WO2020005135A1 - Procédé et dispositif de commande permettant de déterminer une pression de collecteur dans une configuration de collecteur en relation avec des cylindres individuels d'un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de commande permettant de déterminer une pression de collecteur dans une configuration de collecteur en relation avec des cylindres individuels d'un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020005135A1
WO2020005135A1 PCT/SE2019/050563 SE2019050563W WO2020005135A1 WO 2020005135 A1 WO2020005135 A1 WO 2020005135A1 SE 2019050563 W SE2019050563 W SE 2019050563W WO 2020005135 A1 WO2020005135 A1 WO 2020005135A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
manifold
pressure
arrangement
values
control device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE2019/050563
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English (en)
Inventor
Sotirios TSIRONAS
Magnus APELL
Ola Stenlåås
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Scania CV AB
Original Assignee
Scania CV AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scania CV AB filed Critical Scania CV AB
Publication of WO2020005135A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020005135A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1439—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
    • F02D41/144—Sensor in intake manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1448—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an exhaust gas pressure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/24—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid specially adapted for measuring pressure in inlet or exhaust ducts of internal-combustion engines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/26—Details or accessories
    • G01L23/30—Means for indicating consecutively positions of pistons or cranks of internal-combustion engines in combination with pressure indicators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/11—Testing internal-combustion engines by detecting misfire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/28—Interface circuits
    • F02D2041/286—Interface circuits comprising means for signal processing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
    • F02D2200/0406—Intake manifold pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
    • F02D2200/0406—Intake manifold pressure
    • F02D2200/0408—Estimation of intake manifold pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/14—Timing of measurement, e.g. synchronisation of measurements to the engine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method performed by a control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine.
  • the invention also relates to a control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine.
  • the invention further relates to a vehicle.
  • the invention in addition relates to a computer program and a computer readable medium.
  • the manifold configuration comprises an intake manifold arrangement for providing pressurized air to the cylinders of the engine during engine operation and an exhaust manifold arrangement for exhausting combusted fuel from the cylinder of the engine.
  • the intake air manifold arrangement is part of the air intake system of the engine.
  • One of the most important parameters of the air intake system is the intake manifold pressure of the intake manifold arrangement of the manifold configuration. It is directly related to the total charge flowing from the intake manifold arrangement to the cylinders of the engine and is directly influencing the combustion event and consequently, the emissions control.
  • the intake manifold pressure may be detected by means of a pressure sensor arranged in the intake manifold arrangement.
  • a more accurate control of the intake manifold pressure is required.
  • One way of obtaining more accurate control of the intake manifold pressure is to arrange pressure sensors in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to each cylinder. This is however costly.
  • the exhaust manifold pressure is a parameter that is used for the estimation of the engine’s volumetric efficiency.
  • it is considered critical in engines with Exhaust Gas Regulation (EGR) systems as the emissions are directly affected by the variation of EGR mass flow.
  • EGR Exhaust Gas Regulation
  • One way of obtaining more accurate determination of the exhaust manifold pressure is to arrange pressure sensors in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to each cylinder. This is however costly.
  • Utilizing so called virtual sensors i.e. using inputs from physical sensors to estimate the values of the intake manifold pressure and exhaust manifold pressure, may be a way to provide more accurate control of the engine parameters.
  • Virtual sensors may require a lot of computational time and computational space.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method performed by a control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine which is accurate and efficient both with regard to costs and required computational time and space.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine which is accurate and efficient both with regard to costs and required computational time and space.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle comprising such a control device.
  • an object of the invention is achieved by a method performed by a control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine.
  • the manifold configuration comprises an intake manifold arrangement and an exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • the manifold pressures are determined in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders and/or the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders.
  • the method comprises the step of, for calibration, creating a transfer function for each cylinder, the respective transfer function comprising pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values, local manifold pressure values in connection to an individual cylinder and a manifold reference pressure value being detected for the range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values as a basis for the creation of each transfer function, each pressure coefficient value being based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value.
  • the method further comprises the steps of: storing the thus created transfer functions for the engine cylinders; and, during vehicle operation, determining the manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders based upon pressure coefficient values of the thus stored transfer functions and corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values.
  • the local manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders may be accurately determined during vehicle operation by using only a reference pressure sensor arrangement, i.e. without the need of pressure sensors arranged in connection to each individual cylinder.
  • a reference pressure sensor arrangement i.e. without the need of pressure sensors arranged in connection to each individual cylinder.
  • the pressure in connection to the individual cylinders of the intake manifold arrangement may with this method be accurately determined without the need of physical pressure sensors arranged in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to the individual cylinders, only reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the intake manifold arrangement being needed.
  • the pressure in connection to the individual cylinders of the exhaust manifold arrangement may with this method be accurately determined without the need of physical pressure sensors arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to the individual cylinders, only reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement being needed.
  • each pressure coefficient value being based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value and further being based upon a determined heat capacity ratio and a determined Mach number.
  • the pressure coefficient values are determined based upon a linearized pressure coefficient model.
  • the local manifold pressure values in connection to each individual cylinder are detected by means of local pressure sensors arranged in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to the respective cylinder, and the manifold reference pressure values are detected by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the intake manifold arrangement.
  • the local manifold pressure values in connection to each individual cylinder are detected by means of local pressure sensors arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to the respective cylinder, and the manifold reference pressure values are detected by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • the detected manifold reference pressure values are detected by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the intake manifold arrangement.
  • the detected manifold reference pressure values are detected by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • a control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine comprises an intake manifold arrangement and an exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • the manifold pressures are determined in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders and/or the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders.
