WO2019227123A1 - Ensemble outil et kit associé pour une orientation de trou de forage in situ - Google Patents

Ensemble outil et kit associé pour une orientation de trou de forage in situ Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019227123A1
WO2019227123A1 PCT/AU2019/000068 AU2019000068W WO2019227123A1 WO 2019227123 A1 WO2019227123 A1 WO 2019227123A1 AU 2019000068 W AU2019000068 W AU 2019000068W WO 2019227123 A1 WO2019227123 A1 WO 2019227123A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ball
scale
azimuth
orientation
follower
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU2019/000068
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English (en)
Inventor
Justin John BRIODY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2018901912A external-priority patent/AU2018901912A0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2019227123A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019227123A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/005—Above ground means for handling the core, e.g. for extracting the core from the core barrel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/16—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors for obtaining oriented cores
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/18—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver being specially adapted for operation under water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C17/00—Compasses; Devices for ascertaining true or magnetic north for navigation or surveying purposes
    • G01C17/02—Magnetic compasses
    • G01C17/04—Magnetic compasses with north-seeking magnetic elements, e.g. needles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • G01C9/10—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using rolling bodies, e.g. spheres, cylinders, mercury droplets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • G01C9/10—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using rolling bodies, e.g. spheres, cylinders, mercury droplets
    • G01C2009/107—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using rolling bodies, e.g. spheres, cylinders, mercury droplets spheres

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION relates to borehole orientation and to a tool assembly and related kit for in-situ orientation of a borehole bottom and more particularly but not limited to a tool assembly and related kit for orientation of a core sample face and borehole bottom using the tool assembly.
  • orientation is“hole orientation” and“core orientation”. Core samples are used to examine the structure of a formation being drilled. The
  • core sample must be determined. It is known to orient an upper face of a core prior to it being drilled. Various tools have been devised. It is also known to orient the bottom of the hole prior to the core being drilled. The position of the core relative to each tool may be reproduced at the surface. Furthermore, core samples are kept and it is desirable to record the core orientation with the core sample. Core orientation is conventionally recorded on wooden blocks held in core trays adjacent the stored core samples. Core orientation is different from simply obtaining a drill hole profile as may have been done in the past using some moldable form or fingered device. See for example US Patent 2,824,378 to Stokes.
  • a drill hole is 1 0 misaligned over 1 ,000 meters to plan it could result in a 30 meter error, 15 meters either side of the target. This may mean misidentification of dangerous and unstable ground or the location of earth resources.
  • Hole orientation consists of two bearings,“Azimuth” bearing which is the direction to which the hole is pointing for example, North and“Dip” bearing which is the angle the hole proceeds into the earth for example, 20° down or up for holes in underground mines.
  • Core orientation consists of capturing the exact position of the core in relation to its natural position in the earth. One side of the core is marked and used as a reference point, this mark is normally the bottom of the core.
  • Australia Pty Ltd describes an orienting device for providing an indication of the orientation of a ground core sample cut by a core drill.
  • This device employs at one end a shroud having a plurality of slidable pins which contact a core face and by relative displacement of the pins provides a contour of the core face. This is described as a “face orientator”.
  • the device also employs what is described as a“bottom orientator”.
  • the bottom orientator has three axially spaced ball races each having a ball freely travelling in the respective race so they remain in a line at the bottom of the device under the influence of gravity.
  • the shroud around it is moved in the uphole direction, this action releases a spring which in turn causes the ball races to clamp the balls.
  • Three balls are used to improve accuracy.
  • the clamped position of the balls provides the bottom of the hole.
  • the device may be used to orient the core.
  • a line may then be drawn along the core to give the reference line on the core corresponding to the bottom of the hole.
  • An inclinometer is mounted in the device.
  • the inclinometer employs a calibrated graduated wheel. It is mounted to rotate about its own axis and also about the central axis of the device so that it remains vertical.
  • the wheel has its centre of gravity offset so that it reads 0° on the horizontal when the device is horizontal.
  • a locking pin locks the inclinometer wheel which gives the inclination just before the core is cut.
