state, the switching element 31 is turned on and the switching element 32 is turned off to change to the first output state.
- the gate-source voltage VGS of the switching element 38 is turned off (Low ( That is, the negative potential Vf D1 ) is changed to High (that is, the potential VGSF) to be turned on.
- the voltage Vf D1 is a forward voltage of the diode 37.
- the potential VGSF is a gate clamp voltage determined by the diode characteristics of the gate of the switching element 38.
- “Vth” in the figure is the threshold voltage of the switching element 38.
- the magnitude of the gate-drain current IGD is a value determined depending on the gate-drain capacitance CGD and the rate of change of the voltage v between both ends of the gate-drain capacitance CGD (that is, CGD ⁇ dv / dt). .
- the gate potential is not affected (that is, the switching element 38 is prevented from turning on).
- the drain-source voltage VDS of the switching element 38 decreases in the return operation of the switching element 38, but the diode 37
- the source-to-source voltage VGS becomes a constant value (that is, ⁇ Vf D1 ) without decreasing.
- the drain voltage needs to be lower than the gate voltage by the source / drain voltage VSD. Therefore, the drain-source voltage VDS drops and then becomes a negative potential (specifically, a negative potential (source-drain voltage VSD + Vf D1 )).
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing a second operation of the half bridge circuit 10 according to the embodiment.
- the second operation is an operation in which the high-side switching element 28 changes from the turn-off state to the turn-on state, and conversely, the low-side switching element 38 changes from the turn-on state to the turn-off state.
- the signals shown are the same as in FIG.
- the input signal at the high side input terminal B changes from Low to High
- the input signal at the low side input terminal A changes from High to Low.
- the timing when to do is shown.
- the input signal at the input terminal B changes from Low to High, so that the switch element 21 is off and the switch element 22 is on. 2 to the first output state in which the switch element 21 is turned on and the switch element 22 is turned off.
- the gate-source voltage VGS of the switching element 28 is turned Low (that is, low).
- the negative potential Vf D1 ) changes to High (that is, potential VGSF) to be turned on.
- Vth in the figure is the threshold voltage of the switching element 28.
- the input signal at the input terminal A changes from High to Low, so that the switch element 31 is turned on and the switch element 32 is turned off. From the first output state, the switch element 31 is turned off and the switch element 32 is turned on to change to the second output state.
- the gate-source voltage VGS of the switching element 38 is changed from High to be turned on. It changes to Low (that is, negative potential Vf D1 ) for turning off.
- the high-side switching element 28 that is, when the gate-source voltage VGS becomes High in “High-side VGS”
- the switching to the drain terminal D31 of the switching element 38 is performed on the low side.
- a gate / drain current IGD (that is, a negative gate / drain current IGD) flows toward GND via the gate terminal G31, the parallel circuit of the capacitor 35 and the diode 36, and the switch element 32.
- the gate / drain is connected. Current IGD flows and the voltage of capacitor 35 gradually increases to reach voltage Vf D2 . Thereafter (that is, in the period (ii)), the clamp by the diode 36 causes the GND from the drain terminal D31 of the switching element 38 via the gate-drain capacitance CGD, the gate terminal G31, the diode 36, and the switch element 32.
- a gate / drain current IGD flows toward As a result, as shown in the waveform of “Low-side VGS”, the gate-source voltage VGS rises to the potential Vf D2 corresponding to the forward voltage of the diode 36, but the threshold voltage Vth of the switching element 38 is increased. Since it does not exceed, the false ignition in which the switching elements 28 and 38 are simultaneously turned on is suppressed, and the fourth problem related to Patent Document 2 is solved.
- the diode 36 can discharge the charge charged in the gate terminal G31 of the switching element 38 in a short time without reducing the resistance values of the resistors 33 and 34. The limit is relaxed, and the second problem with Patent Document 1 is also solved.
- the switching circuit 30 is a normally-off junction field effect transistor having the source terminal S31, the drain terminal D31, and the gate terminal G31.
- the second output terminal OUT32 that outputs the potential GND or the high impedance state of the terminal V32 and the first output terminal OUT31 output the potential VDD of the first power supply input terminal V31, and the second output terminal OUT32 Outputs a high impedance state and a first output terminal OU
- a drive unit 30a having an input terminal IN3 for switching between a second output state in which 31 outputs a high impedance state and the second output terminal OUT32 outputs the potential GND of the second power supply input terminal V32.
