WO2019242555A1 - 波长可调谐的激光器 - Google Patents

波长可调谐的激光器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019242555A1
WO2019242555A1 PCT/CN2019/091044 CN2019091044W WO2019242555A1 WO 2019242555 A1 WO2019242555 A1 WO 2019242555A1 CN 2019091044 W CN2019091044 W CN 2019091044W WO 2019242555 A1 WO2019242555 A1 WO 2019242555A1
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Prior art keywords
coupler
output port
input port
passive
filter unit
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PCT/CN2019/091044
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English (en)
French (fr)
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罗俊
王谦
布雷诺·罗曼
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2019242555A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019242555A1/zh
Priority to US17/126,716 priority Critical patent/US11418001B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/02—Constructional details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/10053—Phase control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/005—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S5/0078—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping for frequency filtering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
    • H01S5/0607—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying physical parameters other than the potential of the electrodes, e.g. by an electric or magnetic field, mechanical deformation, pressure, light, temperature
    • H01S5/0608—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying physical parameters other than the potential of the electrodes, e.g. by an electric or magnetic field, mechanical deformation, pressure, light, temperature controlled by light, e.g. optical switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/1028—Coupling to elements in the cavity, e.g. coupling to waveguides adjacent the active region, e.g. forward coupled [DFC] structures
    • H01S5/1032—Coupling to elements comprising an optical axis that is not aligned with the optical axis of the active region
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/1042—Optical microcavities, e.g. cavity dimensions comparable to the wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/12—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region the resonator having a periodic structure, e.g. in distributed feedback [DFB] lasers
    • H01S5/124—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region the resonator having a periodic structure, e.g. in distributed feedback [DFB] lasers incorporating phase shifts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/14—External cavity lasers
    • H01S5/141—External cavity lasers using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
    • H01S5/026—Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors, drivers
    • H01S5/0261—Non-optical elements, e.g. laser driver components, heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
    • H01S5/0607—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying physical parameters other than the potential of the electrodes, e.g. by an electric or magnetic field, mechanical deformation, pressure, light, temperature
    • H01S5/0612—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying physical parameters other than the potential of the electrodes, e.g. by an electric or magnetic field, mechanical deformation, pressure, light, temperature controlled by temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
    • H01S5/062—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes
    • H01S5/0625—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes in multi-section lasers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/1003—Waveguide having a modified shape along the axis, e.g. branched, curved, tapered, voids
    • H01S5/1007—Branched waveguides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/14—External cavity lasers
    • H01S5/141—External cavity lasers using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon
    • H01S5/142—External cavity lasers using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon which comprises an additional resonator

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical communication technology, and more particularly, to a wavelength-tunable laser.
  • DFB distributed Bragg grating
  • the wavelength emitted by each type of DFB laser is fixed, so the WDM network needs optical transceiver modules that include DFB lasers with different emission wavelengths.
  • an additional fine Bragg grating structure is required to perform the emission wavelength.
  • Limitation has made it difficult to reduce the price of DFB lasers; on the other hand, the demand for DFB lasers with different emission wavelengths has led to an increase in the types of optical transceiver modules, which has increased the cost of stocking, installation, operation and maintenance.
  • a wavelength-tunable laser is used instead of a fixed-wavelength DFB laser.
  • the wavelength-tunable laser is based on two sets of comb-filtered vernier effects to achieve wavelength tuning.
  • the wavelength-tuning response is a complex multidimensional response graph. Therefore, the testing and calibration of the wavelength is very complicated.
  • the present application provides a wavelength-tunable laser, which can reduce the complexity of laser wavelength tuning.
  • a wavelength-tunable laser including a reflective gain unit, an optical phase shifter, a coupler, and an array of passive filtering units.
  • An output port of the reflective gain unit is connected to an input port of the optical phase shifter, and the reflective gain unit is configured to reflect light in a resonant cavity of the laser and provide a gain of the laser;
  • the output port of the optical phase shifter is connected to the input port of the coupler, and the optical phase shifter is used to adjust the cavity length of the resonant cavity of the laser, so that the cavity mode of the laser and the passive filter unit Center wavelength matching;
  • the first output port of the coupler is connected to the input port of the passive filtering unit array, and is used to input the light to be filtered into the passive filtering unit array;
  • the second output port of the coupler is the Laser output port;
  • the passive filtering unit array includes a plurality of passive filtering units, and any two of the plurality of passive filtering units have different wavelength tuning ranges, and at the same time, the plurality of passive filtering units There is only one passive filtering unit in the filtering unit for filtering.
  • the passive filter unit array is used to enable the laser to emit a wavelength-tunable laser, and the wavelength of each filter unit is linearly tunable. Also, at the same time, the multiple There is only one passive filter unit in the passive filter unit for filtering, so the control of the laser is relatively simple. The use of two sets of comb-filtered vernier effects to achieve wavelength tuning is avoided, which can reduce the complexity of wavelength tuning of a wavelength-tunable laser, thereby reducing costs.
  • each of the plurality of passive filtering units includes a band-pass mirror, a tunable filter, and an optical switch, and the optical switch is used for A tunable filter for controlling whether light enters a passive filtering unit where the optical switch is located, the tunable filter is configured to filter out light having a filtering peak wavelength of the tunable filter, and the band-pass mirror To reflect the filtered light,
  • the wavelength tuning range of the tunable filter is within the bandwidth range of the reflection wavelength of the band-pass mirror, and within the bandwidth range of the band-pass mirror, the tunable filter has one and only one filtering peak ,
  • An input port of the passive filter unit array is an input port of an optical switch of a first passive filter unit of the passive filter unit array
  • the first output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the input port of the adjustable filter of the Nth passive filter unit, and the adjustable filter of the Nth passive filter unit The output port is connected to the input port of the band-pass mirror of the Nth passive filtering unit,
  • the second output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the input port of the optical switch of the N + 1th passive filter unit, N ⁇ 1.
  • the tunable filter includes a micro-ring resonator and / or the optical switch includes a Mach-Zehnder interferometer MZI.
  • the tunable filter when the tunable filter includes a micro-ring resonator and the optical switch includes a Mach-Zehnder interferometer MZI, wherein the micro-ring is resonant
  • the coupler includes a first coupler, a second coupler, and a third coupler, and the MZI includes the first coupler and the second coupler;
  • An input port of the passive filter unit array is a first input port of a first coupler of a first passive filter unit of the passive filter unit array
  • the first output port of the first coupler of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the first input port of the second coupler of the Nth passive filter unit, and the first output of the second coupler
  • the port is connected to the first input port of the third coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit, and the first output port of the third coupler is connected to the second input port of the first coupler, wherein
  • the optical waveguide of the first output port of the second coupler and the first input port of the third coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and / or the first output port of the third coupler and the first coupler are connected.
  • the optical waveguide of the second input port of a coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and the heating electrode is used to change the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator;
  • the second output port of the first coupler is connected to the second input port of the second coupler, and the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the first coupler of the N + 1th passive filter unit.
  • a first input port wherein the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and / or is connected to the first
  • the optical waveguide of the second output port of the coupler and the second input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and the phase shifter realizes light by changing the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI Switching of a signal between a first output port and a second output port of the second coupler;
  • the second output port of the third coupler is connected to the input port of the band-pass mirror of the Nth passive filter unit, N ⁇ 1.
  • the free spectral region of the micro-ring resonator is equal to the free spectral region of the MZI.
  • the MZI when the optical switch includes MZI, the MZI includes two couplers,
  • An input port of the passive filter unit array is a first input port of a first coupler of a first passive filter unit of the passive filter unit array;
  • the first output port of the first coupler of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the first input port of the second coupler of the Nth passive filter unit, and the first Two output ports are connected to a second input port of the second coupler, and a first output port of the second coupler is connected to an input port of an adjustable filter of the Nth passive filtering unit, and the second The second output port of the coupler is connected to the input port of the first coupler of the N + 1th passive filtering unit, N ⁇ 1, wherein the first output port connected to the first coupler and the second coupling
  • the optical waveguide of the first input port of the converter is covered with a phase shifter, and / or the optical waveguide connecting the second output port of the first coupler and the second input port of the second coupler is covered with a shifter.
  • a phase shifter which implements switching of an optical signal between a first output port and a second output port of the second coupler by changing a phase difference between the two arms of the MZI;
  • An output port of the adjustable filter of the Nth passive filtering unit is connected to an input port of a band-pass mirror of the Nth passive filtering unit.
  • the micro-ring resonator when the tunable filter includes a micro-ring resonator, the micro-ring resonator includes two couplers;
  • An input port of the passive filter unit array is an input port of an optical switch of a first passive filter unit of the passive filter unit array
  • a first output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to a first input port of a first coupler of the Nth passive filter unit, and a first output port of the first coupler is connected to the first The first input port of the second coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit, and the first output port of the second coupler is connected to the second input port of the first coupler, N ⁇ 1, wherein,
  • the optical waveguide of the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and / or the first output port of the second coupler and the first coupler are connected.
  • the optical waveguide of the second input port of a coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and the heating electrode is used to change the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator;
  • the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the input port of the band-pass mirror of the Nth passive filter unit, and the second output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the Nth Input port of optical switch of +1 passive filter unit.
  • the phases of the two arms of the MZI differ by one ⁇ phase, light enters the N + 1th through the second output port of the second coupler.
  • the passive filter unit array includes a band multiplexer, and an input port of the passive filter unit array is an input port of the band multiplexer, One of the multiple output ports of the band multiplexer is connected to one of the passive filtering units,
  • Each of the plurality of passive filtering units includes a tunable filter, an optical switch, and a mirror,
  • the optical switch is used to control whether light enters the reflector, the tunable filter is used to filter out light having a filtering peak wavelength of the tunable filter, and the reflector is used to reflect the filtered light,
  • a wavelength tuning range of the tunable filter is within a filtering bandwidth range of a band multiplexer output port connected to the passive filtering unit where the tunable filter is located, and is within a filtering bandwidth range of the output port.
  • the tunable filter there is only one filtering peak,
  • the Nth output port of the multiple output ports of the band multiplexer is connected to the input port of the adjustable filter of the Nth passive filter unit, N ⁇ 1,
  • An output port of an adjustable filter of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to an input port of an optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit
  • An output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to an input port of a mirror of the Nth passive filter unit.
  • the tunable filter includes a micro-ring resonator and / or the optical switch includes MZI.
  • the micro-ring resonator when the tunable filter includes a micro-ring resonator, the micro-ring resonator includes two couplers,
  • the first input port of the first coupler of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the Nth output port of the band multiplexer, and the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the Nth
  • the first input port of the second coupler of the two passive filter units, the first output port of the second coupler is connected to the second input port of the first coupler, wherein the The optical waveguide of the first output port and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and / or the first output port of the second coupler is connected to a second of the first coupler.
  • the optical waveguide of the input port is covered with a heating electrode, and the heating electrode is used to change the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator;
  • the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the input port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit, and the output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the Nth passive filter unit.
  • Mirror of source filtering unit N ⁇ 1.
  • each MZI when the optical switch includes MZI, each MZI includes two couplers,
  • An input port of the adjustable filter of the Nth passive filtering unit is connected to an Nth output port of the band multiplexer
  • An output port of the tunable filter is connected to an input port of a first coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit
  • a first output port of the first coupler is connected to a first input port of a second coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit, and a second output port of the first coupler is connected to the second coupler.
  • a second input port of the optical waveguide connected to the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and / or connected to the first coupling
  • the optical waveguides of the second output port and the second input port of the second coupler are covered with a phase shifter, and the phase shifter realizes an optical signal by changing the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI. Switching between a first output port and a second output port of the second coupler; an output port of the second coupler is connected to a reflector of the Nth passive filter unit, N ⁇ 1.
  • the tunable filter when the tunable filter includes a micro-ring resonator and the optical switch includes MZI, the micro-ring resonator includes a first coupler and A second coupler, the MZI includes a third coupler and a fourth coupler,
  • the first input port of the first coupler of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the Nth output port of the band multiplexer, and the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the Nth
  • the first input port of the second coupler of the two passive filter units, the first output port of the second coupler is connected to the second input port of the first coupler, wherein the The optical waveguide of the first output port and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and / or the first output port of the second coupler is connected to a second of the first coupler.
  • the optical waveguide of the input port is covered with a heating electrode, and the heating electrode is used to change the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator;
  • a second output port of the second coupler is connected to an input port of a third coupler of the Nth passive filter unit, and a first output port of the third coupler is connected to the Nth passive filter.