  • the control device is configured to, for calibration, create a transfer function for each cylinder, the respective transfer function comprising pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values, local manifold pressure values in connection to an individual cylinder and a manifold reference pressure value being detected for the range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values as a basis for the creation of each transfer function, each pressure coefficient value being based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value.
  • the control device is further configured to store the thus created transfer functions for the engine cylinders; and, during vehicle operation, determine the manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders based upon pressure coefficient values of the thus stored transfer functions and corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values.
  • each pressure coefficient value being based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value and further being based upon a determined heat capacity ratio and a determined Mach number.
  • control device is configured to determine the pressure coefficient values based upon a linearized pressure coefficient model.
  • control device for calibration, for the intake manifold arrangement, is configured to detect the local manifold pressure values in connection to each individual cylinder by means of local pressure sensors arranged in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to the respective cylinder, and wherein the control device is configured to detect the manifold reference pressure values by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the intake manifold arrangement.
  • control device for calibration, for the exhaust manifold arrangement, is configured to detect the local manifold pressure values in connection to each individual cylinder by means of local pressure sensors arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to the respective cylinder, and wherein the control device is configured to detect the manifold reference pressure values by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • control device during vehicle operation, for the intake manifold arrangement, the control device is configured to detect manifold reference pressure values by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the intake manifold arrangement.
  • control device wherein, during vehicle operation, for the exhaust manifold arrangement, the control device is configured to detect manifold reference pressure values by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • a vehicle comprising a control device as set out herein
  • an object of the invention is achieved by a computer program for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine, said computer program comprising program code which, when run on an control device or another computer connected to the control device, causes the control device to perform the method as set out herein.
  • a computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method as set out herein.
  • Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a side view of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 schematically illustrates an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the internal combustion engine in fig. 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5a schematically illustrates a manifold configuration of the engine in fig. 3 during calibration according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5b schematically illustrates the manifold configuration in fig. 5a during vehicle operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 schematically illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 schematically illustrates pressure coefficients for an engine cycle for a certain engine speed and various loads
  • Fig. 8 schematically illustrates a transfer function for a cylinder comprising linearized pressure coefficient values for range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values;
  • Fig. 9 schematically illustrates a computer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • link refers to a communication link which may be a physical connector, such as an optoelectronic communication wire, or a non- physical connector such as a wireless connection, for example a radio or microwave link.
  • Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a side view of a vehicle V according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the exemplified vehicle V is a is a heavy vehicle in the shape of a truck.
  • the vehicle V is travelling on a road R.
  • the exemplified vehicle is operated by means of an internal combustion engine.
  • the exemplified vehicle may be a hybrid vehicle.
  • the exemplified vehicle may be an autonomous vehicle.
  • the vehicle V may comprise a control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine.
  • the vehicle V comprises, according to an embodiment, a control device 100 for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine according to fig. 4.
  • the vehicle V is, according to an embodiment, arranged to be operated in accordance with a method M1 for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine according to fig. 6.
  • Fig. 2 schematically illustrates an internal combustion engine E according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the engine E comprises a crankshaft CS connected to a flywheel FW, and a set of cylinders of which one cylinder C1 is shown, distributed along said crankshaft CS for rotating said crankshaft CS during operation of the engine.
  • the cylinder C1 is connected to the crankshaft via a connecting rod R connected to a piston P1 of the cylinder C1 .
  • Each cylinder of the set of cylinders is arranged to house a piston of which the piston P1 for the cylinder C1 is shown.
  • the piston P1 is movably arranged within the cylinder C1 for performing strokes as explained below.
  • the engine E comprises fuel injectors F for injecting fuel into the cylinder C for combustion.
  • the engine E is arranged to provide a four stroke cycle.
  • the engine according to the present disclosure may be an engine arranged to provide any suitable stroke cycle, e.g. a two stroke cycle or a six stroke cycle.
  • the complete four stroke cycle forms a single thermodynamic cycle from which mechanical work will be extracted for operating a vehicle.
  • the crankshaft will turn two revolutions, this being the engine cycle.
  • TDC When the piston P is farthest from the crankshaft CS is known as the top dead centre TDC and when the piston P is closest to the crankshaft CS is known as the bottom dead centre BDC.
  • a dead centre is when the connecting rod R and the crankshaft CS align.
  • the strokes comprise an intake stroke (TDC to BDC) filling the cylinder C with air, a compression stroke (BDC to TDC) where the air is compressed and at the end of which fuel is injected for combustion, an expansion stroke (TDC to BDC) where the combustion is completed and an exhaust stroke (BDC to TDC).
  • TDC to BDC intake stroke
  • BDC to TDC compression stroke
  • TDC to BDC expansion stroke
  • BDC to TDC exhaust stroke
  • the crankshaft angle a may according to a variant determined by means of a sensor unit arranged in connection to the flywheel FW.
  • Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the internal combustions engine E in fig. 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the engine E in fig. 3 is shown during engine operation illustrating the gas flow during engine operation.
  • the engine E according to schematically illustrated in fig. 3 is a turbocharged diesel engine.
  • an engine E with six cylinders C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 is shown.
  • the engine E comprises an engine block 10 for housing the cylinders and other engine operation components.
  • the engine E is arranged to provide a four stroke cycle.
  • the complete four stroke cycle forms a single thermodynamic cycle from which mechanical work will be extracted for operating a vehicle.
  • the strokes comprise an intake stroke filling the respective cylinder C1 -C6 with air, a compression stroke where the air is compressed and at the end of which fuel is injected for combustion, here illustrated with injection of fuel F into cylinder C6, an expansion stroke where the combustion is completed and an exhaust stroke.