- the first rectifier element is connected between the source terminal S31 and the gate terminal G31 of the switching element 38, has an anode (anode) on the source terminal S31 side, and has a cathode (cathode) on the gate terminal G31 side.
- a series circuit having a capacitor 35 and a resistor 33 connected in series, and an anode on the gate terminal G31 side of the switching element 38.
- a diode 36 which is a second rectifying element having a cathode to the second output terminal OUT32 side.
- the source terminal S31 of the switching element 38 is connected to the second power supply input terminal V32, and the diode 36 includes at least a capacitor 35 (here, only the capacitor 35) of the capacitor 35 and the resistor 34 connected in series. Connected in parallel.
- the diode 36 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 35 and the diode 37 is connected between the connection portion between the capacitor 35 and the gate terminal G31 and the source terminal S31, the resistance values of the resistors 33 and 34 are reduced.
- the driving unit 30a changes from the first output state to the second output state, the charge of the gate terminal G31 is discharged by a part of the charge charged in the capacitor 35 and further remains.
- the electric charge charged in the capacitor 35 is discharged in a short time, the limit of the high frequency operation of the switching element 38 is relaxed, and the second problem related to Patent Document 1 is solved.
- a switching circuit for driving the switching element 38 which suppresses the occurrence of a gate breakdown voltage failure with respect to the switching element 38, suppresses a loss during the reflux operation, relaxes the limit of the high frequency operation of the switching element 38, and turns on
- the switching circuit 30 can be realized that can maintain the conduction state in a more reliable manner and suppress the occurrence of erroneous firing.
- the switching elements 28 and 38 are GaN transistors in which the gate portion is composed of a p-type nitride semiconductor and a gate electrode that is in ohmic contact with the p-type nitride semiconductor, a current of several mA to several tens mA at turn-on. Can continue to flow. Therefore, it is possible to realize a switching circuit that is unlikely to cause false ignition and has high reliability.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the switching circuit 40 according to the first modification of the embodiment.
- the switching circuit 40 is a switching circuit that can be replaced with the switching circuits 20 and 30 according to the above-described embodiment.
- the switching circuit 40 has the same configuration as the switching circuits 20 and 30 according to the above-described embodiment except for the connection form of the diode 36.
- the switching circuit 40 has the diode 36 connected in parallel with the capacitor 35 and the resistor 34 connected in series in the switching circuit 30 according to the above embodiment.
- the anode of the diode 36 is connected to the gate terminal G31 of the switching element 38, and the cathode is connected to the connection point between the first output terminal OUT31 and the second output terminal OUT32 of the drive unit 30a. Yes.
- FIG. 8 is a timing chart showing a second operation of the half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit 40 according to the first modification of the embodiment is applied as a low-side switching circuit.
- the clamp by the diode 36 causes the gate-drain capacitance CGD, the gate terminal G31, the diode 36, and the like from the drain terminal D31 of the switching element 38, as in the above embodiment.
- the gate / drain current IGD flows toward the GND via the switch element 32.
- the gate-source voltage VGS rises to the potential Vf D2 corresponding to the forward voltage of the diode 36, but does not exceed the threshold voltage Vth of the switching element 38. A false ignition in which 28 and 38 are simultaneously turned on is suppressed.
- the drive unit 30a in which the first output terminal OUT31 and the second output terminal OUT32 become a common terminal is used.
- the switching circuit 40 can be constructed by using this. That is, by using a one-output type driving device as the driving unit 30a constituting the switching circuit 30, a more general-purpose driving device can be used, and the cost of the switching circuit 30 can be reduced.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the switching circuit 41 according to the second modification of the embodiment.
- the switching circuit 41 is a switching circuit that can be replaced with the switching circuits 20 and 30 according to the above-described embodiment.
- the switching circuit 41 has the same configuration as the switching circuit 40 according to the first modification of the above embodiment except that a diode 39 is added. That is, in this modification, the switching circuit 41 is connected in parallel to the resistor 34 in addition to the configuration of the switching circuit 40 according to Modification 1 of the above embodiment, and has an anode on the capacitor 35 side, A diode 39 as an example of a third rectifying element having a cathode is provided on the side of the device 33.