  • the first input port of the fourth coupler of the unit, the second output port of the third coupler is connected to the second input port of the fourth coupler, wherein the first output port of the third coupler is connected
  • the optical waveguide with the first input port of the fourth coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and the phase shifter is used to change the length of the covered MZI interference arm, thereby causing an optical phase to be formed between the two MZI interference arms. Poor, to switch the optical signal between the first output port and the second output port of the fourth coupler;
  • An output port of the fourth coupler is connected to a reflector of the Nth passive filter unit, and N ⁇ 1.
  • the passive filter unit array includes a band multiplexer, and an input port of the passive filter unit array is an input port of the band multiplexer, One of the multiple output ports of the band multiplexer is connected to one of the passive filtering units,
  • Each of the plurality of passive filtering units includes an optical switch, a tunable filter, and a mirror,
  • the optical switch is used to control whether light enters the reflector, the tunable filter is used to filter out light having a filtering peak wavelength of the tunable filter, and the reflector is used to reflect the filtered light,
  • a wavelength tuning range of the tunable filter is within a filtering bandwidth range of a band multiplexer output port connected to the passive filtering unit where the tunable filter is located, and is within a filtering bandwidth range of the output port.
  • the tunable filter there is only one filtering peak,
  • the Nth output port of the multiple output ports of the band multiplexer is connected to the input port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit, N ⁇ 1,
  • An output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to an input port of the adjustable filter of the Nth passive filter unit
  • An output port of the tunable filter of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to an input port of a mirror of the Nth passive filter unit.
  • the tunable filter includes a micro-ring resonator and / or the optical switch includes MZI.
  • the micro-ring resonator when the tunable filter includes a micro-ring resonator, the micro-ring resonator includes two couplers,
  • An input port of the optical switch of the N-th passive filter unit is connected to an N-th output port of the band multiplexer, and an output port of the optical switch is connected to a first of the N-th passive filter unit.
  • a first input port of the coupler, a first output port of the first coupler is connected to a first input port of the second coupler, and a first output port of the second coupler is connected to the first coupler
  • a second input port, wherein the optical waveguide connected to the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and / or is connected to the second coupling
  • the optical waveguides of the first output port and the second input port of the first coupler are covered with heating electrodes, and the heating electrodes are used to change the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator;
  • the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the reflector of the N-th passive filter unit, N ⁇ 1.
  • the MZI when the optical switch includes MZI, the MZI includes two couplers,
  • An input port of a first coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit is connected to an Nth output port of the band multiplexer
  • a first output port of the first coupler is connected to a first input port of a second coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit, and a second output port of the first coupler is connected to the second coupler.
  • a second input port wherein the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and / or is connected to the first
  • the optical waveguide of the second output port of the coupler and the second input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and the phase shifter realizes light by changing the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI Signal switching between a first output port and a second output port of the second coupler;
  • an output port of the second coupler is connected to an input port of an adjustable filter of the Nth passive filtering unit ,
  • the output port of the tunable filter is connected to the reflector of the Nth passive filtering unit, N ⁇ 1.
  • the MZI when the tunable filter includes a micro-ring resonator and the optical switch includes MZI, the MZI includes a first coupler and a second coupling
  • the micro-ring resonator includes a third coupler and a fourth coupler
  • An input port of a first coupler of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to an Nth output port of the band multiplexer, and a first output port of the first coupler is connected to the Nth non-passive filter unit.
  • the optical waveguide of the output port and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and / or the second output port of the first coupler and the second input of the second coupler are connected.
  • the optical waveguide of the port is covered with a phase shifter, and the phase shifter realizes an optical signal at the first output port and the second output port of the second coupler by changing the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI.
  • the output port of the second coupler is connected to the first input port of the third coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit, and the first output port of the third coupler is connected to the first First input of the fourth coupler of the N passive filtering units
  • a first output port of the fourth coupler is connected to a second input port of the third coupler, wherein the first output port of the third coupler is connected to the first input of the fourth coupler
  • the optical waveguide of the port is covered with a heating electrode, and / or the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the fourth coupler and the second input port of the third coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and the heating electrode
  • the second output port realizes an optical signal at the first output port and the second output port of the second coupler by changing the phase difference between the two
  • the laser further includes a controller, where the controller is configured to control an optical switch of each of the plurality of passive filtering units. It is turned on or off so that at the same time, only one passive filtering unit among the multiple passive filtering units performs filtering; the controller is further configured to control a filtering wavelength of the tunable filter.
  • the passive filter unit array is used to enable the laser to emit a wavelength-tunable laser, and the wavelength of each filter unit is linearly tunable, because at the same time, the multiple passive units There is only one passive filtering unit in the filtering unit for filtering, so the control of the laser is relatively simple. The use of two sets of comb-filtered vernier effects to achieve wavelength tuning is avoided, which can reduce the complexity of wavelength tuning of a wavelength-tunable laser, thereby reducing costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength-tunable laser according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of demultiplexing at each demultiplexing port of a band multiplexer of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser according to another embodiment of the application.
  • each different optical wavelength carries a different optical signal, and optical signals of different wavelengths are transmitted in the same optical fiber, realizing large-capacity and low-loss data communication.
  • the laser can emit light with a tunable wavelength, so that the optical transceiver module of the DWDM network does not need to include DFB lasers with different emission wavelengths, and different wavelengths can be obtained by using the laser. Light.
  • This application proposes a wavelength tunable laser.
  • the laser not only implements laser wavelength tunability, but also does not need to use the vernier effect to achieve wavelength tuning, reduces the complexity of wavelength tuning, and simplifies the process of laser tuning the wavelength. Reduced cost of wavelength tunable lasers.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength-tunable laser 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser 100 includes a reflective gain unit 110, an optical phase shifter 120, a coupler 130, and a passive filter unit array 140.
  • An output port of the reflective gain unit 110 is connected to an input port of the optical phase shifter 120, and the reflective gain unit is configured to reflect light in a resonant cavity of the laser and provide a gain of the laser;
  • the output port of the optical phase shifter 120 is connected to the input port of the coupler 130.
  • the optical phase shifter is used to adjust the cavity length of the resonant cavity of the laser so that the cavity mode of the laser matches the center wavelength of the passive filtering unit. ;
  • the first output port of the coupler 130 is connected to the input port of the passive filter unit array, and is used to input the light to be filtered into the passive filter unit array.
  • the second output port of the coupler 130 is the output of the laser. port;
  • the passive filter unit array 140 includes multiple passive filter units, and any two of the multiple passive filter units have different wavelength tuning ranges.
  • the reflective gain unit is not only used to provide gain for the laser 100, but also used to reflect light in the optical cavity of the laser, and the reflection is total reflection.
  • the optical phase shifter 120 is to change the cavity length of the optical cavity of the laser. It should be understood that the optical phase shifter 120 is actually used to adjust the phase of the optical path so that the optical path is changed, which causes the equivalent cavity length of the laser resonant cavity to be changed. So that the cavity mode of the laser of the laser matches the center wavelength of the filtered passive filtering unit.
  • the input port of the coupler 130 is connected to the output port of the optical phase shifter, the first output port of the coupler 130 is connected to the input port of the passive filter unit array, and the second output port of the coupler 130 is for the laser. Output port.
  • the passive filtering unit array 140 includes a plurality of passive filtering unit arrays, and any two of the plurality of passive filtering units have different wavelength tuning ranges, and at the same time, the plurality of passive filtering units There is only one passive filtering unit for filtering.
  • the laser can output lasers with different wavelengths.
  • the passive filter unit array includes three passive filter units, wherein the wavelength tuning range of the first passive filter unit is 1550nm-1560nm, and the wavelength tuning range of the second passive filter unit is 1560nm-1570nm.
  • the third passive filter unit has a wavelength tuning range of 1570nm-1580nm. Then when the first passive filtering unit works, the wavelength range of the laser output by the laser is 1550nm-1560nm, and when the second passive filtering unit works, the wavelength range of the laser output by the laser is 1560nm-1570nm When the third passive filtering unit works, the wavelength of the laser output by the laser is in the range of 1570nm-1580nm.
  • the passive filter unit array is used to enable the laser to emit a wavelength-tunable laser, and the wavelength of each filter unit is linearly tunable. Also, at the same time, the multiple There is only one passive filter unit in the passive filter unit for filtering, so the control of the laser is relatively simple. The use of two sets of comb-filtered vernier effects to achieve wavelength tuning is avoided, which can reduce the complexity of wavelength tuning of a wavelength-tunable laser, thereby reducing costs.
  • the reflective gain unit may be implemented based on a IIIV quantum well or a quantum dot, and the working wavelength may be a 1310 nm wavelength region, a 1550 nm wavelength region, or other regions.
  • the rest of the rest can be implemented based on waveguide structures of material platforms such as SOI, SiO2, and SiNx.
  • each of the plurality of passive filter units includes a band-pass mirror, a tunable filter, and an optical switch, and the optical switch is used to control whether the light is The tunable filter that enters the passive filtering unit where the optical switch is located, the tunable filter is used to filter out light having a filtering peak wavelength of the tunable filter, and the band-pass mirror is used to reflect the filtered light,
  • the wavelength tuning range of the tunable filter is within the bandwidth range of the reflection wavelength of the band-pass mirror, and within the bandwidth range of the band-pass mirror, the tunable filter has one and only one filtering peak, the passive
  • the input port of the filter unit array is the input port of the optical switch of the first passive filter unit of the passive filter unit array, and the first output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the Nth passive filter unit.
  • the input port of the adjustable filter of the source filtering unit, and the output port of the adjustable filter of the Nth passive filtering unit is connected to the input port of the band-pass mirror of the Nth passive filtering unit, and the Nth Passive filtering A second output port of the optical switch element in the optical switch of the N + 1 input port passive filter units, N ⁇ 1.
  • the band-pass mirror reflects light in a certain wavelength range. When the wavelength of light is not within the wavelength range corresponding to the band-pass mirror, the band-pass mirror does not reflect light.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser 200 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser 200 includes a reflective gain unit 210, an optical phase shifter 220, a coupler 230, and a passive filter unit array 240.
  • the passive filter unit array 240 includes a plurality of passive filter units, and each passive filter unit includes a tunable filter, an optical switch, and a band-pass mirror.
  • the input port of the passive filter unit array is the input port of the optical switch of the first passive filter unit of the passive filter unit array, and the first output port of the optical switch of the first passive filter unit is connected to the first The input port of the adjustable filter of the passive filter unit, the output port of the adjustable filter of the first passive filter unit is connected to the input port of the band-pass mirror of the first passive filter unit, and the first passive The second output port of the optical switch of the filtering unit is connected to the input port of the optical switch of the second passive filtering unit.
  • the second output port of the optical switch of the N-1th passive filter unit is connected to the input port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit, and the first output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit
  • the input port of the tunable filter of the Nth passive filter unit is connected, and the output port of the tunable filter of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the input of the band-pass mirror of the Nth passive filter unit.
  • Port, the second output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the input port of the optical switch of the N + 1th passive filter unit, N> 1.
  • the multiple passive filtering units are connected together in a cascade manner to form the passive filtering unit array 240.
  • Changing the state of the optical switch of the current filtering unit can make the light enter the current filtering unit or make the light directly input to the next filtering unit. For example, when the state of the optical switch in the first passive filtering unit is on, light enters from the input port of the optical switch in the first passive filtering unit, and from the first passive filtering unit All the first output ports of the optical switch enter the tunable filter of the first passive filter unit, and no light is output from the second output port of the optical switch in the first passive filter unit, thereby forming A wavelength tunable laser determined by the center wavelength of the tunable filter in the first passive filtering unit.
  • the state of the optical switch in the first passive filter unit When the state of the optical switch in the first passive filter unit is changed to off, light is directly input from the second output port of the optical switch in the first passive filter unit to the second passive filter unit ,
  • the first output port of the optical switch in the first passive filtering unit has no light output, so that the tunable filter in the first passive filtering unit is "transparent", and the output wavelength of the laser is the same as that of the first
  • the tunable filters in the two passive filtering units are independent. Therefore, by controlling the states of the optical switches of the plurality of passive filter units, light with a tunable wavelength is output.
  • the tunable filter is a micro-ring resonator and / or the optical switch is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer MZI.
  • the tunable filter in the passive filtering unit is implemented using a micro-ring resonator, or the optical switch in the passive filtering unit is implemented using MZI, or the tunable filter in the passive filtering unit is implemented using a micro-ring resonator. It is implemented, and the optical switch in the passive filter unit is implemented using MZI.
