WO2020002012A1 - Procédé pour estimer un état d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie électrique ainsi que système pour déterminer une capacité restante d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie électrique - Google Patents

Procédé pour estimer un état d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie électrique ainsi que système pour déterminer une capacité restante d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020002012A1
WO2020002012A1 PCT/EP2019/065813 EP2019065813W WO2020002012A1 WO 2020002012 A1 WO2020002012 A1 WO 2020002012A1 EP 2019065813 W EP2019065813 W EP 2019065813W WO 2020002012 A1 WO2020002012 A1 WO 2020002012A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
storage system
energy storage
internal resistance
determined
remaining capacity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/065813
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sepehr SHIRAZI
Ingo Koch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Clarios Germany GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Johnson Controls Autobatterie GmbH and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson Controls Autobatterie GmbH and Co KGaA filed Critical Johnson Controls Autobatterie GmbH and Co KGaA
Publication of WO2020002012A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020002012A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
    • G01R31/3647—Constructional arrangements for determining the ability of a battery to perform a critical function, e.g. cranking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
    • G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for estimating a state of an electrical energy storage system, and in particular for estimating a remaining capacity of an electrical energy storage system.
  • the present invention further relates to a system for determining a remaining capacity of an electrical energy storage system.
  • Known systems and methods for determining the battery status use direct measurements of the battery status and / or the battery properties, by means of which the battery status is determined.
  • a method for determining the battery state is specified, in which battery-specific characteristics of the battery aging are used to derive the instantaneous values from the recorded values To determine battery aging influencing variables with the aid of the map, a battery aging value.
  • Document DE 103 35 928 A1 also discloses, for example, a method for determining a parameter relating to the state of charge of a storage battery, in which a first state of charge value related to the open circuit voltage of the battery-related state of charge and a second value related to the amount of charge converted is determined. The two state of charge values are evaluated with regard to their state of charge changes in order to derive a parameter for the state of the battery from the state of charge changes.
  • the removable capacity of a battery depends on the course of the discharge, ie the discharge current, the final discharge voltage (the voltage at which the discharge is ended), and the degree of discharge.
  • the battery has a different capacity depending on the discharge process. The discharge current and the final discharge voltage must therefore be specified in a meaningful specification of the nominal capacity.
  • the removable capacity of a battery decreases with increasing discharge current. This effect is described by the Peukert equation. This is due, among other things, to the voltage drop at the internal resistance of the battery, which increases with increasing current, which causes the output voltage to drop accordingly, so that the final discharge voltage is reached earlier. In addition to the internal resistance, the limited speed of the electrochemical processes and charge transport processes in the battery is also responsible for their decreasing capacity with increased discharge current. Conventional battery testers are based on measuring the internal resistance of the battery. Based on this measurement, a voltage value can be calculated that the battery will assume if a defined discharge profile or a defined type of discharge is applied. Discharge types include, for example, a discharge with a constant current, a discharge with a constant resistance or a discharge with a constant power.
  • a cold start current with the measured internal resistance of the battery and to define a threshold value at which the battery should be replaced.
  • the threshold could be at 50% of the nominal cold start current.
  • Cold start current is the maximum current that a battery can deliver at a temperature of -18 ° C for 30 seconds before the battery voltage is too low.
  • DIN German industry standard
  • a fully charged 12V battery is discharged at -18 ° C up to 6V, but should still be at least 9V after 30 seconds and only reach the limit of 6V after 150 seconds.
  • SAE American standard
  • a fully charged battery at -18 ° C should still have at least 7.2 V after 30 seconds of discharge.
  • IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
  • the battery should still have 8.4V at -18 ° C after 60 seconds.
  • the discharge time after a discharge at a final voltage of 7.5V should be a minimum of 10 seconds.
  • the conventional approaches for estimating or predicting a removable capacity of a battery are based on the assumption that the batteries are operated in a fully charged state (fully charged).
  • the boundary condition is generally no longer achievable, particularly with start-stop batteries, since these batteries are usually operated in a partially charged state (typically 70% to 80%).
  • degradation is understood to mean the decrease in the capacity of a battery over time, even when used properly, this decrease in capacity taking place due to chemical reactions (aging).
  • aging depends on the charging and discharging processes the electrodes of a battery to (only partially reversible) electrochemical processes that hinder a full charge or discharge.