  • the engine E further comprises an air filter 20 through which ambient air A1 is arranged to pass so that filtered air A2 is obtained.
  • the engine E comprises a turbocharger 30 having a compressor 32, a turbine 34 and a shaft 36 operably connecting the compressor 32 and turbine 36.
  • the compressor 32 is arranged to compress the filtered air A2 so that compressed air A3 is obtained.
  • the engine E comprises an intercooler 40 for cooling the compressed air A3 such that cooled compressed air A4 is obtained.
  • the engine E comprises an intake manifold arrangement 50 for distributing the air, i.e. the compressed air A4 to the cylinders C1 -C6.
  • the engine E may comprise a throttle valve V1 arranged to control the distribution of air A4 to the cylinders C1 -C6.
  • the engine E comprises an exhaust manifold arrangement 60 for distributing exhaust gas G1 from the cylinders C1 -C6 to the turbine 34, the exhaust gas being arranged to pass the turbine 34 for operating the turbocharger 30 such that the compressor 32 compresses the filtered air A2.
  • the intake manifold arrangement 50 and exhaust manifold arrangement 60 are comprised in a manifold configuration M of the engine E.
  • the engine E comprises a manifold configuration M.
  • the manifold configuration M comprises the intake manifold arrangement 50 and exhaust manifold arrangement 60.
  • the exhaust manifold 60 may comprise a waste gate 62 for allowing exhaust gas to bypass the turbine 34 and further to the exhaust pipe 64.
  • the engine E when having a waste gate 62, comprises a valve V2 arranged to control the distribution of exhaust gas through the waste gate 62.
  • the engine E may comprise an exhaust gas brake V3 arranged downstream of the turbine 34 and downstream of the waste gate 62.
  • the exhaust gas brake V3 When activated, the exhaust gas brake V3 is configured to provide an exhaust back pressure by rendering exhaust gas flow through the exhaust pipe 64 more difficult.
  • the exhaust back pressure is used for braking the engine speed.
  • the exhaust back pressure thus created increases engine temperature due to the thus increased load.
  • the exhaust back pressure may be used for increasing engine temperature and exhaust gas temperature, this being used at low engine speeds as the exhaust gases at low engine speeds do not reach high enough temperatures in order for the exhaust treatment to function efficiently.
  • the exhaust gas brake V3 comprises a valve configuration for controlling the exhaust gas flow through the exhaust pipe 64.
  • the engine E comprises an exhaust treatment system 70 arranged to treat the exhaust gas in order to reduce emissions so that treated exhaust gases G2 exits the exhaust gas pipe 64.
  • Fig. 3 thus illustrates the gas flow through the engine E.
  • Ambient air A1 enters through the air filter 20, is compressed in the compressor 32 and led through the intercooler 40 to the intake manifold arrangement 50 before entering the cylinders 1 -6.
  • Fuel F is added by injection into the cylinders and after combustion, the exhaust gas G1 pass through the turbine 34 to the exhaust treatment system 70.
  • the present invention relates to determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine, as described with reference to fig. 4, 5a-b and fig. 8.
  • the intake manifold arrangement the intake manifold pressures are determined in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders.
  • the exhaust manifold pressures are determined in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders.
  • the intake manifold arrangement 50 schematically illustrated in fig. 3 has one bank for all six branches connected to the respective cylinder C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6.
  • the intake manifold arrangement according to the present disclosure may have any configuration.
  • the intake manifold arrangement according to the present disclosure may have two banks, each bank having three branches connected to three of the cylinders of the six cylinder engine.
  • the exhaust manifold arrangement 60 schematically illustrated in fig. 3 has one bank for all six branches connected to the respective cylinder C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6.
  • the exhaust manifold arrangement according to the present disclosure may have any configuration.
  • the exhaust manifold arrangement according to the present disclosure may have two banks, each bank having three branches connected to three of the cylinders of the six cylinder engine.
  • At least one pressure sensor for each bank of the exhaust manifold arrangement is used.
  • the engine according to the present disclosure could be any suitable internal combustion engine with any suitable number of cylinders.
  • the internal combustion engine according to the present invention could for example be a 5-cylinder engine, a 6-cylinder engine or an 8-cylinder engine.
  • the cylinders could be in any suitable alignment, for example inline engine or a V-engine.
  • Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a control device 100 for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the control device 100 for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine may be comprised in a system I for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine.
  • the control device may be implemented as a separate entity or distributed in two or more physical entities.
  • the control device may comprise one or more computers.
  • the control device may thus be implemented or realised by the control device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory comprising instructions, which when executed by the processor causes the control device to perform the herein disclosed method.
  • the control device 100 may comprise one or more electronic control units, processing units, computers, server units or the like for determining vehicle operation of at least one vehicle.
  • the control device 100 may comprise control device such as one or more electronic control units arranged on board a vehicle.
  • the control device 100 may comprise one or more electronic control units, processing units, computers, server units or the like of an off-board system arranged externally to a vehicle and being operably connectable to the vehicle.
  • the manifold configuration comprises an intake manifold arrangement and an exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • the intake manifold arrangement and exhaust manifold arrangement are thus comprised in a manifold configuration of the engine.
  • the intake manifold arrangement may be an intake manifold arrangement in accordance with the intake manifold arrangement 50 described with reference to fig. 3.
  • the exhaust manifold arrangement be an exhaust manifold arrangement in accordance with the exhaust manifold arrangement 60 described with reference to fig. 3.
  • the intake manifold arrangement is configured to distribute compressed air to the cylinders of the engine during engine operation.
  • the exhaust manifold arrangement is configured to distribute exhaust gas from the cylinders to the exhaust pipe system of the vehicle.