  • the MZI when the optical switch is an MZI, the MZI includes two couplers, and an input port of the passive filter unit array is the first one of the passive filter unit array.
  • the first input port of the first coupler of the passive filter unit; the first output port of the first coupler of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the second coupler of the Nth passive filter unit A first input port, a second output port of the first coupler connected to a second input port of the second coupler, and a first output port of the second coupler connected to the adjustable filtering of the Nth passive filtering unit
  • Input port of the second coupler the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the input port of the first coupler of the N + 1th passive filter unit, and the first coupler and the second coupler constitute the MZI, N ⁇ 1, the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and / or the second waveguide connected to the first couple
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser 300 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser 300 includes a reflective gain unit 310, an optical phase shifter 320, and a coupling. Filter 330 and passive filter unit array 340.
  • the passive filter unit array 340 includes a plurality of passive filter units. Each passive filter unit includes a tunable filter, an MZI, and a band-pass mirror.
  • the MZI includes two couplers.
  • the input port of the passive filter unit array is the first input port of the first coupler of the MZI of the first passive filter unit of the passive filter unit array, and the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the first The first input port of the second coupler of a passive filtering unit, the second output port of the first coupler is connected to the second input port of the second coupler, and the first output port of the second coupler is connected
  • the first coupler of the filtering unit and the second coupler of the first passive filtering unit constitute the MZI, and an optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the
  • the second output port of the second coupler of the MZI of the N-1th passive filter unit is connected to the input port of the first coupler of the MZI of the Nth passive filter unit, and the first output port of the first coupler is connected
  • the first input port of the second coupler of the first passive filter unit, the second output port of the first coupler is connected to the second input port of the second coupler, and the first output of the second coupler
  • the port is connected to the input port of the adjustable filter of the first passive filter unit, and the optical waveguide connected to the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter.
  • the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the input port of the first coupler of the N + 1th passive filter unit, and the output port of the adjustable filter of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the Nth The input port of the band-pass mirror of two passive filter units, N ⁇ 1.
  • the multiple passive filtering units are connected together in a cascade manner to form the passive filtering unit array 340.
  • the first coupler in the MZI may be a 1x2 coupler or a 2x2 coupler.
  • the specific structure of the coupler in the MZI is not limited in this application.
  • phase shifter is covered on any one or both of the optical waveguides in the MZI.
  • the micro-ring resonator when the tunable filter is a micro-ring resonator, the micro-ring resonator includes two couplers; the input port of the passive filtering unit array is the The input port of the optical switch of the first passive filter unit of the source filter unit array, and the first output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the first coupler of the first coupler of the Nth passive filter unit.
  • the second input port of the first coupler and the second coupler constitute the micro-ring resonator, N ⁇ 1, connecting the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler
  • the optical waveguide is covered with a heating electrode, and / or the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the second coupler with the second input port of the first coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and the heating electrode is used to change the micro Filtered center wave of ring resonator Long;
  • the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the input port of the band-pass mirror of the Nth passive filter unit, and the second output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the N + An input port of the optical switch of the passive filter unit.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser 400 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser 400 includes a reflective gain unit 410, an optical phase shifter 420, and a coupling. And a passive filter unit array 440.
  • the passive filter unit array 440 includes a plurality of passive filter units. Each passive filter unit includes a micro-ring, an optical switch, and a band-pass mirror.
  • the micro-ring resonator includes two 2 ⁇ 2 couplers.
  • the input port of the passive filter unit array is the input port of the optical switch of the first passive filter unit of the passive filter unit array, and the first output port of the optical switch of the first passive filter unit is connected to the first
  • the first input port of the first coupler of the passive filter unit, the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the first input port of the second coupler of the first passive filter unit, and the second coupler
  • a first output port of the first coupler is connected to a second input port of the first coupler, the first coupler and the second coupler constitute the micro-ring resonator, and the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the second coupler
  • the optical waveguide of the first input port of the coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and the optical waveguide connecting the first
  • the second output port of the optical switch of the N-1th passive filtering unit is connected to the input port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filtering unit, and the first output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filtering unit is connected to the Nth passive
  • the first input port of the first coupler of the filter unit, the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the first input port of the second coupler of the Nth passive filter unit, and the first input port of the second coupler
  • the output port is connected to the second input port of the first coupler, the first coupler and the second coupler constitute the micro-ring resonator, and the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the second coupler.
  • the optical waveguide of the first input port is covered with a heating electrode
  • the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the second coupler with the second input port of the first coupler is covered with a heating electrode
  • the second coupler The second output port of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the input port of the band-pass mirror of the Nth passive filter unit, and the second output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the optical switch of the N + 1th passive filter unit Input port, N ⁇ 1.
  • the multiple passive filtering units are connected together in a cascade manner to form the passive filtering unit array 440.
  • micro-ring resonator including two 2 ⁇ 2 couplers is only an implementable manner, and the micro-ring resonator may further include other numbers and other types of couplers, which is not limited in this application.
  • the two optical waveguides constituting the micro-ring resonator are covered with heating electrodes, but any optical waveguide in the micro-ring resonator may be covered with There are heating electrodes.
  • the tunable filter is a micro-ring resonator and the optical switch is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer MZI
  • the micro-ring resonator includes a first A coupler, a second coupler, and a third coupler
  • the MZI includes the first coupler and the second coupler
  • the input port of the passive filter unit array is a first input port of a first coupler of a first passive filter unit of the passive filter unit array
  • the first output port of the first coupler of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the first input port of the second coupler of the Nth passive filter unit, and the first output port of the second coupler is connected to the The first input port of the third coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit, the first output port of the third coupler is connected to the second input port of the first coupler, wherein the first coupler of the second coupler is connected
  • the optical waveguide of an output port and the first input port of the third coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and / or light connected between the first output port of the third coupler and the second input port of the first coupler
  • the waveguide is covered with a heating electrode, which is used to change the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator by changing the cavity length of the micro-ring resonator;
  • the second output port of the first coupler is connected to the second input port of the second coupler, and the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the first of the first coupler of the N + 1th passive filter unit.
  • An input port, wherein the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and / or the optical waveguide connected to the first coupler
  • the optical waveguide of the second output port and the second input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and the phase shifter changes the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI to achieve the The switching between the first output port and the second output port of the second coupler, N ⁇ 1;
  • the second output port of the third coupler is connected to the input port of the band-pass mirror of the Nth passive filter unit.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser 500 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser 500 includes a reflective gain unit 510, an optical phase shifter 520, a coupler 530, and a passive filter unit array 540.
  • the reflective gain unit 510 the optical phase shifter 520, and the coupler 530, refer to the reflective gain unit 110, the optical phase shifter 120, and the coupler 130 in FIG. 1 for understanding. I won't repeat them here.
  • the passive filter unit array 540 includes a plurality of passive filter units, and each of the passive filter units includes a micro-ring resonator, an MZI, and a band-pass mirror.
  • the micro-ring resonator is used to select light with a fixed wavelength.
  • the MZI is equivalent to an optical switch, and determines whether there is light entering the current passive filter unit.
  • Each passive filtering unit includes three 2x2 couplers, and the three 2x2 couplers form a micro-ring resonator and an MZI by being connected.
  • An input port of the passive filter unit array is a first input port of a first coupler of a first passive filter unit of the passive filter unit array.
  • connection structure between the three 2x2 couplers in the first passive filtering unit is described in detail below.
  • the first output port of the first coupler of the first passive filter unit is connected to the first input port of the second coupler of the first passive filter unit, and the first output port of the second coupler is connected to the first The first input port of the third coupler of the first passive filtering unit, and the first output port of the third coupler is connected to the second input port of the first coupler.
  • the first coupler, the first coupler, The two couplers and the third coupler constitute a micro-ring resonator, and the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the second coupler and the first input port of the third coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and is connected to The optical waveguides of the first output port of the third coupler and the second input port of the first coupler are covered with heating electrodes.
  • the second output port of the first coupler is connected to the second input port of the second coupler, and the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the first input of the second coupler of the first passive filtering unit.
  • the first coupler and the second coupler constitute an MZI, and the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the first coupler and the second input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shift. Device.
  • the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the first input port of the first coupler of the second passive filter unit, and the second output port of the third coupler is connected to the first passive filter unit.
  • Band-pass mirror is connected to the first input port of the first coupler of the second passive filter unit, and the second output port of the third coupler is connected to the first passive filter unit.
  • the first output port of the first coupler of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the first input port of the second coupler of the Nth passive filter unit, and the first output port of the second coupler is connected to the
  • the first input port of the third coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit, the first output port of the third coupler is connected to the second input port of the first coupler, and the first input port of the second coupler is connected
  • the optical waveguide of the output port and the first input port of the third coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the third coupler and the second input port of the first coupler is covered. There are heating electrodes.
  • the second output port of the first coupler is connected to the second input port of the second coupler, and the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the first of the first coupler of the N + 1th passive filter unit.
  • An input port, and the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, N ⁇ 1.
  • the plurality of passive filter units are connected together in a cascade manner to form the passive filter unit array 640.
  • Changing the state of the MZI of the current filtering unit can make the light enter the current filtering unit or make the light directly input to the next filtering unit.
  • the state of the MZI in the first passive filtering unit is on, light is input from the first output port of the second coupler in the first passive filtering unit to the first passive filtering unit
  • the micro-ring resonator in the first passive filter unit forms a wavelength tunable laser determined by the center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator in the first passive filtering unit.
  • the state of the MZI in the first passive filter unit When the state of the MZI in the first passive filter unit is changed to off, light is directly input from the second output port of the second coupler in the first passive filter unit to the second passive filter Unit, the first output port of the MZI in the first passive filtering unit has no optical output, so the micro-ring resonator in the first passive filtering unit is "transparent", and the output wavelength of the laser is the same as the first The micro-ring resonator in the passive filter unit is independent. Therefore, by controlling the states of the MZIs of the plurality of passive filter units, light with a tunable wavelength is output.
  • each passive filter unit including three 2x2 couplers is only an implementable manner, and each passive filter unit may further include other number of couplers to form a micro-ring resonator and MZI. This application does not limit this.
  • the two optical waveguides constituting the micro-ring resonator are covered with heating electrodes, but any optical waveguide in the micro-ring resonator may be covered with There are heating electrodes.
  • the free spectral region of the micro-ring resonator is equal to the free spectral region of the MZI.
  • the MZI as an optical switch can be completely turned on or completely turned off.
  • changing the state of the MZI of the current filtering unit can make light enter the current filtering unit or directly input the light to the next filtering unit.
  • the free spectral region of the micro-ring resonator of each passive filter unit is equal to the free spectral region of the MZI.
  • the MZI can be fully opened or closed as an optical switch.
  • the MZI's off state or on state is introduced through the MZI in the first passive filtering unit.
  • the phases of the two arms of the MZI differ by one pi phase (the two arms are the two optical paths connected between the first coupler and the second coupler, that is, one optical path is the first output port of the first coupler and the first coupler The optical path between the first input ports of the two couplers, and the other optical path is the optical path between the second output port of the first coupler and the second input port of the second coupler).
  • the MZI is completely closed ( That is, the first output port of the second coupler of MZI has no light output), and the light is directly output from the second output port of the second coupler of MZI to the second passive filtering unit;
  • the phase shifter between the first output port and the first input port of the second coupler changes the length of the interference arm of the MZI, resulting in a phase difference between the two interference arms is not a pi phase
  • the MZI changes from a fully closed state to In the on state, light is input through the first output port of the second coupler and is coupled into the first microring resonator.
  • the filtering effect formed by the first microring resonator determines the laser's lasing wavelength.
  • the MZI when the phases of the two arms of the MZI differ by one pi phase, the MZI is completely closed, and when the phases of the two arms of the MZI are not a pi phase, the MZI changes from a fully closed state to an on state, at which time the light changes from the second
  • the first output port of the coupler is input and coupled into the first micro-ring resonator, and a part of the light is also output from the second output port of the second coupler of the MZI to the second passive filtering unit.
  • the filter effect formed by the resonator determines the laser's lasing wavelength. Therefore, the MZI of other passive filter units in the passive filter unit array must be controlled to be completely turned off, that is, the two arms of the MZI of the other passive filter unit are out of phase by pi. Phase.
  • the MZI When the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI is not a pi phase, the MZI is changed from a fully closed state to an open state, but the open state at this time is not fully turned on, that is, light is input and coupled into the first output port of the second coupler. For the first micro-ring resonator, a part of the light is output from the second output port of the second coupler of the MZI to the second passive filtering unit.