  • the device is then released from the core drill and the core may be cut. Since the device is carried by the core drill, core orientation and core cutting is part of the one process rather than having to go down the hole twice.
  • International Patent Application Publication No. W02005/078232 is a modified version of the device of W02003/038232 in so far as it retains the face orientator and hole bottom orientator but now employs a disc mounted with the face orientator which may be marked with a face mark corresponding to a mark on the core face and with a second mark applied manually when the device is returned to the surface. This also corresponds to a line applied to the core sample corresponding to the hole bottom. This disc so marked is used as a permanent record of the core orientation. The disc is stored with the core sample.
  • W02008/113127 also sharing common inventor(s) marks a departure from their prior art mechanical devices in so far as it employs electronics.
  • a gyroscope logs orientation and azimuth may be determined based on the entry position of the bore, drill depth and the gyroscope readings.
  • the device In addition to electronic readings the device retains the mechanical face and hole bottom orientation as secondary checks.
  • the face orientator has a scale marked on its barrel. The hole bottom position is manually transferred by pen as a line to the barrel of the face orientator and to the core sample.
  • the face orientator is single use and is stored with the core sample as a record.
  • GyroPath (Gyro Path is a Registered Trade Mark) produced by Icefield Tools of Canada is a borehole surveying tool utilising gyroscopic and inclination sensors which amongst other capabilities can measure and record core sample orientation.
  • the trend has been toward electronics but of course with the addition of electronics comes high cost. The purpose of reviewing the above prior art is merely to illustrate this trend and the inclusion herein of these documents should not be considered an admission that any one or part thereof is part of the common general knowledge.
  • Moverover with the concept of the present invention as set out in the kit according to claim 1 , involving separate and manually applied scales, in a preferred form applicant’s invention is able to record orientation including taking a core face profile, record the hole bottom as well as measurements of azimuth and dip angle.
  • kits for borehole orientation comprising: a. a borehole orientation device having a hole bottom indicator carried by a carrier including a lockable gravity follower; and b. at least one read out device having a scale to be applied manually to the orientation device, after the follower is locked, to read orientation data from a scale.
  • the scale typically includes azimuth and/or dip angle.
  • the follower is locked by being axially shiftable. Locking preferably takes place by resilient engagement with an arrestor.
  • the arrester may comprise two or more resilient tangs.
  • the follower may also include a compass function by employing a magnet. The magnet may also serve as a centre of gravity offset to follow gravity.
  • a borehole orientation device having a lockable gravity follower, the gravity follower carrier having a hole bottom indicator.
  • the borehole bottom indicator may be at a lower position on the device so that it is truly lower or at a position that may be related to the borehole bottom. In the case of downhill drilling the indicator may be at 180° from the borehole bottom. In the case of uphill drilling it may coincide with the downhill bottom.
  • the follower is a rotatable element, typically an orientation ball and the hole bottom indicator is a spot on the surface of the ball.
  • the gravity following feature is usually provided by an offset centre of gravity. This may be provided by an eccentric weight. This may be a magnet.
  • the spot may be opposite the weight. The spot position is selected so that it may be visible when the ball is locked. The opposite position is typically used for“downhill” drilling. A different spot position relative to the weight is usually employed for substantially“horizontal” drilling and a still further position for“uphill” drilling. Separate balls may be used or different spot colours.
  • azimuth is read from a manually applied scale after the ball has been locked and the device retrieved.
  • the first step involves locating the spot on the ball intersecting with a first scale, with a line from the spot intersecting with a second scale, the line being on the surface of the ball in a radial plane and terminating at or adjacent the hole bottom indicator. In this case the line will always point due north.
  • the azimuth reading is taken from the second scale, the first and second scales being on a see through“azimuth” hemispherical dome, manually applied to the ball.
  • the see through dome has an inner surface complementary to the ball so that it may rotate on the locked ball, the second scale being a 360° scale along an“equatorial” circumference with the first scale set at 90° to the second scale.