  • the manifold pressures are determined in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders and/or the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders.
  • the control device 100 is thus configured to determine the manifold pressure in an intake manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine and/or configured to determine the manifold pressure in an exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
  • the manifold pressure in the intake manifold arrangement is the pressure of the compressed air configured to be distributed to the cylinders.
  • the intake manifold pressure is arranged to be determined in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to the individual cylinders.
  • the manifold pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement is the exhaust gas pressure of the exhaust gas configured to be distributed to from the cylinders to the exhaust gas pipe.
  • the exhaust manifold pressure is arranged to be determined in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to the individual cylinders.
  • the control device 100 is configured to, for calibration, create a transfer function for each cylinder, the respective transfer function comprising pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values, local manifold pressure values in connection to an individual cylinder and a manifold reference pressure value being detected for the range of crank angle values and range of engine speed values as a basis for the creation of each transfer function, each pressure coefficient value being based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value.
  • the control device 100 is further configured to store the thus created transfer functions for the engine cylinders.
  • the control device 100 is, during vehicle operation, configured to determine the manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders based upon pressure coefficient values of the thus stored transfer functions and corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values.
  • control device 100 for calibration, for the intake manifold arrangement, is configured to detect the local manifold pressure values in connection to each individual cylinder by means of local pressure sensors 1 1 1 1 , 1 12, 1 13, 1 14, 1 15, 1 16 arranged in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to the respective cylinder. See also fig. 5a. Here six local pressure sensors are shown for a six cylinder engine.
  • the local pressure sensors 1 1 1 , 1 12, 1 13, 1 14, 1 15, 1 16 arranged in the intake manifold arrangement may be comprised in a local pressure sensor arrangement 1 10 for the intake manifold arrangement.
  • the local pressure sensors 1 1 1 , 1 12, 1 13, 1 14, 1 15, 1 16 are configured to detect the local pressure in connection to the respective cylinder of the engine for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the control device 100 for calibration, for the intake manifold arrangement, is further configured to detect the manifold reference pressure values by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 arranged in the intake manifold arrangement.
  • a reference pressure sensor arrangement e.g. a reference pressure sensor
  • that reference pressure sensor may also function as the local pressure sensor for that cylinder and thus replace that local pressure sensor.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 may comprise one or more pressure sensors.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 may comprise a reference pressure sensor 122 for detecting a reference pressure in the intake manifold arrangement for calibration.
  • a reference pressure sensor for each bank of the intake manifold arrangement is used.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 may comprise one or more pressure sensors used for detecting pressure in the intake manifold arrangement for calibration.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 may comprise one or more pressure sensors used for detecting pressure in the intake manifold arrangement during vehicle operation.
  • the one or more sensors of the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 configured to be used for calibration may be the same as the one or more sensors of the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 configured to be used during vehicle operation and/or different sensors of the reference pressure sensor arrangement.
  • the control device 100 is according to an embodiment operably connected to the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120.
  • the system I may comprise the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 is configured to detect the reference pressure in the intake manifold arrangement for the range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values used for the local pressure sensors 1 1 1 , 1 12, 1 13, 1 14, 1 15, 1 16.
  • the control device 100 for calibration, for the intake manifold arrangement, is configured to create a transfer function for each cylinder, the respective transfer function comprising pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising the range of crank angle values and range of engine speed values.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates an example of such a transfer function.
  • Each pressure coefficient value is based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value of the intake manifold arrangement.
  • each pressure coefficient value is based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value and further being based upon a determined heat capacity ratio and a determined Mach number of the intake manifold arrangement.
  • the control device 100 is configured to determine the pressure coefficient values based upon a linearized pressure coefficient model.
  • An embodiment of a linearized pressure coefficient model for the intake manifold arrangement is:
  • LPC is the linearized pressure coefficient
  • y is the heat capacity ratio
  • M is the undisturbed or reference Mach number, which is based on the speed of sound
  • p is the local pressure in connection to a cylinder
  • p is the undisturbed or reference pressure.
  • the local pressure p in connection to a cylinder is thus provided for the respective cylinder from the local pressure sensors 1 1 1 , 1 12, 1 13, 1 14, 1 15, 1 16, and the reference pressure p is provided by the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120.
  • the control device 100 is further configured to store the thus, for the intake manifold arrangement, created transfer functions for the engine cylinders.
  • the system I may comprise a storage device 130 for storing the created transfer functions for the engine cylinders.
  • the storage device 130 may be any suitable storage device such as an internal storage device arranged in the vehicle and/or an external storage device arranged externally to the vehicle.
  • the control device 100 may comprise or be operably connectable to the storage device 130 for storing the created transfer functions for the engine cylinders.
  • the control device 100 is further configured to determine the manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders based upon pressure coefficient values of the thus stored transfer functions and corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values.
  • the control device 100 is configured to, during vehicle operation, detect manifold reference pressure values in the intake manifold arrangement by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the intake manifold arrangement.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement may be the same reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 used for calibration or a pressure sensor arrangement of the same kind.
  • the reference pressure sensor of the pressure sensor arrangement 120 configured to be used during vehicle operation may be the same reference pressure sensor, e.g. reference pressure sensor 122 or another reference pressure sensor, e.g. reference pressure sensor 124.
  • the local pressure p in the intake manifold in connection to the respective cylinder for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values by the pressure coefficient values of the stored transfer functions for the that range of crank angle values and range of engine speed values and the corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values by using the linearized pressure coefficient model, the local pressure being the only unknown value:
  • control device 100 for calibration, for the exhaust manifold arrangement, is configured to detect the local manifold pressure values in connection to each individual cylinder by means of local pressure sensors 141 , 142, 143, 144, 145, 146 arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to the respective cylinder. See also fig. 5a. Here six local pressure sensors are shown for a six cylinder engine.