  • the MZI In order to make the light completely input through the first output port of the second coupler and For coupling into the first microring resonator, the MZI needs to be fully turned on, that is, when the coupling ratio of light input from the first coupler and coupling into the first microring resonator is equal to the coupling ratio of the third coupler, From MZI from closed to fully open.
  • the passive filter unit array includes a band multiplexer, and an input port of the passive filter unit array is an input port of the band multiplexer, and the band complex Each output port of the multiple output ports of the consumer is connected to the passive filtering unit,
  • Each of the plurality of passive filtering units includes a tunable filter, an optical switch, and a mirror,
  • the optical switch is used to control whether light enters the reflecting mirror, the tunable filter is used to filter out light having a filtering peak wavelength of the tunable filter, and the reflecting mirror is used to reflect the filtered light,
  • the wavelength tuning range of the tunable filter is within the filtering bandwidth of the output port of the band multiplexer connected to the passive filtering unit where the tunable filter is located, and within the filtering bandwidth of the output port, the The tuning filter has only one filtering peak,
  • the N-th output port of the multiple output ports of the band multiplexer is connected to the input port of the tunable filter of the N-th passive filter unit, N ⁇ 1, and the N-th
  • the output port of the tuning filter is connected to the input port of the Nth optical filter unit of the passive filter unit, and the output port of the Nth optical switch of the passive filter unit is connected to the reflection of the Nth passive filter unit.
  • Mirror input port is connected to the input port of the Nth optical filter unit of the passive filter unit, and the output port of the Nth optical switch of the passive filter unit is connected to the reflection of the Nth passive filter unit.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the demultiplexing of the band multiplexer.
  • the band multiplexer includes a multiplexing port and a demultiplexing port.
  • the multiplexing port of the band multiplexer is the input port of the band multiplexer.
  • the demultiplexing port of the band multiplexer is the band complex. Multiple output ports of the device.
  • the waveband multiplexer shown in FIG. 6 includes N demultiplexing ports, each of which corresponds to a different wavelength range.
  • the N demultiplexing ports input light waves from the multiplexing port. Divide into N parts by wavelength.
  • the tunable filter Within the filtering bandwidth of the band multiplexer, the tunable filter has only one filtering peak.
  • the band multiplexer includes 3 demultiplexing ports, and the light input from the multiplexing port is 1550nm-1580nm.
  • the three demultiplexing ports divide the input light into 3 parts according to the wavelength range.
  • the wavelength range corresponding to the port is 1550nm-1560nm
  • the wavelength range corresponding to the second demultiplexing port is 1560nm-1570nm
  • the wavelength range corresponding to the third demultiplexing port is 1570nm-1580nm.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser 600 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser 600 includes a reflective gain unit 610, an optical phase shifter 720, a coupler 630, and a passive filter unit array 640.
  • the reflective gain unit 610 the optical phase shifter 620, and the coupler 630
  • the passive filter unit array 640 includes a band multiplexer and a plurality of passive filter units, and each passive filter unit includes a tunable filter, an optical switch, and a mirror.
  • Each output port of the band multiplexer is connected to one of the passive filtering units.
  • a first output port of the band multiplexer is connected to an input of a first adjustable filter in the first passive filtering unit.
  • the Nth output port of the band multiplexer is connected to the input port of the Nth adjustable filter in the first passive filtering unit, N ⁇ 1, the adjustable in each passive filtering unit
  • the filter is sequentially connected to the optical switch and the mirror.
  • the tunable filter is a micro-ring resonator and / or the optical switch is MZI.
  • the tunable filter is a micro-ring resonator.
  • the micro-ring resonator includes two couplers, the first input port of the first coupler of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the Nth output port of the band multiplexer, and the first output of the first coupler
  • the port is connected to the first input port of the second coupler of the Nth passive filter unit, and the first output port of the second coupler is connected to the second input port of the first coupler, wherein the first coupling is connected to the first coupling port.
  • the optical waveguide of the first output port of the coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and / or the first output port of the second coupler and the second input of the first coupler are connected.
  • the optical waveguide of the port is covered with a heating electrode, which is used to change the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator; the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the input of the optical switch of the Nth passive filtering unit Port, the output port of the optical switch of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the mirror of the Nth passive filter unit, N ⁇ 1.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser 700 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser 700 includes a reflective gain unit 710, an optical phase shifter 720, a coupler 730, and a passive filter unit array 740.
  • the reflective gain unit 710 the optical phase shifter 720, and the coupler 730
  • the passive filter unit array 740 includes a band multiplexer.
  • the input port of the passive filter unit array 740 is an input port of the band multiplexer.
  • the passive filter unit array 740 includes a plurality of passive filter units.
  • One of the multiple output ports of the band multiplexer is connected to a passive filtering unit. As shown in FIG. 8, the first output port of the band multiplexer is connected to the first passive filter unit.
  • the Nth output port of the band multiplexer is connected to the Nth passive filter unit, N ⁇ 1.
  • the passive filter unit array 840 includes a plurality of passive filter units, and each of the passive filter units includes a micro-ring resonator, an optical switch, and a mirror.
  • the micro-ring resonator is used to select light of a fixed wavelength, and the optical switch determines whether there is light entering the current passive filter unit.
  • the micro-ring resonator includes two 2x2 couplers. The connection structure of the first passive filter unit is described in detail below.
  • the first input port of the first coupler of the first passive filter unit is connected to the first output port of the band multiplexer, and the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the first passive filter unit.
  • the optical waveguide connected to the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and the first output port connected to the second coupler is coupled to the first coupling.
  • the optical waveguide of the second input port of the receiver is covered with a heating electrode.
  • the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the input port of the optical switch of the first passive filter unit, and the output port of the optical switch of the first passive filter unit is connected to the first passive filter unit. Reflector.
  • connection structure of the Nth passive filter unit is the same as the connection structure of the first passive filter unit, and can be understood by referring to the connection structure of the first passive filter unit.
  • each passive filter unit including two 2x2 couplers is only an implementable manner, and each passive filter unit may further include other number of couplers for forming a micro-ring resonator. The application does not limit this.
  • the two optical waveguides constituting the micro-ring resonator are covered with heating electrodes, but any optical waveguide in the micro-ring resonator may be covered. There are heating electrodes.
  • the optical switch is a MZI
  • the MZI includes two couplers
  • an input port of the adjustable filter of the Nth passive filtering unit is connected to a band multiplexer.
  • N-th output port, the output port of the tunable filter is connected to the input port of the first coupler of the N-th passive filter unit, and the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the N-th passive filter
  • a first input port of a second coupler of the unit, a second output port of the first coupler being connected to a second input port of the second coupler, wherein the first output port of the first coupler is connected to all
  • the optical waveguide of the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and / or the optical waveguide connecting the second output port of the first coupler and the second input port of the second coupler.
  • phase shifter is covered thereon, and the phase shifter switches the optical signal between the first output port and the second output port of the second coupler by changing the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI. ;
  • the output port of the second coupler is connected to the Nth Source mirror filtering unit, N ⁇ 1.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser 800 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser 800 includes a reflective gain unit 810, an optical phase shifter 820, a coupler 830, and a passive filter unit array 840.
  • the reflective gain unit 810, the optical phase shifter 820, and the coupler 830 reference may be made to the reflective gain unit 110, the optical phase shifter 120, and the coupler 130 in FIG. 1 for understanding. In order to avoid repetition, I won't repeat them here.
  • connection manner of the band multiplexer included in the passive filter unit array 940 and a plurality of tunable filters included in the passive filter unit array 940 reference may be made to the corresponding connection manner in the laser 600, and details are not described herein.
  • the passive filter unit array 840 includes a plurality of passive filter units, and each passive filter unit includes a tunable filter, an MZI, and a mirror.
  • the tunable filter is used to select light of a fixed wavelength, and the MZI determines whether there is light entering the current passive filter unit.
  • the MZI includes two 1x2 couplers. The connection structure of the first passive filtering unit is described in detail below.
  • the input port of the adjustable filter of the first passive filter unit is connected to the first output port of the band multiplexer, and the output port of the adjustable filter is connected to the first coupling of the first passive filter unit.
  • Input port of the first coupler, the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the first input port of the second coupler of the first passive filtering unit, and the second output port of the first coupler is connected to the second coupling
  • the second input port of the coupler, the first coupler and the second coupler constitute the MZI, wherein the light connected between the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler
  • the waveguide is covered with a phase shifter, and the output port of the second coupler is connected to the reflector of the first passive filtering unit.
  • connection structure of the Nth passive filter unit is the same as the connection structure of the first passive filter unit, and can be understood by referring to the connection structure of the first passive filter unit.
  • the first coupler in the MZI may also be a 2 ⁇ 2 coupler.
  • the specific structure of the coupler in the MZI is not limited in this application.
  • phase shifter is covered on any one or both of the optical waveguides in the MZI.
  • the optical switch is MZI
  • the tunable filter is a micro-ring resonator
  • the micro-ring resonator includes a first coupler and a second coupler
  • the MZI includes A third coupler and a fourth coupler
  • the first input port of the first coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit is connected to the Nth output port of the band multiplexer
  • the first output port of the first coupler A first input port of the second coupler connected to the Nth passive filter unit, a first output port of the second coupler connected to a second input port of the first coupler, wherein the first coupler is connected
  • the optical waveguide of the first output port and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and / or the first output port of the second coupler and the second input port of the first coupler are connected.
  • the optical waveguide is covered with a heating electrode, which is used to change the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator; the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the third coupler of the Nth passive filter unit First input port, the third coupling The first output port of the second coupler is connected to the first input port of the fourth coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit, and the second output port of the third coupler is connected to the second input port of the fourth coupler, where: The optical waveguide of the first output port of the third coupler and the first input port of the fourth coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and / or the second output port of the third coupler is connected to the optical waveguide.
  • the optical waveguide of the second input port of the fourth coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and the phase shifter realizes the optical signal at the fourth coupler by changing the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI. Switching between the first output port and the second output port; the first output port of the fourth coupler is connected to the reflector of the Nth passive filter unit, N ⁇ 1.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a wavelength tunable laser 900 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser 900 includes a reflective gain unit 910, an optical phase shifter 920, a coupler 930, and a passive filter unit array 940.
  • the reflective gain unit 910 the optical phase shifter 920, and the coupler 930
  • connection manner between the band multiplexer of the passive filter unit array 940 and the plurality of tunable filters included in the passive filter unit array 740 reference may be made to the corresponding connection manner in the laser 700, and details are not described herein again.
  • the passive filter unit array 940 includes a plurality of passive filter units, and each of the passive filter units includes a micro-ring resonator, an MZI, and a mirror.
  • the micro-ring resonator is used to select light of a fixed wavelength, and the MZI determines whether there is light entering the current passive filter unit.
  • the connection structure of the first passive filtering unit is described in detail below.
  • the first input port of the first coupler of the first passive filter unit is connected to the first output port of the band multiplexer, and the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the first passive filter unit.
  • the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and / or the first output port of the second coupler is connected to the first coupling
  • the optical waveguide of the second input port of the resonator is covered with a heating electrode, and the heating electrode is used to change the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator.
  • the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the input port of the optical switch of the first passive filter unit, and the second output port of the second coupler is connected to the third coupler of the first passive filter unit.
  • Input port, the first output port of the third coupler is connected to the first input port of the fourth coupler of the first passive filtering unit, and the second output port of the third coupler is connected to the fourth coupler A second input port, wherein the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the third coupler and the first input port of the fourth coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and the output port of the fourth coupler Connect the mirror of the first passive filter unit.
  • connection structure of the Nth passive filter unit is the same as the connection structure of the first passive filter unit, and can be understood by referring to the connection structure of the first passive filter unit.
  • micro-ring resonator includes two 2x2 couplers is only an implementable way, and each passive filtering unit may further include other number of couplers for forming a micro-ring resonator. This is not limited.
  • any one or both of the optical waveguides in the MZI is covered with a phase shifter, and any of the optical waveguides of the micro-ring resonator is covered with a heating electrode.
  • the optical switch is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer MZI
  • the two arms of the MZI are out of phase by a ⁇ phase, the MZI is turned off.
  • the MZI when the phases of the two arms of the MZI differ by one ⁇ phase, the MZI is completely closed. When the phases of the two arms of the MZI are not a ⁇ phase, the MZI is turned on. When the phases of the two arms of the MZI are the same, The MZI is fully turned on.