- FIG. 10 is a timing chart showing a second operation of the half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit 41 according to the second modification of the embodiment is applied as a low-side switching circuit.
- the clamp by the diode 36 causes the gate-drain capacitance CGD, the gate terminal G31, the diode 36, and the like from the drain terminal D31 of the switching element 38, as in the above embodiment.
- the gate / drain current IGD flows toward the GND via the switch element 32.
- the gate / drain current IGD is bypassed so as to flow through the diode 39 instead of the resistor 34.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of the switching circuit 42 according to the third modification of the embodiment.
- the switching circuit 42 is a switching circuit that can be replaced with the switching circuits 20 and 30 according to the above-described embodiment.
- the switching circuit 42 has the same configuration as the switching circuits 20 and 30 according to the above-described embodiment except that a Zener diode 37a is added.
- the switching circuit 42 is provided between the source terminal S31 and the gate terminal G31 in addition to the configuration of the switching circuit 20 or 30 (here, the switching circuit 30) according to the above embodiment, and
- the zener diode 37a is connected in series with the diode 37, has an anode on the gate terminal G31 side, and has a cathode on the source terminal S31 side.
- FIG. 12 is a timing chart showing a first operation of the half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit 42 according to the third modification of the embodiment is applied as a high-side and low-side switching circuit.
- the input signal at the input terminal A changes from Low to High, so that the gate-source voltage VGS of the switching element 38 is turned Low (that is, Low)
- the negative potential (Vb ZD1 + Vf D1 )) is changed to High (that is, potential VGSF) to be turned on.
- the voltage Vb ZD1 is a Zener voltage of the Zener diode 37a.
- the voltage Vf D1 is a forward voltage of the diode 37.
- This gate / drain current IGD generates an induced electromotive force in a parasitic inductance from the gate terminal G31 to the second output terminal OUT32 and from the second power supply input terminal V32 to the source terminal S31, thereby causing a voltage and an oscillation state. .
- These voltages are superimposed on the gate-source voltage VGS without being clamped by the diode 36, and may cause a risk of false firing.
- the Zener diode 37a the negative bias between the gate and the source is increased, and the amount of discharge at the time of turn-off is adjusted, so that erroneous firing occurs even when the voltage is superimposed by the induced electromotive force. It becomes possible to take no measures.
- the value of the negative bias applied to the gate terminal G31 can be finely adjusted by selecting the Zener diode 37a having a different Zener voltage, the trade between the risk of erroneous firing and the loss during reflux due to an increase in the negative bias. It becomes easy to adjust OFF, and the performance of the switching element 38 that performs high-speed operation can be brought out to the limit.
- the drain-source voltage VDS of the switching element 38 decreases during the return operation of the switching element 38, but the Zener diode 37 a and the diode 37.
- the gate-source voltage VGS does not decrease and becomes a constant value (that is, ⁇ Vb ZD1 ⁇ Vf D1 ).
- the drain voltage needs to be lower than the gate voltage by the source / drain voltage VSD. Therefore, after the drain-source voltage VDS drops, it becomes a negative potential (specifically, a negative potential (source-drain voltage VSD + Vb ZD1 + Vf D1 )).
- FIG. 13 is a timing chart showing a second operation of the half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit 42 according to the third modification of the embodiment is applied as a high-side and low-side switching circuit.
- the input signal at the input terminal A changes from High to Low, so that the switch element 31 is on and the switch element 32 is off.
- the gate-source voltage VGS of the switching element 38 is turned off from High to be turned on. It changes to Low (that is, negative potential (Vb ZD1 + Vf D1 )).
- Vb ZD1 + Vf D1 negative potential
- the gate-drain current IGD is directed from the drain terminal D31 of the switching element 38 to the GND via the gate-drain capacitance CGD, the gate terminal G31, the parallel circuit of the capacitor 35 and the diode 36, and the switch element 32. Flows.
- the gate / drain is connected. Current IGD flows and the voltage of capacitor 35 gradually increases to reach voltage Vf D2 . Thereafter (that is, in the period (ii)), the clamp by the diode 36 causes the GND from the drain terminal D31 of the switching element 38 via the gate-drain capacitance CGD, the gate terminal G31, the diode 36, and the switch element 32.