  • the local pressure sensors 141 , 142, 143, 144, 145, 146 arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement may be comprised in a local pressure sensor arrangement 140 for the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • the local pressure sensors 141 , 142, 143, 144, 145, 146 are configured to detect the local pressure in connection to the respective cylinder of the engine for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the control device 100 for calibration, for the exhaust manifold arrangement, is further configured to detect the manifold reference pressure values by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • a reference pressure sensor arrangement e.g. a reference pressure sensor
  • that reference pressure sensor may also function as the local pressure sensor for that cylinder and thus replace that local pressure sensor.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 may comprise one or more pressure sensors.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 may comprise a reference pressure sensor 152 for detecting a reference pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement for calibration.
  • a reference pressure sensor for each bank of the exhaust manifold arrangement is used.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 may comprise one or more pressure sensors used for detecting pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement for calibration.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 may comprise one or more pressure sensors used for detecting pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement during vehicle operation.
  • the one or more sensors of the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 configured to be used for calibration may be the same as the one or more sensors of the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 configured to be used during vehicle operation and/or different sensors of the reference pressure sensor arrangement.
  • the control device 100 is according to an embodiment operably connected to the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150.
  • the system I may comprise the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 is configured to detect the reference pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement for the range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values used for the local pressure sensors 141 , 142, 143, 144, 145, 146.
  • the control device 100 for calibration, for the exhaust manifold arrangement, is configured to create a transfer function for each cylinder, the respective transfer function comprising pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising the range of crank angle values and range of engine speed values.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates an example of such a transfer function.
  • Each pressure coefficient value is based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value of the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • each pressure coefficient value is based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value and further being based upon a determined heat capacity ratio and a determined Mach number of the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • control device 100 is configured to determine the pressure coefficient values based upon a linearized pressure coefficient model.
  • An embodiment of a linearized pressure coefficient model for the exhaust manifold arrangement is:
  • LPC is the linearized pressure coefficient
  • y is the heat capacity ratio
  • M is the undisturbed or reference Mach number, which is based on the speed of sound
  • p is the local pressure in connection to a cylinder
  • p is the undisturbed or reference pressure.
  • the same parameters are relevant as for the intake manifold arrangement. However, the determination of the parameters may be different or parameters from the intake manifold may occasionally be used.
  • the local pressure p in connection to a cylinder is thus provided for the respective cylinder from the local pressure sensors 141 , 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, and the reference pressure p is provided by the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150.
  • the control device 100 is further configured to store the thus, for the exhaust manifold arrangement, created transfer functions for the engine cylinders.
  • the system I may comprise a storage device 130 for storing the created transfer functions for the engine cylinders.
  • the storage device 130 may be any suitable storage device such as an internal storage device arranged in the vehicle and/or an external storage device arranged externally to the vehicle.
  • the storage device 130 may be the same storage device as for storing created transfer functions for the intake manifold arrangement or another storage device.
  • the control device 100 may comprise or be operably connectable to the storage device 130 for storing the created transfer functions for the engine cylinders.
  • the control device 100 is further configured to, during vehicle, operation determine the manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders based upon pressure coefficient values of the thus stored transfer functions and corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values.
  • the control device 100 is configured to, during vehicle operation, detect manifold reference pressure values in the exhaust manifold arrangement by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement may be the same reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 used for calibration or a pressure sensor arrangement of the same kind.
  • the reference pressure sensor of the pressure sensor arrangement 150 configured to be used during vehicle operation may be the same reference pressure sensor, e.g. reference pressure sensor 152 or another reference pressure sensor, e.g. reference pressure sensor 154.
  • the local pressure p in the exhaust manifold in connection to the respective cylinder for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values by the pressure coefficient values of the stored transfer functions for the that range of crank angle values and range of engine speed values and the corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values by using the linearized pressure coefficient model, the local pressure being the only unknown value:
  • control device 100 is, via a link 1 1 1 a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is via the link 1 1 1 a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor
  • 1 1 1 representing data about local manifold pressure in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to a first engine cylinder for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 1 12a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is via the link 1 12a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor
  • 1 12 representing data about local manifold pressure in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to a second engine cylinder for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 1 13a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is via the link 1 13a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor
  • 1 13 representing data about local manifold pressure in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to a third engine cylinder for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 1 14a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is via the link 1 14a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is, via a link 1 15a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is via the link 1 15a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor
  • 1 15 representing data about local manifold pressure in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to a fifth engine cylinder for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 1 16a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is via the link 1 16a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor
  • 1 16 representing data about local manifold pressure in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to a sixth engine cylinder for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 120a, during calibration, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120.
  • the control device 100 is via the link 120a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the intake manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the control device 100 is, via a link 122a, during calibration, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor 122. According to an embodiment of the invention, the control device 100 is via the link 122a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor 122 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the intake manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values. According to an embodiment of the invention, the control device 100 is, via a link 124a, during calibration, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor 124. According to an embodiment of the invention, the control device 100 is via the link 124a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor 124 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the intake manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the control device 100 for calibration, for the intake manifold arrangement, is arranged to process the data about local manifold pressure in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to the different cylinders and the data about manifold reference pressure in the intake manifold arrangement so as to determine pressure coefficient values based upon the ratio between local manifold pressure values and a corresponding manifold reference pressure values.
  • the control device 100 is further configured to create a transfer function for each cylinder, the respective transfer function comprising the thus determined pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising the range of crank angle values and the range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 130a, operably connected to the storage device 130.