  • the passive filter unit array includes a band multiplexer, and an input port of the passive filter unit array is an input port of the band multiplexer, and the band complex
  • Each of the plurality of output ports of the multi-function connector is connected to one of the passive filtering units.
  • Each of the plurality of passive filtering units includes an optical switch, a tuning filter, and a mirror.
  • a switch is used to control whether light enters the mirror, the tunable filter is used to filter out light having a filtering peak wavelength of the tunable filter, the mirror is used to reflect the filtered light, and the wavelength of the tunable filter
  • the tuning range is within the filtering bandwidth of the output port of the band multiplexer connected to the passive filtering unit where the tunable filter is located, and within the filtering bandwidth of the output port, the tunable filter has one and only one Filtering peak
  • the Nth output port of the multiple output ports of the band multiplexer is connected to the input port of the Nth optical switch of the passive filtering unit, N ⁇ 1, the Nth of the passive filtering unit
  • Optical switch output Port is connected to the input port of the tunable filter of the Nth passive filter unit
  • output port of the tunable filter of the Nth passive filter unit is connected to the reflector of the Nth passive filter unit Input port.
  • the tunable filter is a micro-ring resonator and / or the optical switch is MZI.
  • the micro-ring resonator when the tunable filter is a micro-ring resonator, the micro-ring resonator includes two couplers, and the N-th passive filter unit
  • the input port of the optical switch is connected to the N-th output port of the band multiplexer, and the output port of the optical switch is connected to the first input port of the first coupler of the N-th passive filter unit.
  • a first output port of the first coupler is connected to a first input port of the second coupler, and a first output port of the second coupler is connected to a second input port of the first coupler, where the The optical waveguide of the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and / or the first output port of the second coupler and the first coupler of the first coupler are connected.
  • the optical waveguide of the second input port is covered with a heating electrode for changing the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator; a second output port of the second coupler is connected to the Nth passive filtering unit Mirror, N ⁇ 1.
  • the MZI when the optical switch is an MZI, the MZI includes two couplers, and an input port of a first coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit is connected The Nth output port of the band multiplexer, the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the first input port of the second coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit, and the first coupling The second output port of the coupler is connected to the second input port of the second coupler, wherein the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered A phase shifter, and / or an optical waveguide connecting the second output port of the first coupler and the second input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and the phase shifter is The phase difference between the two arms of the MZI implements the switching of the optical signal between the first output port and the second output port of the second coupler; the output port of the second coupler is connected to the Nth Input port of a tunable filter
  • the MZI when the tunable filter is a micro-ring resonator and the optical switch is MZI, the MZI includes a first coupler and a second coupler, The micro-ring resonator includes a third coupler and a fourth coupler.
  • the input port of the first coupler of the N-th passive filter unit is connected to the N-th output port of the band multiplexer.
  • the first output port of the first coupler is connected to the first input port of the second coupler of the Nth passive filtering unit, and the second output port of the first coupler is connected to the second coupler.
  • a second input port wherein the optical waveguide connected to the first output port of the first coupler and the first input port of the second coupler is covered with a phase shifter, and / or connected to the first coupling
  • the optical waveguides of the second output port and the second input port of the second coupler are covered with a phase shifter, and the phase shifter realizes an optical signal by changing the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI.
  • the output port of the second coupler is connected to the first input port of the third coupler of the Nth passive filter unit, and the first output port of the third coupler is connected to the Nth passive filter unit
  • the first input port of the fourth coupler, the first output port of the fourth coupler is connected to the second input port of the third coupler, wherein the first output port connected to the third coupler is coupled to the fourth coupler
  • the optical waveguide of the first input port of the coupler is covered with a heating electrode, and / or the optical waveguide connecting the first output port of the fourth coupler and the second input port of the third coupler is covered with a heating electrode.
  • the heating electrode is used to change the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring resonator; the second output port of the fourth coupler is connected to the reflector of the Nth passive filtering unit, N ⁇ 1.
  • the laser further includes a controller, the controller is configured to control an optical switch of each of the plurality of passive filtering units to be turned on or Turn off, so that at the same time, only one passive filtering unit among the multiple passive filtering units performs filtering.
  • the heating electrode may also be replaced with a phase shifter.
  • the optical waveguide covered with the heating electrode in the figure may also be a phase shifter connected to the optical waveguide.
  • the names of the ports of a coupler are merely exemplary.
  • the ports of a 2x2 coupler are a first input port, a second input port, a first output port, and a second port.
  • the description of the output port is only exemplary, and it can also be called the first port, the second port, the third port, the fourth port, and so on.
  • the name of the port of the coupler does not cause any limitation to the solution.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objective of the solution of this embodiment.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种波长可调谐的激光器装置，可以降低激光器波长调谐的复杂度。该激光器包括反射式增益单元、光移相器、耦合器和无源滤波单元阵列，该反射式增益单元的输出端口连接该光移相器的输入端口；该光移相器的输出端口连接该耦合器的输入端口，该耦合器的第一输出端口连接该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口，该耦合器的第二输出端口为该激光器的输出端口；该无源滤波单元阵列包括多个无源滤波单元，该多个无源滤波单元中的任意两个无源滤波单元的波长调谐范围不同，并且每个滤波单元的波长都是线性可调的。在同一时刻，该多个无源滤波单元中只有一个无源滤波单元进行滤波。

Description

波长可调谐的激光器
本申请要求于2018年6月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810633315.8、申请名称为“波长可调谐的激光器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光通信技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种波长可调谐的激光器。
背景技术
在密集波分复用(dense wavelength division multiplexing，DWDM)网络中，一般使用多个分布式布拉格光栅(distributed feedback bragg grating，DFB)激光器来发射多个不同波长通道。但是，每一类型DFB激光器发射的波长是固定的，因此WDM网络需要包括不同发射波长的DFB激光器的光收发模块，这样一方面DFB激光器在制作过程中需要额外制作精细布拉格光栅结构对发射波长进行限定，导致了DFB激光器的价格难以降低；另一方面对于不同发射波长的DFB激光器的需求，导致光收发模块类型的增加，进而提高了在备货、安装、运转与维护过程中成本。
现有技术中采用波长可调谐的激光器来替代固定波长的DFB激光器，但是该波长可调谐激光器的是基于两组梳状滤波的游标效应来实现波长调谐，波长调谐响应为一个复杂的多维响应图，因此导致波长的测试与标定非常复杂。
因此，如何降低激光器波长调谐的复杂度，是一项亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种波长可谐调的激光器，可以降低激光器波长调谐的复杂度。
第一方面，提供了一种波长可谐调的激光器，包括反射式增益单元、光移相器、耦合器和无源滤波单元阵列，
所述反射式增益单元的输出端口连接所述光移相器的输入端口，所述反射式增益单元用于对所述激光器的谐振腔中的光进行反射，并提供所述激光器的增益；
所述光移相器的输出端口连接所述耦合器的输入端口，所述光移相器用于调整所述激光器的谐振腔的腔长，以使得激光器的腔模与所述无源滤波单元的中心波长匹配；
所述耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口，用于将需要进行滤波的光输入所述无源滤波单元阵列；所述耦合器的第二输出端口为所述激光器的输出端口；
所述无源滤波单元阵列包括多个无源滤波单元，所述多个无源滤波单元中的任意两个无源滤波单元的波长调谐范围不同，其中，在同一时刻，所述多个无源滤波单元中只有一个无源滤波单元进行滤波。
因此，在本申请实施例中，通过无源滤波器单元阵列使得激光器可以发出波长可调谐的激光，并且该每个滤波单元的波长都是线性可调的，又因为在同一时刻，该多个无源滤波单元中只有一个无源滤波单元进行滤波，所以该激光器的控制比较简单。避免了采用两组梳状滤波的游标效应来实现波长调谐，可以降低波长可调谐激光器波长调谐的复杂度，进而降低成本。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述多个无源滤波单元中的每个无源滤波单元包括带通反射镜、可调滤波器和光开关，所述光开关用于控制光是否进入所述光开关所在的无源滤波单元的可调滤波器，所述可调滤波器用于滤出波长为所述可调滤波器的滤波峰值的光，所述带通反射镜用于反射滤出的光，
所述可调滤波器的波长调谐范围处于所述带通反射镜的反射波长的带宽范围内，且在所述带通反射镜的带宽范围内，所述可调滤波器有且只有一个滤波峰值，
所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为所述无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，
所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，
所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，N≥1。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器和/或所述光开关包括马赫增德尔干涉仪MZI。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器，且所述光开关包括马赫增德尔干涉仪MZI时，其中，所述微环谐振器包括第一耦合器、第二耦合器和第三耦合器，所述MZI包括所述第一耦合器和所述第二耦合器；
所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为所述无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，
所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第三耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第三耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，所述加热电极用于改变所述微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；
所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换；
所述第三耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入 端口，N≥1。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述微环谐振器的自由光谱区与所述MZI的自由光谱区相等。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述光开关包括MZI时，所述MZI包括两个耦合器，
所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为所述无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口；
所述第N个无源滤波器单元的第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波器单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口，N≥1，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换；
所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器时，所述微环谐振器包括两个耦合器；
所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为所述无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，
所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第一输出端口连接第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口，N≥1，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，所述加热电极用于改变所述微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；
所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述MZI的两臂相位相差一个π相位时，光从所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口进入所述第N+1个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口；所述MZI的两臂相位相同时，光从所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口进入所述第三耦合器的第一输入端口。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述无源滤波单元阵列包括波带复用器，所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为波带复用器的输入端口，所述波带复用器的多个输出端口中的一个输出端口连接一个所述无源滤波单元，
所述多个无源滤波单元中的每个无源滤波单元包括可调滤波器、光开关和反射镜，
所述光开关用于控制光是否进入所述反射镜，所述可调滤波器用于滤出波长为所述可调滤波器的滤波峰值的光，所述反射镜用于反射滤出的光，
所述可调滤波器的波长调谐范围处于所述可调滤波器所在的所述无源滤波单元连接的波带复用器输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，且在所述输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，所述可调滤波器有且只有一个滤波峰值，