  • lead accumulators this includes sulfation, in batteries on nickel technology, for example, battery inertia effects, and in batteries on lithium chemistry, electrode aging due to irreversible parasitic chemical reactions (calendar life).
  • start-stop systems Due to the increasing trend towards the use of so-called start-stop systems or automatic start-stop systems, the disadvantages discussed above are no longer acceptable in known systems for estimating the battery capacity. This is due in particular to the fact that in start-stop systems to reduce fuel consumption in stationary phases (eg when stopping at traffic lights), the engine switches off and stops automatically under certain conditions. These start-stop systems therefore require special conditions for the start-stop batteries.
  • a start-stop battery performs almost the same tasks and functions as a regular car battery, but it has to do a lot more, as the automatic start-stop causes the internal combustion engine to be switched on and off permanently, which is very important for the battery Performance required. It can therefore be seen that a properly functioning battery is required for the automatic start-stop system to function properly.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an optimized diagnosis and analysis tool in order to be able to predict a possible battery defect quickly and reliably, in particular also for start-stop batteries.
  • a method for estimating a state of an electrical energy storage system is specified, with first of all an internal resistance and / or an impedance of the energy storage system and / or one with the coordinating variable is determined based on the internal resistance or the impedance of the energy storage system.
  • the determined internal resistance or the determined impedance of the energy storage system is then evaluated with regard to a remaining capacity of the energy storage system, taking into account an age-related decrease in a maximum available capacity of the energy storage system.
  • internal resistance used here is to be understood as the output resistance or source resistance which characterizes the output of the electrical energy storage system when the load changes.
  • impedance denotes the AC resistance of the energy storage system, which also relates to the output of the electrical energy storage system coordinates when the load changes.
  • an output voltage of the energy storage system to be measured while idling and a load current for a known or, in particular, changing load which has been predetermined or can be predetermined.
  • the internal resistance can change as a function of the state of charge and is the sum of the resistance of the lead plates (with a starter battery), their boundary layers and the electrolyte (acid filling).
  • a charge state of the energy storage system is used for evaluating the determined internal resistance determined.
  • the state of charge (SoC) is an important characteristic of the energy storage system. It is usually given in percentages, with 100% representing a fully charged accumulator. One hundred percent minus the value of the state of charge gives the degree of discharge (DoD).
  • Various methods can be used to determine the state of charge of the energy storage system, chemical, voltage-dependent, current-integrative (charge balancing), pressure-dependent methods and the measurement of the battery impedance being mentioned as examples.
  • a characteristic curve field is used for evaluating the determined internal resistance, the characteristic curve field representing several characteristic curves as a function of a parameter indicative of the state of charge of the energy storage system, in the form of several characteristic curves or in a three-dimensional coordinate system.
  • characteristic curve used here is to be understood in particular as the graphic representation of two interdependent physical quantities which are characteristic of the state of the electrical energy storage system.
  • the characteristic curves are represented as lines in a two-dimensional coordinate system.
  • a “characteristic curve field” in the sense of the present disclosure represents several characteristic curves as a function of further input variables (parameters) in the form of several characteristic curves or in a three-dimensional coordinate system.
  • the characteristic curves and characteristic curve fields can be approximated by mathematical functions in order to represent them analytically For example, they can be determined from measured values by interpolation and regression.
  • the characteristic curves of the characteristic field are determined in advance, preferably by determining a course of the internal resistance at different charge states for sample systems whose remaining capacity is known and which differ with regard to their remaining capacity.
  • the characteristics of the characteristic field represent estimated, approximated and / or calculated values of a remaining capacity of the energy storage system at different Values of the internal resistance and at different charge states of the energy storage system.
  • the method according to the invention enables a reproducible and precise estimation of a remaining capacity of the energy storage system.
  • This makes it possible to reliably predict in advance for predetermined times whether, for example, the energy storage system is reliably available as an energy source for a start-stop function of a vehicle or as an energy source for a start-stop system.
  • a start-stop system is an automatically operating system for reducing the fuel consumption in stationary phases (e.g. when stopping at traffic lights) of motor vehicles, especially in city traffic.
  • This prediction can be made, for example, by comparing the estimated remaining capacity with at least one predefined or definable threshold value.