- a gate / drain current IGD flows toward As a result, as shown in the waveform of “Low-side VGS”, the gate-source voltage VGS rises to the potential Vf D2 corresponding to the forward voltage of the diode 36, but the threshold voltage Vth of the switching element 38 is increased. Do not exceed. In other words, in this modification, the amount of negative bias remaining in the capacitor 35 is increased by the Zener diode 37a. Therefore, if the capacitance value of the capacitor 35 is sufficiently large, the potential change of the capacitor 35 can be suppressed, and the diode 36 Switching (turning off of the switching element 38) is completed without conducting, and the risk of false firing is reduced. Therefore, false ignition in which the switching elements 28 and 38 are simultaneously turned on is suppressed, and the fourth problem related to Patent Document 2 is solved.
- the Zener diode 37a is connected in series with the diode 37, the negative bias of the gate-source voltage VGS is applied during the return operation of the switching element 38. Can be increased, reducing the risk of false firing.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of the switching circuit 43 according to Modification 4 of the embodiment.
- the switching circuit 43 corresponds to a circuit in which the Zener diode 37a in the switching circuit 42 according to Modification 3 is replaced with at least one rectifier element (in this modification, two diodes 37b and 37c). That is, in this modification, the switching circuit 43 is provided between the source terminal S31 and the gate terminal G31 in addition to the configuration of the switching circuit 20 or 30 (here, the switching circuit 30) according to the above-described embodiment.
- the diode 37 includes at least one rectifier element (here, two diodes 37b and 37c) connected in series with the diode 37, having an anode on the gate terminal G31 side, and having a cathode on the source terminal S31 side.
- at least one rectifier element here, two diodes 37b and 37c
- FIG. 15 is a timing chart showing a first operation of a half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit 43 according to the fourth modification of the embodiment is applied as a high-side and low-side switching circuit.
- the input signal at the input terminal A changes from Low to High, so that the gate-source voltage VGS of the switching element 38 is turned Low (that is, Low)
- the negative potential (Vf D1 + Vf D4 + Vf D5 ) is changed to High (that is, potential VGSF) to be turned on.
- the voltages Vf D4 and Vf D5 are forward voltages of the diodes 37b and 37c, respectively.
- This gate / drain current IGD generates an induced electromotive force in a parasitic inductance from the gate terminal G31 to the second output terminal OUT32 and from the second power supply input terminal V32 to the source terminal S31, thereby causing a voltage and an oscillation state. .
- These voltages are superimposed on the gate-source voltage VGS without being clamped by the diode 36, and may cause a risk of false firing.
- the diodes 37b and 37c the negative bias between the gate and the source is increased, and the amount of discharge at the time of turn-off is adjusted. It becomes possible to take measures that do not happen.
- the negative bias value to the gate terminal G31 can be finely adjusted. This makes it easy to adjust the trade-off with the loss of the switching element, and the performance of the switching element 38 that operates at high speed can be brought out to the limit.
- the drain-source voltage VDS of the switching element 38 decreases during the return operation of the switching element 38, but the diodes 37, 37b and 37c.
- the gate-source voltage VGS does not decrease and becomes a constant value (specifically, a negative potential (source-drain voltage VSD + Vf D1 + Vf D4 + Vf D5 )).
- FIG. 16 is a timing chart showing a second operation of the half-bridge circuit in which the switching circuit 43 according to the fourth modification of the embodiment is applied as a high-side and low-side switching circuit.
- the input signal at the input terminal A changes from High to Low, so that the switch element 31 is on and the switch element 32 is off.
- the gate-source voltage VGS of the switching element 38 is turned off from High to be turned on. It changes to Low (that is, negative potential (Vf D1 + Vf D4 + Vf D5 )).
- Vf D1 + Vf D4 + Vf D5 negative potential
- the gate-drain current IGD is directed from the drain terminal D31 of the switching element 38 to the GND via the gate-drain capacitance CGD, the gate terminal G31, the parallel circuit of the capacitor 35 and the diode 36, and the switch element 32. Flows.