  • control device 100 is via the link 130a arranged to send signals to the storage device 130 representing data about the created transfer functions for the engine cylinders for the intake manifold arrangement.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 120a, during vehicle operation, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120.
  • the control device 100 is via the link 120a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the intake manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the control device 100 is, via a link 122a, during vehicle operation, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor 122.
  • the control device 100 is via the link 122a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor 122 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the intake manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the control device 100 is, via a link 124a, during vehicle operation, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor 124.
  • the control device 100 is via the link 124a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor 124 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the intake manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 130b, during vehicle operation, operably connected to the storage device 130.
  • control device 100 is via the link 130b arranged to receive signals from the storage device 130 representing data about the stored transfer functions for the engine cylinders for the intake manifold arrangement.
  • the control device 100 is configured to process the data about the transfer functions and data about, during vehicle operation, detected manifold reference pressure values so as to determine the manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders for the intake manifold arrangement.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 141 a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor 141 .
  • the control device 100 is via the link 141 a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is, via a link 142a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is via the link 142a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is, via a link 143a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is via the link 143a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is, via a link 144a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is via the link 144a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is, via a link 145a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is via the link 145a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor 145 representing data about local manifold pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to a fifth engine cylinder for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 146a, during calibration, operably connected to the local pressure sensor 146.
  • the control device 100 is via the link 146a arranged to receive signals from the local pressure sensor
  • control device 100 is, via a link 150a, during calibration, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150.
  • the control device 100 is via the link 150a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 152a, during calibration, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor 152.
  • the control device 100 is via the link 152a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor 152 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 154a, during calibration, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor 154.
  • the control device 100 is via the link 154a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor 154 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the control device 100 for calibration, for the exhaust manifold arrangement, is arranged to process the data about local manifold pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to the different cylinders and the data about manifold reference pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement so as to determine pressure coefficient values based upon the ratio between local manifold pressure values and a corresponding manifold reference pressure values.
  • the control device 100 is further configured to create a transfer function for each cylinder, the respective transfer function comprising the thus determined pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising the range of crank angle values and the range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 130a, operably connected to the storage device 130.
  • control device 100 is via the link 130a arranged to send signals to the storage device 130 representing data about the created transfer functions for the engine cylinders for the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 150a, during vehicle operation, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150.
  • the control device 100 is via the link 150a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the control device 100 is, via a link 152a, during vehicle operation, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor 152.
  • the control device 100 is via the link 152a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor 152 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the control device 100 is, via a link 154a, during vehicle operation, operably connected to the reference pressure sensor 154.
  • the control device 100 is via the link 154a arranged to receive signals from the reference pressure sensor 154 representing data about manifold reference pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • control device 100 is, via a link 130b, during vehicle operation, operably connected to the storage device 130.
  • control device 100 is via the link 130b arranged to receive signals from the storage device 130 representing data about the stored transfer functions for the engine cylinders for the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • the control device 100 is configured to process the data about the transfer functions and data about, during vehicle operation, detected manifold reference pressure values so as to determine the manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders for the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • Fig. 5a schematically illustrates a manifold configuration M of the engine in fig. 3 during calibration according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a control device 100 configured to determine the manifold pressure in the intake manifold arrangement 50 in connection to individual cylinders C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 of the internal combustion engine and/or configured to determine the manifold pressure in an exhaust manifold arrangement 60 in connection to individual cylinders C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 of the internal combustion engine.
  • the manifold pressure in the intake manifold arrangement 50 is the pressure of the compressed air A4 configured to be distributed to the cylinders C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6.
  • the manifold pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement 60 is the exhaust gas pressure of the exhaust gas G1 configured to be distributed to from the cylinders C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 to the exhaust gas pipe.
  • the local manifold pressure values are detected in connection to each individual cylinder C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 by means of local pressure sensors 1 1 1 , 1 12, 1 13, 1 14, 1 15, 1 16 arranged in the intake manifold arrangement 50 in connection to the respective cylinder C 1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the manifold reference pressure values are detected by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 arranged in the intake manifold arrangement for the range of crank angle values and range of engine speed values used for the local pressure sensors 1 1 1 , 1 12, 1 13, 1 14, 1 15, 1 16.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 is according to this embodiment one reference pressure sensor.
  • control device 100 for calibration, for the intake manifold arrangement 50, is configured to create a transfer function for each cylinder C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, the respective transfer function comprising pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising the range of crank angle values and range of engine speed values.
  • the thus created transfer functions are stored in a storage device.
  • the local manifold pressure values are detected in connection to each individual cylinder C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 by means of local pressure sensors 141 , 142, 143, 144, 145, 146 arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to the respective cylinder C 1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 for a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the manifold reference pressure values are detected by means of a reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement for the range of crank angle values and range of engine speed values used for the local pressure sensors 141 , 142, 143, 144, 145, 146.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 is according to this embodiment one reference pressure sensor.
  • control device 100 for calibration, for the exhaust manifold arrangement 60, is configured to create a transfer function for each cylinder C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, the respective transfer function comprising pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising the range of crank angle values and range of engine speed values.
  • the thus created transfer functions are stored in a storage device.
  • Fig. 5b schematically illustrates the manifold configuration M in fig. 5a during vehicle operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the intake manifold arrangement 50 and the exhaust manifold arrangement 60 of the manifold configuration M are illustrated. Further the cylinders C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 of the engine in connection to the manifold configuration M are illustrated.
  • the control device 100 is further configured to, during vehicle operation, for the intake manifold arrangement 50, determine the manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders C 1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 based upon pressure coefficient values of the thus stored transfer functions and corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values.