  • the invention further relates to a system for determining a remaining capacity of an electrical energy storage system, in particular in the form of a motor vehicle starter battery, the system being designed on the basis of, in particular, a static internal resistance of the energy storage system and taking into account an age-related decrease a maximum available capacity of the energy storage system to determine the remaining capacity of the energy storage system.
  • the system preferably has an evaluation unit which is designed to evaluate an internal resistance of the energy storage system, with the evaluation unit being assigned a storage unit in which previously estimated, approximated, calculated or otherwise predetermined values are one remaining capacity of the energy storage system with different values of the internal resistance and with different states of charge of the energy storage system are stored as table values and / or as at least one analytical function.
  • the internal resistance of the energy storage system can either be determined (indirectly) by the system. Alternatively or in addition, it is conceivable if the system has an interface for entering a determined internal resistance of the energy storage system.
  • the system has a unit for determining a state of charge of the energy storage system or if the system is assigned a corresponding unit for determining a state of charge of the energy storage system. It is also conceivable here if the system has an interface for entering a determined state of charge of the energy storage system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a characteristic field for estimating a state of an electrical energy storage system.
  • a cold cranking current is calculated with the battery internal resistance determined and a threshold value is defined, below which the battery is no longer considered sufficient to start the internal combustion engine.
  • This threshold value can be, for example, 50% of the nominal cold start current.
  • cold start current used herein is understood to mean the maximum current that a rechargeable battery or a battery can deliver at a temperature of -18 ° C. for 30 seconds before the battery voltage is too low.
  • start-stop batteries are generally not operated in a fully charged state. Rather, the state of charge is usually no higher than 70% to 80%. It is therefore necessary to ensure that the battery keeps this partial state of charge (PSoC) as stable as possible, this partial state also being taken into account when estimating the remaining capacity of the energy storage system. Due to the age-related decrease in the maximum available capacity, however, there is a deviation between the state of charge of the battery on the one hand and the remaining capacity of the energy storage system on the other.
  • PSoC partial state of charge
  • the state of the electrical energy storage system and in particular the remaining capacity of the energy storage system should be able to be predicted more reliably.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • a first step step S1
  • the internal resistance of the energy storage system is determined in a conventional manner.
  • the state of charge of the energy storage system is then determined (step S2), the impedance of the energy storage system being measured, for example. io
  • step S3 the determined internal resistance and the determined state of charge of the energy storage system are evaluated with the aid of a characteristic field, with regard to a remaining capacity of the energy storage system.
  • the estimated remaining capacity of the energy storage system is then output (step S4).
  • a remaining capacity of the energy storage system is estimated and the estimated remaining capacity is compared to at least one predetermined or definable threshold value, the result of this comparison providing information about how long and to what extent, i.e. the extent to which the energy storage system is reliably available as an energy source for a start-stop system (step S5).
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary characteristic curve field for evaluating the remaining capacity of the energy storage system as a function of the determined internal resistance (ordinate axis) on the one hand and as a function of the determined state of charge of the energy storage system (abscissa axis) on the other hand.
  • the lower characteristic curve of the in FIG. 2 shows a remaining capacity of 100% of the energy storage system.
  • This characteristic curve represents a new (brand new) battery.
  • the characteristic curves of the characteristic field are recorded beforehand using sample batteries, the remaining capacity of which is known.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour estimer un état d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie électrique, notamment d'une batterie de démarrage de véhicule automobile. Pour ce faire, une résistance interne et/ou une impédance du système d'accumulation d'énergie et/ou une grandeur de coordination avec la résistance interne et/ou l'impédance du système d'accumulation d'énergie est déterminée, puis interprétée en ce qui concerne une capacité restante du système d'accumulation d'énergie en tenant compte d'une diminution liée au vieillissement d'une capacité maximale disponible du système d'accumulation d'énergie.
PCT/EP2019/065813 2018-06-26 2019-06-17 Procédé pour estimer un état d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie électrique ainsi que système pour déterminer une capacité restante d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie électrique Ceased WO2020002012A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018115284.1 2018-06-26
DE102018115284.1A DE102018115284A1 (de) 2018-06-26 2018-06-26 Verfahren zum abschätzen eines zustandes eines elektrischen energiespeichersystems sowie system zum ermitteln einer verbleibenden kapazität eines elektrischen energiespeichersystems