  • dip angle is read from a dip angle scale rotatably placed over the ball, the see through dip angle dome operating as a hemispherical protractor placed over the ball with a central 90° mark at the top of the dome and typically a spiral scale marking. Rotation of the dome on the ball such that the spot is located by a user on the spiral scale enable a user to read off dip angle.
  • the ball may be free and then locked, in a preferred form, there is a non-ferrous device body which is adapted to hold the orientation ball in two positions. In a first position the ball is free to rotate in any direction under the influence of gravity due to the offset weight. In the second position it is locked or arrested against any rotation.
  • the ball also operates as a compass where the weight is also a magnet causing the magnet to shift North in a substantially horizontal plane while at the same time retaining the vertical set due to gravity. This means the ball is locked with both compass and hole bottom orientation function.
  • the device body may carry a face orientator comprising axially slidable pins and at the other end, being the uphole end, house the orientation ball.
  • the orientation ball may be in an orientation ball chamber formed when first and second chamber portions are assembled about the ball.
  • the kit may include an applicator to manually “set” the ball in a free moving position.
  • the chamber portions comprise a downhole wall portion with resilient axial tangs about a dome-like wall, each tang having an orientation ball arrestor rib, arranged such that the chamber portions expel air from the chamber during assembly. Grooves are provided either side of the chamber and these have o-ring seals used to seal the chamber with the ball in the first position, uphole of the arrestor ribs.
  • the portions are assembled, after being progressively vented. Relative axial movement of the portions locks the ball by reason of its engagement with the ribs. While this arrangement is preferred in order to arrest movement of the ball, it will be
  • a method of setting a device including the steps of: loading the orientation ball into a second body part having a second ball chamber portion;
  • the second body part has a hollow formed by a tapered wall used to vent air and some liquid and then seal the orientation ball chamber when a o-ring held in one of the parts between the parts becomes located in a groove in the other part.
  • the o-ring may move axially out of the groove, so that the ball is shifted slightly over-centre and locked in place by the arrestor ribs on the tangs.
  • an azimuth lens having a dome section matching the ball may be placed over the ball and the method further comprises the measurement of azimuth using the azimuth lens by aligning a ladder scale with the spot and then reading off the azimuth at the intersection of a line with an azimuth scale set at 90° to the ladder scale.
  • a dip angle lens having a dome section matching the ball may be placed over the ball and the method further comprises the reading of dip angle using the dip angle lens, the dip angle lens being equipped with a calibrated spiral scale and dip angle may read off by rotating the lens until the spot intersects with the scale.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic drawing illustrating the mistaken belief that a particular ore body is located on a 45° line
  • Figure 2 illustrates a formation of two fault lines
  • Figure 3 illustrates in phantom an anticipated open cut removal of an ore body and surrounding material
  • Figure 4 illustrates the prospective hazard that might arise from removal as illustrated in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 illustrates the hazardous landslip that might occur
  • Figures 6 through 9 are component parts of a tool according to the present invention.
  • Figures 12 through 15 are measurement devices applicable to a kit according to the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a drawing illustrating the method by which the orientator ball is located in its free moving position
  • Figure 18 is a removal tool which is used to remove the tool according to the present invention from the position illustrated in Figure 17;
  • Figures 19 to 21 are a cap that may be inserted over the pins and may be marked so that the tool according to the present invention may be stored with an associated core sample;
  • Figure 22 illustrates operation of the present invention at the bottom of a borehole
  • Figure 23 illustrates the removal of a core sample with the core sample shown in Figure 24;
  • Figures 25 and 26 is a core cradle used to reorient the core and a tool according to the present invention at the surface for measurement purposes and marking of the core;
  • FIGS. 27 and 28 illustrate measurement of azimuth
  • Figures 29 and 30 illustrate measurement of dip angle
  • Figure 31 illustrates storage of core samples in core trays and the capped unit according to the present invention
  • Figures 32A to 32E illustrate an orientation ball, azimuth and dip angle lenses for use in upward drilling.
  • Figures 33A to 33E illustrate an orientation ball, azimuth and dip angle lenses for use in substantially horizontal drilling.