- the gate / drain is connected. Current IGD flows and the voltage of capacitor 35 gradually increases to reach voltage Vf D2 . Thereafter (that is, in the period (ii)), the clamp by the diode 36 causes the GND from the drain terminal D31 of the switching element 38 via the gate-drain capacitance CGD, the gate terminal G31, the diode 36, and the switch element 32.
- a gate / drain current IGD flows toward As a result, as shown in the waveform of “Low-side VGS”, the gate-source voltage VGS rises to the potential Vf D2 corresponding to the forward voltage of the diode 36, but the threshold voltage Vth of the switching element 38 is increased. Do not exceed. In other words, in this modification, the amount of negative bias remaining in the capacitor 35 is increased by the diodes 37b and 37c. Therefore, if the capacitance value of the capacitor 35 is sufficiently large, the potential change of the capacitor 35 is suppressed, and the diode 36 Is not conducted and switching (turning off of the switching element 38) is completed, and the risk of false firing is reduced. Therefore, false ignition in which the switching elements 28 and 38 are simultaneously turned on is suppressed, and the fourth problem related to Patent Document 2 is solved.
- the switching circuit 43 since at least one diode 37b and 37c is connected in series with the diode 37, the gate-source voltage VGS during the return operation of the switching element 38.
- the negative bias can be increased and the risk of false firing is reduced.
- FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram of the switching circuit 44 according to Modification 5 of the embodiment.
- the switching circuit 44 further includes a switching element 38, a first output terminal OUT31, and a second output terminal OUT32.
- the package 48 is made of, for example, resin or ceramic as a sealing material.
- the switching element 38 has two source terminals (a first source terminal S31a and a second source terminal S31b) as the source terminal S31.
- the first source terminal S31a is connected to the source electrode of the switching element 38 by a low resistance wiring, and is a terminal through which the main current (that is, drain current) of the switching element 38 flows.
- the second source terminal S31b is a terminal that is connected to the source electrode of the switching element 38 via a parasitic inductance and is used as a reference potential when the switching element 38 is driven.
- one of the source electrodes of the switching element 38 branched (that is, the second source terminal S31b) is connected to the drive unit 30a, so that the drain / source for the drive control of the switching element 38 is achieved.
- the influence of the main current flowing between them can be eliminated.
- the package 48 is connected to the first terminal T1 and the second terminal T2 connected to both ends of the capacitor 35, the third terminal T3 connected to the anode of the diode 37, and the second source terminal S31b.
- Fourth terminal T4 fifth terminal T5 connected to drain terminal D31, sixth terminal T6 connected to first source terminal S31a, and seventh terminal connected to first power input terminal V31 T8 and an eighth terminal T8 connected to the input terminal IN31.
- the capacitor 35 is connected between the first terminal T1 and the second terminal T2 outside the package 48, and the third terminal T3 and the fourth terminal T4 are short-circuited ( That is, a short-circuit wiring (short-circuit line) is connected), and the same circuit configuration as that of the switching circuits 20 and 30 according to the above-described embodiment is realized.
- the resistors 34 and 35, the diodes 36 and 37, the drive unit 30a, and the switching element 38 are housed in one package.
- the mounting area on the substrate is greatly reduced, which can contribute to downsizing of the equipment using the switching circuit 44.
- the switching circuit 44 According to the switching circuit 44 according to this modification, the switching speed can be adjusted by the external capacitor 35.
- an inductance component of a wire or lead frame for bonding a semiconductor device or an inductance component of a passive component or a substrate pattern is included. Due to the large size, a steep current flowing between the drain and the gate generates a voltage and an oscillation state, which increases the risk of false firing.
- the passive component, the diode, the driving unit, or the switching element can be configured on a single chip semiconductor by forming a single package. Components can be reduced. It should be noted that the same effect can be obtained even if the devices of the high breakdown voltage switching element 38 and the low breakdown voltage drive unit 30a are separated into different chips.
- the inductance component is reduced, and the induced voltage with respect to the current change of the current transmitted through the gate-drain capacitance is reduced. ⁇ A switching circuit that does not cause false firing even when the source-to-source voltage fluctuates is realized.
- the third terminal T3 side is provided outside the package between the third terminal T3 and the fourth terminal T4 instead of the short-circuit line.
- a Zener diode 37a having an anode on the side and a cathode on the fourth terminal T4 side may be connected.