  • the control device 100 is further configured to, during vehicle operation, for the exhaust manifold arrangement 60, determine the manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders C 1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 based upon pressure coefficient values of the thus stored transfer functions and corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 120 is required in order to determine the intake manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6.
  • the reference pressure sensor arrangement 150 is required in order to determine the intake manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders C1 , C2, C3, C4, C5, C6.
  • Fig. 6 schematically illustrates a flowchart of a method M1 performed by a control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the manifold configuration comprises an intake manifold arrangement and an exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • the manifold pressures are determined in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders and/or the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders.
  • the method M1 performed by a control for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine comprises a step S1 .
  • a transfer function for each cylinder is created, the respective transfer function comprising pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values, local manifold pressure values in connection to an individual cylinder and a manifold reference pressure value being detected for the range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values as a basis for the creation of each transfer function, each pressure coefficient value being based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value.
  • the method M1 comprises a step S2.
  • this step the thus created transfer functions for the engine cylinders are stored.
  • Storage of the transfer functions may be performed with a storage device, e.g. a storage device 130 as described with reference to fig. 4.
  • the method M1 comprises a step S3.
  • the manifold pressure is determined in connection to the individual cylinders based upon pressure coefficient values of the thus stored transfer functions and corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values.
  • each pressure coefficient value are based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value and further being based upon a determined heat capacity ratio and a determined Mach number.
  • the pressure coefficient values are determined based upon a linearized pressure coefficient model.
  • the linearized pressure coefficient model is according to an embodiment the model described with reference to fig. 4, i.e. :
  • the local manifold pressure values in connection to each individual cylinder are detected by means of local pressure sensors arranged in the inlet manifold arrangement in connection to the respective cylinder, and the manifold reference pressure values are detected by means of a reference pressure sensor arranged in the inlet manifold arrangement.
  • the local manifold pressure values in connection to each individual cylinder are detected by means of local pressure sensors arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to the respective cylinder, and the manifold reference pressure values are detected by means of a reference pressure sensor arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • the detected manifold reference pressure values are detected by means of a reference pressure sensor arranged in the inlet manifold arrangement.
  • the detected manifold reference pressure values are detected by means of a reference pressure sensor arranged in the exhaust manifold arrangement.
  • the method M1 according to the present invention thus determines the manifold pressure in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine and/or determines the manifold pressure in the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
  • a control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine may be performed by the control device 100 described above with reference to fig. 4.
  • Fig. 7 schematically illustrates pressure coefficients for an engine cycle for a certain engine speed and various loads.
  • the example in fig. 7 shows the result using pressure coefficients determined for cylinder 1 for the intake manifold arrangement, e.g. cylinder C1 in fig. 3, 4 and 5a-b, for an engine speed of 1000 rpm and for 100% load, 75% load, 50% load and 25% load.
  • Fig. 7 depicts the load independency of the linearized pressure coefficient for various loads and constitutes an example for cylinder 1 and 1000 rpm. Flowever, this load independency is observed within all the engine speeds and cylinders. This load independency facilitates easier creation of the transfer functions that are used for the estimation of the local pressures, see fig. 8 for example of transfer function.
  • Fig. 8 schematically illustrates a transfer function T for a cylinder comprising linearized pressure coefficient values LPC for range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the transfer function according to this example is a map.
  • the transfer function according to the present disclosure may be any suitable transfer function such as an equation, a line or a variable.
  • the transfer function T is intended to be used for calibration as described above with reference to e.g. fig. 4 and 6.
  • the example in fig. 8 shows the transfer function T for one cylinder, e.g. cylinder 1 , for the intake manifold arrangement.
  • the transfer function T comprises pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values.
  • the range of crank angles is one engine cycle, e.g. 720 degrees for a six cylinder engine in accordance with fig. 2 and 3.
  • the engine speed values ranges from 600 rpm to 2400 rpm.
  • the intake manifold pressure in connection to that individual cylinder, e.g. cylinder 1 is determined based upon the linearized pressure coefficient values of the thus stored transfer function T and corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values as described above with reference to e.g. fig. 4.
  • the load independency due to the ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure, here illustrated with linearized pressure coefficient model, is the key tool that is used for the creation of the transfer functions. Due to this load independency the transfer function, e.g. experimental maps, become dependent only to engine speed and crank angle degrees.
  • Non-volatile memory 520 has a first memory portion 530 wherein a computer program, such as an operating system, is stored for controlling the function of apparatus 500. Further, apparatus 500 comprises a bus controller, a serial communication port, l/O-means, an A/D-converter, a time date entry and transmission unit, an event counter and an interrupt controller (not shown). Non-volatile memory 520 also has a second memory portion 540.
  • a computer program P comprising routines determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine.
  • the manifold configuration comprises an intake manifold arrangement and an exhaust manifold arrangement, the manifold pressures being determined in the intake manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders and/or the exhaust manifold arrangement in connection to individual cylinders.
  • the program P comprises routines for, for calibration, creating a transfer function for each cylinder, the respective transfer function comprising pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values, local manifold pressure values in connection to an individual cylinder and a manifold reference pressure value being detected for the range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values as a basis for the creation of each transfer function, each pressure coefficient value being based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value.
  • the program P comprises routines storing the thus created transfer functions for the engine cylinders.
  • the program P comprises routines for during vehicle operation, determining the manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders based upon pressure coefficient values of the thus stored transfer functions and corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values.
  • Each pressure coefficient value is based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value and is further based upon a determined heat capacity ratio and a determined Mach number.
  • the pressure coefficient values are determined based upon a linearized pressure coefficient model.