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated in schematic a drilling operation employing a drilling rig 11 and showing two hypothetical drill bores 12 and 13, the bore 12 represents an intended 45° bore. Core samples are taken at intervals, these intervals are represented by the small circles. The hatched area represents the real resource. The real bore line is at 13 and the“phantom” resource is represented at 15 in phantom.
  • an accurate borehole orientation for example, which may be relative to the bore entry at 17 or any relative position can be employed for correlating the core samples to the actual underground location of that sample.
  • FIGS 2 to 5 illustrate another example of the possible consequences of incorrect borehole mapping.
  • it is proposed to excavate the area shown bounded by the broken line 18 in Figure 3.
  • there are two fault lines at 19 and 20 which could result in a safety risk due to slippage along fault line 19 and rock fall 21 putting workers at risk.
  • Accurate orientation of exploratory boreholes enable the fault lines 19 and 20 to be properly mapped and alternate measures taken to mine the area and eliminate this risk.
  • the kit has a nonferrous downhole hole bottom compass unit and above ground components.
  • the assembled parts form a chamber holding the carrier.
  • An applicator is used to assemble the parts.
  • the parts are axially shiftable and the carrier is axially shiftable in concert therewith to lock the indicator.
  • the indicator is typically part of a carrier in the form of a compass ball.
  • the indicator may be one or more markings on the surface of the ball.
  • the relationship between these parts is such that the indicator may freely move under the influence of gravity and then be locked where it is required to correlate with the borehole bottom at that point.
  • At least one measuring unit that may be manually loaded or placed in juxtaposition with the device to read off a coordinate.
  • the indicator and carrier combination according to the present example is illustrated in Figure 16 which, in this example, is an orientation ball 22 having an offset centre of gravity, and the indicator is a spot 23 or a line 24 or a combination of the two.
  • the measuring unit may be an azimuth lens 25 as illustrated in Figures 12 and 13 or a dip angle lens 26 as illustrated in Figures 14 and 15 each of which has a dome section
  • the ball 28 which is adapted to hold the orientation ball 22 in two positions. In a first position the ball is free to rotate in any direction under the influence of gravity. In the second position it is locked or arrested against any rotation. Thus the indicator spot 23 corresponds to the lowermost point that the ball would adopt under the influence of gravity. This means it can be locked when the device is in the bottom of the borehole and the spot 23 will correspond or be related to the lowermost part of the borehole just uphole from what will be the upper face of the core sample. Where the ball has magnetic weight on the outside of the ball, the line is arranged to always point to magnetic North.
  • End 29 carries the known type of face orientator comprising axially slidable pins 30 and an axially slidable marking pencil 31 .
  • the present invention may orient what will be the core top face in a customary way.
  • the other end 32 has an orientation ball chamber wall portion 33 with resilient tangs 34, 35 and 36, each tang having an orientation ball arrestor rib 37, 38, and 39 respectively.
  • the chamber wall portion 33 is dome-like and has vents at 40, the function of which will be described further below. Grooves for o-ring seals are provided at 41 and 42.
  • orientation ball 22 is separated from the body 28 in this embodiment and is loaded as part of an assembly process depicted in Figure 17 but this need not be the case.
  • the ball may be in a preformed assembly and encapsulated inside a sealed membrane.
  • the membrane may be transparent or single use and removed for reading purposes in order to achieve the objects as set out in this example.
  • Figure 17 illustrates how the orientation ball 22 is loaded into the first position.
  • the body 29 is connected to a second body part 43 which includes a second dome-like chamber wall 44 which together with portion 33 form an orientation ball chamber 45 at a first position where o-ring 46 locates in groove 47.
  • the body 43 has a hollow formed by tapered wall 48. As the parts move axially, this tapered wall is used to progressively vent air and some liquid and then seal the orientation ball chamber when the o-ring 46 is located in the groove 47.
  • a removal tool 55 shown in Figure 18 is employed. This fits over the pins 30 in similar fashion to applicator 50 and a threaded extraction tool is inserted into threaded axial bore 56 and the parts 28 and 43 are pushed apart thereby releasing them from each other.