- a package corresponding to the switching circuit 42 according to the modification 3 is realized. Therefore, by selecting a Zener diode 37a having a different Zener voltage as an external component, the negative bias value to the gate terminal G31 can be finely adjusted. Therefore, the risk of false firing and the return due to an increase in the negative bias The trade-off with time loss can be easily adjusted, and the performance of the switching element 38 that operates at high speed can be maximized.
- a third terminal is provided outside the package between the third terminal T3 and the fourth terminal T4 in place of the short-circuit line.
- a plurality of rectifying elements (diodes 37b and 37c) connected in series and having an anode on the T3 side and a cathode on the fourth terminal T4 side may be connected.
- the switching circuit according to the present invention has been described based on the embodiments and the modified examples.
- the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and modified examples.
- various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art have been made in the embodiments and modifications, and other forms constructed by combining some components in the embodiments and modifications are also possible. Are included within the scope of the present invention.
- the switching elements 28 and 38 are of a type having one source terminal.
- the switching elements 28 and 38 are of a type having two source terminals. Also good. Thereby, also in the above-described embodiment and Modifications 1 to 4, it is possible to eliminate the influence of the main current flowing between the drain and the source on the drive control of the switching element.
- the switching circuit which concerns on the said embodiment, the modification 3, and the modification 4 was accommodated in the package
- the switching circuit which concerns on the said modification 1 and the modification 2 was accommodated in the package. Also good. Thereby, the cost of the packaged switching circuit can be reduced by using the one-output type driving unit.
- the two diodes 37b and 37c are connected as external components, but at least one diode may be connected.
- the number of diodes may be determined from the viewpoint of adjusting the value of the negative bias applied to the gate terminal G31.
- the circuit accommodated in one package is not limited to one switching circuit, and may be a plurality of switching circuits.
- a half-bridge circuit may be configured by connecting the drain of one switching circuit and the source of a separate switching circuit and accommodated in a package. It is not limited to a single half bridge circuit, and may be a plurality of half bridge circuits.
- the switching elements 28 and 38 are GaN transistors having ohmic junction gate electrodes, but may be GaN transistors having Schottky junction gate electrodes. Any type of GaN transistor can be used as a switching element for high-frequency applications that achieves both normally-off operation, large current, and low on-resistance.