所述波带复用器的多个输出端口中的第N个输出端口连接第N个所述无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，N≥1，
第N个所述无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，
所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的光开关的输出端口连接所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的反射镜的输入端口。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器和/或所述光开关包括MZI。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器时，所述微环谐振器包括两个耦合器，
所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N个输出端口，所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，所述加热电极用于改变所述微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；
所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的反射镜，N≥1。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述光开关包括MZI时，所述每个MZI包括两个耦合器，
所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N输出端口，
所述可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口，
所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换；所述第二耦合器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的的反射镜，N≥1。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器， 且所述光开关包括MZI时，所述微环谐振器包括第一耦合器和第二耦合器，所述MZI包括第三耦合器和第四耦合器，
所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N个输出端口，所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，所述加热电极用于改变所述微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；
所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第三耦合器的输入端口，所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第四耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第三耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第四耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第四耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器用于通过改变所覆盖的MZI干涉臂长度，从而导致MZI两个干涉臂之间形成光相位差，实现光信号在所述第四耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换；
所述第四耦合器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的的反射镜，N≥1。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述无源滤波单元阵列包括波带复用器，所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为波带复用器的输入端口，所述波带复用器的多个输出端口中的一个输出端口连接一个所述无源滤波单元，
所述多个无源滤波单元中的每个无源滤波单元包括光开关、可调滤波器和反射镜，
所述光开关用于控制光是否进入所述反射镜，所述可调滤波器用于滤出波长为所述可调滤波器的滤波峰值的光，所述反射镜用于反射滤出的光，
所述可调滤波器的波长调谐范围处于所述可调滤波器所在的所述无源滤波单元连接的波带复用器输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，且在所述输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，所述可调滤波器有且只有一个滤波峰值，
所述波带复用器的多个输出端口中的第N个输出端口连接第N个所述无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，N≥1，
第N个所述无源滤波单元的光开关的输出端口连接所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，
所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的反射镜的输入端口。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器和/或所述光开关包括MZI。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器时，所述微环谐振器包括两个耦合器，
所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N个输出端口，所述光开关的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第二耦合器的 第一输出端口连接所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，所述加热电极用于改变所述微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；
所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的反射镜，N≥1。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述光开关包括MZI时，所述MZI包括两个耦合器，
所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N输出端口，
所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换；所述第二耦合器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，所述可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的反射镜，N≥1。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器，且所述光开关包括MZI时，所述MZI包括第一耦合器和第二耦合器，所述微环谐振器包括第三耦合器和第四耦合器，
所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N个输出端口，所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换；所述第二耦合器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第三耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第四耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第四耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第三耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第四耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接所述第四耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第三耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，所述加热电极用于通过改变微环谐振器的腔长来改变所述微环谐振器的滤波中心的波长；所述第四耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的反射镜，N≥1。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述激光器还包括控制器，所述控制器用于控制所述多个无源滤波单元中的每个无源滤波单元的光开关的开启或关闭，使得在同一时刻，所述多个无源滤波单元中只有一个无源滤波单元进行滤波；所述控制器还用于控制所述可调滤波器的滤波波长。
在本申请实施例中，通过无源滤波器单元阵列使得激光器可以发出波长可调谐的激光， 并且该每个滤波单元的波长都是线性可调的，又因为在同一时刻，该多个无源滤波单元中只有一个无源滤波单元进行滤波，所以该激光器的控制比较简单。避免了采用两组梳状滤波的游标效应来实现波长调谐，可以降低波长可调谐激光器波长调谐的复杂度，进而降低成本。
附图说明
图1是本申请的一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器的示意性框图。
图2是本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器的示意性框图。
图3是本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器的示意性框图。
图4是本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器的示意性框图。
图5是本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器的示意性框图。
图6是本申请的波带复用器各分波端口分波的示意性图。
图7是本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器的示意性框图。
图8是本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器的示意性框图。
图9是本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器的示意性框图。
图10本是申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于密集波分复用(dense wavelength division multiplexing，DWDM)系统。在密集波分复用系统中，每个不同的光波长承载一路不同的光信号，不同波长的光信号在同一条光纤中传输，实现了大容量和低损耗的数据通信。本申请实施例所提供的激光器应用于DWDM系统时，该激光器可以发出可调谐的波长的光，使得DWDM网络的光收发模块不需要包括不同发射波长的DFB激光器，使用该激光器便可以得到不同波长的光。
应理解，本申请实施例所提供可以应用在DWDM系统中，当然也可以应用在其他光通信场景中，本申请实施例在此不作限制。
本申请提出了一种波长可调谐的激光器，该激光器不仅实现了激光器波长可调谐，并且不需要使用游标效应实现波长调谐，降低了波长调谐的复杂度，使得激光器调谐波长的过程得到简化，从而降低了波长可调谐激光器的成本。
下面结合图1详细说明本申请提供的一种波长可调谐的激光器100，图1是本申请一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器100的示意性框图。
该激光器100包括反射式增益单元110、光移相器120、耦合器130和无源滤波单元阵列140。
该反射式增益单元110的输出端口连接该光移相器120的输入端口，该反射式增益单元用于对该激光器的谐振腔中的光进行反射，并提供该激光器的增益；
该光移相器120的输出端口连接该耦合器130的输入端口，该光移相器用于调整该激光器的谐振腔的腔长，以使得激光器的腔模与该无源滤波单元的中心波长匹配；
该耦合器130的第一输出端口连接该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口，用于将需要进行 滤波的光输入该无源滤波单元阵列，该耦合器130的第二输出端口为该激光器的输出端口；
该无源滤波单元阵列140包括多个无源滤波单元，该多个无源滤波单元中的任意两个无源滤波单元的波长调谐范围不同，
其中，在同一时刻，该多个无源滤波单元中只有一个无源滤波单元进行滤波。
具体而言，该反射式增益单元不仅用于为该激光器100提供增益，并且还用于对激光器光学谐振腔中的光进行反射，该反射为全反射。
该光移相器120是改变激光器光学谐振腔的腔长，应理解，该光移相器120实际是用于调整光路相位，使得光程改变，从而导致激光器谐振腔的等效腔长改变，以使得激光器的激光的腔模与滤波的该无源滤波单元的中心波长匹配。该耦合器130的输入端口连接该光移相器的输出端口，该耦合器130的第一输出端口连接该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口，该耦合器130的第二输出端口为该激光器的输出端口。该无源滤波单元阵列140包括多个无源滤波单元阵列，该多个无源滤波单元中的任意两个无源滤波单元的波长调谐范围不同，并且同一时刻，该多个无源滤波单元中只有一个无源滤波单元进行滤波。
又因为该多个无源滤波单元中的任意两个无源滤波单元的波长调谐范围不同，因此，当不同无源滤波单元工作时，该激光器可以输出波长不同的激光。
例如，该无源滤波单元阵列包括3个无源滤波单元，其中，第一个无源滤波单元的波长调谐范围为1550nm-1560nm，第二个无源滤波单元的波长调谐范围为1560nm-1570nm，第三个无源滤波单元的波长调谐范围为1570nm-1580nm。那么当第一个无源滤波单元工作时，该激光器输出的激光的波长的范围为1550nm-1560nm，当第二个无源滤波单元工作时，该激光器输出的激光的波长的范围为1560nm-1570nm，当第三个无源滤波单元工作时，该激光器输出的激光的波长的范围为1570nm-1580nm。
因此，在本申请实施例中，通过无源滤波器单元阵列使得激光器可以发出波长可调谐的激光，并且该每个滤波单元的波长都是线性可调的，又因为在同一时刻，该多个无源滤波单元中只有一个无源滤波单元进行滤波，所以该激光器的控制比较简单。避免了采用两组梳状滤波的游标效应来实现波长调谐，可以降低波长可调谐激光器波长调谐的复杂度，进而降低成本。
可选地，该反射式增益单元，可以基于IIIV族的量子井或者量子点实现，工作波长可以是1310nm波长区域、1550nm波长区域，或其他区域。除此之外的其余部分，可以基于SOI,SiO2,SiNx等材料平台的波导结构实现。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，该多个无源滤波单元中的每个无源滤波单元包括带通反射镜、可调滤波器和光开关，该光开关用于控制光是否进入该光开关所在的无源滤波单元的可调滤波器，该可调滤波器用于滤出波长为该可调滤波器的滤波峰值的光，该带通反射镜用于反射滤出的光，该可调滤波器的波长调谐范围处于该带通反射镜的反射波长的带宽范围内，且在该带通反射镜的带宽范围内，该可调滤波器有且只有一个滤波峰值，该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为该无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，该第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，该第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，该第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，N≥1。
应理解，该带通反射镜是对一定波长范围内的光进行反射，当光的波长不在带通反射镜对应的波长范围内时，该带通反射镜不会对光进行反射。
具体而言，参见图2，图2是根据本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器200的示意性框图。该激光器200包括反射式增益单元210、光移相器220、耦合器230和无源滤波单元阵列240。
需要说明的是，关于该反射式增益单元210、光移相器2320和耦合器230可以参考图1中的反射式增益单元110、光移相器120和耦合器130进行理解，为了避免重复，此处不再赘述。
该无源滤波单元阵列240中包括多个无源滤波单元，每个无源滤波单元都包括了可调滤波器、光开关和带通反射镜。该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为该无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的第一输出端口连接第一个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，第一个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接第一个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接第二无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口。
该第N-1个无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，该第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，该第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，该第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，N>1。该多个无源滤波单元依次以级联的方式连接在一起构成了该无源滤波单元阵列240。
改变当前滤波单元的光开关的状态，可以使得光进入当前滤波单元或者使得光直接输入至下一个滤波单元。例如，当该第一个无源滤波单元中的光开关的状态为开时，光从该第一个无源滤波单元中的光开关的输入端口进入，从该第一个无源滤波单元中的光开关的第一输出端口全部进入到该第一个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器中，没有光从该第一个无源滤波单元中的光开关的第二输出端口输出，从而形成由该第一个无源滤波单元中的可调滤波器中心波长所决定的波长可调谐激光器。改变该第一个无源滤波单元中的光开关的状态为关时，则光直接从该第一个无源滤波单元中的光开关的第二输出端口直接输入到第二无源滤波器单元，该第一个无源滤波单元中的光开关的第一输出端口没有光输出，从而该第一个无源滤波单元中的可调滤波器被“透明”，激光器的输出波长与该第一个无源滤波单元中的可调滤波器无关。因此，通过控制该多个无源滤波单元的光开关的状态，来输出可谐调的波长的光。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述可调滤波器为微环谐振器和/或所述光开关为马赫增德尔干涉仪MZI。
具体而言，无源滤波单元中的可调滤波器使用微环谐振器实现，或者无源滤波单元中的光开关使用MZI实现，或者无源滤波单元中的可调滤波器使用微环谐振器实现，且无源滤波单元中的光开关使用MZI实现。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，该光开关为MZI时，该MZI包括两个的耦合器，该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为该无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口；该第N个无源滤波器单元的第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第 N个无源滤波器单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第二耦合器的第二输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口，该第一耦合器和该第二耦合器构成该MZI，N≥1，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换，起到光开关的作用；该第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口。可选地，移相器包括电热电极等任何可以改变相位的器件，本申请不做限定。
具体而言，参见图3，图3是根据本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器300的示意性框图，该激光器300包括反射式增益单元310、光移相器320、耦合器330和无源滤波单元阵列340。
需要说明的是，关于该反射式增益单元310、光移相器320和耦合器330可以参考图1中的反射式增益单元110、光移相器120和耦合器130进行理解，为了避免重复，此处不再赘述。
该无源滤波单元阵列340中包括多个无源滤波单元，每个无源滤波单元都包括了可调滤波器、MZI和带通反射镜，该MZI包括两个耦合器。该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为该无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的MZI的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第二耦合器的第二输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接第二个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口，该第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器和第一个无源滤波单元的该第二耦合器构成该MZI，连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，该第一个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口。
第N-1个无源滤波单元的MZI的第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接第N无源滤波单元的MZI的第一耦合器的输入端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第二耦合器的第二输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口，该第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，N≥1。该多个无源滤波单元依次以级联的方式连接在一起构成了该无源滤波单元阵列340。
应理解，该MZI中的第一耦合器可以是1x2的耦合器，也可以是2x2的耦合器，对于该MZI中的耦合器的具体结构，本申请并不进行限定。
还应理解，该MZI中的任一路光波导上或者两个光波导上覆盖有移相器。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，当该可调滤波器为微环谐振器时，该微环谐振 器包括两个耦合器；该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为该无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，该第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第一输出端口连接第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一耦合器的第二输入端口，该第一耦合器和该第二耦合器构成该微环谐振器，N≥1，连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接该第二耦合器的第一输出端口与该第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，该加热电极用于改变微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，该第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口。