  • the computer program P may be stored in an executable manner or in a compressed condition in a separate memory 560 and/or in read/write memory 550.
  • data processing device 510 When it is stated that data processing device 510 performs a certain function it should be understood that data processing device 510 performs a certain part of the program which is stored in separate memory 560, or a certain part of the program which is stored in read/write memory 550.
  • Data processing device 510 may communicate with a data communications port 599 by means of a data bus 515.
  • Non-volatile memory 520 is adapted for communication with data processing device 510 via a data bus 512.
  • Separate memory 560 is adapted for communication with data processing device 510 via a data bus 51 1 .
  • Read/write memory 550 is adapted for communication with data processing device 510 via a data bus 514. To the data communications port 599 e.g. the links connected to the control unit 100 may be connected.
  • data processing device 510 When data is received on data port 599 it is temporarily stored in second memory portion 540. When the received input data has been temporarily stored, data processing device 510 is set up to perform execution of code in a manner described above.
  • the signals received on data port 599 may be used by apparatus 500 for calibration, creating a transfer function for each cylinder, the respective transfer function comprising pressure coefficient values for a set of operation parameters comprising a range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values, local manifold pressure values in connection to an individual cylinder and a manifold reference pressure value being detected for the range of crank angle values and a range of engine speed values as a basis for the creation of each transfer function, each pressure coefficient value being based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value.
  • the signals received on data port 599 may be used by apparatus 500 for storing the thus created transfer functions for the engine cylinders.
  • the signals received on data port 599 may be used by apparatus 500 for during vehicle operation, determining the manifold pressure in connection to the individual cylinders based upon pressure coefficient values of the thus stored transfer functions and corresponding detected manifold reference pressure values.
  • Each pressure coefficient value is based upon a ratio between a local manifold pressure value and a corresponding manifold reference pressure value and is further based upon a determined heat capacity ratio and a determined Mach number.
  • the pressure coefficient values are determined based upon a linearized pressure coefficient model.
  • Parts of the methods described herein may be performed by apparatus 500 by means of data processing device 510 running the program stored in separate memory 560 or read/write memory 550. When apparatus 500 runs the program, parts of the methods described herein are executed.

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  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé exécuté par un dispositif de commande (100) permettant de déterminer une pression de collecteur dans une configuration de collecteur (M) en relation avec des cylindres individuels (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6) d'un moteur à combustion interne. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant : en vue d'un étalonnage, à créer une fonction de transfert pour chaque cylindre, la fonction de transfert respective comprenant des valeurs de coefficient de pression pour un ensemble de paramètres de fonctionnement comprenant une plage de valeurs d'angle de vilebrequin et une plage de valeurs de vitesse de moteur, des valeurs de pression de collecteur locales en relation avec un cylindre individuel (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6) et une valeur de pression de référence de collecteur étant détectées pour la plage de valeurs d'angle de vilebrequin et une plage de valeurs de vitesse de moteur en tant que base en vue de la création de chaque fonction de transfert. Chaque valeur de coefficient de pression est basée sur un rapport entre une valeur de pression de collecteur locale et une valeur de pression de référence de collecteur correspondante. Le procédé comprend en outre les étapes consistant : à stocker les fonctions de transfert ainsi créées pour les cylindres de moteur (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6) ; et, pendant le fonctionnement du véhicule, à déterminer la pression de collecteur en relation avec les cylindres individuels (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6) sur la base des valeurs de coefficient de pression des fonctions de transfert ainsi stockées et des valeurs de pression de référence de collecteur détectées correspondantes. La présente invention concerne également un dispositif de commande permettant de déterminer une pression de collecteur dans une configuration de collecteur en relation avec des cylindres individuels d'un moteur à combustion interne. La présente invention concerne également un véhicule. La présente invention concerne en outre un programme d'ordinateur et un support lisible par ordinateur.
PCT/SE2019/050563 2018-06-25 2019-06-14 Procédé et dispositif de commande permettant de déterminer une pression de collecteur dans une configuration de collecteur en relation avec des cylindres individuels d'un moteur à combustion interne Ceased WO2020005135A1 (fr)

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SE1850783-0 2018-06-25
SE1850783A SE542027C2 (en) 2018-06-25 2018-06-25 Method and control device for determining manifold pressure in a manifold configuration in connection to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine

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WO2020005135A1 true WO2020005135A1 (fr) 2020-01-02

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Citations (5)

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US20080091333A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-04-17 Denso Corporation Intake quantity sensing device of internal combustion engine
US20130268177A1 (en) * 2012-04-05 2013-10-10 Chrysler Group Llc Individual cylinder fuel air ratio estimation for engine control and on-board diagnosis
US20160084171A1 (en) * 2013-05-16 2016-03-24 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine controller
US20170101956A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2017-04-13 Tula Technology, Inc. Valve fault detection
US20170115181A1 (en) * 2015-10-26 2017-04-27 General Electric Company Systems and methods for pressure wave modeling to estimate in-cylinder pressure

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080091333A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-04-17 Denso Corporation Intake quantity sensing device of internal combustion engine
US20130268177A1 (en) * 2012-04-05 2013-10-10 Chrysler Group Llc Individual cylinder fuel air ratio estimation for engine control and on-board diagnosis
US20170101956A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2017-04-13 Tula Technology, Inc. Valve fault detection
US20160084171A1 (en) * 2013-05-16 2016-03-24 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine controller
US20170115181A1 (en) * 2015-10-26 2017-04-27 General Electric Company Systems and methods for pressure wave modeling to estimate in-cylinder pressure

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SE1850783A1 (en) 2019-12-26

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