- the present invention is a switching circuit for driving a normally-off type switching element, in particular, as a switching circuit constituting a half-bridge circuit in which erroneous firing is suppressed, for example, as a switching circuit used in a device such as a switching power supply or an inverter. ,Available.
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Abstract
Description
まず、本発明に係るスイッチング回路を考案するに至った本発明者らによる知見を説明する。
図1は、特許文献1に開示された従来のスイッチング回路の回路図である。このスイッチング回路は、駆動回路52と、主スイッチング素子51とで構成される。駆動回路52は、コンデンサ60、インバータ70、PMOSのトランジスタ53及びNMOSのトランジスタ54で構成される駆動信号発生回路と、駆動信号発生回路と主スイッチング素子51との間に接続された抵抗器55、56、58、59及びコンデンサ57とを備える。
図2は、特許文献2に開示された従来のスイッチング回路の回路図である。このスイッチング回路は、駆動信号発生回路80、スイッチング素子Q11、並びに、駆動信号発生回路80とスイッチング素子Q11との間に接続されたコンデンサC12及び逆バイアス電圧生成回路84で構成される。
そこで、上記特許文献1の技術における第1及び第2の問題、並びに、上記特許文献2の技術における第3及び第4の問題を解決するために、本発明に係るスイッチング回路は、ソース端子、ドレイン端子及びゲート端子を有するノーマリオフ型の接合型電界効果トランジスタと、第1の電源入力端子、前記第1の電源入力端子の電位又はハイインピーダンス状態を出力する第1の出力端子、第2の電源入力端子、前記第2の電源入力端子の電位又はハイインピーダンス状態を出力する第2の出力端子、及び、前記第1の出力端子が前記第1の電源入力端子の電位を出力し、かつ、前記第2の出力端子がハイインピーダンス状態を出力する第1の出力状態と、前記第1の出力端子がハイインピーダンス状態を出力し、かつ、前記第2の出力端子が前記第2の電源入力端子の電位を出力する第2の出力状態とを切り替えるための入力端子を有する駆動部と、前記ソース端子と前記ゲート端子との間に接続され、前記ソース端子側に陽極を有し、前記ゲート端子側に陰極を有する第1の整流素子と、前記第1の出力端子と前記ゲート端子との間に接続された第1の抵抗器と、前記第1の抵抗器と並列に接続された直列回路であって、直列に接続されたコンデンサと第2の抵抗器とを有する直列回路と、前記ゲート端子側に陽極を有し、前記第2の出力端子側に陰極を有する第2の整流素子とを備え、前記ソース端子は、前記第2の電源入力端子と接続され、前記第2の整流素子は、直列に接続された前記コンデンサ及び前記第2の抵抗器のうちの少なくとも前記コンデンサと並列に接続されている。
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を用いて詳細に説明する。なお、以下で説明する実施の形態は、いずれも本発明の一具体例を示すものである。以下の実施の形態で示される数値、形状、材料、構成要素、構成要素の配置位置及び接続形態、波形、タイミング等は、一例であり、本発明を限定する主旨ではない。また、以下の実施の形態における構成要素のうち、本発明の最上位概念を示す独立請求項に記載されていない構成要素については、任意の構成要素として説明される。また、各図は、必ずしも厳密に図示したものではない。各図において、実質的に同一の構成については同一の符号を付し、重複する説明は省略又は簡略化する場合がある。
次に、上記実施の形態の変形例1に係るスイッチング回路40について説明する。
次に、上記実施の形態の変形例2に係るスイッチング回路41について説明する。
次に、上記実施の形態の変形例3に係るスイッチング回路42について説明する。
次に、上記実施の形態の変形例4に係るスイッチング回路43について説明する。
次に、上記実施の形態の変形例5に係るスイッチング回路44について説明する。
11、13 インバータ
12、14、16 電源
15 インダクタ
20、30、40~46 スイッチング回路
20a、30a 駆動部
21、22、31、32 スイッチ素子
23、24、33、34 抵抗器
25、35 コンデンサ
26、27、36、37、37b、37c、39 ダイオード
28、38 スイッチング素子
37a ツェナーダイオード
48 パッケージ
A、B 入力端子
V21、V31 第1の電源入力端子
V22、V32 第2の電源入力端子
IN21、IN31 入力端子
OUT21、OUT31 第1の出力端子
OUT22、OUT32 第2の出力端子
S21、S22、S23、S31、S32、S33 ソース端子
S31a 第1のソース端子
S31b 第2のソース端子
D21、D22、D23、D31、D32、D33 ドレイン端子
G21、G22、G23、G31、G32、G33 ゲート端子
Claims (11)
- ソース端子、ドレイン端子及びゲート端子を有するノーマリオフ型の接合型電界効果トランジスタと、
第1の電源入力端子、前記第1の電源入力端子の電位又はハイインピーダンス状態を出力する第1の出力端子、第2の電源入力端子、前記第2の電源入力端子の電位又はハイインピーダンス状態を出力する第2の出力端子、及び、前記第1の出力端子が前記第1の電源入力端子の電位を出力し、かつ、前記第2の出力端子がハイインピーダンス状態を出力する第1の出力状態と、前記第1の出力端子がハイインピーダンス状態を出力し、かつ、前記第2の出力端子が前記第2の電源入力端子の電位を出力する第2の出力状態とを切り替えるための入力端子を有する駆動部と、
前記ソース端子と前記ゲート端子との間に接続され、前記ソース端子側に陽極を有し、前記ゲート端子側に陰極を有する第1の整流素子と、
前記第1の出力端子と前記ゲート端子との間に接続された第1の抵抗器と、
前記第1の抵抗器と並列に接続された直列回路であって、直列に接続されたコンデンサと第2の抵抗器とを有する直列回路と、
前記ゲート端子側に陽極を有し、前記第2の出力端子側に陰極を有する第2の整流素子とを備え、
前記ソース端子は、前記第2の電源入力端子と接続され、
前記第2の整流素子は、直列に接続された前記コンデンサ及び前記第2の抵抗器のうちの少なくとも前記コンデンサと並列に接続されている