具体而言，参见图4，图4是根据本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器400的示意性框图，该激光器400包括反射式增益单元410、光移相器420、耦合器430和无源滤波单元阵列440。
需要说明的是，关于该反射式增益单元410、光移相器420和耦合器430可以参考图1中的反射式增益单元110、光移相器120和耦合器130进行理解，为了避免重复，此处不再赘述。
该无源滤波单元阵列440中包括多个无源滤波单元，每个无源滤波单元都包括了微环器、光开关和带通反射镜，该微环谐振器包括两个2x2的耦合器。该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为该无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的第一输出端口连接第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一耦合器的第二输入端口，该第一耦合器和该第二耦合器构成该微环谐振器，连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和连接该第二耦合器的第一输出端口与该第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，该第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接第二无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口。
第N-1个无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接第N无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，第N无源滤波单元的光开关的第一输出端口连接第N无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一耦合器的第二输入端口，该第一耦合器和该第二耦合器构成该微环谐振器，连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和连接该第二耦合器的第一输出端口与该第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第N无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，该第N无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接第N+1无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，N≥1。该多个无源滤波单元依次以级联的方式连接在一起构成了该无源滤波单元阵列440。
应理解，该微环谐振器包括两个2x2的耦合器只是一种可实现的方式，该微环谐振器还可以包括其他数量的以及其他类型的耦合器，本申请对此并不进行限定。
还应理解，在图4所示的微环谐振器中，组成该微环谐振器的两路光波导均覆盖有加热电极，但也可以是该微环谐振器中的任一路光波导上覆盖有加热电极。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，当所述可调滤波器为微环谐振器，且所述光开关为马赫增德尔干涉仪MZI时，其中，该微环谐振器包括第一耦合器、第二耦合器和第三耦合器，该MZI包括该第一耦合器和该第二耦合器，
该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为该无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，
该第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第三耦合器的第一输入端口，该第三耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接该第二耦合器的第一输出端口与该第三耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接该第三耦合器的第一输出端口与该第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，该加热电极用于通过改变微环谐振器的腔长改变微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；
该第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第二耦合器的第二输入端口，该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换，N≥1；
该第三耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口。
具体而言，参见图5，图5是根据本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器500的示意性框图。该激光器500包括反射式增益单元510、光移相器520、耦合器530和无源滤波单元阵列540。
需要说明的是，关于该反射式增益单元510、光移相器520和耦合器530可以参考图1中的反射式增益单元110、光移相器120和耦合器130进行理解，为了避免重复，此处不再赘述。
该无源滤波单元阵列540中包括多个无源滤波单元，每个无源滤波单元都包括了微环谐振器、MZI和带通反射镜。该微环谐振器用于选择固定波长的光，该MZI相当于光开关，确定当前无源滤波器单元是否有光进入。该每个无源滤波单元包括三个2x2的耦合器，该三个2x2的耦合器通过连接形成了微环谐振器和MZI。该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为该无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口。
下面详细描述第一个无源滤波单元中的该三个2x2的耦合器之间的连接结构。
该第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第三耦合器的第一输入端口，该第三耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一耦合器的第二输入端口，此时该第一耦合器、该第二耦合器和该第三耦合器构成了微环谐振器，并且连接该第二耦合器的第一输出端口与该第三耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和连接该第三耦合器的第一输出端口与该第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有 加热电极。
该第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第二耦合器的第二输入端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，此时该第一耦合器和该第二耦合器构成了MZI，并且连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器。
并且，该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接第二个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，该第三耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜。
该第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第三耦合器的第一输入端口，该第三耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一耦合器的第二输入端口，并且连接该第二耦合器的第一输出端口与该第三耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和连接该第三耦合器的第一输出端口与该第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极。该第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第二耦合器的第二输入端口，该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，并且连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，N≥1。该多个无源滤波单元依次以级联的方式连接在一起构成了该无源滤波单元阵列640。
改变当前滤波单元的MZI的状态，可以使得光进入当前滤波单元或者使得光直接输入至下一个滤波单元。例如，当该第一个无源滤波单元中的MZI的状态为开时，光从该第一个无源滤波单元中的第二耦合器的第一输出端口输入该第一个无源滤波单元中的微环谐振器，从而形成由该第一个无源滤波单元中的微环谐振器中心波长所决定的波长可调谐激光器。改变该第一个无源滤波单元中的MZI的状态为关时，则光直接从该第一个无源滤波单元中的第二耦合器的第二输出端口直接输入到第二无源滤波器单元，该第一个无源滤波单元中的MZI的第一输出端口没有光输出，从而该第一个无源滤波单元中的微环谐振器被“透明”，激光器的输出波长与该第一个无源滤波单元中的微环谐振器无关。因此，通过控制该多个无源滤波单元的MZI的状态，来输出可谐调的波长的光。
应理解，该每个无源滤波单元包括三个2x2的耦合器只是一种可实现的方式，该每个无源滤波单元还可以包括其他数量的耦合器，用来构成微环谐振器和MZI，本申请对此并不进行限定。
还应理解，在图5所示的微环谐振器中，组成该微环谐振器的两路光波导均覆盖有加热电极，但也可以是该微环谐振器中的任一路光波导上覆盖有加热电极。
可选地，该微环谐振器的自由光谱区与该MZI的自由光谱区相等。
具体而言，每个无源滤波单元的微环谐振器的自由光谱区与MZI的自由光谱区相等时，MZI作为光开关可以完全开启或者完全关闭。
可选地，当该MZI关闭时，光从该第二耦合器的第二输出端口进入该第N+1个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口；
当该MZI开启时，光从该第二耦合器的第一输出端口进入该第三耦合器的第一输入端口。
具体而言，改变当前滤波单元的MZI的状态，可以使得光进入当前滤波单元或者使 得光直接输入至下一个滤波单元。每个无源滤波单元的微环谐振器的自由光谱区与MZI的自由光谱区相等，在自由光谱区相等的时候，MZI作为光开关可以完全开启或者关闭。通过该第一个无源滤波单元中的MZI来介绍MZI的关闭状态或者开启状态。在默认情况下，MZI的两臂相位相差一个pi相位(两臂为第一耦合器与第二耦合器之间连接的两条光路，即一条光路为第一耦合器的第一输出端口与第二耦合器的第一输入端口之间的光路，另一条光路为第一耦合器的第二输出端口与第二耦合器的第二输入端口之间的光路)，此时MZI处于完全关闭状态(即MZI的第二耦合器的第一输出端口没有光输出)，光直接从MZI的第二耦合器的第二输出端口输出至第二无源滤波单元；当通过覆盖在该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与第二耦合器的第一输入端口之间的移相器来改变MZI的干涉臂长度，导致两个干涉臂之间的相差不是一个pi相位时，MZI由完全关闭状态变为开启状态，光由第二耦合器的第一输出端口输入并耦合进入第一微环谐振器，此时第一微环谐振器构成的滤波效应决定了激光器的激射波长。
应理解，在该MZI的两臂相位相差一个pi相位时，该MZI完全关闭，当该MZI的两臂相位相差不是一个pi相位时，MZI由完全关闭状态变为开启状态，此时光由第二耦合器的第一输出端口输入并耦合进入第一微环谐振器，同时也有一部分光从该MZI的第二耦合器的第二输出端口输出至第二无源滤波单元，为了使得第一微环谐振器构成的滤波效应决定了激光器的激射波长，因此必须控制该无源滤波单元阵列中的其他无源滤波单元的MZI完全关闭，即其他无源滤波单元的MZI的两臂相位相差一个pi相位。
当该MZI的两臂相位相差不是一个pi相位时，MZI由完全关闭状态变为开启状态，但此时的开启状态不是完全开启，即光由第二耦合器的第一输出端口输入并耦合进入第一微环谐振器时，还有一部分光从该MZI的第二耦合器的第二输出端口输出至第二无源滤波单元，为了使得光完全由第二耦合器的第一输出端口输入并耦合进入第一微环谐振器，需要该MZI处于完全开启状态，即满足光由第一耦合器输入并耦合进入第一微环谐振器的耦合比例与该第三耦合器的耦合比例相等时，从MZI由关闭状态变为完全开启状态。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，该无源滤波单元阵列包括波带复用器，该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为波带复用器的输入端口，该波带复用器的多个输出端口中的每个输出端口连接一个该无源滤波单元，
该多个无源滤波单元中的每个无源滤波单元包括可调滤波器、光开关和反射镜，
该光开关用于控制光是否进入该反射镜，该可调滤波器用于滤出波长为该可调滤波器的滤波峰值的光，该反射镜用于反射滤出的光，
该可调滤波器的波长调谐范围处于可调滤波器所在的该无源滤波单元连接的波带复用器的输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，且在该输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，该可调滤波器有且只有一个滤波峰值，
该波带复用器的多个输出端口中的第N个输出端口连接第N个该无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，N≥1，第N个该无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接该第N个该无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，该第N个该无源滤波单元的光开关的输出端口连接该第N个该无源滤波单元的反射镜的输入端口。
具体而言，波带复用器的特征如图6所示，图6示出了波带复用器的分波示意图。波带复用器包括合波端口和分波端口，该波带复用器的合波端口为该波带复用器的输入端口， 该波带复用器的分波端口为该波带复用器的多个输出端口，图6示出的波带复用器包括N个分波端口，每个分波端口对应的波长范围均不相同，N个分波端口将合波端口输入的光波按波长均等分成N份。该波带复用器的滤波带宽范围内，该可调滤波器有且只有一个滤波峰值。例如，该波带复用器包括3个分波端口，合波端口输入的光1550nm-1580nm，则该三个分波端口将输入的光按照波长范围均等分为3份，第一个分波端口对应的波长范围为1550nm-1560nm，第二个分波端口对应的波长范围为1560nm-1570nm，第三个分波端口对应的波长范围1570nm-1580nm。
具体而言，参见图7，图7是根据本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器600的示意性框图。该激光器600包括反射式增益单元610、光移相器720、耦合器630和无源滤波单元阵列640。
需要说明的是，关于该反射式增益单元610、光移相器620和耦合器630可以参考图1中的反射式增益单元110、光移相器120和耦合器130进行理解，为了避免重复，此处不再赘述。
该无源滤波单元阵列640中包括波带复用器和多个无源滤波单元，每个无源滤波单元都包括了可调滤波器、光开关和反射镜。该波带复用器的每个输出端口连接一个该无源滤波单元，如该波带复用器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元中的第一可调滤波器的输入端口，该波带复用器的第N个输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元中的第N个可调滤波器的输入端口，N≥1，每个无源滤波单元中的可调滤波器与光开关和反射镜依次连接。
可选地，该可调滤波器为微环谐振器和/或该光开关为MZI。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，该可调滤波器为微环谐振器。
该微环谐振器包括两个耦合器，该第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口连接波带复用器的第N输出端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接该第二耦合器的第一输出端口与该第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，该加热电极用于改变该微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，该第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的反射镜，N≥1。
具体而言，参见图8，图8是根据本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器700的示意性框图。该激光器700包括反射式增益单元710、光移相器720、耦合器730和无源滤波单元阵列740。
需要说明的是，关于该反射式增益单元710、光移相器720和耦合器730可以参考图1中的反射式增益单元110、光移相器120和耦合器130进行理解，为了避免重复，此处不再赘述。
该无源滤波单元阵列740包括波带复用器，该无源滤波单元阵列740的输入端口为波带复用器的输入端口，该无源滤波单元阵列740包括多个无源滤波单元，该波带复用器的多个输出端口中的一个输出端口连接一个无源滤波单元，如图8所示的，该波带复用器的第一输出端口连接第一无源滤波器单元，该波带复用器的第N个输出端口连接第N无源 滤波器单元，N≥1。
该无源滤波单元阵列840中包括多个无源滤波单元，每个无源滤波单元都包括了微环谐振器、光开关和反射镜。该微环谐振器用于选择固定波长的光，该光开关确定当前无源滤波器单元是否有光进入。该微环谐振器包括两个2x2的耦合器，下面详细描述该第一个无源滤波单元的连接结构。
该第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口连接波带复用器的第一输出端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一耦合器的第二输入端口，该第一耦合器和该第二耦合器构成该微环谐振器，其中，连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和连接该第二耦合器的第一输出端口与该第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极。该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，该第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的反射镜。
该第N个无源滤波单元的连接结构与该第一个无源滤波单元的连接结构一样，可以参考该第一个无源滤波单元的连接结构进行理解。
应理解，该每个无源滤波单元包括两个2x2的耦合器只是一种可实现的方式，该每个无源滤波单元还可以包括其他数量的耦合器，用来构成微环谐振器，本申请对此并不进行限定。
还应理解，在图8所示的微环谐振器中，组成该微环谐振器的两路光波导均覆盖有加热电极，但也可以是该微环谐振器中的任一路光波导上覆盖有加热电极。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，该光开关为MZI，该MZI包括两个耦合器，该第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口连接波带复用器的第N输出端口，该可调滤波器的输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第二耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换；该第二耦合器的输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的的反射镜，N≥1。
具体而言，参见图9，图9是根据本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器800的示意性框图。该激光器800包括反射式增益单元810、光移相器820、耦合器830和无源滤波单元阵列840。
需要说明的是，关于该反射式增益单元810、光移相器820和耦合器830可以参考图1中的反射式增益单元110、光移相器120和耦合器130进行理解，为了避免重复，此处不再赘述。
该无源滤波单元阵列940包括的波带复用器与该无源滤波单元阵列940包括的多个可调滤波器的具体连接方式可以参考激光器600中的相应连接方式，此处不再赘述。
该无源滤波单元阵列840中包括多个无源滤波单元，每个无源滤波单元都包括了可调 滤波器、MZI和反射镜。该可调滤波器用于选择固定波长的光，该MZI确定当前无源滤波器单元是否有光进入。该MZI包括两个1x2的耦合器，下面详细描述该第一个无源滤波单元的连接结构。
该第一个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口连接该波带复用器的第一输出端口，该可调滤波器的输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第二耦合器的第二输入端口，该第一耦合器和该第二耦合器构成该MZI，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，该第二耦合器的输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的的反射镜。
该第N个无源滤波单元的连接结构与该第一个无源滤波单元的连接结构一样，可以参考该第一个无源滤波单元的连接结构进行理解。
应理解，该MZI中的第一耦合器还可以是2x2的耦合器，对于该MZI中的耦合器的具体结构，本申请并不进行限定。
还应理解，该MZI中的任一路光波导上或者两个光波导上覆盖有移相器。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，该光开关为MZI，该可调滤波器为微环谐振器，该微环谐振器包括第一耦合器和第二耦合器，该MZI包括第三耦合器和第四耦合器，该第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口连接波带复用器的第N输出端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接该第二耦合器的第一输出端口与该第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，该加热电极用于改变该微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第三耦合器的第一输入端口，该第三耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第四耦合器的第一输入端口，该第三耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第四耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第四耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第三耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第四耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第四耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换；该第四耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的的反射镜，N≥1。