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020002012A1 true WO2020002012A1 (fr) 2020-01-02

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PCT/EP2019/065813 Ceased WO2020002012A1 (fr) 2018-06-26 2019-06-17 Procédé pour estimer un état d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie électrique ainsi que système pour déterminer une capacité restante d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie électrique

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102018115284A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020002012A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110068765A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-30 新盛力科技股份有限公司 电池容量的预估方法
CN114374002A (zh) * 2020-10-15 2022-04-19 奥迪股份公司 基于阻抗确定至少一个电池单体的荷电状态的方法和控制装置以及机动车
WO2022242088A1 (fr) * 2021-05-20 2022-11-24 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Procédé et appareil pour calculer la quantité d'électricité restante d'un véhicule électrique, procédé et appareil pour afficher la quantité d'électricité restante d'un véhicule électrique, et véhicule électrique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19540827C2 (de) 1994-11-17 1998-07-02 Daimler Benz Ag Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Alterungszustandes einer Batterie
EP1505401A1 (fr) * 2002-05-14 2005-02-09 Sony Corporation Procede de calcul de capacite de batterie
DE10335928A1 (de) 2003-08-06 2005-03-17 Vb Autobatterie Gmbh Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer auf den Ladezustand einer Speicherbatterie bezogenen Kenngröße
JP4110639B2 (ja) * 1998-11-04 2008-07-02 株式会社デンソー 電池の残存容量演算装置

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017197383A1 (fr) * 2016-05-13 2017-11-16 Schumacher Electric Corporation Système et procédé de détection d'état de batterie

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19540827C2 (de) 1994-11-17 1998-07-02 Daimler Benz Ag Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Alterungszustandes einer Batterie
JP4110639B2 (ja) * 1998-11-04 2008-07-02 株式会社デンソー 電池の残存容量演算装置
EP1505401A1 (fr) * 2002-05-14 2005-02-09 Sony Corporation Procede de calcul de capacite de batterie
DE10335928A1 (de) 2003-08-06 2005-03-17 Vb Autobatterie Gmbh Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer auf den Ladezustand einer Speicherbatterie bezogenen Kenngröße

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110068765A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-30 新盛力科技股份有限公司 电池容量的预估方法
CN110068765B (zh) * 2018-01-19 2021-06-15 新盛力科技股份有限公司 电池容量的预估方法
CN114374002A (zh) * 2020-10-15 2022-04-19 奥迪股份公司 基于阻抗确定至少一个电池单体的荷电状态的方法和控制装置以及机动车
WO2022242088A1 (fr) * 2021-05-20 2022-11-24 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Procédé et appareil pour calculer la quantité d'électricité restante d'un véhicule électrique, procédé et appareil pour afficher la quantité d'électricité restante d'un véhicule électrique, et véhicule électrique

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