  • the body 28 and locked ball 22 may be capped with a suitable cap of the type depicted in Figures 19-21 with the measured record recorded on the cap and this may be stored with the core sample in a storage tray as shown in Figure 31.
  • the ball 22 spot 23 records the borehole bottom.
  • the core sample may be placed in a core tray 57 as depicted in Figure 26 ( Figure 25 is an insert 58 for a smaller core size) and the body 28 placed in the tray section 59 on mounts 60 and 61 so that the in hole position is reproduced according to the face profile taken with pins 30 and marker pencil 31 .
  • a line may then be drawn along the core sample opposite the spot 23 to mark the hole bottom on the core sample.
  • Figures 27 and 28 illustrate the measurement of azimuth using the azimuth lens 25 by aligning the lowest point on the ladder scale 62 with the spot 23 and then reading off the azimuth at the intersection of line 24 with scale 63.
  • Figures 29 and 30 illustrate reading of dip angle using dip angle lens 26.
  • Dip angle lens 26 is equipped with a calibrated spiral scale 64 and dip angle may read off by rotating the lens until the spot 23 intersects with the scale.
  • the vertical down lenses are operated in the same way as for the vertical ball down.
  • the horizontal ball has the magnet located 90° to both the vertical balls and horizontal balls as it is looking along the horizontal axis.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un kit d'orientation de noyau qui comprend une unité de boussole et de fond de trou d'un fond de trou non ferreux assemblée à partir de deux parties et au-dessus de composants de sol employant des échelles de mesure pouvant être actionnées manuellement. Des parties assemblées forment une chambre contenant une bille de boussole à poids excentré flottant librement ayant un point indicateur de fond de trou (23) et une ligne nord/sud (24). Un applicateur est utilisé pour assembler les parties pour piéger la bille dans une chambre et flottant dans un liquide. Les parties peuvent être déplacées axialement au niveau du fond de trou pour verrouiller la bille. Lors de la récupération, l'unité est séparée et des mesures peuvent être prises de la bille. Il y a deux échelles utilisées avec la mesure de l'azimut à l'aide de la lentille d'azimut (25) en alignant le point le plus bas sur une échelle d'échelle (62) sur le point (23), et, ensuite, en lisant l'azimut à l'intersection de la ligne (24) avec l'échelle (63).
PCT/AU2019/000068 2018-05-30 2019-05-30 Ensemble outil et kit associé pour une orientation de trou de forage in situ Ceased WO2019227123A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2018901912 2018-05-30
AU2018901912A AU2018901912A0 (en) 2018-05-30 A tool assembly and related kit for in-situ borehole orientation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019227123A1 true WO2019227123A1 (fr) 2019-12-05

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PCT/AU2019/000068 Ceased WO2019227123A1 (fr) 2018-05-30 2019-05-30 Ensemble outil et kit associé pour une orientation de trou de forage in situ

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112577468A (zh) * 2020-12-09 2021-03-30 贵州盘江煤电集团技术研究院有限公司 一种定向钻孔岩心的倾向倾角测量装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1198657B1 (fr) * 1999-06-03 2004-08-25 Shelljet Pty Limited Orientation des echantillons carottes
WO2005078232A1 (fr) * 2004-02-16 2005-08-25 2Ic Australia Pty Ltd Dispositif d'orientation de carotte
US20090071716A1 (en) * 2006-05-31 2009-03-19 Frank Van Ruth Core orientation determination

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1198657B1 (fr) * 1999-06-03 2004-08-25 Shelljet Pty Limited Orientation des echantillons carottes
WO2005078232A1 (fr) * 2004-02-16 2005-08-25 2Ic Australia Pty Ltd Dispositif d'orientation de carotte
US20090071716A1 (en) * 2006-05-31 2009-03-19 Frank Van Ruth Core orientation determination

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112577468A (zh) * 2020-12-09 2021-03-30 贵州盘江煤电集团技术研究院有限公司 一种定向钻孔岩心的倾向倾角测量装置

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