具体而言，参见图10，图10是根据本申请的另一个实施例的一种波长可调谐的激光器900的示意性框图。该激光器900包括反射式增益单元910、光移相器920、耦合器930和无源滤波单元阵列940。
需要说明的是，关于该反射式增益单元910、光移相器920和耦合器930可以参考图1中的反射式增益单元110、光移相器120和耦合器130进行理解，为了避免重复，此处不再赘述。
该无源滤波单元阵列940的波带复用器与该无源滤波单元阵列740包括的多个可调滤波器的具体连接方式可以参考激光器700中的相应连接方式，此处不再赘述。
该无源滤波单元阵列940中包括多个无源滤波单元，每个无源滤波单元都包括了微环谐振器、MZI和反射镜。该微环谐振器用于选择固定波长的光，该MZI确定当前无源滤波器单元是否有光进入。下面详细描述该第一个无源滤波单元的连接结构。
该第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口连接波带复用器的第一输出端口，该第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，该第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一耦合器的第二输入端口，该第一耦合器和该第二耦合器构成该微环谐振器，连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接该第二耦合器的第一输出端口与该第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，该加热电极用于改变该微环谐振器的滤波中心波长。该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，该第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第三耦合器的输入端口，该第三耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的第四耦合器的第一输入端口，该第三耦合器的第二输出端口连接该第四耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第四耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，该第四耦合器的输出端口连接该第一个无源滤波单元的反射镜。
该第N个无源滤波单元的连接结构与该第一个无源滤波单元的连接结构一样，可以参考该第一个无源滤波单元的连接结构进行理解。
应理解，该微环谐振器包括两个2x2的耦合器只是一种可实现的方式，该每个无源滤波单元还可以包括其他数量的耦合器，用来构成微环谐振器，本申请对此并不进行限定。
还应理解，该MZI中的任一路光波导上或者两个光波导上覆盖有移相器，以及该微环谐振器的任一路光波导上覆盖有加热电极。
可选地，该光开关为马赫增德尔干涉仪MZI时，该MZI的两臂相位相差一个π相位时，该MZI关闭。
应理解，该MZI的两臂相位相差一个π相位时，该MZI完全关闭，在该MZI的两臂相位相差不是一个π相位时，该MZI呈开启状态，在该MZI的两臂相位相同时，该MZI完全开启。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，该无源滤波单元阵列包括波带复用器，该无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为波带复用器的输入端口，该波带复用器的多个输出端口中的每个输出端口连接一个该无源滤波单元，该多个无源滤波单元中的每个无源滤波单元包括可光开关、调滤波器和反射镜，该光开关用于控制光是否进入该反射镜，该可调滤波器用于滤出波长为该可调滤波器的滤波峰值的光，该反射镜用于反射滤出的光，该可调滤波器的波长调谐范围处于可调滤波器所在的该无源滤波单元连接的波带复用器的输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，且在该输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，该可调滤波器有且只有一个滤波峰值，该波带复用器的多个输出端口中的第N个输出端口连接第N个该无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，N≥1，第N个该无源滤波单元的光开关的输出端口连接该第N个该无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，该第N个该无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接该第N个该无源滤波单元的反射镜的输入端口。
可选地，所述可调滤波器为微环谐振器和/或所述光开关为MZI。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，当所述可调滤波器为微环谐振器时，所述微环 谐振器包括两个耦合器，所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N个输出端口，所述光开关的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接该第一耦合器的第一输出端口与该第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接该第二耦合器的第一输出端口与该第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，该加热电极用于改变该微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的反射镜，N≥1。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，当所述光开关为MZI时，所述MZI包括两个耦合器，所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N输出端口，所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换；所述第二耦合器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，所述可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的反射镜，N≥1。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，当所述可调滤波器为微环谐振器，且所述光开关为MZI时，所述MZI包括第一耦合器和第二耦合器，所述微环谐振器包括第三耦合器和第四耦合器，所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N个输出端口，所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换；该第二耦合器的输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第三耦合器的第一输入端口，该第三耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第N个无源滤波单元的第四耦合器的第一输入端口，该第四耦合器的第一输出端口连接该第三耦合器的第二输入端口，其中，连接该第三耦合器的第一输出端口与该第四耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接该第四耦合器的第一输出端口与该第三耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，该加热电极用于改变该微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；所述第四耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的反射镜，N≥1。
可选地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述激光器还包括控制器，所述控制器用于控制所述多个无源滤波单元中的每个无源滤波单元的光开关的开启或关闭，使得在同一时刻，所述多个无源滤波单元中只有一个无源滤波单元进行滤波。
应理解，在本申请中，加热电极还可以用移相器替代，例如，在图覆盖有该加热电极的光波导也可以是该光波导连接有移相器
应理解，在本申请中，对于一个耦合器的各个端口的名称仅是示例性的，如一个2x2的耦合器的端口分别为第一输入端口、第二输入端口、第一输出端口和第二输出端口，该描述仅是示例性的，还可以叫做第一端口、第二端口、第三端口和第四端口等，耦合器的端口的名称并不会对该方案造成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种波长可谐调的激光器，其特征在于，包括反射式增益单元、光移相器、耦合器和无源滤波单元阵列，
    所述反射式增益单元的输出端口连接所述光移相器的输入端口，所述反射式增益单元用于对所述激光器的谐振腔中的光进行反射，并提供激光器的增益；
    所述光移相器的输出端口连接所述耦合器的输入端口，所述光移相器用于调整所述激光器的谐振腔的腔长，以使得激光器的腔模与所述无源滤波单元的中心波长匹配；
    所述耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口，用于将需要进行滤波的光输入所述无源滤波单元阵列；所述耦合器的第二输出端口为所述激光器的输出端口；
    所述无源滤波单元阵列包括多个无源滤波单元，所述多个无源滤波单元中的任意两个无源滤波单元的波长调谐范围不同；其中，在同一时刻，所述多个无源滤波单元中只有一个无源滤波单元进行滤波。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的激光器，其特征在于，所述无源滤波单元包括带通反射镜、可调滤波器和光开关，所述光开关用于控制光是否进入所述光开关所在的无源滤波单元的可调滤波器，所述可调滤波器用于滤出波长为所述可调滤波器的滤波峰值的光，所述带通反射镜用于反射滤出的光，
    所述可调滤波器的波长调谐范围处于所述带通反射镜反射波长的带宽范围内，且在所述带通反射镜的带宽范围内，所述可调滤波器只有一个滤波峰值，
    所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为所述无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，
    所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，
    所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，N≥1。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的激光器，其特征在于，所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器和/或所述光开关为马赫增德尔干涉仪MZI。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的激光器，其特征在于，当所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器，且所述光开关包括MZI时，其中，所述微环谐振器包括第一耦合器、第二耦合器和第三耦合器，所述MZI包括所述第一耦合器和所述第二耦合器；
    所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为所述无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，
    所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第三耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口，
    其中，连接所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第三耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，所述加热电极用于改变所述微环谐振器的滤波中心波长；
    所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口；
    所述第三耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，N≥1。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的激光器，其特征在于，所述微环谐振器的自由光谱区与所述MZI的自由光谱区相等。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的激光器，其特征在于，当所述光开关包括MZI时，所述MZI包括两个耦合器，
    所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为所述无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口；
    所述第N个无源滤波器单元的第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波器单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口，N≥1；
    所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的激光器，其特征在于，当所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器时，所述微环谐振器包括两个耦合器；
    所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为所述无源滤波单元阵列的第一个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，
    所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第一输出端口连接第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口，N≥1；
    所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的带通反射镜的输入端口，所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的第二输出端口连接第N+1个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口。
  8. 根据权利要求4至6中任一项所述的激光器，其特征在于，
    当所述MZI的两臂相位相差一个π相位时，光从所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口进入所述第N+1个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口；
    所述MZI的两臂相位相同时，光从所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口进入所述第三耦合器的第一输入端口。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的激光器，其特征在于，所述无源滤波单元阵列包括波带复用器，所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为波带复用器的输入端口，所述波带复用器的多 个输出端口中的一个输出端口连接一个所述无源滤波单元，
    所述多个无源滤波单元中的每个无源滤波单元包括可调滤波器、光开关和反射镜，
    所述光开关用于控制光是否进入所述反射镜，所述可调滤波器用于滤出波长为所述可调滤波器的滤波峰值的光，所述反射镜用于反射滤出的光，
    所述可调滤波器的波长调谐范围处于所述可调滤波器所在的所述无源滤波单元连接的波带复用器输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，且在所述输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，所述可调滤波器只有一个滤波峰值，
    所述波带复用器的多个输出端口中的第N个输出端口连接第N个所述无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，N≥1，
    第N个所述无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，
    所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的光开关的输出端口连接所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的反射镜的输入端口。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的激光器，其特征在于，所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器和/或所述光开关包括MZI。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的激光器，其特征在于，当所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器时，所述微环谐振器包括两个耦合器，
    所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N个输出端口，所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口；
    所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，所述第N个无源滤波单元的光开关的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的反射镜，N≥1。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的激光器，其特征在于，当所述光开关包括MZI时，所述MZI包括两个耦合器，
    所述第N个无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N输出端口，
    所述可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的输入端口，
    所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口；
    所述第二耦合器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的反射镜，N≥1。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的激光器，其特征在于，当所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器，且所述光开关包括MZI时，所述微环谐振器包括第一耦合器和第二耦合器，所述MZI包括第三耦合器和第四耦合器，
    所述第N个无源滤波单元的第一耦合器的第一输入端口连接所述波带复用器的第N个输出端口，所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第二耦合器的第一输入端口，所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口；
    所述第二耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第三耦合器的输入端口，所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的第四耦合器的第一 输入端口，所述第三耦合器的第二输出端口连接所述第四耦合器的第二输入端口，
    其中，连接所述第三耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第四耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第三耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第四耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第四耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换；
    所述第四耦合器的输出端口连接所述第N个无源滤波单元的反射镜，N≥1。
  14. 根据权利要求4、6和12中任一项所述的激光器，其特征在于，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，和/或连接所述第一耦合器的第二输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有移相器，
    所述移相器通过改变所述MZI两个臂之间的相位差，实现光信号在所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与第二输出端口之间的切换。
  15. 根据权利要求7、11和13中任一项所述的激光器，其特征在于，连接所述第一耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第二耦合器的第一输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，和/或连接所述第二耦合器的第一输出端口与所述第一耦合器的第二输入端口的光波导上覆盖有加热电极，所述加热电极用于改变所述微环谐振器的滤波中心波长。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的激光器，其特征在于，所述无源滤波单元阵列包括波带复用器，所述无源滤波单元阵列的输入端口为波带复用器的输入端口，所述波带复用器的多个输出端口中的一个输出端口连接一个所述无源滤波单元，
    所述多个无源滤波单元中的每个无源滤波单元包括光开关、可调滤波器和反射镜，
    所述光开关用于控制光是否进入所述反射镜，所述可调滤波器用于滤出波长为所述可调滤波器的滤波峰值的光，所述反射镜用于反射滤出的光，
    所述可调滤波器的波长调谐范围处于所述可调滤波器所在的所述无源滤波单元连接的波带复用器输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，且在所述输出端口的滤波带宽范围内，所述可调滤波器只有一个滤波峰值，
    所述波带复用器的多个输出端口中的第N个输出端口连接第N个所述无源滤波单元的光开关的输入端口，N≥1，
    第N个所述无源滤波单元的光开关的输出端口连接所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输入端口，
    所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的可调滤波器的输出端口连接所述第N个所述无源滤波单元的反射镜的输入端口。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的激光器，其特征在于，所述可调滤波器包括微环谐振器和/或所述光开关包括MZI。
  18. 根据权利要求2至17中任一项所述的激光器，其特征在于，所述激光器还包括控制器，所述控制器用于控制所述多个无源滤波单元中的每个无源滤波单元的光开关的开启或关闭，使得在同一时刻，所述多个无源滤波单元中只有一个无源滤波单元进行滤波；所述控制器还用于控制所述可调滤波器的滤波波长。
PCT/CN2019/091044 2018-06-20 2019-06-13 波长可调谐的激光器 Ceased WO2019242555A1 (zh)

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