スイッチング回路。 - 前記第2の整流素子は、直列に接続された前記コンデンサ及び前記第2の抵抗器のうちの前記コンデンサだけと並列に接続されている
請求項1記載のスイッチング回路。 - 前記第2の整流素子は、直列に接続された前記コンデンサ及び前記第2の抵抗器と並列に接続されている
請求項1記載のスイッチング回路。 - さらに、前記第2の抵抗器と並列に接続され、前記コンデンサ側に陽極を有し、前記第1の抵抗器側に陰極を有する第3の整流素子を備える
請求項3記載のスイッチング回路。 - さらに、前記ソース端子と前記ゲート端子との間で、かつ、前記第1の整流素子と直列に接続され、前記ゲート端子側に陽極を有し、前記ソース端子側に陰極を有するツェナーダイオードを備える
請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のスイッチング回路。 - さらに、前記ソース端子と前記ゲート端子との間で、かつ、前記第1の整流素子と直列に接続され、前記ソース端子側に陽極を有し、前記ゲート端子側に陰極を有する少なくとも1つの整流素子を備える
請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のスイッチング回路。 - さらに、前記接合型電界効果トランジスタ、前記第1の出力端子、前記第2の出力端子、前記第1の整流素子、前記第1の抵抗器、前記直列回路、及び、前記第2の整流素子を収容する単一のパッケージを備え、
前記パッケージは、前記コンデンサの両端のそれぞれと接続される第1の端子及び第2の端子、前記第1の整流素子の陽極と接続される第3の端子、並びに、前記ソース端子と接続される第4の端子を有する
請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のスイッチング回路。 - さらに、前記パッケージの外部に配置され、前記第3の端子と前記第4の端子とを短絡する配線を備える
請求項7記載のスイッチング回路。 - さらに、前記パッケージの外部に配置され、前記第3の端子と前記第4の端子との間に接続され、前記第3の端子側に陽極を有し、前記第4の端子側に陰極を有するツェナーダイオードを備える
請求項7記載のスイッチング回路。 - さらに、前記パッケージの外部に配置され、前記第3の端子と前記第4の端子との間に接続され、前記第4の端子側に陽極を有し、前記第3の端子側に陰極を有する、直列に接続された複数の整流素子を備える
請求項7記載のスイッチング回路。 - 前記接合型電界効果トランジスタは、p型窒化物半導体、及び、前記p型窒化物半導体とオーミック接触するゲート電極で構成されるゲート部を有する
請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載のスイッチング回路。
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| JP2020502843A JP7369953B2 (ja) | 2018-02-28 | 2019-01-11 | スイッチング回路 |
| CN202410877692.1A CN118868892A (zh) | 2018-02-28 | 2019-01-11 | 开关电路 |
| EP21199382.9A EP3955442B1 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2019-01-11 | Switching circuit |
| CN201980014358.0A CN111771322B (zh) | 2018-02-28 | 2019-01-11 | 开关电路 |
| EP19761119.7A EP3761491B1 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2019-01-11 | Switching circuit |
| US17/003,900 US11031935B2 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2020-08-26 | Switching circuit |
| US17/308,805 US11398820B2 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2021-05-05 | Switching circuit |
| JP2022189130A JP7457951B2 (ja) | 2018-02-28 | 2022-11-28 | スイッチング回路 |
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| US17/003,900 Continuation US11031935B2 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2020-08-26 | Switching circuit |
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| EP (2) | EP3761491B1 (ja) |
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| JP7369953B2 (ja) | 2023-10-27 |
| EP3955442B1 (en) | 2025-03-05 |
| CN111771322B (zh) | 2024-09-17 |
| US20210258008A1 (en) | 2021-08-19 |
| JP2023016898A (ja) | 2023-02-02 |
| CN111771322A (zh) | 2020-10-13 |
| EP3761491B1 (en) | 2025-08-06 |
| CN118868892A (zh) | 2024-10-29 |
| EP3761491A4 (en) | 2021-04-21 |
| JPWO2019167446A1 (ja) | 2021-02-25 |
| US20200395933A1 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
| EP3955442A1 (en) | 2022-02-16 |
| JP7457951B2 (ja) | 2024-03-29 |
| EP3761491A1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
| US11398820B2 (en) | 2022-07-26 |
| US11031935B2 (en) | 2021-06-08 |
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